EXTINCT & THREATENED

confirm whether it occurs in . Possibly known Distribution: West AMARANTHACEAE only from the type. Grows in Brachystegia woodland and edges of dry Brachystegia boehmii margins. Celosia richardsiae C.C.Towns. Erythrocephalum albiflorum Wild Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic? CAMPANULACEAE Distribution: North Distribution: West Type is from Mweru Wantipa. Known from a steep area In Brachystegia and mixed deciduous woodland. Type is Wahlenbergia ramossima (Hemsl.) Thulin subsp. near moisture. Collected at an altitude of 1,000 m. from Solwezi. Known only from western and richardsiae Thulin possibly from . Very conspicuous. Is an erect Status: VU D2 suffrutex. Endemism: Endemic ANNONACEAE Distribution: North Gutenbergia mweroensis Wild & G.V.Pope Damp grassland or sandy soil. Type from Mbala by Uvaria edulis N.Robson Status: VU D2 Richards. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Distribution: West Distribution: North Type from River north of Kaleni Hill Mission. In a sandy area on the lake foreshore in swampy and CAPPARACEAE Possibly known only from the type. rocky places. Maerua paniculata Wild Gutenbergia spermacoceoides Wild Status: VU B1B2cD2 APIACEAE Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Distribution: North Type is from Itigi thicket, Chishela Chikuku. Aframmi longiradiatum (H.Wolff) Cannon Type is from Mungwi (). Sandy soils Status: VU D2 often in pan-like depressions. Known only from the Endemism: Near-endemic? northern region of Zambia. One specimen from western COLCHICACEAE Distribution: North Tanzania in the same habitat. Type from DRC. Gloriosa sessiliflora Nordal & Bingham Gutenbergia trifolia Wild & G.V.Pope Status: VU D2 Frommia ceratophylloides H.Wolff Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic? Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Barotseland Distribution: East Distribution: West Known from a single population at the type locality. High montane endemic. Very characteristic looking Collected in shallow peaty soil near a waterhole. Known Many individuals are reported to be known from this . Stands 1 m tall. only from the type. locality. Found on floodplain termite mounds and sandbanks with riverine forest. Difficult to find, under Pleiotaxis oxylepis Jeffrey Syzygium forest. Apparently also a site photo from APOCYNACEAE Status: VU D2 Namibia, presumably from Caprivi, in the linear dune Endemism: Near-endemic systems of the Kalahari dunes. Found on elevated parts Adenium multiflorum Klotzsch Distribution: North of the Balozi Plain. Status: VU D1D2 Miombo woodland often on steep slopes. Type is from Occurs northwards to East Africa. Sometimes varietal Kalambo Falls, collected there twice. Also known from status is used, but this is not the case in Zambia. Tanzania. Narrow distribution range. COMBRETACEAE

Strophanthus eminii Aschers. & Pax Vernonia isoetifolia Wild Combretum mweroense Baker Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Near-endemic? Endemic to the Itigi thicket. Type is from Tanzania. Has Distribution: North Distribution: North very large conspicuous leaves. Moist sandy grassland. Type from Kambole-Mbala Road. Semi-deciduous thicket in Chipya thicket (degraded Itigi Known only from around Mbala. that has been burnt). Scrambler in scrub. Possibly occurs in Tanzania and DRC. ARALIACEAE Vernonia mutimushii Wild Status: VU D2 Meiostemon tetrandrus (Exell) Exell & Stace Schefflera abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Harms Endemism: Endemic subsp. australis Exell Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Status: VU B1B2c Distribution: North Slightly moist dambos. Type is from Manchele. Distribution: South Habitat is near waterfall sprays. It is an epiphyte Dense, low altitude deciduous thicket where Acacia is occurring in small localities. Species has the potential Vernonia najas Wild dominant. In Zambia, known from game ranches and to be exploited because it is a popular horticultural Status: VU D2 National Parks where it is said to be threatened by plant. Well-represented in East Africa. Endemism: Endemic? elephants. Also recorded from and Distribution: West . Sandy watershed grassland. Type from Mwinilunga, 18 ASPHODELACEAE km east of Kaleni Hill. Possibly known only from Meiostemon tetrandrus (Exell) Exell & Stace Zambia. subsp. tetrandrus Aloe excelsa Berger Status: VU B1B2c Status: VU D2 Vernonia zambiana G.V.Pope Distribution: North

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA Distribution: South Status: VU D2 In Itigi thicket, probably as widespread as Itigi thicket. Only one disjunct locality in Zambia (from a rocky Endemism: Endemic? Shallow sand covering granite. Extremely leached and gorge), but widespread in Zimbabwe. Well-represented Distribution: North infertile sands. Type is from Allan in Mwera Antipa. outside Zambia. Brachystegia woodland often in sandy soil. Type from Apparently also recorded in East Africa. Chishimba Falls in Kasama District. Possibly a Zambian endemic. CONNARACEAE

Ageratinastrum palustre Wild & G.V.Pope BORAGINACEAE Burttia prunoides Baker f. & Exell Status: VU D2 Status: VU B1B2c Endemism: Endemic? Cystostemon hispidissimus (S.Moore) Miller & Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: North Riedl subsp. zambiensis Miller & Riedl Distribution: North Swampy or dambo areas with tall grasses. Altitude of Status: VU D2 An endemic to Itigi thicket in northern Zambia. 1,350 m. Type from Ndunda Swamp, Mbala. Cannot Endemism: Endemic

140 EXTINCT & THREATENED Miombo woodland, very inconspicuous, easily that forms almost monospecific stands. Is used in the CONVOLVULACEAE overlooked. Occurs in a variety of habitats. Also on building industry. limestone areas not likely to be cultivated. Is endemic Ipomoea richardsiae Verdc. to a small area in and , where it is Baikiaea plurijuga Harms Status: VU D2 fairly common (60 km north of Lusaka). Status: VU A1acd Endemism: Endemic Wide distribution but threatened due to heavy logging Distribution: West Monadenium hirsutum Bally of the species. In woodland on rock outcrops. Altitude of 1,200– Status: VU D2 1,300 m. Type is from Kalenda Village in Mwinilunga. In miombo woodland. Baphia speciosa Gillett & Brumm. Apparently not known from elsewhere. Status: VU D2 Monadenium pseudoracemosum Bally var. Endemism: Endemic lorifolium Bally Distribution: North CUCURBITACEAE Status: VU D2 Conspicuous 7 m tall tree. Itigi thicket mosaic of Source: IUCN TPC (1981). grassland and scrub. Cucumis humifructus Stent Status: VU D2 Monadenium pudibundum Bally var. pudibundum Bussea massaiensis (Taub.) Harms subsp. Distribution: North, Barotseland Bally rhodesica Brenan In swamp forests but also reported on Kalahari sands Monadenium simplex-Pax var. pudibundum (P.R.O.Bally) Status: VU B1B2c which needs verification. P.R.O.Bally Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: VU D2 An endemic to Itigi thicket in northern Zambia. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: West Crotalaria criniramea Bakerf. ex Polhill Type from Mwinilunga. Status: VU D2 Clutia whytei Hutch. var. monticoloides Radcl.-Sm. Endemism: Endemic Status: VU D2 Tragia micromeres Radcl.-Sm. Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic Status: VU From a well-collected area. Altitude 1,300–1,500 m Distribution: North Distribution: North Known only from this area. Higher rainfall plateau Disturbed by human settlements. Type from Lake Crotalaria simoma Polhill grassland. on fixed dunes. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic? Croton scheffleri Pax Tragia prostrata Radcl.-Sm. Distribution: North Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 It was collected twice at the same locality. This is not a Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic well-collected species. Distribution: North debilispina L.C.Leach Known only from the type locality. Higher rainfall Crotalaria trinervia Polhill Status: EN B1B2C miombo, chipya and tall grassland. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Central Tragiella friesiana (Prain) Pax & Hoffm. Distribution: North,West Known only from limestone outcrops (small area of Status: VU D2 First collected in Mwinilunga, a well-collected area. endemism). Quarrying and urban expansion have Endemism: Endemic Brachystegia woodland. resulted in habitat loss. Distribution: North Type from . Higher rainfall miombo Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. Euphorbia distinctissima L.C.Leach woodland. Status: VU A1d Status: VU D2 Distribution: Central/East Endemism: Endemic Widespread in Zambia. Unhealthy populations in Distribution: North Luangwa. Also recorded from Angola, , Central African Republic, DRC, Ethiopia, , Malawi, Mali, Euphorbia fanshawei L.C.Leach Aeschynomene lateriticola Verdc. Mozambique, Namibia and others. Status: VU Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Daniellia alsteeniana Duvign. Distribution: North Distribution: West Status: EN A1acd Reported to be rare. Known only from the type in Mwinilunga (collected in Distribution: North 1938 by Milne-Redhead). Is a perennial prostrate herb. Grows in dry evergreen forest and high quality miombo Euphorbia perplexa L.C.Leach var. kasamana Found in open grassland, overlaying lateritic soil. woodland (deep soil miombo woodland). Used for L.C.Leach canoes. Large numbers are being cut down in Status: VU D2 Aeschynomene stipulosa Verdc. Mporokoso. Many sites have been extirpated. Endemism: Endemic? Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Droogmansia pteropus (Baker) De Wild. var. Distribution: West axillaris Verdc. Euphorbia speciosa L.C.Leach Is a perennial prostrate herb, known only from the type Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 locality in Mwinilunga (on a river bank), collected by Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Milne-Redhead (1937). Brachystegia woodland species. Distribution: North Distribution: North Possibly known only from the type. It is recorded from two collections in Mbala (two localities in close proximity to each other). Species

Jatropha seineri Pax var. tomentella Radcl.-Sm. Aeschynomene venulosa Verdc. var. grandis Verdc. grows in grassland and open dambos. ZAMBIA Status: EN B1B2C Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Humularia kapiriensis (De Wild.) Duvign. var. Distribution: Central, South Distribution: North repens Verdc. Soils derived from carbonate rocks. Known only from Mbala from two specimens. Both were Status: VU D2 collected by Richards along a 200 m gradient, at Endemism: Endemic Monadenium discoideum Bally different times. Woodland and short grassland species. Distribution: West Status: VU D2 Collected twice in Mwinilunga in 1960 (Robinson) and 1969 Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Afzelia bipindensis Harms (Tronche). A conspicuous plant although it is prostrate. The Status: VU D2 habitat is dry, sandy plateau grassland at 1,500 m. Monadenium filiforme (Bally) S.Carter var. Distribution: West filiforme Apparently known only from one locality in Zambia Humularia minima (Hutch) Duvign. subsp. Status: VU D2 (Mwinilunga). Widespread in West Africa. Commonly flabelliformis (Duvign.) Verdc. Distribution: North used as a timber tree. Status: VU D2 Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Endemism: Endemic Aphanocalyx trapnellii (J.Léonard) Wieringa Distribution: North Monadenium friesii N.E.Br. Status: VU D2 Known only from the type locality, was never recorded Status: VU B1B2c Endemism: Endemic there again despite the area being fairly well-collected. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North It could be that it is very rare. Distribution: Central Known only from a small area. It is a medium-sized tree

