BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory AnAn OverviewOverview

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 1 WhyWhy studystudy aboutabout ?Baptists?

►WhoWho areare we?we? ►WhereWhere diddid wewe comecome from?from? ►WhatWhat dodo wewe standstand for?for? ►WhatWhat dodo wewe standstand against?against? ►DoesDoes anyany ofof thisthis reallyreally matter?matter?

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 2 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 3 DoDo labelslabels reallyreally matter?matter?

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 4 What’sWhat’s forfor Dinner?Dinner?

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 5 BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory –– AnAn OverviewOverview

► BaptistBaptist BeginningsBeginnings 1717thth centurycentury . GeneralGeneral BaptistsBaptists –– JohnJohn SmythSmyth andand ThomasThomas HelwysHelwys . ParticularParticular BaptistsBaptists –– JohnJohn Spilsbury,Spilsbury, WilliamWilliam KiffinKiffin . AmericaAmerica –– RogerRoger WilliamsWilliams andand JohnJohn ClarkeClarke ► GrowthGrowth AmidstAmidst StruggleStruggle . JohnJohn BunyanBunyan . HenryHenry DunsterDunster . ThomasThomas GooldGoold . ObadiahObadiah HolmesHolmes . IssacIssac BackusBackus

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 6 BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory –– AnAn OverviewOverview

► ControversiesControversies . CommunionCommunion . HymnodyHymnody . MissionsMissions . SlaverySlavery . LiberalismLiberalism ► MissionMission PioneersPioneers . WilliamWilliam CareyCarey . AdoniramAdoniram JudsonJudson

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 7 BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory –– AnAn OverviewOverview ► GrowthGrowth AroundAround thethe WorldWorld . JohannJohann GerhardGerhard OnckenOncken . MissionMission expansionexpansion ► BaptistsBaptists inin thethe PewPew andand ParlorParlor . MenMen –– J.J. D.D. RockefellerRockefeller Sr.,Sr., WilliamWilliam Colgate,Colgate, . WomenWomen –– LottieLottie Moon,Moon, HenriettaHenrietta Shuck,Shuck, CettieCettie RockefellerRockefeller ► BaptistsBaptists andand theirtheir MusicMusic . BenjaminBenjamin KeachKeach SamuelSamuel StennettStennett . RobertRobert RobinsonRobinson JohnJohn FawcettFawcett . AnneAnne SteeleSteele BasilBasil ManlyManly 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 8 WhoWho areare thethe Baptists?Baptists? ►BB BibleBible asas thethe solesole authorityauthority ►AA AutonomyAutonomy ofof thethe locallocal churchchurch ►PP PriesthoodPriesthood ofof thethe believerbeliever ►TT TwoTwo officersofficers ►II IndividualIndividual soulsoul libertyliberty ►SS SavedSaved churchchurch membershipmembership ►TT TwoTwo ordinancesordinances ►SS SeparationSeparation ofof churchchurch andand statestate

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 9 FourFour TheoriesTheories ofof BaptistBaptist OriginsOrigins ►TheThe SuccessionismSuccessionism ViewView ►TheThe SpiritualSpiritual KinshipKinship ViewView ►TheThe AnabaptistAnabaptist ViewView ►TheThe EnglishEnglish SeparatistSeparatist ViewView

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 10 TheThe TrailTrail ofof BloodBlood ViewView ► TheThe DonatistsDonatists (4(4thth andand 55thth centuries)centuries) ► TheThe PauliciansPaulicians (7(7thth century)century) ► TheThe BogomilsBogomils (11(11thth && 1212thth centuries)centuries) ► TheThe AlbigensesAlbigenses (12(12thth century)century) ► TheThe HenriciansHenricians (12(12thth century)century) ► TheThe WaldensesWaldenses (14(14thth andand 1515thth centuries)centuries) ► ThisThis viewview tracestraces BaptistBaptist lifelife backback toto thethe NTNT throughthrough theologicaltheological antecedentsantecedents whowho heldheld toto BaptistBaptist viewsviews

