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Vojenská História 4/2018 Časopis Pre Vojenskú Históriu, Múzejníctvo a Archívnictvo VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA Časopis pre vojenskú históriu múzejníctvo a archívnictvo 4/2018 VYDÁVA VOJENSKÝ HISTORICKÝ ÚSTAV V BRATISLAVE 1 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA © Vojenský historický ústav, Bratislava 2018 www. vhu.sk Všetky práva vyhradené. Žiadna časť publikovaného časopisu nesmie byť reprodukovaná alebo použitá a šírená v akejkoľvek forme a akýmikoľvek prostriedkami, elektronicky alebo mechanicky, vrátane kopírovania, digitalizácie alebo uchovávaná v akýchkoľvek informačných pamätiach, databázach a informačných pamätiach, databázach a informačných systémoch bez predchádzajúceho písomného súhlasu Vojenského historického ústavu a autorov. Príspevky vyjadrujú názory autorov a nemusia byť totožné so stanoviskom vydavateľa a redakcie. 2 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA OBSAH Štúdie HRICA, Juraj: Spartský odpor voči macedónskej hegemónii v Grécku počas Alexandrovej perzskej kampane v rokoch 334 – 331 pr. Kr. a bitka pri Megalopole. ..........................................................7 ROHÁČ, Peter: Rod Kysekovcov v boji proti uhorskému kráľovi Ladislavovi IV. a rakúskemu vojvodovi Albrechtovi I. v rokoch 1284 – 1290. .......................................52 BAKA, Igor: Zapojenie Pešieho pluku 102 Zaisťovacej divízie do nemeckých protipartizánskych akcií na prelome rokov 1941/1942. ..................................................82 KOZOLKA, Jaroslav: Štátna slovenská vojenská reálka (1942 – 1945). I. časť. .......102 Dokumenty a materiály VYHLÍDAL, Milan – MEDVECKÝ, Matej: Úřad čs. vojenského přidělence v Berlíně v krizovém roce 1938 ve světle neznámého dokumentu. .............................132 JANECOVÁ, Tamara: Slovenské vojenské piesne v rokoch vojnovej Slovenskej republiky. ....................................................................................................160 Rozhľady ŠTEFANSKÝ, Michal: Hrozil vojnový konfl ikt roku 1968 v súvislosti s československou krízou? ............................................................................................191 Personálie BALLA, Tibor: Najvyššia generalita rakúsko-uhorskej armády za Veľkej vojny (s pôvodom na území dnešného Slovenska). ................................................................197 Kronika ....................................................................................................................... 215 3 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA INHALT Studien HRICA, Juraj: Spartas widerhalt gegen die Hegemoniebestrebungen Mazedoniens in Griechenland während des Feldzugs Alexanders des Grossen gegen Persien in den Jahren 334 – 331 v. Chr. und die Schlacht von Megalopolis. ...............................................................................................................7 ROHÁČ, Peter: Das Geschlecht der Kyseks im Kampf gegen den König von Ungarn Ladislaus IV. dem Kumanen und dem Herzog von Österreich Albrecht I. von Habsburg in den Jahren 1284 – 1290. ...................................................52 BAKA, Igor: Einbindung des Infanterieregiments 102 der Sicherungs-division in die deutschen Anti-partisanen-aktionen zum Jahreswechsel 1941/1942 ....................82 KOZOLKA, Jaroslav: Die Slowakische staatliche militärische Realschule (1942–1945). Teil I. ......................................................................................................102 Dokumente und Materialien VYHLÍDAL, Milan – MEDVECKÝ, Matej: Amt des tschechoslowakischen Militärattachés in Berlin im Krisenjahr 1938 im Kontext eines neuen Archivdokuments. .....................................................................................132 JANECOVÁ, Tamara: Slowakische Soldatenlieder zu Zeiten des sog. Slowakischen Staates. .....................................................................................160 Ausblicke ŠTEFANSKÝ, Michal: Stand die Welt im Zusammenhang mit den Ereignissen von 1968 in der Tschechoslowakei am Rande eines Krieges? ......................................191 Personalien BALLA, Tibor: Höchste Generalität (mit Herkunft auf dem Gebiet der heutigen Slowakischen Republik) der österreichisch-ungarischen Armee während des „Großen Krieges“. .........................................................................................................197 Chronik ...................................................................................................................... 