EXTINCT & THREATENED 141 Humularia minima (Hutch) Duvign. subsp. Endemism: Near-endemic C.C.Berg minima Distribution: South Status: VU C2a Status: VU D2 Edges of rainforest and at the end of the spray zone of Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic waterfalls. The type collection is from an island in Zambia is the only country in the Flora zambesiaca Distribution: North, West Victoria Falls, between Zambia and Zimbabwe. It is region where it is found in evergreen, riverine habitats. Collected by Milne-Redhead (1930s). Found in Mbala known to be uncommon. This species is known only from Samfya on Lake (collected by Burtt in 1936). Mainly Brachystegia Bangweulu in isolated, evergreen forests. woodland in Kalahari sand. Faroa corniculata P.Taylor Status: VU D2 Ficus usambarensis Warb. Humularia pseudaeschynomene Verdc. Endemism: Endemic Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Rock crevices at altitude of about 1,500 m. There is an isolated occurrence from the main centre in Distribution: West Usambara (Tanzania). Big, conspicuous tree found in Well-collected area. Watershed grassland on Kalahari Sebaea perpusilla Paiva & Nogueira disturbed woodland. sand. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Milicia excelsa (Welw.) Berg Indigofera emarginella Steud. ex A.Rich. var. Distribution: Barotseland, West Status: CR C2b longefoliolata Gillett Collected in a wet dambo. Type from Sinkabola Dambo Distribution: North Status: VU D2 in Mwinilunga. Possibly known only from the type. Can grow up to 20–50 m tall. It is a tropical African Endemism: Endemic consisting of two species. Commonly called eroco Distribution: North timber. It is a highly desirable, high-value timber Type is from Mbala. Open woodland or bush amongst species. Appeared in previous RDLs as globally LR-nt. grass. Heavily utilised in Zambia. Curculigo multiflora Zimudzi Kotschya africana Endl. var. latifoliola Verdc. Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic MYRSINACEAE Endemism: Near-endemic Distribution: West Distribution: East This species is known only from the type locality. It is Embelia upembensis Taton Type is from near the top of Kagampande Mountain. larger than . Status: VU B1B2c Grows up to 6 m tall. Conspicuously glandular and Distribution: South sticky. Also known from Malawi. Hypoxis dregei (Baker) Nel. Grows in Brachystegia woodland. Also known from DRC. Status: VU A2cd Kotschya longiloba Verdc. Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: VU D2 Distribution: North, West OLEACEAE Endemism: Endemic Wide distribution. Distribution: North Chionanthus richardsiae Stearn The type was collected in 1950. Habitat is floodplains Hypoxis fischeri Pax Status: VU A1a in wet black soils. Status: EN A2cd Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North Kotschya suberifera Verdc. Distribution: West Grows in sandy and stony soils. Status: VU D2 Sandy open places and miombo woodland. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: West Hypoxis goetzei Harms ORCHIDACEAE Known only from Kaleni Hill which has been well- Status: EN A2cd collected. The species has been described as being Distribution: East, West, Central Brachycorythis conica (Summerh.) Summerh. subsp. dominant over a small area. Shrub of 2 m. Plateau woodland and dambo margins. longilabris Summerh. Status: VU D2 Ophrestia breviracemosa Verdc. Hypoxis iridifolia Baker Endemism: Endemic? Status: VU D2 Status: VU A2cd Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Grassy savanna and in dry sandy dambos. Fusiform Distribution: West Distribution: Barotseland, Central, West tubers. Altitude of 1,300–1,400 m. Type is from In Uapaca woodland at altitude of 1,500 m. Known Habitat is sandplain and miombo woodland. Mwinilunga by Milne-Redhead. Possibly found outside only from the collection of Drummond & Williamson Zambia but this cannot be confirmed. 9307 (1969). Hypoxis villosa L.f. Status: VU A2cd Disa nyikensis H.P.Linder Pseudoprosopis fischeri (Taub.) Harms Distribution: Central, Barotseland, North Status: VU D2 Status: VU B1B2c Endemism: Near-endemic? Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: East Distribution: North IRIDACEAE Grows in montane grasslands at 2,500 m. Recorded Itigi thicket endemic. An important constituent in from Malawi. dense thicket. Altitude of 760–1,000 m. Habitat under Gladiolus serenjensis Goldblatt threat. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Status: VU D2 Disa roeperocharoides Kraenzl. Endemism: Endemic? Status: VU D2 Tephrosia kasikiensis Bakerf. subsp. chinsaliana Distribution: Central, North Distribution: Central, West Brummitt On rocky outcrops and on thin soils in rock crevices. In Found in dambo grasslands but rarely from Status: VU D2 hill country. Restricted to a small area. Known from two Brachystegia woodland. It is found in a variety of Endemism: Endemic cited collections in Zambia. habitats. Probably used for chikanda. Wide distribution Distribution: North range. Also known from DRC. Specimen was collected along a shady riverine habitat.

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA The type is from Shiwa Ngandu. MELASTOMATACEAE Disa ukingensis Schltr. Status: VU D2 Vigna comosa Baker subsp. abercornensis Verdc. Memecylon zambeziense A. & R.Fern. Distribution: East Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Montane short dry grassland. Altitude 2,100–2,800 m. Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic? Wide distribution. Distribution: North Distribution: North In rocky places, altitude 1,200–2,000 m. Type from Only from Zambia in gallery forests along the Zambezi. Disperis aphylla Kraenzl. subsp. bifolia Verdc. Mbala on the path to the Inono Source (collected by Fairly conspicuous shrub of 4 m. Type from Mwinilunga Status: VU D2 Richards). Narrow distribution range. District collected by Angus. Distribution: East In leaf litter in deep shade in evergreen forest. Probably overlooked as it is a small plant. GENTIANACEAE MORACEAE Disperis bifida P.J.Cribb Canscora kirkii N.E.Br. Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. subsp. welwitschii Status: CR B1B2c Status: VU D2 (Engl.) C.C.Berg var. usambarensis (Engl.) Endemism: Endemic

142 EXTINCT & THREATENED Distribution: East Satyrium shirense Rolfe Distribution: East, North In a small forest patch, near Rest House (Nyika Status: VU A2d Altitude of 2,070–2,240 m. Known from the Zambia- Plateau). Probably overlooked as it is a small plant. Distribution: East Nyika and the Mafingas. Originally endemic to Malawi. In montane grasslands, rocky hillsides and seepage Habenaria hebes la Croix & P.J.Cribb slopes. Altitude of 1,750–2,500 m. Type from the Shire Protea kibarensis Hauman subsp. cuspidata Status: EN A2dB1B2e Highlands in Malawi. Widely distributed. Small, slender (Beard) Chisumpa & Brummitt Endemism: Endemic . White flowers. Very common and ubiquitous. Status: VU D2 Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic? Seasonally damp grassland (on sandy plateau Distribution: North grassland). Probably used as chikanda. Upper Brachystegia woodland and mountain grasslands OXALIDACEAE of 1,800–2,000 m. Type from Mountains above Habenaria pasmithii G.Will. Chisenga. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Status: VU D2 Biophytum nyikense Exell Distribution: West Status: VU D2 Water meadows of slow flowing water 60 cm deep. Endemism: Endemic RHIZOPHORACEAE Grows with sedges and aquatic herbs. Found on Kalahari Distribution: East sands.Type from Okavango in Botswana. Known from Upland grassland, altitude up to 2,450 m. Type is from Cassipourea fanshawei Torre & Gonç. only two collections. Probably more common than the Nyika Plateau (Zambia). Known from a very small Status: VU D2 currently known. area on the Nyika in Zambia. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Habenaria pubidens P.J.Cribb Biophytum richardsiae Exell Only known from the type collection. The site is Status: VU A2c Status: VU D2 ungazetteered. The species grows in thickets. Endemism: Near-endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: East Distribution: North Deep shade in evergreen forest. Altitude of 1,700– On cliff ledges. Type from the Saisi (a basin on its own) 2,050 m in inaccessible areas. Forms colonies. Used on by Richards. Apparently known only from the type. both sides of the border (also known from Malawi). Coffea mufindiensis Hutch. ex Bridson subsp. Narrow distribution range. Big tubers. Probably used as lundaziensis Bridson chikanda. PASSIFLORACEAE Status: VU D2 Endemism: Near-endemic? Habenaria tubifolia la Croix & P.J.Cribb Adenia erecta De Wilde Distribution: East Status: EN A2dB1B2e Status: VU D2 The species grows in forest undergrowth and forest Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? fringes at altitudes of 2,050–2,300 m. Also found in Distribution: North Distribution: West Tanzania. Open bush with Uapaca trees in a commercial farming Type is from the Mujileshi River (Mwinilunga). Found in area (mostly now abandoned land). Only known from grassland at the edge of rivers and in Brachystegia Fadogia chlorantha K.Schum. the type specimen. Probably used as chikanda. woodland. Possibly occurs in Angola. No further Status: VU D2 information available. Endemism: Near-endemic? Holothrix tridactylites Summerh. Distribution: Barotseland, West Status: VU D2 Adenia tuberifera R.E.Fr. Sandy plains at edges of Cryptosepalum woodlands, Distribution: East Status: VU D2 Kalahari sand species at 1,200 m altitude. Grassy plains Dry montane grassland, usually recently burnt. Altitude Endemism: Endemic? and Baikiaea woodland. Also recorded in Angola. 2,050–2,300 m. Probably overlooked. Distribution: North Type from Kalambo Falls. Apparently known only from Fadogia schmitzii Verdc. Malaxis katangensis Summerh. var. pygmaea here. In open woodland and stony places in dry forests. Status: VU D2 (Summerh.) P.J.Cribb Distribution: West Status: VU D2 Cryptosepalum–Brachystegia woodland in Kalahari Endemism: Near-endemic? POACEAE sand, 1,200 m. Type is from Mwinilunga collected by Distribution: West Milne-Redhead. Is a suffrutex of height 35–50 cm. Also Found in woodland. Only one citation in Flora Eragrostis punctiglandulosa Cope recorded from DRC. zambesiaca, Mwinilunga (1938) by Milne-Readhead. Status: VU D2 Probably used as chikanda. Probably overlooked because Endemism: Endemic Fadogia variifolia Robyns of size. Distribution: South Status: VU D2 Grows in heavy black clay soils (the whole of the Endemism: Endemic? Platycoryne brevirostris Summerh. Flats). Kafue is succumbing to habitat degradation. The Distribution: West Status: VU D2 type is from , along the . Is Found in open sandy ground on plain and woodland Endemism: Near-endemic a Kafue Flats endemic. edges. Should have been collected again (common?). Distribution: West Dambos and granite outcrops over marshy ground over Oreobambos buchwaldii K.Schum. Hallea stipulosa (DC.) Leroy laterite or rock. Kalenda Dambo (Mwinilunga) is the Status: CR A1acdB1B2ceB3d Status: VU A1cd type locality. Also in Angola. Distribution: North Distribution: Central, North Grows in mist forests. Has been extensively over- Found in swamp forest, fringing woodlands of streams Satyrium microcorys Schltr. utilised. Is known from a few localities, but appears to and lakes. Alternative genus name: Metrogyna. Locally Status: VU A2dD2 be extinct at most of the sites. Recent surveys have called ‘mupa’ (Bemba name). Timber tree of high

Distribution: East failed to find it in the Mbala area. The species has been rainfall areas. Also recorded in Angola, Cameroon, ZAMBIA Montane grassland, usually amongst rocks in seepage observed in cultivation. Central African Republic, DRC, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, areas. Altitude of 1,900–2,300 m. Type from Tanzania. Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and others. Very large tubers. POLYGALACEAE Oldenlandia geophila Bremek. Satyrium monadenum Schltr. Status: VU D2 Status: VU A2dD2 Securidaca welwitschii Oliv. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: East Status: VU B1B2C Distribution: West Habitat is wet montane grassland usually in wetter Distribution: West Sandy dambos margins and drainage banks. Type from areas. Altitude more than 2,100 m. The species Evergreen riparian forests. Habitat type is threatened. Mfulira. sometimes forms large colonies. Type from Tanzania. The tree is used for medicinal (aspirin) and cosmetic Definitely used as chikanda, based on the size of the purposes. Known from West and East Africa. Pavetta johnstonii Bremek. subsp. breviloba tuber. Bridson Status: VU B1B2bD2 Satyrium princeae Kraenzl. PROTEACEAE Distribution: North Status: VU D2 Also known from Tanzania. Distribution: East Protea caffra Friis subsp. mafingensis Chisumpa & Found in montane grassland, usually in wetter areas, at Brummitt Pavetta redheadii Bremek. an altitude of 1,900–2,400 m. Type from Tanzania. Status: VU D2 Status: VU B1B2cD2 Endemism: Near-endemic Endemism: Endemic?

