International Collaborative Exercises (Ice)

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP)

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Summary Report

BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS 2013/2 INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Table of contents Introduction Page 3 Comments from the International Panel of Forensic Experts Page 3 Codes and Abbreviations Page 4 Sample 1 Analysis Page 5 Identified substances Page 5 Statement of findings Page 6 Identification methods Page 10 Summary Page 12 Z-Scores Page 13 Sample 2 Analysis Page 15 Identified substances Page 15 Statement of findings Page 16 Identification methods Page 20 Summary Page 22 Z-Scores Page 23 Sample 3 Analysis Page 25 Identified substances Page 25 Statement of findings Page 27 Identification methods Page 31 Summary Page 33 Z-Scores Page 34 Sample 4 Analysis Page 36 Identified substances Page 36 Statement of findings Page 38 Identification methods Page 42 Summary Page 44

Test Samples Information

Samples Comments on samples Sample 1 To prepare BS-1, urine was spiked with 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) (1590 ng base/ml), as an ethanolic solution. The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised

Sample 2 To prepare BS-2, urine was spiked with Gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB) (14360 ng base/ml), as an aqueous solution. The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised

Sample 3 To prepare BS-3, urine was spiked with Amfetamine sulphate (1570ng/ml, 1150 ng base/ml) and Metamfetamine hydrochloride (4290 ng/ml, 3450 ng base/ml) as aqueous solutions. The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised Sample 4 BS-4 was a blank test sample containing no substances in the ICE menu

Samples Substances Concentrations Comments on substances Sample 1 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C- 1590 ng/ml B) Sample 2 gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) 14360 ng/ml Sample 3 Metamfetamine 3450 ng/ml Amfetamine 1150 ng/ml Sample 4 [blank sample]

This report contains the data received from laboratories participating in the current exercise. The results compiled in this report are not intended to be an overview of the quality of work and cannot be interpreted as such. These comments do not reflect the general state of the art within the profession.

Participant results are reported using a randomly assigned "WebCode". This code maintains participant's anonymity, provides linking of the various report sections, and will change with every report.

An important element of the UNODC International Quality Assurance Programme (IQAP) is the implementation of the International Collaborative Exercises (ICE). The exercises allow laboratories, from both developing and developed countries, to continuously monitor their performance in drug testing on a truly global scale. Two rounds are offered per year with each round presenting participants with four different test samples for analysis.

This report provides information on the analytical results of laboratories participating in the Biological Specimens (BS) group. In order to maintain confidentiality, the participating laboratories have been assigned random “Web Codes”, which change every round. The analytical results returned by laboratories participating in ICE are evaluated by UNODC and a confidential report is provided to each laboratory on its own performance. The overall analytical results are reviewed by the UNODC’s International Panel of Forensic Experts, which oversees the implementation of these exercises, and offers guidance and support in addressing relevant quality issues. The exercises provide an overview of the performance and capacity of participating laboratories and enable UNODC to tailor technical support in the laboratory sector for greatest impact. Comments from the International Panel of Forensic Experts

Participation of laboratories

Samples within both the Seized Materials (SM) and Biological Specimens (BS) test groups were sent to 165 laboratories in 59 countries. 63 laboratories participated in the BS test group and 62 (98%) laboratories submitted the results of their analysis in time for inclusion in the summary report, with 98% using the ICE portal for return of results.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the biological specimens test samples

Overall, the level of performance in identification of the test samples was good given the inherently higher level of difficulty in the analysis of biological specimens compared to seized materials. The complexity of the test samples in ICE 2013/2 was designed in order to challenge the participants and BS-1 contained 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) which was identified by 50% of participants. BS-2 contained gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), which was identified by 29% of participants. This represents an increase from the 22% of participants who identified this substance in the 2013/1 round of ICE. BS-3 contained a mixture of amphetamine and methamphetamine which were identified by 87% and 94% of participants respectively. BS-4 was a blank test samples containing no substances from the ICE menu. With regard to false positive results, there were a total of 13 throughout all the BS test samples in 2013/2 including a number of false positive results for the New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) pentedrone and 2C-D. As the ICE programme develops, UNODC will include further examples of representative NPS in the ICE menu to assist participants in their analysis and detection of emerging substances. ICE participants are encouraged to use the UNODC Early Warning Advisory on New Psychoactive Substances http://www.unodc.org/nps, to report NPS detected in their laboratories. This information will greatly assist UNODC to further target its technical assistance to ICE participants.

