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Maya Knowledge and "Science Wars"
Journal of Ethnobiology 20(2); 129-158 Winter 2000 MAYA KNOWLEDGE AND "SCIENCE WARS" E. N. ANDERSON Department ofAnthropology University ofCalifornia, Riverside Riverside, CA 92521~0418 ABSTRACT.-Knowledge is socially constructed, yet humans succeed in knowing a great deal about their environments. Recent debates over the nature of "science" involve extreme positions, from claims that allscience is arbitrary to claims that science is somehow a privileged body of truth. Something may be learned by considering the biological knowledge of a very different culture with a long record of high civilization. Yucatec Maya cthnobiology agrees with contemporary international biological science in many respects, almost all of them highly specific, pragmatic and observational. It differs in many other respects, most of them highly inferential and cosmological. One may tentatively conclude that common observation of everyday matters is more directly affected by interaction with the nonhuman environment than is abstract deductive reasoning. but that social factors operate at all levels. Key words: Yucatec Maya, ethnoornithology, science wars, philosophy ofscience, Yucatan Peninsula RESUMEN.-EI EI conocimiento es una construcci6n social, pero los humanos pueden aprender mucho ce sus alrededores. Discursos recientes sobre "ciencia" incluyen posiciones extremos; algunos proponen que "ciencia" es arbitrario, otros proponen que "ciencia" es verdad absoluto. Seria posible conocer mucho si investiguemos el conocimiento biol6gico de una cultura, muy difcrente, con una historia larga de alta civilizaci6n. EI conodrniento etnobiol6gico de los Yucatecos conformc, mas 0 menos, con la sciencia contemporanea internacional, especial mente en detallas dcrivadas de la experiencia pragmatica. Pero, el es deferente en otros respectos-Ios que derivan de cosmovisi6n 0 de inferencia logical. -
Interspecific Relationships Affecting Endangered Species Recognized by O'odham and Comcaac Cultures
Interspecific Relationships Affecting Endangered Species Recognized by O'Odham and Comcáac Cultures Author(s): Gary Paul Nabhan Source: Ecological Applications, Vol. 10, No. 5 (Oct., 2000), pp. 1288-1295 Published by: Ecological Society of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2641284 Accessed: 03/11/2010 16:20 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=esa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Ecological Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ecological Applications. http://www.jstor.org 1288 INVITED FEATURE Ecological Applications Vol. 10, No. -
ISE Newsletter, Volume 1 Issue 2, Without Photos
Volume 1, Issue 2 June 2009 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: ISE’S 1ST ASIAN 2 THE ISE’S FIRST ASIAN CONFERENCE OF ETHNOBIOLOGY CONFERENCE TAIWAN, 21-29 OCTOBER 2009 Profile: Dr. Yih-Ren 3 During the 11th International In order to demonstrate the Resource Management Profile: RECAP 4 Congress of Ethnobiology in unique and diverse cultural 3. Natural Disaster Zones UPDATES ON ISE 4 Peru, the idea of an Asian characteristics of the area, and and Environmental ACTIVITIES regional conference was therefore the topic of “Sacred Mastery posited. When Dr. Yih-Ren Places”, which bears great 4. Local Indigenous Scientific Re-Evisioning Activity 4 Lin, Director of the Research local representation, was Education Global Coalition and 5 Centre for Austronesian chosen as an entrance point Ethics Committee Peoples at Providence into this conference. In order 5. Indigenous Policies and University, was elected as the to reflect the commitment to Biological/Cultural Ethics Toolkit 6 Asian Representative for ISE, research ethics and explore Diversity Conservation 2009-2011 Darrell 7 he was encouraged to hold the academic and practical 6. Traditional Ecological Posey Fellowship the First Asian Conference of dialectical spirit in this Recipients Knowledge Ethnobiology (FACE; www.ise- interdisciplinary field, the topic 7. Indigenous Area Reports: 2006-2008 8 asia.org). of participatory research Research and Research Darrell Posey Small The aim of this conference is methodology was specifically Methodology added. CONFERENCE 10 to address topics that have 8. Religion and Indigenous been long-term priorities for The focus of the ISE FACE is REPORTS Sacred Spaces the ISE that also relate to the “The Position of Indigenous Snowchange 10 portrayal of Indigenous culture Peoples, Sacred Places and 9. -
Thinking About the Human Bias in Our Ecological Analyses for Biodiversity Conservation Sérgio De Faria Lopes1,*