EXTINCT & THREATENED 143 Distribution: West Spermacoce perennis Verdc. var. perennis Endemism: Endemic? Evergreen vegetation, riparian thicket and woodland. Status: VU D2 Distribution: West Altitude of 1,230 m. Type from the . Forest Distribution: North Woodlands, roadsides and stony areas in and bordering has been drastically transformed for banana and Dambos and bushland on sandy soil. Type collected in gorges. Type from Gorge, collected by sugarcane plantations. Not known whether it is endemic Luwingu by Jelf (1922). Robinson. to Zambia. Crepidorhopalon tenuifolius (Philcox) Fischer Pavetta subumbellata Bremek. var. subumbellata RUTACEAE Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Distribution: North Distribution: East Vepris termitaria Mendonça Bogs, swamps and marshy grounds. Altitude of 1,250– Forest patches at altitude of 1,750–2,285 m. Type from Status: VU B1B2cD2 1,550 m. Type is from Chilongowelo. Tanzania. Distribution: West On termite mounds in woodland. An evergreen shrub or Micrargeriella aphylla R.E.Fr. Pentanisia confertifolia (Baker) Verdc. small tree up to 3 m. Type is from Kitwe; collected by Status: VU D2 Status: VU D2 Fanshawe. Not common and not in dense stands. Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Distribution scattered. Distribution: North Distribution: North Swamps and dambos, altitude of 1,290–1,525 m. Type Coarse grassland and Brachystegia woodland, from Kawendimusi. sometimes amongst boulders on sandy ground and also SAMYDACEAE in old cultivations. Altitude of 1,500–1,650 m. All Stemodiopsis glandulosa Philcox collections within a very small area. Type from Lake Homalium molle Stapf Status: VU D2 Tanganyika (Fwambo) collected by Carson. Possibly also Status: VU D2 Distribution: Central in Tanzania. Distribution: North Grows on rock faces and crevices at an altitude of Type is from from Kunkuta in . In 1,280 m. Type from collected by Fanshawe. Psychotria mwinilungae Verdc. forest margins and forest patches. Unable to confirm Known only from a small area in Zambia. Status: VU D2 whether it is endemic to Zambia. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: West SELAGINELLACEAE Riverine forest endemic, altitude of 1,300 m. Type is SCROPHULARIACEAE from Mwinilunga on the West Lunga River (collected in Selaginella imbricata (Forssk.) Spring ex Decne. 1975). Should have been found there again. Is a sub- Buchnera chisumpae Philcox Status: VU D2 shrub. Habitat is threatened. Status: VU D2 Scarce in southern Africa; always occurs on basalt. Endemism: Endemic Psydrax whitei Bridson Distribution: North Status: VU D2 Grows amongst rocks in dry sandy areas at altitudes of TURNERACEAE Endemism: Near-endemic? 1,260–1,750 m. There are several localities in Kasama. Distribution: North, East Streptopetalum luteoglandulosum R.Fern. Evergreen rainforest and forest margins, on rocky Buchnera cryptocephala (Baker) Philcox var. Status: VU D2 outcrops in submontane grasslands. Altitude of 2,100– mwinilungensis Philcox Endemism: Endemic 2,300 m. Type is from Malawi-Nyika Plateau. In Zambia Status: VU D2 Distribution: North the known localities are in close proximity to each other Distribution: West Grassland on sandy soils. Type is from by (highlands). Habitat is Brachystegia woodland. The species was last Richards. collected in 1960. Also recorded in DRC. Rytigynia adenodonta (K.Schum.) Robyns subsp. adenodonta Buchnera ebracteolata Philcox VITACEAE Status: VU B1B2b Status: VU D2 Distribution: North, Central Endemism: Endemic Cyphostemma abercornense Wild & R.B.Drumm. Severely fragmented habitats. Distribution: North Status: VU D2 Habitat of the species is open grassland and woodland Endemism: Endemic Rytigynia adenodonta (K.Schum.) Robyns subsp. at altitudes of 1,750–2,500 m. Found in large Distribution: North reticulata (Robyns) Verdc. quantities in Chilongowelo. Habitat is rocky hills. Represented only by two Status: VU B1B2b collections. Distribution: East Buchnera nervosa Philcox Only one record in Zambia at an altitude of 1,177– Status: VU D2 Cyphostemma rotundistipulatum Wild & 2,000 m. Endemism: Endemic R.B.Drumm. Distribution: North Status: VU D2 Spermacoce annua Verdc. Grows in dambos in sandy areas where it is common. Endemism: Endemic Status: VU D2 Also known from semi-open woodland. Occurs at an Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic? altitude of about 1,300 m. Grows in Brachystegia woodland in sandy soils. A Distribution: West specimen has been collected from a termite mound in Dry dambos, damp soil on rocky outcrops. Altitude of Crepidorhopalon involucratus (Philcox) Fischer the middle of a marsh. 1,500 m. Type is from near Kaleni Hill in Mwinilunga by Status: VU D2 Robinson. Possibly known only from the type.

Spermacoce bangweolensis (R.E.Fr.) Verdc. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Found on bare soil amongst grass clumps. Almost

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA certainly a dune species. Type from Lake Bangweulu. Found on both sides of the lake. Sub-shrub up to 50 cm tall. Habitat disturbed due to the development of the fishing industry.

Spermacoce perennis Verdc. var. fimbriolata Verdc. Status: VU D2 Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Dambos and bushland on sandy soil. Type from Luwingu (Chishinga Ranch) by Astle (1961). Same habitat as Spermacoce perennis Verdc. var. perennis.

Participants of the RDL Workshop held in Lusaka. (Photo: J.S. Golding)

144 EXTINCT & THREATENED LOWER RISK

Miombo and Guibourtia–Baikiaea woodland on Kalahari AMARANTHACEAE BALSAMINACEAE sand. Altitude of 1,000–1,250 m. Also known from Angola. Pandiaka confusa C.C.Towns. Impatiens limnophila Launert Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Phyllanthus polyanthus Pax Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Type is from Mwinilunga just south of Matonchi Farm. Distribution: North Distribution: Central, West Also recorded from Angola. In wet places in swamps, in mud on river banks. Type Habitat severely reduced. Dry evergreen forest and from Mbala collected by Weelan. Flower colour pale thicket patches. Well-represented outside Zambia. Pandiaka richardsiae Suess. mauve or pink. It has great range of variability in its Apparently also recorded in . Status: LR-lc vegetative stages. A prostrate plant. Endemism: Endemic Phyllanthus tenuis Radcl.-Sm. Distribution: North Status: LR-lc In damp sandy ground, along dambos or in short grass CAPPARACEAE Endemism: Endemic under Uapaca or Protea stands. Distribution: North Boscia cauliflora Wild Type from Mbala District where it is locally common. Status: LR-lc Sandy soil among rocks and wet grassland. ANACARDIACEAE Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Phyllanthus zambicus Radcl.-Sm. Lannea virgata R. & A.Fern. Termite mounds in Brachystegia woodland. Type is from Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Mwinilunga collected by Milne-Redhead in 1938. Distribution: Central, North Endemism: Endemic Taxonomically possibly sunk. Type from Zambia, Kafue National Park (Chunga). Distribution: West, Barotseland Floodplain grassland and mopane woodland. Woodlands, sometimes near dambos and on termite Cleome macrophylla (Klotzsch) Briq. mounds. Type from by Fanshawe. Very wide Status: LR-nt distribution. Distribution: Central, South FABACEAE This is a mid-Zambezi endemic which occurs on Kalahari Ozoroa kassneri (Engl. & v.Brehm.) R. & A.Fern. soils. Small, discrete pockets of distribution. Grazing by Aeschynomene pseudoglabrescens Verdc. var. rhodesica R. & A.Fern. cattle a threat. Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North, West Distribution: Central, North CLUSIACEAE Collected in Kasama by Richards. The two known Type is from Ndunda in Mbala by Richards. localities are very far apart, and the species has Garcinia pachyclada N.Robson probably been overlooked. Habitat is Brachystegia Rhus longipes Engl. var. schinoides R.Fern. Status: LR-lc woodland at 1,200 m. Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North Brachystegia puberula Burtt Davy & Hutch. Distribution: North Widespread on plateau woodland on sandy soil. Status: LR-lc Brachystegia woodland and by streams. Type is from 13 Distribution: West km northwest of Mbala. Known only from the type Has been overlooked. Common and widespread. collection. CONVOLVULACEAE africana Lour. Ipomoea fanshawei Verdc. Status: LR-lc APOCYNACEAE Status: LR-lc Distribution: Central/East, North, South Distribution: Barotseland In small numbers in Luangwa mostly as mature trees Strophanthus angusii F.White Woodlands, dambo margins and open sand habitats. (one individual every 2–3 km). The species is common Status: LR-lc Altitude of 1,097 m. Apparently also recorded from throughout the rest of Zambia, and its habitat is not Distribution: Barotseland, West Botswana. severely disturbed. Habitat at edge of dambo in Kalahari sand. Type from Chikundulu Stream in . Is a Crotalaria umbellifera R.E.Fr. suffrutex. Reasonably widespread. EUPHORBIACEAE Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Croton longipedicellatus Léonard var. Distribution: North, West ASCLEPIADACEAE brevipedicellatus Radcl.-Sm. Widespread. Status: LR-nt Stapelia gigantea N.E.Br. Endemism: Near-endemic? Dialium angolense Welw. ex Oliv. Status: LR-nt Distribution: North, West Status: LR-lc Distribution: Central Seldom collected. Type from Lake Mweru. Possibly also Distribution: Central, North, West Widely distributed outside Zambia. in Angola. Widespread in Zambia. Grows as part of mateshe forest,

associated with Itigi thicket. Found in riverine fringes. ZAMBIA Croton polytrichus Pax subsp. brachystachys ASTERACEAE Radcl.-Sm. Kotschya prittwitzii (Harms) Verdc. var. parviflora Status: LR-lc Verdc. Vernonia mushituensis Wild Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Distribution: North, South, West Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? In dry thicket. Distribution: North, West Distribution: North It probably has a much wider distribution than Mushitu forest margins. Type from Chilongowelo. Wind- Phyllanthus caespitosus Brenan currently known. The type is from , collected dispersed seed. Possibly endemic to Zambia. Status: LR-lc by Fanshawe. Riverside Brachystegia woodland. Endemism: Endemic? Vernonia tanganyikensis R.E.Fr. Distribution: North, West Tephrosia coronilloides Welw. ex Baker Status: LR-lc Pyrophyte. Type from Kasama. Plateau miombo Status: LR-lc Distribution: North woodland. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Distribution: South Miombo woodland. Type from . Also It is recorded from sandy places on Kalahari sand. Type known from East Africa. Phyllanthus microdendron Welw. ex Mull.Arg. var. from Angola. Widespread. There are probably several asper Radcl.-Sm. more localities because the habitat is extensive. Status: LR-lc Distribution: Barotseland, West Last specimen cited was in 1975. Type from Kitwe.