A modified Z-score was used for the statistical examination of the quantitative results, as it is a robust method based on absolute deviations from the median of all participant values and is relatively insensitive to outliers. The results for quantitative analysis within the BS test group were excellent. For BS-1, 9 out of 11 (82%) laboratories quantified the 2C-B with acceptable Z-scores. Within BS-2, 11 of 11 (100%) laboratories quantified the GHB with acceptable Z-scores and within BS-3, 22 of 26 (85%) quantified the amphetamine and 21 of 27 (78%) quantified the methamphetamine with Z-scores ≤3.5. It is encouraging to note that of those laboratories who did carry out quantification, 85% performed quantification on at least two of the four substances in all test samples. The predominant analytical techniques used by participants for quantification within the BS test group were GC/MS (72%), followed by LC/MS (16%).

Laboratories are encouraged to carry out quantification as it can improve the quality of laboratory analyses and can be helpful in assessing the significance of the results. Also, laboratories reporting false positive or false negative results should investigate the reasons for this and corrective actions should be taken in order to continuously improve performance. Participation in the ICE programme also helps in monitoring the effect of corrective actions.

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Codes and Abbreviations

(+) “positive”: Indicates that the analyte is identified; for presumptive tests (e.g. colour reactions), indicates that a positive reaction was obtained. (-) “negative”: Indicates that the analyte is not identified.

(ANP): Analysis not performed.

Tech Code Name 100 Agglutination Techniques 110 Enzyme Immunoassay Techniques 120 Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay 130 Radioimmunoassay 140 Colorimetric reactions 141 Marquis reagent (sulphuric acid, formaldehyde) 142 Cobalt thiocyanate 150 Thin Layer Chromatography 160 High/Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography 161 High Performance Liquid Chromatography with diode array detection 170 Gas Chromatography NPD 171 Gas Chromatography FID 172 Gas Chromatography ECD 180 Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry 190 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry 200 Spectrophotometry (visible, UV) 210 Others (specify) 211 NMR 220 Microcrystal test 230 Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry 231 Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Sample 1 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 1 Code Identified Substances 0M000K 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) 1141EE 2C-B 1QGKQ2 4-BROMO-2,5-DIMETHOXYPHENETHYLAMINE 1WETGW 2CB 2EBBHO 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 2KCYAI 2C-B 46IBBF 2CB 8DVTCL 4 bromo 2,5 dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) 9XZBR7 4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) BLIJKY 2C-B D4DPHG 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) DT7ISD 2C-B EJ2CHZ 2C-B FBENZD 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) G77E4Y 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine GDND33 4-Bromo-2,3-dimethoxyphenetylamine (2C-B) GGVBC9 2C-B H3JJHS no drugs IM1DVM 2C-B JEJOYK 2-CB LJFPOP 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine LLJIXJ 2C-B LRZE2T 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) NNNNNT pentedrone, 2 CB OQD7DK METANFETAMINA QGLOM0 2C-B RWEVZ2 2 CB SYYXMI 2C-B UMKJAA 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) UNFSFL 2C-B, 6-Monoacetylmorphine V4Q444 none VOG5LQ 2C-B W7ETOR ephedrine YJJ4JB 2-CB Z4FFXF 2C-D

Statement of findings for Test Sample 1

Code 4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethy lamine (2C-B) 0M000K + The sample contains 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) 0VK4JU ANP

0X49WT -

1141EE + Sample containing 2C-B 1QGKQ2 +

1WETGW + 2Cb is a controlled narcotic (illegal). 2EBBHO + DPR 309/90 2KCYAI + 2C-B was detected, this indicate that 2C-B was consumed 2LL22V ANP

3SSSXP ANP

46IBBF + Analytical Adverse Finding for 2CB in the sample. 4NPU45 ANP

8DVTCL + 2C-B is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. 2C-B is sold as a white powder sometimes pressed in tablet or gel caps. The drug is usually taken orally but can also be insufflated or vaporized. 2 C-B is a controlled narcotic in France 9XZBR7 + Urine sample was positive in 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) BHOY6O ANP

BLIJKY + -

Code 4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethy lamine (2C-B) BLSRL6 - no drugs found BT0LUQ ANP

D4DPHG + 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) was detected. DT7ISD +

E72F2D +

EJ2CHZ + This person consumed 2C-B. F7F96F ANP On analysis, no drug was found in the sample 2013/2/BS-1 FBENZD + Sample is positive for 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) G77E4Y + 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine GAISIJ ANP No se detectó GDND33 + As analytical standard was not available, quantification was not performed. GGVBC9 + Consumption of 2C-B. GH06SE ANP caffeine H3JJHS ANP

