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Nové Rekreační Drogy
Neurotoxikologie nových „legálních rekreačních drog“ ze skupin empatogenů/entaktogenů a disociativ MUDr. S. Zakharov, CSc. Toxikologické informa ční st ředisko1 Klinika pracovního léka řství Nové rekrea ční drogy („Legal Highs“) - pojem • Nové syntetické psychoaktivní látky neuvedené v Jednotné Úmluv ě o omamných látkách, v zákonu č. 167/1998 Sb.; • Prodávají se legáln ě přes internet („smartshops“, „rostliny- zahrada-online“, „výzkumné chemikálie“, e-inzeráty, aj.) • „Je to jako hra na chemickou ruskou ruletu, protože nejsou údaje o toxicit ě, biometabolitech, fakrmakokinetice…“ (John W. Huffman) • „Clubbers‘ drugs“ – používají ~40% návštěvníků no čních klub ů •Účinky: stimulanty, empatogeny/entaktogeny, halucinogeny (psychedelika, delirianty, disociativa), sedativa, a kombinace… 2 Nové rekrea ční drogy • Výroba v Jihovýchodní Asii, Číně, balení a distribuce v Evropě a Spojených Státech. • Jednoduchá schémata syntézy (2-3 chemické reakce, běžné reagens (toluen, aceton...), vysoká stupe ň chemické čistoty (99%), nízké ceny; • Chemická struktura je podobná struktuře zakázaných (kontrolovaných) psychoaktivních látek; • „Výzkumné chemikálie“ seznam.cz –– 51 odkaz; google.cz – 82 700 odkaz ů; • www.bulkresearchchemicals.com; http://vip- 3 legals.com; www.buyanychem.com MDMA („Extáze“, éčko, koláč) – 3,4- MetylenDioxy-N-Metyl Amfetamin) • Syntezována v r. 1912 (A.Kollisch, Merck), rekrea ční použití od r. 1963, zákaz - 1985 (SZO, USA). • „Droga lásky“: empatogen ( R. Metzner, 1983) nebo entaktogen ( D. Nichols, 1986) - indukce pocit ů empatie, vcítění, soudružnosti, lásky, emoční blízkosti. • MDMA-asistovaná psychoterapie v léčbě posttraumatických stresových poruch (PTSD), (výzkum sponzorován MAPS USA (Multidisciplinary Association For Psychedelic Studies). • V ČR „malé množství“ – do 4 tbl. (400 mg). 4 Mechanismus účinku a toxicita MDMA • Efektivně uvol ňuje a inhibuje zpětné vychytávání SER (afinita k presynaptic- kému SERT), méně – DAT, NAT • Mírně nespecificky inhibuje MAO (A, B) • Mírný agonista 5-HT2-Re (změna percepce), DA2- Re (euforia), NA-Re (symp-mim. -
Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materialsd
Recommended methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materials (Revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES Photo credits:UNODC Photo Library; UNODC/Ioulia Kondratovitch; Alessandro Scotti. Laboratory and Scientific Section UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones in Seized Materials (Revised and updated) MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2020 Note Operating and experimental conditions are reproduced from the original reference materials, including unpublished methods, validated and used in selected national laboratories as per the list of references. A number of alternative conditions and substitution of named commercial products may provide comparable results in many cases. However, any modification has to be validated before it is integrated into laboratory routines. ST/NAR/49/REV.1 Original language: English © United Nations, March 2020. All rights reserved, worldwide. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of names of firms and commercial products does not imply the endorse- ment of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. Acknowledgements The Laboratory and Scientific Section of the UNODC (LSS, headed by Dr. Justice Tettey) wishes to express its appreciation and thanks to Dr. -
Quantification of Drugs of Abuse in Municipal Wastewater Via SPE and Direct Injection Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
Anal Bioanal Chem (2010) 398:2701–2712 DOI 10.1007/s00216-010-4191-9 ORIGINAL PAPER Quantification of drugs of abuse in municipal wastewater via SPE and direct injection liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Kevin J. Bisceglia & A. Lynn Roberts & Michele M. Schantz & Katrice A. Lippa Received: 2 June 2010 /Revised: 30 August 2010 /Accepted: 2 September 2010 /Published online: 24 September 2010 # US Government 2010 Abstract We present an isotopic-dilution direct injection 50 ng/L. We also present a modified version of this method reversed-phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spec- that incorporates solid-phase extraction to further enhance trometry method for the simultaneous determination of 23 sensitivity. The method includes a confirmatory LC separa- drugs of abuse, drug metabolites, and human-use markers in tion (selected by evaluating 13 unique chromatographic municipal wastewater. The method places particular emphasis phases) that has been evaluated using National Institute of on cocaine; it includes 11 of its metabolites to facilitate Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 1511 assessment of routes of administration and to enhance the Multi-Drugs of Abuse in Freeze-Dried Urine. Seven analytes accuracy of estimates of cocaine consumption. Four opioids (ecgonine methyl ester, ecgonine ethyl ester, anhydroecgo- (6-acetylmorphine, morphine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone) nine methyl ester, m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine, p-hydroxy- are also included, along with five phenylamine drugs benzoyl-ecgonine, ecgonine, and anhydroecgonine) were (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy- detected for the first time in a wastewater sample. methamphetamine, methylbenzodioxolyl-butanamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine) and two human- Keywords Wastewater . Illicit drugs . Urinary metabolites . use markers (cotinine and creatinine). -