LOWER RISK 145 Tephrosia richardsiae Gillett subsp. erucifera Dissotis simonis-jamesii Buscal. & Muschl. Widespread. Type from , 50 km south of Brummitt Status: LR-lc Mporokoso near the . Also known from Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Malawi. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Distribution: North The species was collected at Lake Bengweulu up to Habenaria humilior Rchb.f. Rocky plateau woodland, a common habitat. Occurs on Mbala. It is known only from swamps in northern Status: LR-nt rocky hills in undisturbed areas. Widespread along the Zambia. The range covers a wide area. Habitats are not Distribution: Central, South, East Great North Road. under threat. Altitude of 1,900–2,200 m in grassy dambos.

Habenaria leucotricha Schltr. var. reticalcar la GENTIANACEAE MELIACEAE Croix Status: LR-nt Exacum oldenlandioides (S.Moore) Klackenb. Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC. Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-nt Status: LR-nt Distribution: West, North, Central, East Habitat is along streams and river banks. Widespread. Known from gorges. Wide distribution, only on Kalahari Woodland on stony ground. Has a vast habitat range. Well-represented outside Zambia. sand of the Western Province. Riparian and chipya Probably used as chikanda. forests. Popular as a cultivated tree. Also known from Angola, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, DRC, Ghana and others. Habenaria velutina Summerh. GESNERIACEAE Status: LR-nt Turraea zambesica Sprague & Hutch. ex Hutch. Endemism: Endemic Streptocarpus aff. michelmorei Hilliard & Status: LR-nt Distribution: Central, North B.L.Burrt Distribution: West In grassland often near streams. Widespread distribu- Status: LR-lc tion. Common habitat. Probably used as chikanda. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Central, West MENYANTHACEAE Nervilia bicarinata (Bl.) Schltr. Found in deep gorges and inaccessible areas. Known Status: LR-lc from several localities. Characterised by its unifoliate Nymphoides tenuissima A.Raynal Distribution: North, Central, South leaves. Similar-looking taxon in Malawi (Viphya). Status: LR-lc Riverine forest. Not harvested. Also in Senegal, Yemen, Known from the specimens of Mutimushi 3335 (1965) Distribution: North Ethiopia, Rwanda, Tanzania, DRC and West Africa, and Williamson 1727 (1969). Temporary pools, altitude of 900–1,200 m. Also known Nigeria, Central African Republic, , from DRC. Mascarenes, Comores and so forth.

HYPOXIDACEAE Platycoryne isoetifolia P.J.Cribb MORACEAE Status: LR-nt Curculigo pilosa (Schum. & Thonn.) Engl. Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Ficus ottoniifolia (Miq.) Miq. subsp. macrosyce Distribution: North, East Endemism: Endemic Berg Wet and dry dambos, altitude of 1,350 m. Does not Distribution: Central, North, South Status: LR-lc seem to be used as chikanda because it has small It grows amongst rocks, crevices and in dambos. It is Extremely widespread. Habitat in riverine forests in tubers. Type from Shiwa Ngandu. probably used for its medicinal properties as an rocky gorges; on rocks in rapids and in swamp forest alternative to African Potato. mushitu. Platycoryne latipetala Summerh. Status: LR-lc Morus mesozygia Stapf ex A.Chev. Endemism: Near-endemic IRIDACEAE Status: LR-nt Distribution: West Distribution: North, East Wet peaty swamps, altitude of 1,200–1,400 m. Type Moraea brevifolia Goldblatt This is the only African species in the genus. It grows from Sinkabolo in Mwinilunga. Also in DRC. Status: LR-lc up to 40 m tall. It is not known whether this species is Endemism: Endemic endemic to Zambia. Not common. Wide distribution in Platycoryne micrantha Summerh. Distribution: North, West Zambia and other countries. Status: LR-lc Marshy habitats. The type is Lumangwe Falls in Endemism: Near-endemic Mporokoso District. Distribution: West ORCHIDACEAE Marshy grassland. Type from Mwinilunga, west of Dobeka Bridge. Also recorded in Angola. LOBELIACEAE Brachycorythis pilosa Summerh. Status: LR-lc Platycoryne proteatrum (Rchb.f.) Rolfe var. Monopsis stellarioides (Presl) Urb. Distribution: North, West recurvirostrum G.Will. Status: LR-lc Scrub and woody grassland and swamp. Type from Status: LR-nt Distribution: North Tanzania. Widespread. Endemism: Endemic? Widespread. Habitat in Lumangwe is about to be Distribution: North destroyed because of the development of a hydroelectric Disa dichroa Summerh. Low-lying black soils of peaty dambos and swamps. scheme. Status: LR-lc Locally dominant and widespread. Like an epiphyte in Endemism: Endemic? rotting grass mats. The genus is unlikely to be used for Distribution: North, West chikanda. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. MALVACEAE Known from many collections from Mbala. Possibly found in Tanzania. Platylepis glandulosa (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Triplochiton zambesiacus Milne-Redh. Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Disa welwitschii Rchb.f. subsp. welwitschii Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Status: LR-nt Distribution: Central Found on termite mounds, but also in floodplains on Grows in damp grasslands and dambos, common where Swamp species in deep marshy forests. Flowers from

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA silty sands and on riverbanks. Restricted to the valley it occurs. December to February. Possibly overlooked due to its floor. Mid-Zambezi endemic. Type is from Zimbabwe. small insignificant flowers. Not known whether it is Wood is hard and is used for yokes. Habenaria argentea P.J.Cribb endemic to Zambia. Status: LR-nt Endemism: Endemic Roeperocharis wentzeliana Kraenzl. MELASTOMATACEAE Distribution: North, West, Central Status: LR-lc In swampy grassland. Seems widespread. Probably used Distribution: East Dichaetanthera erici-rosenii (R.E.Fr.) A. & R.Fern. as chikanda. Montane grassland in damp areas. Altitude of 1,700– Status: LR-lc 2,440 m. Type is from Tanzania. Widespread. Known Distribution: North Habenaria hirsutitrunci G.Will. from a small area in Zambia. Possibly used as chikanda. Found in rocky places mainly at waterfalls and in Status: LR-nt woodlands. Also recorded from Tanzania. Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: North, East Montane grassland. Probably used as chikanda.

146 LOWER RISK Common on rocks beside running water. Woodland on mountain slopes, on arenaceous soils. PASSIFLORACEAE Altitude of about 1,600 m. Altitude of 1,750—2,000 m. Type from Chishimba Falls in Kasama District. Probably a number of collections. Adenia cissampeloides (Planch. ex Hook.) Harms Eragrostis dentifera Launert Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Status: LR-lc Status: LR-nt Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Panicum pseudoracemosum Renvoize Type is from Kalambo Falls in Mbala. On rocky slopes Distribution: North Status: LR-lc with Brachystegia woodland. Species is common and Altitude of about 1,700 m in seasonally wet grassland. Endemism: Endemic? dominant. Distribution: West, North Eragrostis divaricata Cope Damp places in shade. Altitude of 1,350–1,650 m. Type Adenia ovata De Wilde Status: LR-lc from Mwinilunga near the Kaomba River. Widespread Status: LR-lc Distribution: West distribution. Not known whether it is endemic to Endemism: Endemic? Found in lateric pans and on peaty soils and damp Zambia. Distribution: West, North holes. Altitude of 1,400 m. Also recorded in DRC. Type is from on the Copperbelt. Brachystegia Pogonarthria refracta Launert woodland on lateritic and sandy soils. Seems to be Eragrostis fimbrilata Cope Status: LR-lc widespread. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: South, North Adenia repanda (Burch.) Engl. Distribution: Central, West Kalahari sands, in woodland on disturbed ground. Status: LR-nt The type is from Kitwe by Fanshawe. Found in dambo Altitude of 1,000 m. Type from Namwala (collected in Endemism: Near-endemic? margins in high rainfall areas. It has possibly been 1962). Distribution: East overlooked. Kalahari sand endemic. Appears in the rainy season. Setaria pseudaristata (Peter) Pilg. Tourists are known to collect the plant. Generally Eragrostis lepidobasis Cope Status: LR-nt uncommon in Zambia but wide distribution. Possibly Status: LR-nt Widespread. Also found in East Africa and further more widespread along the Chobe/Zambezi Rivers. Endemism: Endemic afield. Distribution: West Basananthe baumii (Harms) De Wilde var. Found in wet areas and watershed areas. Known only caerulescens (A. & R.Fern.) De Wilde from the type collection. Must have been overlooked by POLYGALACEAE Status: LR-lc collectors. Distribution: Barotseland, West Polygala friesii Chodat Found in miombo woodlands. Dry woodland in open Eragrostis mariae Launert Status: LR-lc sandy ground. Also in Angola. Status: LR-nt Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North, West Basananthe holmesii R. & A.Fern. Distribution: North Habitat in swamps and peat bogs and marshy Status: LR-lc Found in dambos in swampy grassland usually in peaty grassland. Altitude of 1,700–1,750 m. Type from near IUCN TPC (1981). soil at altitudes of 1,700 m. Type is from Lake Chila. Mansa. Widespread. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Eragrostis milnei Launert ex Cope POACEAE Status: LR-nt Endemism: Endemic? PORTULACACEAE Brachiaria pungipes Clayton Distribution: West Status: LR-lc Found in dambos and standing water in laterite pans. Portulaca foliosa Ker Gawl. Endemism: Endemic? Type is from Kalenda Dambo in Mwinilunga. Known only Status: LR-nt Distribution: West from two collections. So far known only from this Grassland on sandy soils, at altitude of 1,500 m. Type locality, but may also occur in DRC and Angola. from Dobeka Bridge in Mwinilunga. Fairly wide PSILOTACEAE distribution. Possibly also in Angola and DRC. Eragrostis oligostachya Launert ex Cope Status: LR-nt Psilotum nudum (L.) P.Beauv. Digitaria bidactyla Van der Veken Distribution: West Status: LR-lc Status: LR-nt Found in dambos in damp grassland, in laterite and Riverine or wet miombo species. A cosmopolitan Endemism: Endemic margins in shallow pools near rocky outcrops. species, but seldom common anywhere. The species is Distribution: North rare but extremely widespread in Zambia. Its habitat is Grows in dambos and in wet sands at altitudes of Eragrostis spicigera Cope not threatened. 1,600–1,700 m. Known from several collections from Status: LR-nt only one locality. Not known from elsewhere. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North ROSACEAE Digitaria tenuifolia Goetgh. Watershed grassland in sandy soil at an altitude of Status: LR-nt 1,400–1,450 m. Known only from the type locality Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkm. Endemism: Endemic where it was collected four times by Astle. Status: LR-nt Distribution: North Widespread but uncommon habitat. Also in Angola, Found in shallow depressions on flat rocks (altitude of Hydrothauma manicatum Hubb. , Cameroon, DRC, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko), 1,400 m). Status: LR-lc Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Rwanda, Distribution: North, West São Tomé & Principé and South Africa (Eastern Cape,