IM1DVM +

JEJOYK + BS1 positive for 2-CB JG8ZIW ANP None detected for controlled substances

Code 4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethy lamine (2C-B) JU0000 ANP

KVSKNU ANP

KZ1811 ANP

LJFPOP + non è stata quantificata perché non abbiamo standard LLJIXJ +

LRZE2T +

MPEEAM ANP

NNNNNT + controlled substances OO55M5 ANP Negative OQD7DK - LA MUESTRA DE ORINA LIOFILIZADA CONTIENE METANFETAMINA PP8BHL ANP

Q8883N ANP No hubo consumo de las drogas analizadas en cantidades detectables por las tecnicas empleadas. QGLOM0 +

QPMKNP ANP No drugs detected in BS1 RU1E3P ANP Analysis of test sample B2013/2/BS-1 utilizing an eight (8) panel presumptive immunochemical technique did not indicate the presence of drugs. RWEVZ2 + Absorption of 2 CB Comment : In BS1, presence of a physiologic concentration of GHB (412 ng/ml) SYYXMI + screening and confirm by GC-MS: positive

Code 4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethy lamine (2C-B) TEYUEO ANP Test sample 2013/2/BS-1 does not contain controlled drugs for the tests performed, therefore Negative. TF2GTH ANP

U8WWWW ANP

UMKJAA + Urine sample positive for 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) UNFSFL +

V4Q444 - none VDXO2T -

VOG5LQ +

W7ETOR ANP Ephedrine XJJRJO ANP No drug was detected in sample YJJ4JB + It indicates the intake of 2-CB Z4FFXF ANP

Identification methods for Test Sample 1

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Analytical Technique Codes Code 100 110 120 140 150 161 170 180 230 231 210 0M000K SI I Multi-Drug Screen Test Panel 0VK4JU I 0X49WT SI I I 1141EE SI SI 1QGKQ2 SI I 1WETGW SI I I 2EBBHO S I I 2KCYAI S I S Lateral Flow Immunoassay 2LL22V S I 3SSSXP I 46IBBF SI SI 4NPU45 S I 8DVTCL S I I 9XZBR7 S SI BHOY6O S I BLIJKY SI BLSRL6 S I BT0LUQ S I D4DPHG S I I Q-TOF DT7ISD S SI I I E72F2D S I EJ2CHZ S I F7F96F I I FBENZD S S I I G77E4Y S I I SI Kinetics Interactions of Microparticles GAISIJ S GDND33 S I I GGVBC9 S I GH06SE SI I I H3JJHS S I I IM1DVM S I I JEJOYK S I JG8ZIW S SI

Code 100 110 120 140 150 161 170 180 230 231 210 JU0000 SI KVSKNU S I KZ1811 S I I LJFPOP S I LLJIXJ S I LRZE2T SI I I I MPEEAM SI I NNNNNT SI OO55M5 S I OQD7DK S I PP8BHL S I Q8883N SI S Randox QGLOM0 S SI SI QPMKNP I RU1E3P S RWEVZ2 S I I SYYXMI S SI TEYUEO I I S Drug Test Kit TF2GTH S I U8WWW S I W UMKJAA S SI UNFSFL S I I V4Q444 S I I VDXO2T S I I VOG5LQ SI SI I W7ETOR I S DIPRO DRUGLAB SCREEN XJJRJO S I I YJJ4JB S I SI

Summary for BS-1 The response summary of all 62 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-1, frequency of use of screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives: Identification of BS-1: Response Summary Participants: 62

4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 31 (2C-B):

False positives for Test Sample 1

Code Name Technique NNNNN T Pentedrone 180 RWEVZ2 GHB 161/180 Z4FFXF 2C-D 180 OQD7DK MetamfetamineR 180 s: UNFSFL 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) 180/231 W7ETOR Ephedrine 150

False negatives for BS-1 (techinque(s) used) Code - OX49WT (161/180), BLSRL6 (110/180),OQD7DK (110/180) V4Q444 (150/180), VDXO2T (161/180)

There were 25 false negative results where analysis for 2C-B was not performed

Frequency of use of screening and identification techniques:

