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The Future of International Relation: Masters in the Making? The Future of International Relations The Future of International Relations presents the state of the art of international relations theory through an analysis of the work of twelve key contemporary thinkers. The authors break with the procedure in the field which juxtaposes aspects of the work of contemporary theorists with others, presenting them as part of a disembodied school of thought or paradigm. A more individual focus can demonstrate instead, the well-rounded character of some of the leading oeuvres and can thus offer a more representative view of the discipline. The book covers the work of theorists whom students of international relations will read and sometimes struggle with. Each chapter places the thinker in the landscape of the discipline, identifies how they go about studying International Relations and discusses what others can learn from them. The twelve theorists are: John Vincent, Kenneth Waltz, Robert O.Keohane, Robert Gilpin, Bertrand Badie, John G.Ruggie, Hayward Alker, Nicholas G.Onuf, Alexander Wendt, Jean Bethke Elshtain, R.B.J.Walker and James Der Derian. Iver B.Neumann is head of the Centre for Russian Studies at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs. He is also Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute 1995–6. Ole Wæver is Senior Research Fellow at Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (COPRI). He is also SSRC MacArthur Post- Doctoral Fellow at the University of California at Berkeley 1996–7. The New International Relations Edited by Barry Buzan, University of Warwick, and Gerald Segal, International Institute for Strategic Studies, London The field of international relations has changed dramatically in recent years. This new series will cover the major issues that have emerged and reflect the latest academic thinking in this particularly dynamic area. International Law, Rights and Politics Developments in Eastern Europe and the CIS Rein Mullerson The Logic of Internationalism Coercion and accommodation Kjell Goldmann Russia and the Idea of Europe A Study in Identity and International Relations Iver B.Neumann The Future of International Relations Masters in the Making? Edited by Iver B.Neumann and Ole Wæver London and New York First published 1997 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 © 1997 Iver B.Neumann and Ole Wæver; the contributors, individual chapters All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book has been requested ISBN 0-203-99362-4 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-415-14407-8 (hbk) 0-415-14408-6 (pbk) Contents Figures vii Tables viii Contributors ix Foreword xii Series editor’s preface xiii 1 Figures of international thought: introducing persons instead of 1 paradigms Ole Wæver 2 John Vincent and the English School of International Relations 41 Iver B.Neumann 3 Kenneth Waltz: a critical rationalist between international 71 politics and foreign policy Hans Mouritzen 4 Robert O.Keohane: a contemporary classic 96 Michael Suhr 5 Robert Gilpin: the realist quest for the dynamics of power 129 Stefano Guzzini 6 Bertrand Badie: cultural diversity changing International 155 Relations? Anna Leander 7 John G.Ruggie: transformation and institutionalization 182 Ole Wæver 8 Hayward Alker: an exemplary voyage from quantitative peace 220 research to humanistic, late-modern globalism Heikki Patomäki 9 Nicholas G.Onuf: the rules of anarchy 254 Marlene Wind vi 10 Alexander Wendt: a social scientist struggling with history 290 Erik Ringmar 11 Jean Bethke Elshtain: traversing the terrain between 312 Jenny Edkins and Véronique Pin-Fat 12 R.B.J.Walker and International Relations: deconstructing a 339 discipline Lene Hansen 13 James Der Derian: the unbearable lightness of theory 361 Jef Huysmans 14 Conclusion 384 Iver B.Neumann Index 397 Figures 1.1 The interparadigm debate 15 1.2 The neo-neo synthesis 18 1.3 IR debate of the 1980s 20 1.4 Comparing the third and fourth debates 23 1.5 The 1990s? 23 3.1 Level and object of explanation in Waltz’s Man, the State, and War and 73 Theory of International Politics 3.2 Waltz’s theory of international politics 75 3.3 The intrusion of the unit/system cleavage into Waltz’s theory 86 13.1 Paradigms of diplomacy 369 Tables 6.1 Modernity viewed by contemporary thinkers from the Muslim world 164 6.2 Contemporary political regimes’ handling of the culture of riot 166 Contributors Jenny Edkins teaches in the Department