Eccoptocarpha obconiciventris Launert An aquatic grass, it grows in shallow pools on ironstone Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, , Limpopo ZAMBIA Status: LR-lc outcrops. Province). Distribution: North Type is from Kasama. In open places. Altitude 1,000– Hyparrhenia anemopaegma Clayton 1,500 m. Distribution extends into Zambia from Status: LR-lc RUBIACEAE Tanzania. Monotypic genus. Found over a wide area. Is Endemism: Endemic an annual grass. Distribution: Central/East Batopedina linearifolia (Bremek.) Verdc. It has a limited national distribution. Status: LR-lc Eragrostis anacrantha Cope Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Lophachme parva Renvoize & Clayton Distribution: Central, West Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Crevices on granite hills at 1,250 m. Habitat is not Distribution: Central, North Endemism: Endemic threatened. Plant is 10–25 cm tall. Found growing in dambos, in seasonally wet woodlands Distribution: North, Central beside rivers. Dambos and damp places beside rivers. Altitude of Fadogia tomentosa De Wild. var. calvescens 1,400–1,700 m. Type from Shiwa Ngandu. (Verdc.) Verdc. Eragrostis anacranthoides Cope Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Panicum bullockii Renvoize Endemism: Near-endemic Endemism: Endemic Status: LR-lc Distribution: Barotseland, West Distribution: Central, North Endemism: Endemic? Brachystegia–Cryptosepalum woodland and Kalahari Distribution: North

LOWER RISK 147 sand. Type from Machili in Western Province. Probably Eriocoelum lawtonii Exell Margins of mushitu near streams, which is not a not common. Status: LR-lc particularly endangered habitat. This taxon (Stapfiella Endemism: Endemic zambesiensis forma grandifolia) has larger leaves than Fadogia triphylla Baker var. gracilifolia Verdc. Distribution: North, West the other (Stapfiella zambesiensis forma Status: LR-lc Habitat is riverine forest, which is not particularly zambeziensis). needs to be resolved. Distribution: North threatened. The type is from Kasama District, Grows in degraded habitat of Monotes, Brachystegia Kawambwa. Fairly widespread. Stapfiella zambesiensis R.Fern. forma and Uapaca woodland. Also old cultivations, i.e. in zambesiensis degraded miombo. Type from southwestern Tanzania. Status: LR-lc SCROPHULARIACEAE Endemism: Endemic Otiophora angustifolia Verdc. Distribution: North Status: LR-lc Alectra glandulosa Philcox Margins of mushitu near streams, which is not a Endemism: Endemic? Status: LR-lc particularly endangered habitat. Type is from 8 km east Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic of Kasama by Robinson. On rocky outcrops. Fairly widespread. Distance between Distribution: North, South the two known localities is about 400 km. Possibly In moist grassland from 1,500–1,830 m. Type is from uniformly distributed between these localities. Dwarf 32 km from Mwininlunga on the road to Solwezi at VELLOZIACEAE shrub/woody herb. Mundwizi Dambo, altitude 1,700 m. Xerophyta villosa (Baker) Smith & Ayensu Sericanthe andongensis (Hiern) Robbrecht var. Alectra pubescens Philcox Status: LR-nt andongensis Status: LR-lc Fairly common. Status: LR-nt Endemism: Endemic In riverine forest. Widespread. Occurs further north Distribution: North through Tropical Africa. Type from Mbala on Chilongowelo Escarpment at VITACEAE 1,500 m. Tapiphyllum cinerascens (Hiern) Robyns var. Cissus fanshawii Wild & R.B.Drumm. laetum (Robyns) Verdc. Buchnera laxiflora Philcox Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North, West Distribution: East, North Distribution: West, North Grows on termite mounds in Brachystegia woodland. Brachystegia woodland in rocky places. Altitude of Grows in dambos at altitudes up to 1,200–1,400 m. 900–1,350 m. Widespread. Cyphostemma richardsiae Wild & R.B.Drumm. Buchnera trilobata Skan Status: LR-lc Tapiphyllum cinerascens (Hiern) Robyns var. Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic? richardsii (Robyns) Verdc. Distribution: West, North Distribution: North, West Status: LR-lc Grows in montane grassland and Brachystegia woodland Found in Brachystegia woodland. Distribution: North up to altitudes of 2,500 m. Species is scattered over a Grassland, Combretum–Grewia thicket and Brachystegia wide area in Zambia. Seeds are small and mobile. Also Cyphostemma saxicolum (Gilg & R.E.Fr.) Descoings woodland. Sandy soil sometimes in rocky places. recorded from Malawi. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. Altitude of 1,200–1,500 m. Status: LR-lc Crepidorhopalon bifolius (Skan) Fischer Endemism: Endemic Tapiphyllum molle Robyns Status: LR-lc Distribution: North Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic? Grows in dense riverine forest and in dense, dry Distribution: Barotseland, North, West Distribution: North, West woodland. Five collections from Mbala. Julbernardia and Brachystegia woodland on Kalahari Wet areas up to an altitude of 1,500 m. Type is from sand. Type from Angola. Several localities known from Kambole. Widespread. Known only from Flora northwestern Zambia have been provisionally included zambesiaca area and is possibly a Zambian endemic. in this taxon pending a full taxonomic investigation. Often collected. Habitat is common. Widespread. Not utilised.

Tapiphyllum rhodesiacum (Tennant) Bridson STRYCHNACEAE Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Strychnos xantha Leeuwenb. Distribution: Central, North Status: LR-lc Habitat is escarpment vegetation, thicket and woodland Endemism: Endemic? on granite rocks and very stony ground. Often on rocky Distribution: North, West hills in Brachystegia woodland. Type from Serenje In gallery forests or riverine thickets. Possibly a District by Fanshawe. A shrub to a small tree. Zambian endemic but needs verification.

RUTACEAE TILIACEAE

Vepris mendoncana W.Mziray Corchorus saxatilis Wild Status: LR-lc Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North Distribution: South, West, Central Found in riverine forests. Widespread on shallow soil and rocky outcrops.

Triumfetta tenuipedunculata Wild

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA SAPINDACEAE Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Blighia unijugata Baker Distribution: North, West Status: LR-nt Damp shady woodland. Type is from Mbala District. Distribution: North Widespread. Small herb. Not common in Zambia.

Deinbollia fanshawei Exell TURNERACEAE Status: LR-lc Endemism: Endemic Stapfiella zambesiensis R.Fern. forma grandifolia Distribution: Barotseland, West R.Fern. Known only from Barotseland in Kalahari sand Status: LR-lc woodland. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Satyrium sceptrum, probably used as chikanda. (Photo: G. Williamson)

148 LOWER RISK DATA DEFICIENT

Sorindeia undulata R. & A.Fern. District by White. Also recorded in DRC. Initially ACANTHACEAE Status: DD suggested that it should be removed from the RDL. Endemism: Endemic Duosperma cuprinum Brummitt Distribution: North Status: DD In riverine forest. Type collected by Fanshawe. ASTERACEAE Endemism: Endemic? Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Bidens oligoflora (Klatt) Wild APONOGETONACEAE Status: DD Duosperma fanshawei Brummitt Taxonomy needs attention. Status: DD Aponogeton stuhlmannii Engl. Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Erythrocephalum dictyophlebium Wild Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Duosperma fimbriatum Brummitt Distribution: North Status: DD ARECACEAE Found in grassland. Known only from the type Endemism: Endemic? collection. Not really a well-collected area. Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch Status: DD Lopholaena alata Duvign. Justicia salvioides Milne-Redh. Distribution: North, East, Central Status: DD Status: DD Sparsely scattered palm tree, in patches. Recovery rate Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North very low. Distribution: Central, West Itigi thicket endemic. Leafless shrub. Also known from Small pyrophyte with woody rootstock. Found in plateau Tanzania. woodland. Collected by Fanshawe in (1954) ASCLEPIADACEAE and (1957).

AMARANTHACEAE Ceropegia cataphyllaris Bull. Pleiotaxis angustirugosa Jeffrey Status: DD Status: DD Celosia chenopodiifolia Baker The taxonomy may need checking. Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: Barotseland Distribution: West Type is from . Endemic to Barotseland. In Angola it grows in abandoned cultivated fields in ASPHODELACEAE damp soils. In Zambia, it is known from a few Rastrophyllum pinnatipartitum Wild & G.V.Pope specimens collected along a roadside. This is quite likely Aloe bicomitum L.C.Leach Status: DD a weed but this information is unavailable. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: West Distribution: North In seasonally damp grassland. Monotypic genus. Type Collected by Richards in Mbala (near Kalambo River) from Ikelenge in Mwinilunga (collected in 1965). but problem with collection numbering. Leach Known only from the type collection. Crinum subcernuum Baker subsequently cultivated it. Reported to have been Status: DD recently seen on an island in northern Zambia at the Vernonia helodea Wild Distribution: Central, South Tanzanian border. Currently known only from a small Status: DD area in the vicinity of the type locality. Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North ANACARDIACEAE Aloe enotata L.C.Leach Swampy grassland. Type from the Loyi Flats in Mbala Status: DD (1965). Apparently known only from the type. Lannea gossweileri Exell & Mendonça subsp. Endemism: Endemic tomentella (R. & A.Fern.) Gillett Vernonia lycioides Wild Status: DD Aloe luapulana L.C.Leach Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: West Woodlands of several types on sandy plains. Type from Distribution: North Woodland. Type from 32 km south of Mwinilunga on the Shiwa Ngandu. The species is used for rope-making. Collected along the DRC border. Currently known only road to Kabompo. Known only from the type. A sub- Unable to confirm whether it is endemic. from the type, but this needs confirmation. shrub.