(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
US 20130289061A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0289061 A1 Bhide et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 31, 2013 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO Publication Classi?cation PREVENT ADDICTION (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: The General Hospital Corporation, A61K 31/485 (2006-01) Boston’ MA (Us) A61K 31/4458 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Pradeep G. Bhide; Peabody, MA (US); CPC """"" " A61K31/485 (201301); ‘4161223011? Jmm‘“ Zhu’ Ansm’ MA. (Us); USPC ......... .. 514/282; 514/317; 514/654; 514/618; Thomas J. Spencer; Carhsle; MA (US); 514/279 Joseph Biederman; Brookline; MA (Us) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject (21) App1_ NO_; 13/924,815 comprising; administering a therapeutic amount of the neu rological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor; to thereby reduce or prevent the devel - . opment of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also (22) Flled' Jun‘ 24’ 2013 disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the develop ment of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subj ect; comprising; _ _ administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the (63) Continuation of application NO 13/389,959, ?led on development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Apt 27’ 2012’ ?led as application NO_ PCT/US2010/ Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising 045486 on Aug' 13 2010' a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor ’ antagonist. -
4-Methylethcathinone (4-MEC)
4‐Methylethcathinone (4‐MEC) Critical Review Report Agenda item 4.15 (R/S)‐ 2‐(Ethylamino)‐1‐(4‐methylphenyl) propan‐1‐one (4‐methyl‐N‐ethylcathinone, 4‐MEC) Expert Committee on Drug Dependence Thirty‐sixth Meeting Geneva, 16‐20 June 2014 36th ECDD (2014) Agenda item 4.15 4‐Methylethcathinone (4‐MEC) Page 2 of 20 36th ECDD (2014) Agenda item 4.15 4‐Methylethcathinone (4‐MEC) Acknowledgements This report has been drafted under the responsibility of the WHO Secretariat, Essential Medicines and Health Products, Policy Access and Rational Use Unit. The WHO Secretariat would like to thank the following people for their contribution in producing this critical review report: Dr Simon Brandt, United Kingdom (literature review and drafting), Dr Caroline Bodenschatz, Switzerland (editing) and Mr David Beran, Switzerland (questionnaire report drafting). Page 3 of 20 36th ECDD (2014) Agenda item 4.15 4‐Methylethcathinone (4‐MEC) Page 4 of 20 36th ECDD (2014) Agenda item 4.15 4‐Methylethcathinone (4‐MEC) Contents Summary.................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1. Substance identification ............................................................................................................................... 8 A. International Nonproprietary Name (INN) ......................................................................................... 8 B. Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number .......................................................................... -
Amfepramone (Diethylpropion) Elisa Kit Instructions Product #182119, 182116 & 182113 Forensic Use Only
Neogen Corporation 944 Nandino Blvd., Lexington KY 40511 USA 800/477-8201 USA/Canada | 859/254-1221 Fax: 859/255-5532 | E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.neogen.com/Toxicology AMFEPRAMONE (DIETHYLPROPION) ELISA KIT INSTRUCTIONS PRODUCT #182119, 182116 & 182113 FORENSIC USE ONLY INTENDED USE: For the determination of trace quantities of Amfepramone (Diethylpropion) and/or other metabolites in human samples. DESCRIPTION Neogen Corporation’s Amfepramone (Diethylpropion) ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) test kit is a qualitative one-step kit designed for use as a screening device for the detection of drugs and/or their metabolites. The kit was designed for screening purposes and is intended for forensic use only. It is recommended that all suspect samples be confirmed by a quantitative method such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). ASSAY PRINCIPLE The Neogen forensic drug detection ELISA is a solid phase immunoassay designed to detect drugs of abuse for forensic application. The test is performed in microwells coated with a high affinity capture antibody. A control or sample is added to the wells followed by an enzyme conjugate. During the following incubation period, the enzyme conjugate competes with the drug in the sample for binding sites on the antibody coated well. After a wash step to remove any unbound material, substrate is added for the color development process. Acid stop solution is added to discontinue the enzyme-substrate reaction. The color intensity is inversely proportional to the amount of drug present in the sample. Therefore, those samples which contain the drug will inhibit binding of the enzyme conjugate to the capture antibody resulting in less color than the negative control. -
Structure-Cytotoxicity Relationship Profile of 13 Synthetic Cathinones In