215 4 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA CONTENTS Studies HRICA, Juraj: Spartan Resistance against the Macedonian Hegemony in Greece during Alexander’s Persian Campaign in 334-331 BC and the Battle of Megalopolis. ..........................................................................................7 ROHÁČ, Peter: The Kysek Family in the Fight against the Hungarian King (Ladislaus IV. The Cuman) and Austrian Duke (Albrecht I. of Habsburg) in 1284 – 1290 .......................................................................52 BAKA, Igor: Involvement of the 102 Infantry Security Division in the German Antipartisan Actions at the Turn of 1941/42. ..................................................................82 KOZOLKA, Jaroslav: Slovak State Military Grammar School (1942 - 1945). Part I. .....................................................................................................102 Dokumenty a materiály VYHLÍDAL, Milan – MEDVECKÝ, Matej: CS Military Attaché Offi ce in Berlin in the Crisis Year of 1938 in the Light of an Unknown Document. .............................132 JANECOVÁ, Tamara: Slovak Military Songs of the War-time Slovak Republic. .................................................................................160 Horizonts ŠTEFANSKÝ, Michal: Was there a Threat of War confl ict in 1968 in regarding the Czechoslovak crisis? ...............................................................................................191 Personalities BALLA, Tibor: The Highest Generality of the Austrian-Hungarian Army during the Great War (with origin in the territory of today’s Slovakia). ..................................197 Chronicle .................................................................................................................... 215 5 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA 6 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA ŠTÚDIE SPARTSKÝ ODPOR VOČI MACEDÓNSKEJ HEGEMÓNII V GRÉCKU POČAS ALEXANDROVEJ PERZSKEJ KAMPANE V ROKOCH 334 – 331 PR. KR. A BITKA PRI MEGALOPOLE JURAJ HRICA HRICA, J.: Spartan Resistance against the Macedonian Hegemony in Greece during Alexander’s Persian Campaign in 334-331 BC and the Battle of Megalopolis. Vojenská história, 4, 22, 2018, pp 7-51, Bratislava. To this day, the expedition of Alexander the Great against Persia is perceived in military knowledge as one of the most fascinating events not only in the ancient history but human history in general. The personality and deeds of the young king became legendary during his life already, with stories motivated mostly by glorifi cation but sometimes also dehonestation of his personality. In the traditional view of his unprecedented success, the defeat of Persia, which used to be a clear power “number one” and Alexander’s progress through Asia, might seem somehow linear, clear, “textbook”, and therefore also distant. In my contribution, following analysis of the available sources, I would like to stress that this was not so clear-cut and Alexander was, remotely from his home background, mainly through his otherwise competent regent Antipater, confronted with a rough situation because the Spartan King Agis III concocted a rebellion against the Macedonian dominion. However, this was only the peak of the events unfolding following Alexander’s fast progress along the coast and inland of Asia Minor - the Persians and collaborating Greeks prepared signifi cant obstacles to Alexander and his forces. The importance of Agis’ rebellion was accentuated mainly by Ernst Badian and his study on the personality and resistance of this Spartan King continued to be the basis for other researchers. Through summing up the fi ndings, this article is aimed at contributing to the understanding and interpretation mainly of the chronological ambiguities of the so called Agis’ War and the Battle of Megalopolis itself, which is based on inconsistent testimonies of the main sources (Diodoros, Justinus, Curtius Rufus, Addianos). Military history. Ancient times. Alexander the Great, Agis III., Ancient Macedonia, Ancient Sparta, Battle of Megalopolis in 331 BC. Výprava Alexandra Veľkého proti Perzii je doteraz v historickom povedomí vnímaná ako jedna z najfascinujúcejších udalostí nielen dejín staroveku, ale aj ľudských dejín vôbec. Postava a činy mladého kráľa už za jeho života boli opradené legendami, ktorých motívom bola v drvivej väčšine glorifi kácia, niekedy však aj dehonestácia jeho osobnosti. Porážka Perzie, dovtedajšej jasnej veľmoci „číslo jeden“ a Alexandrov postup Áziou sa pri tradičnom pohľade na jeho nevídané úspechy môžu javiť akosi lineárne, jasné, „učebnicové“, a tým pádom aj vzdialené. V tomto príspevku chcem po analýze dostupných prameňov zdôrazniť, že to nebolo také jednoznačné a Alexander sa musel vo svojom domácom zázemí na diaľku, 7 VOJENSKÁ HISTÓRIA najmä prostredníctvom svojho inak schopného regenta Antipatra, konfrontovať s neľahkou situáciou, keďže spartský kráľ Ágis III. proti macedónskej nadvláde zosnoval vzburu. To bol však len vrchol udalostí odvíjajúcich sa od Alexandrovho rýchleho postupu pobrežím a vnútrozemím Malej Ázie – Peržania a Gréci, ktorí s Peržanmi kolaborovali, pripravili Alexandrovi a jeho silám výrazné prekážky. Význam Ágidovej vzbury zdôraznil najmä Ernst Badian a na jeho štúdiu o osobnosti a odboji tohto spartského kráľa nadviazali
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