ResponseResponseResponse Summary SummarySummary Participants: 54 Participants:Participants: 62 61 100 110 120 140 150 161 170 180 230 231 210 SectionSection 100 110 120 231 Screening 1 38 8 1 3 0 1 12 1 2 4 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 4.8% 0.0% 1.6% 19.4% 1.6% 3.2% 6.5% Identification 0 6 2 1 4 9 4 53 3 11 3 0.0% 9.7% 3.2% 1.6% 6.5% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 4.8% # labs using 1 38 8 1 7 9 4 53 3 11 6 this 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 11.3% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 9.7% technique

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Z-Scores for Test Sample 1

4-Bromo-2,5- dimethoxyphenethylamine CODE (2C-B) MAD: 198.0 Conc. * AbsDev ZScore 0M000K 1349.0 181.0 0.6 8DVTCL 2221.7 691.7 2.4 BLIJKY 1100.0 430.0 1.5 D4DPHG 1728.0 198.0 0.7 FBENZD 474.0 1056.0 3.6 GGVBC9 1530.0 0.0 0.0 IM1DVM 1616.0 86.0 0.3 LRZE2T 1364.0 166.0 0.6 QGLOM0 1550.0 20.0 0.1 UNFSFL 798.2 731.8 2.5 Z4FFXF 3654.0 2124.0 7.2

*) Concentration: ng/ml

Z-Score has been calculated as modified Z-Score as it is a robust method and therefore relatively insensitive to outliers. Modified Z-Score = 0.6745 * AbsDev/MAD AbsDev = Absolute value of the difference between a laboratory value and the median of all the laboratory values for the given drug; MAD = median absolute deviation about the median. Modified Z-scores with an absolute value of greater than 3.5 should be considered as potential outliers. Reference: Iglewicz, B. and Hoaglin, D. C.: 1993 How to Detect and Handle Outliers, American Society for Quality Control, Milwaukee, WI

Round: 2013/2 Substance: BS-1/4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) Median = 1530 ng/ml MAD = 198 UNODC value =1590 ng/ml

Sample 2 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 2 Code Identified Substances 1WETGW GHB 2KCYAI GHB 8DVTCL GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) BLIJKY GHB DT7ISD - EJ2CHZ GHB FBENZD gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) G77E4Y NIL GDND33 GHB GGVBC9 GHB H3JJHS no drugs IM1DVM GHB LJFPOP GHB LRZE2T gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) NNNNNT pentedrone OQD7DK METANFETAMINA QGLOM0 GHB RWEVZ2 GHB U8WWWW GHB UNFSFL GHB V4Q444 gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) VOG5LQ GHB

Statement of findings for Test Sample 2

Code gamma- Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) 0M000K ANP

0VK4JU ANP

0X49WT ANP

1141EE ANP

1QGKQ2 ANP

1WETGW + The concentration of GHB (>10 mg/L) reflect a suspicion case of recreative use or drug-facilitated crime. 2EBBHO ANP

2KCYAI + GHB was detected, cuantification was not performed, but the sample concentration was greater than a urine sample containing 1000 ng/ml 2LL22V ANP

3SSSXP ANP

46IBBF -

4NPU45 ANP

8DVTCL + GHB is controlled substance since 1999. GHB has been used in a medical setting as a general anesthesic. 9XZBR7 ANP

BHOY6O ANP

BLIJKY + -

Code gamma- Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) BLSRL6 - no drugs found BT0LUQ ANP

D4DPHG ANP

DT7ISD ANP

E72F2D -

EJ2CHZ + This person consumed GHB or GBL. F7F96F ANP On analysis, no drug was found in the sample 2013/2/BS-2. FBENZD + Sample is positive for Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) G77E4Y ANP

GAISIJ ANP No se detectó GDND33 + It was also present its lactone GBL. As analytical standard was not available, quantification was not performed. GGVBC9 + Consumption of either GHB, GBL or 1,4-butanediol. GHB aciduria also can not be excluded. GH06SE ANP caffeine H3JJHS ANP

IM1DVM +

JEJOYK - BS2 negative JG8ZIW ANP None detected for controlled substances

Code gamma- Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) JU0000 ANP

KVSKNU ANP

KZ1811 ANP

LJFPOP + non è stata quantificata perché non abbiamo standard LLJIXJ -

LRZE2T +

MPEEAM ANP

NNNNNT - pentedrone is a controlled substance OO55M5 ANP Negative OQD7DK - LA MUESTRA DE ORINA LIOFILIZADA CONTIENE METANFETAMINA PP8BHL +

Q8883N ANP No hubo consumo de las drogas analizadas en cantidades detectables por las tecnicas empleadas. QGLOM0 +