Lannea schimperi (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl. Aloe milne-redheadii Christian Vernonia madefacta Wild Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Central, South, West Distribution: West Distribution: North The taxonomy of this species probably needs attention. Type from Mwinilunga. Reported to be common in Habitat is damp rocks by waterfalls. Type from It has a smooth white bark. miombo woodland at the type locality. Possibly also in Chilongowelo in Mbala District. Known only from the ZAMBIA Angola and DRC but this cannot be confirmed; type. Ozoroa bredoi R. & A.Fern. apparently known only from the type. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Aloe veseyi Reynolds BALSAMINACEAE Distribution: North Status: DD Known only from the type. Endemism: Endemic? Impatiens hydrogetonoides Launert Distribution: North Status: DD Ozoroa viridis R. & A.Fern. Type from near Kalambo Falls collected by Richards. Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Possibly also in Tanzania but this cannot be confirmed. Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic? Habitat in waterfall spray in dense shade, in a ravine in Distribution: Central evergreen forest. Flower colour pink. Zambia-Mafinga is Type from Mkushi Boma. not well-collected. ASPLENIACEAE Rhus ochracea Meikle var. saxicola R. & A. Fern. Status: DD Asplenium chaseanum Schelpe BEGONIACEAE Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Distribution: North Distribution: North Begonia pygmaea Irmscher Type is from the Escarpment. Known only from On rocks in forest in deep shade. Type from Mansa Status: DD the type collection, although Angus’s specimen is doubtful. Endemism: Endemic

DATA DEFICIENT 149 Distribution: North Source: IUCN TPC (1981). No herbarium material at In riverine forest, altitude of 910 m. Type from Lunzua CUCURBITACEAE Kew. near Mbala, by Richards (1955). Known only from the type. Trochomeria subglabra Jeffrey Cyperus mwinilungensis Podl. var. maior Podl. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic BORAGINACEAE Distribution: West, North Distribution: North Ecology and habitats are unknown. Type from Matonchi Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Cystostemon loveridgei Martins Farm by Milne-Redhead. Widespread. Status: DD Cyperus robinsonii Podl. Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: West CYPERACEAE Endemism: Endemic Distribution: South Cystostemon mwinilungensis Martins Actinoschoenus repens J.Raynal Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Cyperus zambesiensis C.B.Cl. Distribution: West Distribution: West Status: DD Grows in degraded Cryptosepalum and Copaifera Known mainly from the collections of Milne-Redhead. Apparent taxonomic confusion with Cyperus forests, savanna woodland on Kalahari sands. glaucophyllus var. zambesiensis. Alinula malawica (J.Raynal) Goetgh. & Vorster Status: DD Lipocarpha echinus J.Raynal BRASSICACEAE Distribution: North Status: DD Also known from Malawi. Endemism: Endemic Coronopus zambiensis Jonsell Distribution: North Status: DD Ascolepis ampullacea J.Raynal Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Lipocarpha robinsonii J.Raynal Distribution: North Status: DD CAMPANULACEAE Only known from type. Endemism: Near-endemic Distribution: North, West, South, Barotseland Wahlenbergia cephalodina Thulin Ascolepis majestuosa Duvign. & Léonard Also known from Angola. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North, Barotseland Pycreus atrorubidus Nelmes Distribution: West Status: DD Habitat is woodland on Kalahari sand. Type is from Ascolepis protea Welw. subsp. atropurpurea Lye Endemism: Endemic Kabompo. Unclear whether it is known only from the Status: DD Distribution: West type. Check taxonomy. Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: North Pycreus heterochrous Nelmes Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. Status: DD COMBRETACEAE Endemism: Endemic Ascolepis protea Welw. subsp. chrysocephala Lye Distribution: West Combretum padoides Engl. & Diels Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Near-endemic? Pycreus micromelas Lye Endemism: Endemic? Records for it from southern Tanzania but reported Status: DD Distribution: North, East, South (unconfirmed) to occur in northern Zambia at the Endemism: Endemic? Tanzanian border. Distribution: North Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. COMMELINACEAE Ascolepis pseudopeteri Goetgh. Status: DD Pycreus poikilostachys Nelmes Aneilema richardsiae Brenan Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: DD Status: DD Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. Distribution: West Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Ascolepis pusilla Ridley var. echinata Hooper Schoenoplectus rhodesicus (Podl.) Lye Commelina grandis Brenan Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Near-endemic Endemism: Near-endemic Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Distribution: West Distribution: North Occurs in Tanzania. Also known from Tanzania. Commelina pycnospatha Brenan Status: DD Ascolepis trigona Goetgh. Scleria calcicola Robinson Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Status: DD Distribution: Central Distribution: North Endemism: Near-endemic? Deciduous forest on steep gorge slopes. Distribution: West Bulbostylis micromucronata Goetgh. Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. Status: DD CONVOLVULACEAE No herbarium material from Zambia in Kew. Scleria chlorocalyx Robinson Status: DD Ipomoea milnei Verdc. Carex robinsonii Podl. Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Status: DD Distribution: North, West

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Source: IUCN TPC (1981). On sandy and rocky hills. Altitude of 1,320–1,341 m. Distribution: East Type from Angola. No material in Kew, just a description. Scleria delicatula Nelmes Status: DD Ipomoea protea Britten & Rendle Cyperus altochrysocephalus Lye Endemism: Near-endemic Status: DD Status: DD Distribution: West, North Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. Sandy soils on roadsides, altitude 1,650 m. Type from Distribution: West Angola. Source: IUCN TPC (1981). No herbarium material at Scleria fulvipilosa Robinson Kew. Status: DD Merremia stellata Rendle Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Cyperus kasamensis Podl. Distribution: North Distribution: West Status: DD Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. In woodland. Type from Angola. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North

150 DATA DEFICIENT Scleria lucentinigricans Robinson Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Central, South Endemism: Endemic Distribution: Central, North Perennial herb. Widespread, but known from few Distribution: North Locally common. specimens. Kalahari sand miombo. Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Euphorbia decidua Bally & L.C.Leach Monadenium fanshawei Bally Scleria patula Robinson Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North, West Endemism: Endemic Locally common. Also known from Tanzania. Distribution: West Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Euphorbia fortissima L.C.Leach Phyllanthus friesii Hutch. Status: DD Status: DD Scleria polyrrhiza Robinson Endemism: Near-endemic? Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: Central, South Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Mid-Zambezi Valley. Valley thickets and basalt gorges. Known only from the type specimen. Collected by Fries Distribution: North, West in 1914. Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Euphorbia griseola Pax subsp. zambiensis L.C.Leach Phyllanthus martinii Radcl.-Sm. Scleria procumbens Robinson Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: Central Distribution: West Distribution: North Type from Kapiri Mposhi. Type from Zambia. Baikiaea thicket (mutemwa), Possibly occurs in southern Tanzania. especially on old drainage lines. Euphorbia inundaticola L.C.Leach Scleria xerophila Robinson Status: DD Phyllanthus pseudocarunculatus Radcl.-Sm. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: East Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Distribution: North Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Euphorbia jubata L.C.Leach Known from three specimens from one locality. Not Status: DD known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Scleria zambesica Robinson Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Distribution: Central Phyllanthus sananei J.F.Brunel Endemism: Endemic Locally common. Associated with rocky habitats. Status: DD Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Euphorbia luapulana L.C.Leach Distribution: North Status: DD Known only from the type locality. Taxonomic confusion Volkiella disticha Merxm. & Czech. Endemism: Endemic? as this has been reportedly sunk under Phyllanthus Status: DD Distribution: North pseudoniruri which is found in Zambia, Zimbabwe and Apparently no Zambian specimens at Kew. Expected to Malawi. P. sananei is known from the specimen Sanane occur in Zambia, Zimbabwe and Namibia. Euphorbia mwinilungensis L.C.Leach 877 (1969). Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Phyllanthus tener Radcl.-Sm. DICHAPETALACEAE Distribution: West Status: DD Locally common. Endemism: Endemic? Dichapetalum whitei Torre Distribution: South Status: DD Euphorbia papillosicapsa L.C.Leach Type from . Not known whether it is endemic Endemism: Endemic Status: DD to Zambia. Distribution: West Endemism: Endemic? Habitat is deciduous Sarcocephalis and Albizia Distribution: North Phyllanthus xiphephorus J.F.Brunel ex Radcl.-Sm. woodland. Type from . Miombo woodland. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Euphorbia perplexa L.C.Leach var. perplexa Distribution: North EBENACEAE Status: DD Type from Mbala District. Endemism: Endemic? Diospyros mweroensis F.White Distribution: North Sapium acetosella Milne-Redh. var. lineare Status: DD Locally common. Léonard Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: DD Distribution: North Euphorbia platyrrhiza L.C.Leach Endemism: Endemic Found in miombo woodland and Itigi thicket. Status: DD Distribution: North Associated with termite mounds (altitude 800– Endemism: Endemic? Type from Kawambwa. In sandy dambos. 1,500 m). Also recorded from DRC. Distribution: West Grass pan on Kalahari sands. Locally common. FABACEAE EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia sereti De Wild. subsp. variantissima L.C.Leach Aeschynomene bracteosa Baker var. major Verdc. ZAMBIA Acalypha dikuluwensis Duvign. & Dewit. Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Near-endemic? Distribution: West Distribution: North Type from Kabompo Gorge. On rock. Known only from the type locality in Kawambwa, Croton gossweileri Hutch. collected by Fanshawe (1950s). Area is poorly collected Status: DD Euphorbia whellanii L.C.Leach and as a result the species may be more abundant than Distribution: West Status: DD what is currently known. Occurs in bushland. Single collection from Zambia. Riverine forest. Also Endemism: Endemic from Angola. Distribution: North Brachystegia astlei Hoyle Known only from type locality. Status: DD Euphorbia cooperi N.E.Br. ex Berger var. calidicola Endemism: Endemic L.C.Leach Euphorbia williamsonii L.C.Leach Distribution: North Status: DD Status: DD Only been collected once in a dambo in Kawambwa by Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic? Brummitt. Not a conspicuous tree and may have been Distribution: East, Central/East, South Distribution: North overlooked. Known only from the type and one other Widespread. Associated with rocky habitats. Forms fibrous mats on rocky quartz. collection.

Euphorbia cooperi N.E.Br. ex Berger var. Jatropha pachyrrhiza Radcl.-Sm. Brachystegia michelmorei Hoyle ussanguensis (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach Status: DD Status: DD

DATA DEFICIENT 151 Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Sebaea alata Paiva & Nogueira Distribution: North Distribution: North Status: DD Originally thought to be the same species as B. astelei, Type from Mansa. Not a particularly well-collected area. Endemism: Endemic but B. michelmorei has bigger leaflets. Known only Marquesia and Brachystegia woodland, wet woodlands. Grows in dambos at altitudes of 1,580 m. Type from from the type and one other collection. Shischinga Ranch (collected by Astle). Widespread but Indigofera deightonii Gillett subsp. rhodesica not very common. Crotalaria nudiflora Polhill Gillett Status: DD Status: DD Sebaea caudata Paiva & Nogueira Endemism: Endemic Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Status: DD Distribution: North, West Endemism: Endemic The type is from the Luombo River (Kasama District). Indigofera spathulata Gillett Distribution: South Also collected in Kawambwa at several localities. Status: DD Type collected from Mpanaza Mission at Simasunda Disturbed grassy places near rivers. Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Dambo, 1955. Possibly known only from the type.

