Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Medical Teaching Staff of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University, Kenya
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INFORMATION NEEDS AND SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL TEACHING STAFF OF THE FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, EGERTON UNIVERSITY, KENYA BY ANNE NAKHUMICHA TENYA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master in Information Science DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE FACULTY OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY KISII UNIVERSITY 2014 DECLARATION Declaration by the Candidate This is my original work and has not been presented for an award of a degree in any university known to me. Signature………………………………………Date………………………………… Anne Nakhumicha Tenya MIN 11/20007/11 Declaration by the Supervisors This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as the university supervisors. Signature……………………………………… Date………………………………… Dr. Elisha Ondieki Makori Lecturer, Department of Information Science Signature ……………………………………. Date………………………………… Mr. Festus Kipkorir Ng’etich Lecturer, Department of Information Science ii COPYRIGHT All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by means of mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing from the author or Kisii University. iii DEDICATION This thesis is first dedicated to my late parents Mr. Jacob Tenya Musamali and mayi Rhodah Chuma Tenya who amidst of a challenging economic environment; laid a foundation for my education. The thesis is also dedicated to my sons: Austin Avudi and Titus Aradi, for understanding my reason for being away and exercised a lot of patience towards my absence. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Many people have contributed towards the production of this thesis. I am greatly indebted to them all. I wish to express my special gratitude to my supervisors: Dr. Elisha Ondieki Makori and Mr. Festus Kipkorir Ng’etich for their commitment and professional guidance. I extend my sincere thanks to my classmate Moses Mong’are Gekara for ever finding time for consultations and offering moral support during the entire time of our studies. Thank you Hellen Nyongesa, Pamela Bateta and Joan Akoth, Vision Faith Group for the support you accorded me in the course of this study. Special thanks to Dr. Marie Khanyanji Khayesi for the tutorials and encouragement. My sincere thanks to: Dr. Charles Wafula Misiko and Miriam Nangila Chepkania for financial support. Above all, my greatest gratitude goes to God Almighty of whom I confidently say, ‘This far, the Lord has brought me’. While thanking the above, I wish to also state that any errors still in the thesis remain my own. v ABSTRACT This study investigated the information needs and seeking behaviour of medical teaching staff of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University. The study objectives were to identify the information needs of medical teaching staff at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University; determine the information-seeking behaviour patterns; establish the factors that influence the information-seeking behaviour, establish the challenges faced by medical teaching staff in meeting their information needs and propose recommendations to enhance the library’s service delivery to meet the information needs of medical teaching staff in the Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University. Understanding the information needs and seeking behaviour is important in helping information professionals to design information systems that respond to the needs and demands of users. The study utilized the model of information needs and information-seeking behaviour, theory of sense-making and model of information–seeking of professionals. The case study design was employed, where data was collected using a questionnaire for 50 medical teaching staff and an interview schedule for the Dean, Associate Dean and 11 heads of departments. Census sampling method of 63 medical teaching staff was used. Qualitative data was analyzed by means of content analysis, while quantitative one was through descriptive statistics by means of tables, percentages and weighted averages. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 14 was used as a tool for analysis. Findings revealed that medical teaching experienced common and diversified information needs and also had some similar and varying information- seeking behaviour. Findings also revealed that medical teaching staff were information literate, however, the staff’s information needs were not being fully satisfied by the available information systems due lack of understanding of the information needs and seeking behaviour. Results also showed that medical teaching staff experienced some barriers while seeking for information including lack of time, low internet connectivity, and outdated information sources. There is need to improve provision of services through adoption of electronic technologies to facilitate faster and easy access to information, subscribing to more health related databases, automating the library to facilitate 24/7 access, conducting regular user needs survey to identify the users information needs. This would help improve or re-design the existing information systems to effectively and efficiently meet the medical teaching staff’s information needs and also assist information professionals in the planning and management of information resources and services in other information sectors. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ……………………………………………………………………..ii COPYRIGHT…………………………………………………………………………iii DEDICATION………………………………………………………………………..iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………......v ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………..vi TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….vii LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………….....xiv LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………….................................xv LIST OF ACRONYMS ………………..……………………………………………xvi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………….1 1.0 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………..1 1.1 Background to the Study………………………………………………………...........1 1.1.1 History of Health Sciences Education and Training in Kenya .................................4 1.1.2 Egerton University ……………………………………………................................5 1.1.3 The Faculty of Health Sciences, Egerton University ………………………………7 1.1.4 Faculty of Health Sciences Library …………………………………………...........7 1.1.5 Library Services………………………………………………………………….....8 1.1.6 Circulation Services ………………………………………………………………..8 1.1.7 Reference and Information Services ……………………………………………….9 1.1.8 Interlibrary Services ………………………………………………………………..9 1.1.9 Information literacy Services ………………………………………………………9 1.1.10 Preservation Services ……………………………………………………………10 vii 1.1.11 Databases ………………………………………………………………………...10 1.2 Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………………10 1.3 Purpose of the Study ……………………………………………………… ….........12 1.3.1 Specific Objectives of the Study………………………………………………......12 1.4 Research Questions…………………………………………………………….........13 1.5 Assumptions of the Study…………………………………………………………...13 1.6 Significance of the Study …………………………………………………………...13 1.6.1 Theoretical Significance …………………………………………………………..13 1.6.2 Practical Significance ……………………………………………………………..14 1.7 Scope of the Study ………………………………………………………………….14 1.8 Limitations of the Study …………………………………………………………….14 1.9 Theoretical Framework ……………………………………………………………..15 1.9.1 Model of Information-Seeking Behaviour ……………………..............................15 1.9.2 Model of Information Needs ……………………………………...........................18 1.9.3 Model of Information-Seeking of Professionals ……………….............................20 1.9.4 Application of the Models in the Study …………………………………………..23 1.10 Definition of Terms ………………………………………………..........................25 1.11 Chapter Summary ………………..………………………………………………...26 CHAPTER TWO: RELATED LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………..27 2.0 Introduction……………………………………………………….............................27 2.1 Access and Use of Information in Medical Learning Institutions…………………..27 2.2 Information needs ………………. ………………………………………….............28 2.2.1 User Studies in Relation to Information Needs …………………………………...29 viii 2.3 Information-Seeking Behaviour …………………………………………………….32 2.3.1 Empirical Studies on Information-Seeking Behaviour ……………………...........32 2.3.2 Empirical Studies on Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Medical Professionals …………………………………………………………………….33 2.4 Information-Seeking Behaviour Patterns of Medical Professionals ………………..36 2.5 Factors that Influence Information-Seeking Behaviour …………………………….40 2.6 The Identified Knowledge Gap …………... …………………………......................42 2.7 Chapter Summary …………………………………………………………………...43 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………..44 3.0 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………44 3.1 Research Design ……………………………………………………………….........44 3.2 Study Area …………………………………………………………..........................44 3.3 Population of Study………………………………………………………………….44 3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques…………………………………………………..45 3.4.1 Sampling of Questionnaire Respondents……………………………………….....45 3.4.2 Sampling of Interviewees ………………………………………………………....45 3.5 Instruments of Data Collection……………………………………………………...46 3.5.1 Questionnaire……………………………………………………………………...46 3.5.2 Interview Schedule………………………………………………………..….……46 3.5.3 Document Review………………………………………………………................47 3.6 Research Instruments ……………………………………………………………….48 3.6.1 Pilot Study ………………………………………………………………………..48 3.6.2 Validity ……………………………………………………………………………48 ix 3.6.3 Reliability ………………………………………....................................................49 3.7 Ethical Considerations