QPMKNP ANP No drugs detected in BS 2 RU1E3P ANP Analysis of test sample B2013/2/BS-2 utilizing an eight (8) panel presumptive immunochemical technique did not indicate the presence of drugs. RWEVZ2 + Presence of a GHB concentration (9 500 ng/ml) indicative of an absorption of GHB SYYXMI - screening by Immunoassay technique: negative Confirmation by GC-MS technique: negative

Code gamma- Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) TEYUEO ANP Test sample 2013/2/BS-2 does not contain controlled drugs for the tests performed, therefore Negative. TF2GTH ANP

U8WWWW +

UMKJAA ANP

UNFSFL +

V4Q444 + GHB is uncontrolled substance VDXO2T -

VOG5LQ +

W7ETOR ANP

XJJRJO ANP No drug was detected in sample YJJ4JB ANP No drugs were found Z4FFXF ANP

Identification methods for Test Sample 2

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Summary for BS-2 The response summary of all 62 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-2, frequency of use of screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives: Identification of BS-2:

Response Summary Participants: 62

gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB): 18

False positives for Test Sample 2

Code Name Technique NNNNN T Pentedrone 180 OQD7DK Metamfetamine 180

False negatives for BS-2 (techinque(s) used) Code - 461BBF (180/231), BLSRL6 (180), E72F2D (180) JEJOYK (231), LLJIXJ (180), OQD7DK (180) SYYXMI (180, VDX OZT (161/180) NNNNNT (180)

There were 24 false negative results where analysis for GHB was not performed

Frequency of use of screening and identification techniques: Response Summary Response Response Participants: Summary Summary 54 Participants:Participants: 62 61

SectionSection 100 110 120 140 150150161 161170 170 180 230 231 210 Screening 1 38 8 1 3 0 1 12 1 2 4 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 4.8% 0.0% 1.6% 19.4% 1.6% 3.2% 6.5% Identification 0 6 2 1 4 9 4 53 3 11 3 0.0% 9.7% 3.2% 1.6% 6.5% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 4.8% # labs using 1 38 8 1 7 9 4 53 3 11 6 this 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 11.3% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 9.7% technique

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Z-Scores for Test Sample 2

gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) CODE MAD: 2310.0 Conc. * AbsDev ZScore 1WETGW 17451.0 6761.0 2.0 8DVTCL 16698.0 6008.0 1.8 BLIJKY 12200.0 1510.0 0.4 FBENZD 8380.0 2310.0 0.7 GGVBC9 10390.0 300.0 0.1 IM1DVM 14222.0 3532.0 1.0 LRZE2T 10690.0 0.0 0.0 PP8BHL 11000.0 310.0 0.1 QGLOM0 10400.0 290.0 0.1 U8WWWW 1800.0 8890.0 2.6 UNFSFL 166.1 10523.9 3.1

*) Concentration: ng/ml

Round: 2013/2 Substance: BS-2/gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Median = 10690 ng/ml MAD = 2310 UNODC value = 14360 ng/ml

Sample 3 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 3 Code Identified Substances 0M000K Amfetamine, Metamfetamine 0VK4JU Amfetamine and Metafetamine 0X49WT Amfetamine-metamfetamine-2C-B 1141EE Amfetamine+Methamfetamine 1QGKQ2 AMPHETAMINE, METHAMPHETAMINE 1WETGW amfetamine and metamfetamine 2EBBHO amfetamine, metamfetamine 2KCYAI Methamphetamine and Amphetamine 2LL22V amphetamine, metamphetamine 3SSSXP amfetamine, metanfetamine 46IBBF Amfetamine/S-methylamfetamine 4NPU45 Methamphetamine 8DVTCL amfetamine and metamfetamine 9XZBR7 amphetamine and methamphetamine BHOY6O amfetamine, metamfetamine BLIJKY Amfetamine, Metamfetamine BLSRL6 amfetamine, metamfetamine BT0LUQ metamfetamine D4DPHG amfetamine and metanfetamine DT7ISD amphetamine, methamphetamine EJ2CHZ Amphetamine and methamphetamine FBENZD Amfetamine, Metamfetamine G77E4Y Amphetamine, Methamphetamine GAISIJ Metanfetamina GDND33 Amfetamine & Metanfetamine GGVBC9 Amphetamine, Methamphetamine GH06SE amphetamine and methampetamine H3JJHS Amphetamine and methamphetamine IM1DVM A, MA JEJOYK Metaphetamine JG8ZIW Methamphetamine JU0000 Amphetamine and Methamphetamine KVSKNU Amphetamine and Methamphetamine LJFPOP amfetamine LLJIXJ metamfetamine, amfetamine LRZE2T Amfetamine and Metamfetamine MPEEAM Amfetamina Metamfetamina NNNNNT amphetamine, methamphetamine, pentedrone OO55M5 Amphetamine, Methamphetamine OQD7DK METANFETAMINA - ANFETAMINA