of International Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth where she is completing a PhD on theories of ideology and international politics, centred on a study of discourses of African famine. She also teaches for the Open University and for the Extra Mural Department in Aberystwyth. Her publications include ‘Post- International Politics: An Emerging Dissident Literature’ (with Véronique Pin- Fat), in Rohit Lekhi (ed.) The State of the Academy: New Reflections on Political Studies, London: Network, 1995. She is a convenor of the Aberystwyth PostInternational Group (APIG), and is currently working on a book (with Nalini Persram and Véronique Pin-Fat) based on APIG’s recent Sovereignty and Subjectivity conference. Stefano Guzzini, PhD, is Assistant Professor at the Central European University, Budapest College. He has recently published: ‘Structural Power: the Limits of Neo-realist Power Analysis’, International Organization, 1993; ‘The “Long Night of the First Republic”: Years of Clientelistic Implosion in Italy’, Review of International Political Economy 1995, which appeared also in the Revue Française de Science Politique 44(6) (December 1994); and Realism in International Relations and International Political Economy: The Continuing Story of a Death Foretold, London, New York: Routledge, 1996. Lene Hansen holds an MA in political science and is currently a PhD candidate at the Institute of Political Science, University of Copenhagen, writing a dissertation about the role of NATO in post-Cold War European security. She has published review essays on European security in Co- operation and Conflict and Peace and Change and with Helle Stauersböll written International Forvaltnings Teori: En Model of dens begrcensninger— UNESCO, UNCTAD og FN’s fredsbevarende styrker [Theory on the International Civil Service: a Model and its Limitations—UNESCO, UNCTAD and UN Peacekeeping Forces], Copenhagen: Political Studies Press, 1992. Jef Huysmans, PhD (Leuven, Belgium), is Lecturer at the London Centre of International Relations, University of Kent at Canterbury. His thesis dealt with Making/Unmaking European Disorder. He has published on international x regime theory, poststructural theory in International Relations (IR), migration and securitization, and (in)security in the post-Cold War world (including OSCE and Humanitarian Intervention). Anna Leander is Assistant Professor at the Central European University, Budapest College. She is completing her PhD at the European University Institute, Florence, on the political economy of the Turkish state. She has recently published: ‘Is a Leading State an Advantage? State Management of Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey’, in N.Ayubi (ed.) Distant Neighbours. The Political Economy of Relations between Europe and the Middle East/ North Africa, Reading, Berks: Ithaca Press, 1995; Turkish Businessmen and the Middle East Peace Process’, in L.Blin and P.Fargues (eds) L’économie de la paix au Proche-Orient, Vol.2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Larose/CEDEJ, 1995; ‘“Robin Hood” Politics? Turkey Missing a Chance to Adopt a New Model in the 1990s’, Review of International Political Economy, 1996. Hans Mouritzen is Dr Scient Pol and an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen. Since 1993 he has been a project director for ‘Norden in a Transforming Europe’ at the Center for Peace and Conflict Research, Copenhagen. His books include Finlandization: Towards a General Theory of Adaptive Politics, Aldershot, Hants: Gower, 1988; The International Civil Service. A Study of Bureaucracy: International Organizations, Aldershot, Hants: Dartmouth, 1990; External Danger and Democracy: Old Nordic Lessons and New European Challenges, Aldershot, Hants: Dartmouth, 1996; and with Ole Wæver and Håkan Wiberg, European Integration and National Adaptations. A Theoretical Inquiry, New York: Nova Science, 1996. Iver B.Neumann, DPhil (Oxon.), is Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute, Florence (1995–6) and heads the Centre for Russian Studies, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Oslo. His latest book is Russia and the Idea of Europe: A Study in Identity and International Relations, London: Routledge, 1995. Articles by him have appeared in journals such as Review of International Studies (1994/1), East European Society and Politics (1993/2), Journal of Peace Research (1992/2) and European Journal of International Relations
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