James M. Carroll

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 11 TheThe TrailTrail ofof BloodBlood byby J.J. M.M. CarrollCarroll

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 12 SpiritualSpiritual KinshipKinship ViewView

► rdrd TheThe NovatiansNovatians (3(3 century)century) ► TheThe HenriciansHenricians (12(12thth . A strict view of church century)century) membership ► TheThe PetrobusiansPetrobusians (12(12thth . Orthodox view of major Orthodox view of major century)century) doctrines ► BothBoth groupsgroups ► TheThe DonatistsDonatists (4(4thth century)century) . Rejected infant baptism . Biblicists – devoted to the Word . Rejected crosses as objects . Separatists – from the corrupt of worship church and government . Rejected the sacrifice of . Purists – the Church should be the Mass morally pure . Rejected the Mass, sacrifices, alms for the dead . Rejected the need of church building 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 13 TheThe AnabaptistAnabaptist ViewView

► BaptistsBaptists camecame outout ofof thethe radicalradical wingwing ofof thethe Reformation,Reformation, thethe AnabaptistsAnabaptists ► EspeciallyEspecially thethe earlyearly EnglishEnglish GeneralGeneral BaptistsBaptists who,who, asas separatists,separatists, fledfled toto HollandHolland andand joinedjoined upup withwith thethe WaterlanderWaterlander Mennonites.Mennonites. ► JohnJohn SmythSmyth (c.(c. 1570-1570- 1612)1612) isis thethe primaryprimary historicalhistorical figurefigure

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 14 EnglishEnglish SeparatistSeparatist ViewView ► BaptistBaptist movementmovement tracedtraced directlydirectly toto thethe SeparatistsSeparatists inin EnglandEngland ► EnglishEnglish ReformationReformation beginsbegins inin 15341534 withwith thethe ActAct ofof SupremacySupremacy when,when, byby actact ofof Parliament,Parliament, thethe ChurchChurch ofof EnglandEngland brokebroke withwith RomeRome ► TheThe AnglicanAnglican ChurchChurch –– aa mixturemixture ofof Rome’sRome’s theologytheology andand ReformationReformation theologytheology ► PuritanismPuritanism arosearose withinwithin thethe ChurchChurch toto opposeoppose thethe theologicaltheological errorserrors William Kiffin andand thethe SeparatistsSeparatists wentwent aa stepstep furtherfurther andand brokebroke withwith thethe ChurchChurch ofof EnglandEngland 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 15 ReligiousReligious ShiftsShifts inin thethe EnglishEnglish ReformationReformation

Roman Catholic Anglican Puritan HenryHenry VIIVII HenryHenry VIIIVIII HenryHenry VIIIVIII EdwardEdward VIVI MaryMary TudorTudor akaaka BloodyBloody MaryMary ElizabethElizabeth II JamesJames II CharlesCharles II OliverOliver CromwellCromwell CharlesCharles IIII JamesJames IIII WilliamWilliam IIIIII

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 16 from Charts of Reformation and Enlightenment by John Hannah BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory WEEKWEEK TWOTWO

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 18 JohnJohn SmythSmyth andand thethe GeneralGeneral BaptistsBaptists  EducatedEducated Christ’sChrist’s College,College, Cambridge,Cambridge, 1594;1594; ordainedordained toto thethe AnglicanAnglican priesthoodpriesthood  InfluencedInfluenced byby FrancisFrancis JohnsonJohnson atat CambridgeCambridge  JoinedJoined withwith PuritansPuritans inin criticizingcriticizing thethe ChurchChurch ofof ;England; SufferedSuffered imprisonmentimprisonment  BrokeBroke awayaway fromfrom thethe ChurchChurch ofof EnglandEngland (1606)(1606) andand joinedjoined thethe SeparatistsSeparatists ledled byby FrancisFrancis JohnsonJohnson  Group includes , a wealthy layman  Pilgrim fathers - John Robinson, William Brewster and William Bradford who all emigrated to US on the Mayflower  TheThe groupgroup splitsplit withwith Johnson’sJohnson’s group,group, emigratingemigrating toto HollandHolland inin 16071607  SmythSmyth rejectedrejected infantinfant baptismbaptism andand becamebecame convincedconvinced ofof believer’sbeliever’s baptismbaptism byby 16091609

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 22 JohnJohn Smyth,Smyth, cont.cont.