Code Identified Substances PP8BHL amphemine, metaphetamine Q8883N Amfetamine, Metamfetamine QGLOM0 Amfetamine, metamfetamine QPMKNP Amphetamine and Methamphetamine RWEVZ2 Amfetamine and metamfetamine SYYXMI Amphetamine and Methamphetamine TEYUEO Methamphetamine, Amphetamine TF2GTH methamphetamine U8WWWW Amphetamine/metamphetamine UMKJAA Amphetamine and methamphetamine UNFSFL Amphetamine, Methamphetamine V4Q444 metamfetamine and amfetamine VDXO2T Anfetamine and metanfetamine VOG5LQ Methamphetamine, amphetamine W7ETOR Amphetamine Type Stimulants XJJRJO Methamphetamine, Amphetamine YJJ4JB Amfetamine, Metamfetamine Z4FFXF amphetamine; methamphetamine

Statement of findings for Test Sample 3

Code Amfetamine Metamfetamine 0M000K + + The sample contains amfetamine and metamfetamine 0VK4JU + + Amfetamine and Metafetamine detected 0X49WT + + The substance 2C-B is the first positive result in this laboratory 1141EE + + Sample containing Amfetamine and methamfetamine 1QGKQ2 + +

1WETGW + + Amfetamine and metamfetamine was detected in urine. Results indicate the previous consumption of controlled narcotic (illegal), metamfetamine alone (amfetamine is a metabolite of metamfatamine) or amfetamine and metamfetamine. 2EBBHO + + DPR 309/90 2KCYAI + + Methamphetamine and its metabolite Amphetamine were detected, this indicate Methampetamine was consumed. 2LL22V + +

3SSSXP + +

46IBBF + + Adverse Analytical finding for amfetamine and S-methylamfetamine. Amfetamine is also a metabolite for S-methylamfetamine. 4NPU45 - + The urine was found to contain methamphetamine. 8DVTCL + + Amfetamine and metamfetamine are used for recreationnal purposes ans are both controlled narcotics in France. 9XZBR7 + + Urine sample was positive in amphetamine and methamphetamine BHOY6O + +

BLIJKY + + -

Code Amfetamine Metamfetamine BLSRL6 + + Consumption of amfetamine and metamfetamine BT0LUQ ANP + use of amfetamines/metamfetamines D4DPHG + + amfetamine and metanfetamine was detected. DT7ISD + +

E72F2D + +

EJ2CHZ + + This person consumed methamphetamine or methamphetamine and amphetamine. F7F96F + + On analysis, the sample of 2013/2/BS-3 was found to contain Amphetamine and Methamphetamine. FBENZD + + sample is positive for Amfetamine and Metamfetamine G77E4Y + + Amphetamine, Methamphetamine GAISIJ ANP ANP

GDND33 + +

GGVBC9 + + Consumption of Methamphetamine is most probable. Simultaneous Amphetamine use can not be excluded. GH06SE + + caffeine H3JJHS + + Amphetamine and methamphetamine could come from the intake of the drugs itself. Amphetamine could come from the metabolism of metamphetamine . IM1DVM + +

JEJOYK - + BS3 positive for Metamphetamine JG8ZIW - + Examination revealed the presence of Methamphetamine

Code Amfetamine Metamfetamine JU0000 + + Amphetamine and Methamphetamine were detected and found to be above the screening cutoff value. Therefore the result was positive identification for Amphetamine and Methamphetamine. KVSKNU + + These results are consistent with the use of amphetamine and methamphetamine. KZ1811 + +

LJFPOP + -

LLJIXJ + +

LRZE2T + +

MPEEAM + +

NNNNNT + + controlled substances OO55M5 + + Positive for amphetamine and methamphetamine OQD7DK + + LA MUESTRA DE ORINA LIOFILIZADA CONTIENE METANFETAMINA Y ANFETAMINA PP8BHL + +