Crotalaria polytricha Polhill Kotschya imbricata Verdc. Sebaea clavata Paiva & Nogueira Status: DD Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Near-endemic? Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic Distribution: West Distribution: West Distribution: North Evergreen thicket. Also known from DRC. Collected only once (1969) in Solwezi. This locality is In Brachystegia woodland and in taller robust not well-collected. Isenga woodland. vegetation. Type on Senga Hill road to Mporokoso Crotalaria tristis Polhill (Mbala). Possibly known only from the type. Status: DD Millettia eetveldeana (Micheli) Hauman Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Sebaea fernandesiana Paiva & Nogueira Distribution: North Found on haematite habitats. Possibly more widespread Status: DD Collected at Mbala twice. This species could be a than is currently known. Endemism: Endemic pioneer species. Secondary miombo (miombo that was Distribution: West under cultivation/disturbed/cut and is recovering). Ophrestia unicostata (Hermann) Verdc. On damp soil on rocky outcrops at an altitude of Status: DD 1,350 m. Type is from Kaleni Hill (6 km north of Kaleni Crotalaria vanmeelii Wilczek Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Hill on the Zambezi Rapids). Possibly known only from Status: DD the type. Endemism: Endemic Tephrosia muenzneri Harms subsp. pedalis Distribution: North Brummitt The species grows in open, disturbed places on sandy Status: DD HYDROPHYLLACEAE soils. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: East Hydrolea brevistyla Verdc. Cryptosepalum exfoliatum De Wild. subsp. Habitat is pink, sandy loam in Brachystegia woodland. Status: DD craspedoneuron Duvign. & Brenan Type locality is . Endemism: Endemic? Status: DD Distribution: North Distribution: North Tephrosia robinsoniana Brummitt At edges of dambos begining to dry out and also Wide distribution. Sand and rocky outcrops. Status: DD horizontal slabs of sandstone. Easily irrigated by river Endemism: Endemic? overflows. Altitude of 1,350 m. Very wide area. Deep Cryptosepalum exfoliatum De Wild. subsp. On rocky hillsides, at altitudes of 1,340 m. Type blue, conspicuous corolla; plant up to 30 cm tall. puberulum Duvign. & Brenan collected from Mfuwila (ungazetteered). Possibly known Unable to confirm whether it is endemic to Zambia. Status: DD only from the type. Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Tephrosia zambiana Brummitt HYPOXIDACEAE Dalbergia acutifoliolata Mend. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Hypoxis cuanzensis Welw. ex Baker Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Distribution: North Status: DD Type from Mungwi. Area has not been well-collected. Endemism: Endemic? Desmodium fulvescens Schubert Distribution: North Status: DD Found in a well-collected area. Unable to confirm Endemism: Near-endemic? FLACOURTIACEAE whether it is endemic to Zambia. Distribution: West Moist dambos at an altitude of 1,200 m. Recorded from Scolopia stolzii Gilg & Sleumer Hypoxis filiformis Baker DRC. Status: DD Status: DD Habitat is riverine forest. Distribution: Central Dolichos filifoliolus Verdc. Area has been relatively well-collected. Status: DD Source: IUCN TPC (1981) GENTIANACEAE Hypoxis rigidula Baker Status: DD Dolichos magnificus Verdc. Faroa allata Taylor Distribution: North Status: DD Status: DD Source: IUCN TPC (1981) Endemism: Endemic? This is the only specimen that is cited in Flora ILLECEBRACEAE Entada bacillaris F.White var. plurijuga Brenan zambesiaca. Collected on a rocky ledge at an altitude of Status: DD about 1,000 m. Corrigiola paniculata Peter Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: North Faroa minutiflora P.Taylor

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA A shrub up to 2 m tall with small leaves. Found in Status: DD sandy soil. Endemism: Endemic IRIDACEAE Distribution: North Entada dolichorachis Brenan Grows in damp sand amongst rocks. Found at an Dierama longistylum Marais Status: DD altitude of 1,260 m. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Distribution: East Distribution: North Sebaea africana Paiva & Nogueira Found in montane grassland at 600–2,400 m altitude. Very conspicuous and unusual plant, should have been Status: DD collected more frequently. Collected in Kawambwa by Endemism: Endemic Lapeirousia zambeziaca Goldblatt Fanshawe and in Mbala (Lufuba) by Richards. Distribution: North Status: DD Brachystegia woodland, sandy soils, open riverine In damp sandy ground amongst grass at altitude of Distribution: West situations. Altitude of 780–1,620 m. 1,680 m. Type from the Kawambwa-Mbereshi Road by Habitat is boggy grassland (probably seasonally Richards (1957). inundated). Type from western Angola. Appears to be Humularia submarginalis Verdc. endemic to the upper Zambezi. Status: DD

152 DATA DEFICIENT Rotala myriophylloides Welw. ex Hiern ISOETACEAE Status: DD MORACEAE Endemism: Endemic Isoetes aequinoctialis Welw. ex A.Br. Distribution: North Ficus ardisioides Warb. Status: DD Type from Lake Chila in Mbala by Nash. Status: DD Not sure of its status elsewhere, probably not Distribution: West threatened. Widespread. Type from Nigeria. Rotala submersa Pohnert var. angustipetala Fern. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic MYRSINACEAE LAMIACEAE Distribution: North Ecology known from the type variety. Type locality in Anagallis rhodesica R.E.Fr. Plectranthastrum cylindricalyx Mathew Mbala. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Distribution: North MALPIGHIACEAE Apparently known only from the type which is from Kali between Mansa and Bangweulu. In seasonally flooded LAURACEAE Triaspis lateriflora Oliv. places. Status: DD Beilschmiedia gilbertii Robyns & Wilczek var. Distribution: North glabra Robyns & Wilczek Climber on small trees in bushes and forest margins. OLEACEAE Status: DD Type is from Angola. Probably widely distributed. Endemism: Near-endemic? Chionanthus niloticus (Oliv.) Stearn Distribution: NorthWest Status: DD Type is from DRC. MELASTOMATACEAE Distribution: North It grows in riparian mushitu (moist evergreen forest, Cincinnobotrys acaulis (Cogn.) Gilg swamp forest). Its habitat is common and widespread. LENTIBULARIACEAE Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Genlisea glandulosissima R.E.Fr. Distribution: West ORCHIDACEAE Status: DD Found on damp mossy rocks in dense evergreen shade Endemism: Endemic vegetation. Known only from the type locality. Angraecopsis gassneri G.Will. Distribution: North Status: DD Found in permanent wet peaty bogs. Known localities Dichaetanthera rhodesiensis A. & R.Fern. Endemism: Endemic very far apart. Status: DD Distribution: West Distribution: North, West, Barotseland Known only from the type collection. Grows on trees Genlisea pallida Fromm-Trinta & P.Taylor Known from lateritic soils and rocky tops of hills. Wide and granite rocks in deep moss at 1,300 m. Probably Status: DD distribution. overlooked, as it is a small plant. Distribution: West Permanent wet peat bogs. Also recorded from Angola. Dissotis caloneura Engl. var. pilosa A. & R.Fern. Angraecum geniculatum G.Will. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic LYTHRACEAE Distribution: North Distribution: West Found in exposed situations in quartzite and sandstone Species is epiphytic and grows in dense fringing forest. Nesaea purpurascens Fern. rocks. Type from Luanshe on the Copperbelt by Only a single specimen citation is given in Flora Status: DD Fanshawe. Shrub or small tree up to 3.5 m tall. The two zambesiaca. No locality is given. Probably overlooked, Endemism: Endemic known localites are far apart. as it is a small plant. In muddy places near dams. Known only from Zambia. Known only from the type colllecvtion. Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. pedicellata A. Brachycorythis mixta Summerh. & R.Fern. Status: DD Nesaea robinsoniana Fern. Status: DD Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Distribution: North Distribution: North Dambos and seasonally wet upland grassland. Type from In muddy places. Type collected by Robinson 95 km Type is from on Lake Tanganyika in open Angola. east of Kasama. Only known from Zambia. marshy localities amongst grass. Unable to confirm whether it is endemic to Zambia. Disa caffra Bolus Rotala cordipetala R.E.Fr. Status: DD Status: DD Dissotis glandulosa A. & R.Fern. Distribution: West Distribution: North Status: DD Occurs in wet grassland, usually in dambos at an In water on sandy ground. Collected from Lake Endemism: Endemic altitude of 1,400–1,700 m. It is said to be rare in Bengweulu. Possibly also known from Tanzania. Distribution: West swampy areas in the Flora of southern Africa region. The type is from Mwinilunga by Robinson at the source Rotala dinteri Koehne of the Zambezi. It is possibly known only from the type. Disa cryptantha Summerh. Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: Central, West Distribution: West MELIACEAE Found growing in marshy grasslands or dambos. ZAMBIA Habitat in shallow waters of peaty soils in dambos. Altitude of 1,000–1,800 m. It is widespread although Type from Mwininlunga, Kalenda Plain (Milne-Redhead). Entandrophragma delevoyi De Wild. the species is rare. Known only from the type collection. Status: DD Distribution: Central, South Disa verdickii De Wild. Rotala gossweileri Koehne It is a dry evergreen thicket canopy species. Its habitat Status: DD Status: DD is threatened. Found in high and medium rainfall areas. Distribution: West Distribution: West Although of inferior quality, wood is used for furniture. Found in wet sandy grassland or in Brachystegia and Found in damp places and shallow water in lateritic Uapaca woodland and submontane grasslands. Could be dambos. Type is by Eyles from Mfulira on the widespread. Copperbelt. Common habitat. Plant is 3 cm high and MENYANTHACEAE easily overlooked. Plants float when area is flooded. Disperis breviloba Verdc. Known only from the type collection. Nymphoides milnei A.Raynal Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Near-endemic Rotala juniperina Fern. Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: Central, West Status: DD Distribution: West Habitat is Brachystegia woodland and open dambos Endemism: Endemic Type is from Matonchi Farm collected in the 1930s. usually in shallow soils over rocks. Altitude of 1,200– Distribution: South Found in a temporary pool. Small aquatic herb. 2,340 m. Probably not used as chikanda, as the tuber is Muddy bottoms of shallow irrigation channels. Type 7 mm long. Possibly overlooked, as it is a small plant. from Kabwula Mwana Dam (by Robinson). Also known from Malawi.