 SmythSmyth baptizedbaptized himself,himself, se-baptismse-baptism,, andand thenthen baptizedbaptized aboutabout 4040 othersothers (affusion(affusion // pouringpouring))  16101610 SmythSmyth writeswrites TheThe CharacterCharacter ofof thethe BeastBeast toto defenddefend believer’sbeliever’s baptismbaptism  RepudiatedRepudiated hishis baptismbaptism andand appliedapplied forfor baptismbaptism atat thethe handshands ofof thethe WaterlanderWaterlander MennonitesMennonites  ThomasThomas HelwysHelwys,, aa membermember ofof Smyth’sSmyth’s church,church, brokebroke withwith SmythSmyth overover thethe repudiationrepudiation ofof theirtheir newnew baptismbaptism andand returnedreturned toto England.England.  TheThe groupgroup startedstarted thethe firstfirst GeneralGeneral BaptistBaptist churchchurch onon BritishBritish soilsoil atat SpitafieldSpitafield  SmythSmyth dieddied inin 16121612

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 23 TheThe RiseRise ofof thethe ParticularParticular BaptistsBaptists ► TheThe formationformation ofof thethe J-L-JJ-L-J ChurchChurch . HenryHenry JacobJacob (pastor(pastor 1616-1622)1616-1622) . JohnJohn LathropLathrop (pastor(pastor 1624-1633)1624-1633) . HenryHenry JesseyJessey (pastor(pastor 1637-1663)1637-1663) ► DatesDates fromfrom 16161616 whenwhen JacobJacob returnedreturned toto EnglandEngland fromfrom exileexile inin HollandHolland ► JohnJohn SpilsburySpilsbury (1633/8-1656)(1633/8-1656) (a(a cobbler)cobbler) . AnAn advocateadvocate ofof particularparticular redemption,redemption, hehe formedformed thethe 11st ParticularParticular BaptistBaptist congregationcongregation . Co-authorCo-author ofof thethe 11st LondonLondon ConfessionConfession,, 16441644

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 24 TheThe RecoveryRecovery ofof Credo-Credo- immersionimmersion ► RecoveryRecovery aa two-steptwo-step processprocess . BaptismBaptism appliesapplies onlyonly toto believersbelievers –– nono infantsinfants ► General Baptist 1609 (se-baptism John Smyth) ► Particular Baptists 1638 – spoke of dipping by 1609 but still allowed other modes . TheThe recoveryrecovery ofof immersionimmersion ► There is some evidence that General Baptists practiced immersion by 1640 ► Among Particulars – it is common by 1640 ► The Spilsbury group returns to immersion without regard to succession after he returns

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 25 SettlingSettling inin thethe NewNew WorldWorld

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 26 NewNew EnglandEngland PuritanismPuritanism

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 27 RogerRoger WilliamsWilliams andand thethe ProvidenceProvidence ExperimentExperiment ►RogerRoger WilliamsWilliams (c.(c. 1603-1684)1603-1684) . Graduated Cambridge 1627, ordained to the Anglican ministry . Serves as personal chaplain to Sir Edward Masham . Married Mary Barnard (daughter of a Puritan clergyman) . Convinced of separatism by 1629 . Emigrates to MA 1630. On the ship, spends in study and becomes more convinced of separatism . Offered a teaching position at Boston but refuses it for its lack of separatism