Neurotoxicology 75 (2019) 158–173 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Neurotoxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/neuro Structure-cytotoxicity relationship profile of 13 synthetic cathinones in differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells T ⁎ Jorge Soaresa, , Vera Marisa Costaa, Helena Gasparb,c, Susana Santosd,e, Maria de Lourdes Bastosa, ⁎ Félix Carvalhoa, João Paulo Capelaa,f, a UCIBIO, REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia), Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal b BioISI – Instituto de Biossistemas e Ciências Integrativas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal c MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal d Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal e Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal f FP-ENAS (Unidade de Investigação UFP em Energia, Ambiente e Saúde), CEBIMED (Centro de Estudos em Biomedicina), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Portugal ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Synthetic cathinones also known as β-keto amphetamines are a new group of recreational designer drugs. We Synthetic cathinones aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of thirteen cathinones lacking the methylenedioxy ring and establish a Classical amphetamines putative structure-toxicity profile using differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, as well as to compare their toxicity to that Cytotoxicity of amphetamine (AMPH) and methamphetamine (METH). Cytotoxicity assays [mitochondrial 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2- SH-SY5Y cells thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction and lysosomal neutral red (NR) uptake] per- Structure-toxicity relationship formed after a 24-h or a 48-h exposure revealed for all tested drugs a concentration-dependent toxicity. -
MDMA) Cause Selective Ablation of Serotonergic Axon Terminals in Forebrain: Lmmunocytochemical Evidence for Neurotoxicity
The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1988, 8(8): 2788-2803 Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and Methylenedioxymetham- phetamine (MDMA) Cause Selective Ablation of Serotonergic Axon Terminals in Forebrain: lmmunocytochemical Evidence for Neurotoxicity E. O’Hearn,” G. Battaglia, lab E. B. De Souza,’ M. J. Kuhar,’ and M. E. Molliver Departments of Neuroscience, and Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, and ‘Neuroscience Branch, Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 The psychotropic amphetamine derivatives 3,4-methylene- The synthetic amphetamine derivatives 3,4-methylenedioxy- dioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymetham- amphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphet- phetamine (MDMA) have been used for recreational and amine (MDMA) are potent mood-altering drugs that have at- therapeutic purposes in man. In rats, these drugs cause large tained public interest (Seymour, 1986) due to their widespread, reductions in brain levels of serotonin (5HT). This study self-administration by young adults (e.g., Klein, 1985). These employs immunocytochemistry to characterize the neuro- drugs have also been proposed for medical use in psychotherapy toxic effects of these compounds upon monoaminergic neu- because they produce augmentation of mood and enhanced in- rons in the rat brain. Two weeks after systemic administra- sight (Naranjo et al., 1967; Yensen et al., 1976; Di Leo, 198 1; tion of MDA or MDMA (20 mg/kg, s.c., twice daily for 4 d), Greer and Tolbert, 1986; Grinspoon and Bakalar, 1986). How- there is profound loss of serotonergic (5HT) axons through- ever, concern has been raised about the safety of these com- out the forebrain; catecholamine axons are completely pounds based on evidence that they may be toxic to brain seroto- spared. -
Immediate Action New Tests and Test Updates
Effective Date: Monday, August 26, 2013 New Tests and Test Updates Immediate Action In our continuing effort to provide you with the highest quality toxicology laboratory services available, we have compiled important changes regarding a number of tests we perform. Listed below are the types of changes that may be included in this notification, effective Monday, August 26, 2013 New Tests - Tests recently added to the NMS Labs test menu. New Tests are effective immediately. Test Changes - Tests that have had changes to the method/ CPT code, units of measurement, scope of analysis, reference comments, or specimen requirements. Discontinued Tests - Tests being discontinued with alternate testing suggestions. Please use this information to update your computer systems/records. These changes are important to ensure standardization of our mutual laboratory databases. If you have any questions about the information contained in this notification, please call our Client Support Department at (866) 522-2206. Thank you for your continued support of NMS Labs and your assistance in implementing these changes. The CPT Codes provided in this document are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. NMS Labs does not assume responsibility for billing errors due to reliance on the CPT Codes listed in this document. NMS LABS 3701 Welsh Road Willow Grove, PA 19090 www.NMSLabs.com Page 1 of 76 Effective Date: Monday, August 26, 2013 New Tests and Test Updates Test Test Name New Test Method / Specimen Stability Scope Units Reference Discontinue -