REVIEW Ethnobiology and Conservation 2017, 6:14 (18 August 2017) doi:10.15451/ec2017086.14124 ISSN 22384782 ethnobioconservation.com The other side of Ecology: thinking about the human bias in our ecological analyses for biodiversity conservation Sérgio de Faria Lopes1,* ABSTRACT Ecology as a science emerged within a classic Cartesian positivist context, in which relationships should be understood by the division of knowledge and its subsequent generalization. Overtime, ecology has addressed many questions, from the processes that lead to the origin and maintenance of life to modern theories of trophic webs and non equilibrium. However, the ecological models and ecosystem theories used in the field of ecology have had difficulty integrating man into analysis, although humans have emerged as a global force that is transforming the entirety of planet. In this sense, currently, advances in the field of the ecology that develop outside of research centers is under the spotlight for social, political, economic and environmental goals, mainly due the environmental crisis resulting from overexploitation of natural resources and habitat fragmentation. Herein a brief historical review of ecology as science and humankind’s relationship with nature is presented, with the objective of assessing the impartiality and neutrality of scientific research and new possibilities of understanding and consolidating knowledge, specifically local ecological knowledge. Moreover, and in a contemporary way, the human being presence in environmental relationships, both as a study object, as well as an observer, proposer of interpretation routes and discussion, requires new possibilities. Among these proposals, the human bias in studies of the biodiversity conservation emerges as the other side of ecology, integrating scientific knowledge with local ecological knowledge and converging with the idea of complexity in the relationships of humans with the environment. -
Ethnobotany List 121
bookfever.com list 121 ETHNOBOTANY We are pleased to present our first list dedicated to books in the general area of Ethnobotany. The study of useful plants is an ancient discipline, but the term ethnobotany to indicate a sepa- rate and distinct branch of the natural sciences did not come into use until 1895. It is, by defini- tion, interdisciplinary, drawing from botany, medicine, anthropology, religion, religion, history, pharmacology, phytochemistry and conservation and the books we offer reflect this wide range of disciplines. Although simply listed alphabetically by author, there are many books related to the use of plants in Africa, Hawaii and the Pacific, Asia and the Americas, and others describing the use of psychoactive plants in ancient religions and modern times. Brief terms: Please call or email to hold. Prices include media mail shipping in the USA. Other countries incremental cost. Payment may be by credit card, Paypal or check. Institutions may request an invoice. 1. Adler, Leonore Loeb and B. Runi Mukherji, editors. SPIRIT VERSUS SCALPEL: Traditional Healing and Modern Psychotherapy. Westport, CT & London: Bergin & Garvey, (1995) First printing. "Unique presentation of traditional and modern healing and mental health practices." Fore- words by Albert Pepitone and Uwe P. Gielen, introduction by the editors. Contains 15 papers, including J. Beatty "Cultural Perceptions of Life & Death"; D.A.Louw & E. Pretorius "The Traditional Healer in a Multicultural Society: The South African Experience"; E. Golomb "Oracles in Ladakh: A Personal Experience"; N.R. Mrinal, et al: "Traditional Healing in India"; S.S. de Silva & W.J. Epps "A Study of Curative Options Available in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka"; A. -
How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: a Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M
Journal of Ecological Anthropology Volume 14 Article 3 Issue 1 Volume 14, Issue 1 (2010) 2010 How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M. Lampman Washington College Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea Recommended Citation Lampman, Aaron M.. "How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico." Journal of Ecological Anthropology 14, no. 1 (2010): 39-51. Available at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol14/iss1/3 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Ecological Anthropology by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lampman / Tzeltal Ethnoecology How Folk Classification Interacts with Ethnoecological Knowledge: A Case Study from Chiapas, Mexico Aaron M. Lampman ABSTRACT Folk taxonomies play a role in expanding or contracting the larger domain of ethnoecological knowledge that influences when and how cultural groups use living things. This paper demonstrates that ethnomycological clas- sification is limited by utilitarian concerns and examines how Tzeltal Maya ethnoecological knowledge, although detailed and sophisticated, is heavily influenced by the structure of the folk classification system. Data were col- lected through 12 months of semi-structured and structured interviews, including freelists (n=100), mushroom collection with collaborators (n=5), open-ended interviewing (n=50), structured responses to photos (n=30), structured responses to mushroom specimens (n=15), and sentence frame substitutions (n=20). These interviews were focused on Tzeltal perceptions of mushroom ecology. -
Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology
Science Education International 30(4), 310-318 https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v30.i4.8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intercultural Competence and Skills in the Biology Teachers Training from the Research Procedure of Ethnobiology Geilsa Costa Santos Baptista*, Geane Machado Araujo 1Department of Education, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil, 2Department of Biology, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana City, Bahia State, Brazil *Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT We present and discuss the results of qualitative research based on a case study with biology undergraduate students from a public University of Bahia state, Brazil. The objective was to identify the influence of practical experiences involving ethnobiology applied to science teaching on intercultural dialogue into their initial training. To collect data, undergraduate students were asked to construct narratives revealing the influences of ethnobiology into their training as future teachers. Data were analyzed according to Bardin (1977) and supported by specific literature from the fields of science education and teaching. The thematic categories generated lead us to conclude that the undergraduates of biology teaching made reflections that allowed them to build opinions with meanings that should influence their pedagogical practices with intercultural dialogue. We recommend further studies involving ethnobiology and the training of biology teachers, with a larger sample of participants and the methodological and theoretical procedures of this science. Improvements could be made in biology teacher education curricula that encourage respect and consideration of cultural diversity. We highlight that it is imperative for teacher education courses to generate opportunities for on-site practical experience, in addition to the theory used in the classroom. -
Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet)
Geo-Eco-Trop, 2012, 36: 185-199 Ü Ethnomycology and Ethnobotany (South Central Tibet). Diversity, with emphasis on two underrated targets: plants used for dyeing and incense. Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional). Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. François MALAISSE1, William CLAUS2, Pelma DROLKAR3, Rinchen LOPSANG3, Lakpa WANGDU3 & Françoise MATHIEU4 Résumé: Ethnomycologie et ethnobotanique des Ü (Tibet centro-méridional).- Diversité, y compris deux thèmes méconnus: plantes tinctoriales et encens. Dans le cadre d’un programme consacré à la prévention et la recherche sur la maladie des Gros Os et mis en œuvre par la Kashin-Beck Disease Fund en Région Autonome du Tibet (R.P. Chine), une étude écologique a été développée dans la partie centro-méridionale au cours de 8 séjours de 2 à 3 semaines (1998- 2007). Elle a permis de dégager, puis de renforcer l’intérêt d’une approche agro-environnementale dans la compréhension et la prévention de cette maladie. Parallèlement, la connaissance ethnomycologique et ethnobotanique des Ü-Tsang de ce territoire a été recensée. Au-delà de la connaissance bien documentée des plantes médicinales et de l’ethnopharmacologie, connaissance qui sera très brièvement rappelée, l’étude a abordé des thèmes méconnus, tels que la reconnaissance des unités de végétation, la diversité des nourritures alternatives (champignons, herbes potagères, épices, plantes aromatiques, condiments, organes souterrains, fleurs et fruits charnus consommés), l’utilisation des plantes en phytotechnie et pour le bien-être domestique. Une attention particulière a été consacrée aux plantes tinctoriales et à celles utilisées pour l’encens. Enfin, les menaces pesant sur cette biodiversité sont dégagées et des suggestions pour une meilleure gestion sont énoncées. -
THE UNIVERSITY of a R I Z O NA P R E S S Main Library Building, 5Th floor Congratulations to 1510 E
spring/summer 2016 THE UNIVERSITY OF A R I Z O NA P R E S S Main Library Building, 5th floor Congratulations to 1510 E. University Blvd. Juan Felipe Herrera, Tucson, Arizona 85721 www.uapress.arizona.edu Poet Laureate UC-Riverside courtesy Photo CONTENTS Anthropology, 28, 30, 32–34 Archaeology, 33–40 Border Studies, 17–19 Cooking, 13 Drama, 14–15 Environmental Literature, 16 Environmental Studies, 10–11, 13 Ethnobiology, 12 Ethnohistory, 35 Juan Felipe Herrera is the nation’s twenty-first Indigenous Studies, 6–7, 21–27, 29–31 Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry for 2015–2016. Latin American Studies, 28–33 Herrera, who assumed duties in the fall, said of the Latino Literature 1, 14 appointment, “This is a mega-honor for me, for my family and my parents who came up north before Latino Studies, 15–17, 19 and after the Mexican Revolution of 1910—the Music, 23 honor is bigger than me.” Native American Literature, 4 The son of migrant farm workers, Herrera at- Nature & Natural History, 2–3, 5, 10–13 tended the University of California, Los Angeles, Photography, 5 and Stanford University, and received a master of Poetry, 1–4 fine arts from the University of Iowa Writer’s Work- Space Science, 8–9 shop. For his poetry, Herrera has received numerious Western History, 6, 18, 20–22 awards, including two Latino Hall of Fame Poetry Awards and a PEN USA National Poetry Award. Recently Published Books, 41–42 Herrera has published seven collections with the Recent Best Sellers, 43–47 University of Arizona Press, including Half of the Sales Information, 48 World in Light: New and Selected Poems, which Index, inside back cover received the National Book Critics Circle Award. -
9780857458797.Pdf