Q8883N + + Hubo consumo de Metamfetamine. QGLOM0 + +

QPMKNP + + Amphetamine and Methamphetamine detected in BS 3 RU1E3P ANP ANP Analysis of test sample B2013/2/BS-3 utilizing an eight (8) panel presumptive immunochemical technique detected the presence of Amphetamines. In itself, positive results of presumptive analysis can not be used in court and require confirmation by a second, independent, specific confirmatory technique with at least an equivalent sensitivity. RWEVZ2 + + Absorption of metamfetamine and perhaps amfetamine. Amfetamine is also a metabolite of metamfetamine

Code Amfetamine Metamfetamine SYYXMI + + screening by Immunoassay technique: positive Confirmation by GC-MS technique: positive TEYUEO + + Test sample 2013/2/BS-3 was found to contain controlled drugs for Methamphetamine and Amphetamine therefore Positive for both the screening and confirmatory tests with concentration value of 3169.24 ng/ml (Methamphetamine) and 1122.79 ng/ml (Amphetamine). TF2GTH - + Urine contain methamphtamine U8WWWW + +

UMKJAA + + Urine sample positive for amphetamine and methamphetamine UNFSFL + +

V4Q444 + + we found metamfetamine as narcotics substance and amfetamine as metabolite VDXO2T + +

VOG5LQ + +

W7ETOR + + Amfetamine and Metamfetamine, norketamine XJJRJO + + Methamphetamine and amphetamine were detected in sample YJJ4JB + + It indicates the intake of Metamfetamine or of both amfetamine and metamfetamine. Z4FFXF ANP ANP

Identification methods for Test Sample 3

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Summary for BS-3 The response summary of all 62 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-3, frequency of use of screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives: Identification of BS-3:

Response Summary Participants: 62

Amfetamine: 54 Metamfetamine: 58

False positives for Test Sample 3

Code Name Technique NNNNN T Pentedrone 180 0X49WT 2C-B 161/180 W7ETOR Norketamine DIPRO lab screen

False negatives for BS-3 (techinque(s) used) Code - 4NPU45 (180), JEJOYX (231), JG8ZIW (180) LJFPOP (180), TF2GTH (150)

There was 1 false negative result where analysis for Amfetamine was not performed There were 3 false negative results where analysis for either Amfetamine or Metamfetamine was not performed

Frequency of use of screening and identification techniques: Response Summary Response Response Participants: Summary Summary 54 Participants:Participants: 62 61

Section 100 110 120 140 150 161 170 180 230 231 210 Screening 1 38 8 1 3 0 1 12 1 2 4 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 4.8% 0.0% 1.6% 19.4% 1.6% 3.2% 6.5% Identification 0 6 2 1 4 9 4 53 3 11 3 0.0% 9.7% 3.2% 1.6% 6.5% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 4.8% # labs using 1 38 8 1 7 9 4 53 3 11 6 this 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 11.3% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 9.7% technique

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INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Scores for Test Sample 3

Amfetamine Metamfetamine CODE MAD: 130.0 MAD: 342.5 Conc. * AbsDev ZScore Conc. * AbsDev ZScore 0M000K 1107.0 0.0 0.0 2995.0 310.0 0.6 1WETGW 1237.0 130.0 0.7 4089.0 784.0 1.5 2EBBHO 605.5 501.5 2.6 1480.2 1824.8 3.6 8DVTCL 1106.1 0.9 0.0 5256.5 1951.5 3.8 BLIJKY 1050.0 57.0 0.3 3325.0 20.0 0.0 BLSRL6 576.0 531.0 2.8 1126.0 2179.0 4.3 BT0LUQ 4200.0 895.0 1.8 EJ2CHZ 1030.0 77.0 0.4 3286.0 19.0 0.0 FBENZD 916.0 191.0 1.0 2656.0 649.0 1.3 G77E4Y 1080.0 27.0 0.1 3554.0 249.0 0.5 GDND33 3144.7 2037.7 10.6 3414.5 109.5 0.2 GGVBC9 910.0 197.0 1.0 3310.0 5.0 0.0 IM1DVM 1133.0 26.0 0.1 3522.0 217.0 0.4 KVSKNU 3275.0 30.0 0.1 KZ1811 4414.0 3307.0 17.2 2265.0 1040.0 2.0 LRZE2T 1079.0 28.0 0.1 3051.0 254.0 0.5 MPEEAM 4315.0 3208.0 16.7 6830.0 3525.0 6.9 NNNNNT 1759.0 652.0 3.4 1444.2 1860.8 3.7 OO55M5 1479.0 372.0 1.9 3532.0 227.0 0.4 PP8BHL 1200.0 93.0 0.5 3300.0 5.0 0.0 Q8883N 1651.0 544.0 2.8 5012.0 1707.0 3.4 QGLOM0 1200.0 93.0 0.5 3680.0 375.0 0.7 TEYUEO 1122.8 15.8 0.1 3169.2 135.8 0.3 U8WWWW 1026.0 81.0 0.4 3348.0 43.0 0.1 UNFSFL 538.9 568.1 2.9 1124.4 2180.6 4.3 VDXO2T 980.0 127.0 0.7 2740.0 565.0 1.1 W7ETOR 8000.0 6893.0 35.8 Z4FFXF 1384.0 277.0 1.4 4793.0 1488.0 2.9