DATA DEFICIENT 153 Disperis katangensis Summerh. var. minor Verdc. Polystachya mafingensis P.J.Cribb Distribution: North Status: DD Status: DD Found in grassland in sandy soil along roadsides. Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Near-endemic Distribution: West Distribution: North Digitaria procurrens Goetgh. Found in Cryptosepalum woodland on sand. Altitude Submontane mist zone woodland and grassland, often Status: DD about 1,400 m. Probably overlooked. epiphytic on trees and shrubs. Altitude of 2,240 m. The Endemism: Endemic species is known only from Malawi and Zambia, from Distribution: North Eulophia holubii Rolfe the Mafingas. Probably overlooked as it is a small plant. Known only from the type collection. Found along the Status: DD roadside in mateshe thicket (altitude of 1,200 m). Distribution: Barotseland Polystachya moreauae P.J.Cribb & Podzorski Well-represented outside Zambia. Status: DD Digitaria sacculata Clayton Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Eulophia richardsiae P.J.Cribb & la Croix Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Status: DD It is so far known only from the rivers of the Muchinga Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic Escarpment. Narrow endemic. Known only from the type collection in damp sand. Distribution: North Found in Brachystegia woodland at 1,500 m. The Pteroglossaspis corymbosa G.Will. Diheteropogon microterus Clayton species apparently forms colonies where it grows. Status: DD Status: DD Probably overlooked, only appears when flowering, Endemism: Endemic Endemism: Endemic otherwise it is subterranean. Known only from the type, Distribution: West Distribution: North collected by Richards 10043 (1957). Habitat is wet open grassland. Known only from the type locality. Eragrostis astreptoclada Cope Eulophia saxicola P.J.Cribb & G.Will. Status: DD Status: DD Tridactyle translucens Summerh. Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: Central Status: DD Distribution: North Also recorded from Zimbabwe. Endemism: Endemic The habitat is damp sand or banks along river and Distribution: West sandy edges of peaty dambos. Altitude of 1,400– Habenaria macrotidion Summerh. Habitat is epiphytic in Cryptosepalum and Brachystegia 1,560 m. Status: DD woodland. This species is known only from Mwinilunga, Endemism: Endemic just east of the Kasompe River. Probably overlooked but Loxodera bovonei (Chiov.) Launert Distribution: North a narrow endemic. Status: DD The type is Mbereshi which is poorly collected. Known Source: IUCN TPC (1981). from swampy ground. Probably used as chikanda. OXALIDACEAE Panicum perangustatum Renvoize Habenaria orthocentron P.J.Cribb Status: DD Status: DD Oxalis abercornensis Knuth Endemism: Endemic? Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: North Distribution: North Distribution: North Seasonally wet places. Type is from Misamfu. Not known Very wet swamp forest. Probably used as chikanda. Only known from the type at the Zambia-Tanzanian whether it is endemic to Zambia. border. Collected in 1936. Along paths and as a garden Liparis molendinacea G.Will. weed. Possibly a form of Oxalis oligotricha (Richards Panicum phippsii Renvoize Status: DD collected this species about four times). Sounds like it Status: DD Endemism: Endemic? is a familiar weed, but this needs confirmation. Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North Distribution: North Habitat is swamp forest in humus on the forest floor. Dense scrub in shade. Altitude of 1,350 m. Type from Has pseudobulbs so probably not used. Swamp forests PASSIFLORACEAE Mporokoso. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. tend not to be collected. Not a densely populated area. Basananthe baumii (Harms) De Wilde var. baumii Nervilia kotschyi (Rchb.f.) Schltr. var. purpurata Status: DD PODOSTEMACEAE (Rchb.f. & Sond.) B.Pettersson Endemism: Near-endemic? Status: DD Distribution: North Leiothylax drummondii C.Cusset Distribution: Barotseland Habitat is dry secondary forest, woodland and scrub on Status: DD Widespread in Africa. Not harvested. dry sandy soils. Probably just overlooked and Endemism: Endemic undercollected. Apparently known to occur in Angola. Distribution: Central Nervilia renschiana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. Grows submerged in fast-flowing water, such as fast- Status: DD flowing rivers associated with granite and in hydroelec- Distribution: South PERIPLOCACEAE tric plant canals. Constitutes a problem where it is Brachystegia woodland and riverine forest fringes, often difficult to eradicate, possibly a problem plant. Type on termite mounds. Not harvested. Pentagonanthus grandiflorus (N.E.Br.) Bull. from Capiri-Mankoshi Road. subsp. grandiflorus Platycoryne trilobata Summerh. Status: DD Status: DD Source: IUCN TPC (1981). POLYGONACEAE Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: Central Oxygonum carnosum Grah. Type from Chakwenga headwaters. Known only from POACEAE Status: DD Lusaka. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Brachyachne simonii Kupicha & Cope Polystachya asper P.J.Cribb & Podzorski Status: DD Oxygonum litorale Grah. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Status: DD

ZAMBIA ZAMBIA Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Source: IUCN TPC (1981). Distribution: West Found in laterite pans. Type is from Chizela (Mfumbu Evergreen fringing forest in dense shade. Known only District) at 1,130 m. Narrow distribution range. from north of Mwinilunga. Narrow distribution. Possibly PROTEACEAE also in DRC. Digitaria calcarata Clayton Status: DD Protea poggei Engl. subsp. mwinilungensis Polystachya erythrocephala Summerh. Endemism: Endemic? Chisumpa & Brummitt Status: DD Distribution: North Status: DD Endemism: Endemic On shallow soil overlying rocks. Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West Distribution: West Collected on rocks in deep gorge near a river. The type Digitaria minoriflora Goetgh. One collection cited in Flora zambesiaca from is from Solwezi, collected by Milne-Redhead. Narrow Status: DD Mwinilunga. endemic, probably overlooked as it is a small plant. Endemism: Endemic

154 DATA DEFICIENT Distribution: West PTERIDACEAE Brachystegia woodland, sometimes on laterite outcrops. RUTACEAE Unusual distribution. Also recorded in Angola. Ceratopteris cornuta (Beauv.) Le Prieur Vepris fanshawei Mendonça Status: DD Pavetta pygmaea Bremek. Status: DD Has a disjunct distribution and known from only a few Status: DD Endemism: Endemic localities in Zambia. Widespread in Tropical Africa to Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: North Senegal; also in Sudan, Madagascar, Socotra, Saudi Distribution: West Known only from the type taken from , collected Arabi and so forth. Cryptosepalum woodland on sand. Altitude ± 1,000 m. in 1958. Type is from Mwinilunga District, west of Dobeka Bridge. Not known whether it is endemic to Zambia. Vepris whitei Mendonça ROSACEAE Status: DD Psychotria pumila Hiern var. subumbellata (Petit) Distribution: North Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. Verdc. In evergreen riverine forest. Possibly in the Itigi thicket Status: DD Status: DD area. Type is from Mweru Wantipa. The fruits are Distribution: East Endemism: Endemic orange-yellow and sweet-tasting. Widespread. Afromontane species. Fringing upland rainforest, Distribution: North deciduous woodland and evergreen bushland. On Riparian thicket. Type from , Zambia-Nyika Plateau and possibly also from Mbala. collected by Fanshawe 3877 (1962). Known only from SCROPHULARIACEAE the type. Buchnera arenicola R.E.Fr. RUBIACEAE Rytigynia sp. Angus 604 Status: DD Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Amphiasma redheadii Bremek. Endemism: Endemic Distribution: North Status: DD Distribution: West Known only from the cited collection (1911) in Flora Endemism: Endemic Species known only from a single collection, Angus 604 zambesiaca. The habitat is under severe threat from Distribution: West (1952). Mavunda on Kalahari sand. Mavunda is fisheries. Type from Mwinilunga, by Milne-Redhead (1930) on the (Cryptosepalum) dry evergreen thicket or forest which Warnibobo River (ungazetteered). Known only from the is a mosaic. The type is from Mwinilunga District. Buchnera crassifolia Engl. type. Found in Brachystegia woodland. Status: DD Rytigynia sp. Fanshawe 2998 Distribution: North Fadogia luangwae Verdc. Status: DD Only a single cited specimen for Zambia. Also known Status: DD Distribution: West from Malawi. Endemism: Endemic Known only from a single collection, Fanshawe 2998 Distribution: East (1957). Collected on a granite boulder in evergreen Buchnera nitida Skan Hill miombo woodland (different to escarpment thicket (mateshe thicket). One collection in . Status: DD woodland, thin soils, edaphically interesting). Altitude Distribution: North 800 m. Habitat is widespread. Type is from North Sarcocephalus pobeguinii Pobéguin ex Pellegrin Also known from Malawi. Luangwa National Park. Known only from the type (P.P. Status: DD Smith 0220). Distribution: North, West Buchnera pulcherrima R.E.Fr. Habitat in gallery forest on well-drained sandy soil but Status: DD Fadogia tomentosa De Wild. var. flaviflora probably periodically flooded. Distributed across the top Endemism: Endemic (Robyns) Verdc. half of the country. Up to 22 m tall. Has capitulate Distribution: North Status: DD infloresences. Not known whether it is endemic to Known only from the type collection (1911). No actual Distribution: Central, Barotseland, West Zambia. site given. Brachystegia woodland on Kalahari sand. Tree of 1.5 m tall. Also recorded in Angola. Spermacoce princeae (K.Schum.) Verdc. var. Craterostigma plantagineum Hochst. mwinilungae Verdc. Status: DD Geophila sp. Fanshawe 6855 Status: DD Distribution: North Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Medicinal plant. Widespread at altitudes of 1,500– Endemism: Endemic? Distribution: West 2,000 m. Could be a cosmopolitan weed but this cannot Distribution: West Found in riverine forest, altitude of 1,300 m. Collected be confirmed. Only a single specimen by Fanshawe from Ndola once on the West Lunga River by Brummitt, Chisumpa (1962). Found in dry evergreen forest at altitude of and Polhill (1975). Limnophila crassifolia Philcox 1,370 m. Has yellow flowers. Similar to G. afzelii. Status: DD Spermacoce samfya Verdc. Endemism: Endemic? Hallea rubrostipulata (K.Schum.) Leroy Status: DD Distribution: West Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Type from Mwinilunga. Muddy riversides. Only 6 cm tall Locally called ‘mupa’ (Bemba name). Alternative genus Seasonally flooded flats. Type collected from Mukosa and probably easily overlooked. name: Metrogyna. (ungazetteered) by Chabwela (1970). Selago thyrsoidea Baker var. thyrsoidea Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Tapiphyllum cinerascens (Hiern) Robyns var. Status: DD Status: DD cinerascens Endemism: Near-endemic? Endemism: Endemic Status: DD Distribution: East

Distribution: North Endemism: Endemic? Type from Malawi-Nyika. ZAMBIA Sandy ground, altitude 1,200 m. Originally called Distribution: West Oldenlandia linearis. Apparently known only from the Cryptosepalum woodland, altitude of 1,350 m. type that was collected by Richards. Collected from Mwinilunga (1969). Apparently also STERCULIACEAE known from Tanzania. Oldenlandia robinsonii Verdc. Dombeya brachystemma Milne-Redh. Status: DD Tapiphyllum cistifolium (Welw.) Robyns var. Status: DD Endemism: Endemic latifolia Verdc. Distribution: West, South Distribution: West Status: DD Very wide distribution range. In lateritic gravel. Distribution: West Uapaca woodland, altitude of 1,250 m. Type from Pachystigma albosetulosum Verdc. Mwinilunga (1975). Is a suffrutex. TILIACEAE Status: DD Endemism: Endemic Vangueria volkensii K.Schum. var. kyimbilensis Triumfetta grandistipulata Wild Distribution: North, Barotseland (Robyns) Verdc. Status: DD Found in grassy plains near patches of woodland. Type Status: DD Sandy flats in scrubby woodland. Type from Kawanga is from Kalambo. Distribution: East (ungazetteered), by Fanshawe. In the mid-stratum of evergreen forests near streams. Pachystigma micropyren Verdc. Type from Tanzania. Taxonomy may need attention. Status: DD

DATA DEFICIENT 155 Triumfetta reticulata Wild collected. Only 5 cm tall. Not known whether it is Status: DD endemic to Zambia. VITACEAE Distribution: West In waste places and woodlands. Type is from Ndola by Cyphostemma nanellum (Gilg & R.E.Fr.) Descoings Fanshawe. Not known whether this is a weed. Requires VERBENACEAE ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. verification. Status: DD Clerodendrum sansibarense Gürke subsp. Endemism: Endemic sansibarense Distribution: North URTICACEAE Status: DD Found in burnt woodland. Known only from the type Endemism: Endemic? specimen. Pouzolzia bracteosa Friis Distribution: North Status: DD The habitat is dry evergreen forests (secondary forest). Cyphostemma tenuissimum (Gilg & R.E.Fr.) Endemism: Endemic? The species is widespread in high rainfall areas. Descoings ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. Distribution: Central/East Status: DD On alluvium near river areas. Collected only once in Endemism: Endemic Luangwa Valley (1972). Probably related to Pouzolzia Distribution: North fadenii from the Kenyan coast. Locality is well- Found on rocky ground. Known only from the type collected in 1911.

The tubers of edible orchids that are harvested for consumption are called Satyrium buchananii, used as chikanda or African polony in Zambia. (Photo: M.G. Bingham) chikanda. (Photo: G. Williamson)

ZAMBIA

ZAMBIA

ZAMBIA

Brachycorythis angolensis, a Dambo areas are impacted by human disturbance in Zambia. dambo species used for chikanda. (Photo: G. Williamson) (Photo: G. Williamson)

156 DATA DEFICIENT