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 28 RogerRoger WilliamsWilliams cont.cont. ► BecomesBecomes teacherteacher atat churchchurch atat SalemSalem (Congregational)(Congregational) ► InIn 1634,1634, afterafter thethe deathdeath ofof thethe pastor,pastor, WilliamsWilliams becomesbecomes actingacting pastorpastor ► BanishedBanished fromfrom MAMA 1635,1635, makesmakes hishis wayway toto ProvidenceProvidence withwith thethe helphelp ofof IndiansIndians ► BecameBecame aa “Baptist”“Baptist” 16391639 afterafter receivingreceiving baptismbaptism atat thethe handhand ofof EzekielEzekiel HollimanHolliman ► RepudiatedRepudiated hishis baptismbaptism aa fewfew monthsmonths laterlater andand becamebecame aa

06/17/12“Seeker”“Seeker” Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 29 JohnJohn ClarkeClarke andand thethe NewportNewport ChurchChurch

► BornBorn AnglicanAnglican inin 16091609 ► AA physician,physician, practicedpracticed lawlaw andand pastoredpastored thethe BaptistBaptist church!church! ► ArrivedArrived inin BostonBoston inin thethe middlemiddle ofof thethe AntinomianAntinomian Controversy.Controversy. Mrs.Mrs. AnneAnne HutchinsonHutchinson isis thethe namename mostmost oftenoften associatedassociated withwith thisthis movement.movement. ► ApparentlyApparently joinedjoined toto groupgroup outout ofof affinityaffinity forfor theirtheir viewsviews onon religiousreligious libertyliberty ► MetMet RogerRoger WilliamsWilliams inin 1638.1638. ItIt hashas beenbeen suggestedsuggested thatthat oneone influencedinfluenced thethe otherother onon believer'sbeliever's baptismbaptism ► TheThe HutchinsonHutchinson groupgroup movedmoved toto PortsmouthPortsmouth wherewhere itit split,split, ClarkeClarke takingtaking oneone faction.faction. ThisThis groupgroup becamebecame thethe congregationcongregation ofof thethe secondsecond BaptistBaptist churchchurch inin thethe newnew world.world.

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 30 GrowthGrowth amidstamidst StruggleStruggle

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 31 TheThe ElizabethanElizabethan SettlementSettlement ► TheThe ActAct ofof UniformityUniformity,, 15591559 . churchchurch attendanceattendance waswas compulsorycompulsory . allall churcheschurches toto useuse thethe BookBook ofof CommonCommon PrayerPrayer ► TheThe ActAct ofof SupremacySupremacy,, 15591559 . mademade ElizabethanElizabethan thethe SupremeSupreme governorgovernor ofof thethe Church.Church. . PoliticiansPoliticians andand clergyclergy werewere requiredrequired toto swearswear anan oathoath ofof SupremacySupremacy toto Elizabeth.Elizabeth. . LaterLater thethe oathoath waswas extendedextended toto membersmembers ofof ParliamentParliament andand thosethose whowho attendedattended thethe universitiesuniversities ofof thethe day.day.

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 32 TheThe ClarendonClarendon CodeCode ►CorporationCorporation ActAct (1661)(1661) -- AAllll municipalmunicipal officialsofficials requiredrequired toto taketake AnglicanAnglican communion.communion. ►ActAct ofof UniformityUniformity (1662)(1662) –– TheThe BookBook ofof CommonCommon PrayerPrayer becamebecame compulsorycompulsory inin religiousreligious service.service. AboutAbout 20002000 clergyclergy refusedrefused toto comply,comply, andand werewere forcedforced toto resignresign theirtheir livings.livings. ►ConventicleConventicle ActAct (1664)(1664) -- ThisThis actact forbadeforbade unauthorizedunauthorized meetingsmeetings forfor worshipworship ofof moremore thanthan 55 peoplepeople notnot membersmembers ofof thethe samesame household.household. ►Five-MileFive-Mile ActAct (1665)(1665) -- NonconformistNonconformist ministersministers forbiddenforbidden fromfrom comingcoming withinwithin 55 EdwardEdward HydeHyde milesmiles ofof incorporatedincorporated townstowns oror thethe placeplace ofof theirtheir formerformer livings.livings. EarlEarl ofof ClarendonClarendon 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 33 JohnJohn BunyanBunyan (1628-(1628-