124.204 Schedule I — Substances Included. 1. Schedule I Shall Consist
1 , §124.204 124.204 Schedule I — substances included. 1. Schedule I shall consist of the drugs and other substances, by whatever official name, common or usual name, chemical name, or brand name designated, listed in this section. 2. Opiates. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: a. Acetylmethadol. b. Allylprodine. c. Alphacetylmethadol (except levo-alphacetylmethadol also known as levo-alpha- acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate, or LAAM). d. Alphameprodine. e. Alphamethadol. f. Alpha-Methylfentanyl (N-(1-(alpha-methyl-beta-phenyl) ethyl-4-piperidyl) propionanilide; 1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4-(N-propanilido)piperidine). g. Benzethidine. h. Betacetylmethadol. i. Betameprodine. j. Betamethadol. k. Betaprodine. l. Clonitazene. m. Dextromoramide. n. Difenoxin. o. Diampromide. p. Diethylthiambutene. q. Dimenoxadol. r. Dimepheptanol. s. Dimethylthiambutene. t. Dioxaphetyl butyrate. u. Dipipanone. v. Ethylmethylthiambutene. w. Etonitazene. x. Etoxeridine. y. Furethidine. z. Hydroxypethidine. aa. Ketobemidone. ab. Levomoramide. ac. Levophenacylmorphan. ad. Morpheridine. ae. Noracymethadol. af. Norlevorphanol. ag. Normethadone. ah. Norpipanone. ai. Phenadoxone. aj. Phenampromide. ak. Phenomorphan. al. Phenoperidine. am. Piritramide. an. Proheptazine. ao. Properidine. ap. Propiram. aq. Racemoramide. ar. Tilidine. as. Trimeperidine. at. Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl (other name: N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenethyl)- 3-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide). Thu May 19 07:35:43 2016 Iowa Code 2016, Section 124.204 (25, 1) §124.204, 2 au. Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(1-methyl-2-phenethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N- phenylacetamide). av. -
Download Product Insert
PRODUCT INFORMATION Cathinone Analytical Standards Panel Item No. 31616 Storage: -20°C Stability: ≥2 years Laboratory Procedures Uncap each vial to be used. Add 500 µl of methanol to each vial. This will provide a 200 µg/ml standard solution for each analyte. Re-cap the vials and place plate on a plate mixer or vortexer. Mix for a minimum of 15 minutes to ensure full reconstitution. The plate included in this panel contains a residual amount of glycerol to aid in the reconstitution of the analyte in methanol. Recovery in methanol has been validated for all analytes on the plate. Recovery from other solvents has not been verified. Description The Cathinone Analytical Standards Panel contains 239 analytical reference materials and standards categorized as cathinones and cathinone metabolites. These compounds are supplied at 100 μg/well in a 96-well plate format for rapid screening or cataloging. The plate included in this panel contains a residual amount of glycerol to aid in the reconstitution of the analyte in methanol. Recovery in methanol has been validated for all analytes on the plate. Recovery from other solvents has not been verified. Please review the product insert for a full list of targets. The Cathinone Analytical Standards Panel contains compounds regulated as Schedule I compounds in the United States and is regulated as a Schedule I item. This product is intended for research and forensic applications. Panel Contents Plate Well Contents Item Number Molecular Formula CAS Number 1 A1 Unused 1 A2 (−)-(S)-Cathinone (hydrochloride) -
Article 22 Regulation for Restriction of Synthetic Drugs
ARTICLE 22 REGULATION FOR RESTRICTION OF SYNTHETIC DRUGS SECTION 22.1 AUTHORITY This regulation is promulgated under the authority granted to the Needham Board of Health under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 111, Section 31 which states that “boards of health may make reasonable health regulations”. SECTION 22.2 PURPOSE The Needham Board of Health has found that synthetic marijuana, consisting of plant or other material treated with various chemicals or other synthetic substances not approved for human consumption, may be marketed and sold as herbal incense in the greater Boston area, although they are being used in the same manner and for the same purposes as scheduled drugs. In addition, the use of these products has become particularly popular among teens and young adults. Based on information and reports from hospitals, emergency room doctors, and police agencies, individuals who use these products experience dangerous side effects including convulsions, hallucinations, and dangerously elevated heart rates. This is evidence that synthetic marijuana products are harmful if inhaled or consumed, and present a significant public health danger. These synthetic compounds and others have a high potential for abuse and lack of any accepted medical use, these dangerous products, while not approved for human consumption, are marketed and sold in a form that allows for such consumption, putting at risk the individuals who come into contact with them. Therefore, the Needham Board of Health adopts this regulation for the purpose and with the intent to protect the public health and safety of the Town of Needham and its residents from the threat posed by the availability and use of synthetic marijuana, synthetic stimulants, synthetic hallucinogens, and other dangerous products by prohibiting persons from trafficking in, possessing, and using them within the town.