*) Concentration: ng/ml

Round: 2013/2 Substance: BS-3/Amfetamine Median = 1107 ng/ml MAD = 130 UNODC value = 1150 ng/ml

Round: 2013/2 Substance: BS-3/Metamfetamine Median = 3305 ng/ml MAD = 343 UNODC value = 3450 ng/ml

Sample 4 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 4 Code Identified Substances BLIJKY - DT7ISD - G77E4Y NIL H3JJHS no drugs NNNNNT pentedrone OQD7DK METANFETAMINA V4Q444 none W7ETOR Coffeine

Statement of findings for Test Sample 4

Code [blank sample] 0M000K

0VK4JU

0X49WT

1141EE

1QGKQ2

1WETGW

2EBBHO

2KCYAI

2LL22V

3SSSXP

46IBBF

4NPU45

8DVTCL

9XZBR7

BHOY6O

BLIJKY -

BLSRL6 no drugs found

Code [blank sample] BT0LUQ

D4DPHG

DT7ISD

E72F2D

EJ2CHZ In this sample no drugs were found.

F7F96F On analysis, no drug was found in the sample 2013/2/BS-4.

FBENZD Sample contains no substance from ICE menu

G77E4Y

GAISIJ

GDND33

GGVBC9

GH06SE caffeine

H3JJHS

IM1DVM

JEJOYK BS4 negative

JG8ZIW None detected for controlled substances

JU0000

Code [blank sample] KVSKNU

KZ1811

LJFPOP

LLJIXJ

LRZE2T

MPEEAM

NNNNNT controlled substance

OO55M5 Negative

OQD7DK LA MUESTRA DE ORINA LIOFILIZADA CONTIENE METANFETAMINA

PP8BHL

Q8883N No hubo consumo de las drogas analizadas en cantidades detectables por las tecnicas empleadas.

QGLOM0

QPMKNP No drugs detected in BS 4

RU1E3P Analysis of test sample B2013/2/BS-4 utilizing an eight (8) panel presumptive immunochemical technique did not indicate the presence of drugs.

RWEVZ2

SYYXMI screening by Immunoassay technique: negative Confirmation by GC-MS technique: negative

TEYUEO Test sample 2013/2/BS-4 does not contain controlled drugs for the tests performed, therefore Negative.

Code [blank sample] TF2GTH

U8WWWW

UMKJAA

UNFSFL

V4Q444 none

VDXO2T

VOG5LQ

W7ETOR Coffeine

XJJRJO No drug was detected in sample

YJJ4JB No drugs were found

Z4FFXF

Identification methods for Test Sample 4

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Summary for BS-4 The response summary of all 62 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-4, frequency of use of screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives: Identification of BS-4:

False positives for Test Sample 4

Code Name Technique NNNNN T Pentedrone 180 OQD7DK Metamfetamine 180

Frequency of use of screening and identification techniques: ResponseResponse Summary Summary Participants: Response Participants: Summary 62 54 Participants: 61 Section 100 110 120 140 150 161 170 180 230 231 210 Screening 1 38 8 1 3 0 1 12 1 2 4 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 4.8% 0.0% 1.6% 19.4% 1.6% 3.2% 6.5% Identification 0 6 2 1 4 9 4 53 3 11 3 0.0% 9.7% 3.2% 1.6% 6.5% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 4.8% # labs using 1 38 8 1 7 9 4 53 3 11 6 this 1.6% 61.3% 12.9% 1.6% 11.3% 14.5% 6.5% 85.5% 4.8% 17.7% 9.7% technique

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The Laboratory and Scientific Section UNODC, International Centre Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 500 A-1400, Vienna, AUSTRIA Email: [email protected]