Environmental Anthropology Engaging Ecotopia Environmental Anthropology and Ethnobiology General Editor: Roy Ellen, FBA Professor of Anthropology and Human Ecology, University of Kent at Canterbury Interest in environmental anthropology has grown steadily in recent years, refl ecting na- tional and international concern about the environment and developing research priori- ties. 'Environmental Anthropology and Ethnobiology' is an international series based at the University of Kent at Canterbury. It is a vehicle for publishing up-to-date monographs and edited works on particular issues, themes, places or peoples which focus on the interrelation- ship between society, culture and the environment. Volume 1 Volume 10 The Logic of Environmentalism: Anthropology, Landscape, Process and Power: Re-Evaluating Ecology and Postcoloniality Traditional Environmental Knowledge Vassos Argyrou Edited by Sabrina Heckler Volume 2 Volume 11 Conversations on the Beach: Fishermen’s Mobility and Migration In Indigenous Knowledge, Metaphor and Environmental Amazonia: Contemporary Ethnoecological Change in South India Perspectives Götz Hoeppe Edited by Miguel N. Alexiades Volume 3 Volume 12 Green Encounters: Shaping and Contesting Unveiling the Whale: Discourses on Whales Environmentalism in Rural Costa Rica and Whaling Luis A. Vivanco Arne Kalland Volume 4 Volume 13 Local Science vs. Global Science: Approaches Virtualism, Governance and Practice: Vision to Indigenous Knowledge in International and Execution in Environmental Conservation Development Edited by -
Program of the 34Th Annual Meeting of the Society of Ethnobiology
Program of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of Ethnobiology Historical and Archaeological Perspecives in Ethnobiology May 4 - 7, 2011 Columbus, Ohio Welcome to the 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of Ethnobiology This meeting continues a long tradition in our Society. Since the first Society meeting in 1978 – when many of the world’s leading ethnobiologists came together to share ideas – the Society has been at the forefront of inter-disciplinary ethnobiological research. Equally important, since those first days, the Society has created and nurtured a worldwide ethnobiological community that has become the intellec- tual and emotional home for scholars world-wide. Our meetings are the forum for bringing this community together and our world-class journal is the venue for sharing our research more broadly. For my part, my deep commitment to the Society began as a student in 1984, at the 7th Annual meetings. At that time, I was fortunate to present the results of my Masters research (while referring to text on glossy erasable typing paper!) in Harriet Kuhnlein’s session on her inter-disciplinary and community-based “Nuxalk Food and Nutrition Project”. This project and indeed my opportunity to be involved in it (as a Masters student in Archaeology, of all things), exemplifies the potential of ethnobiology to make linkages. Looking at the society today, we see abundant linkages between academic disciplines, between academic and non-academic knowledge holders, and between advanced scholars and new researchers. This is what the Society of Ethnobiology is all about. In the past four years, your Board and many other Society volunteers have worked hard to promote the Society’s goals by focus- ing on these linkages. -
Agrobiodiversity in an Oasis Archipelago
Journal of Ethnobiology 33(2): 203–236 Fall/Winter 2013 AGROBIODIVERSITY IN AN OASIS ARCHIPELAGO Rafael de Grenade and Gary Paul Nabhan Oases on Mexico’s Baja California peninsula harbor farms and gardens which largely feature crops first introduced by Jesuit missionaries (1697–1768). These spring-fed agricultural landscapes are currently managed as diverse agroecosystems with original heritage food crop species as well as newer crop and livestock introductions. These isolated landscapes are relict sanctuaries for unique desert crop varieties and farming systems that may be important for in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity and crop resources. Historical records in 1774 describe twenty-one original perennial crop species introductions in cultivation on the peninsula just after the Jesuit expulsion. This research expands rapid-assessment surveys conducted in nine mission oasis sites on the peninsula in 2010 through in-depth surveys of Mission era and total perennial crop species richness and relative frequency in twelve Jesuit mission oases. In all, 241 large field-gardens were surveyed with eighty-nine total perennial crop species cultivated in the mission oases. Species-area and rank-abundance relationships were calculated to determine patterns of inter and intra-oasis agrobiodiversity. A high persistence of Mission era species indicates that these oases serve as agrobiodiversity refugia, or protected source areas for heritage perennial crop species. The cultural and agricultural islands of the oases should be considered as an archipelago of interconnected sites for the long-term resilience of the region’s farming and food systems. Key words: Baja California Peninsula, Oases, Agrobiodiversity, Mission era species; In situ conservation Los oasis de la penı´nsula de Baja California, Me´xico tienen predios agrı´colas y huertas que presentan cultivos foraneos introducidos por primera vez por los misioneros jesuitas entre 1697 a 1768.