►BornBorn inin thethe villagevillage ofof ElstowElstow1688)1688) onon thethe outskirtsoutskirts ofof BedfordBedford intointo aa tinker’stinker’s homehome ►AfterAfter serviceservice inin thethe civilcivil war,war, hehe returnedreturned homehome andand marriedmarried aa womanwoman namednamed MaryMary withwith whomwhom hehe hadhad fourfour children,children, thethe firstfirst ofof which,which, aa girl,girl, waswas blind.blind. TheThe familyfamily waswas quitequite poorpoor havinghaving neitherneither “dish“dish oror spoon”spoon” ►HisHis conversionconversion camecame afterafter aa hearinghearing ofof ChristChrist fromfrom 33 oror 44 poorpoor womenwomen ofof thethe citycity .. ►BaptizedBaptized byby JohnJohn GiffordGifford aboutabout 16551655 andand waswas calledcalled toto preachpreach 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 34 Bunyan’sBunyan’s birthplacebirthplace

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 35 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 36 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 37 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 38 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 39 JohnJohn Bunyan,Bunyan, cont.cont. ► BunyanBunyan waswas imprisonedimprisoned inin 16601660 andand spentspent moremore thanthan 1212 yrsyrs inin jail.jail. ► WroteWrote GraceGrace AboundingAbounding toto thethe ChiefChief ofof SinnersSinners (1666)(1666) ► ItIt waswas fromfrom thisthis sanctuary,sanctuary, thatthat hehe wrotewrote hishis mostmost well-knownwell-known treatisetreatise Pilgrim’sPilgrim’s ProgressProgress ► SpurgeonSpurgeon claimedclaimed toto havehave readread thisthis workwork moremore thanthan 100100 times.times. MoreMore thanthan 100,000100,000 copiescopies werewere publishedpublished inin Bunyan’sBunyan’s lifetime.lifetime. ConsideredConsidered oneone ofof thethe finestfinest worksworks ofof EnglishEnglish literature.literature.

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 40 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 41 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 42 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 43 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 44 JohnJohn Bunyan,Bunyan, cont.cont.

► AA pardonpardon forfor Bunyan’sBunyan’s releaserelease camecame fromfrom thethe PrivyPrivy CouncilCouncil 1717 MayMay 16721672 afterafter whichwhich hehe becamebecame aa popularpopular preacherpreacher drawingdrawing largelarge crowds.crowds. JohnJohn OwenOwen isis saidsaid toto havehave toldtold CharlesCharles IIII thatthat hehe wouldwould tradetrade hishis learninglearning forfor thethe tinker’stinker’s preachingpreaching abilities.abilities. ► HisHis deathdeath followedfollowed aa sicknesssickness incurredincurred asas aa resultresult ofof beingbeing exposedexposed toto aa drivingdriving rainstormrainstorm andand comingcoming downdown withwith aa fever,fever, fromfrom whichwhich hehe dieddied 1010 daysdays later,later, 1212 AugustAugust 1688.1688. HeHe isis buriedburied inin BunhillBunhill FieldsFields CemeteryCemetery 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 45 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 46 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 47 PersecutionsPersecutions inin MassachusettsMassachusetts

► MarkedMarked byby trailstrails andand persecutionspersecutions . TheThe whippingwhipping ofof ObadiahObadiah HolmesHolmes . HenryHenry Dunster,Dunster, firstfirst presidentpresident ofof HarvardHarvard . ThomasThomas GooldGoold andand FirstFirst BaptistBaptist BostonBoston

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 48 TheThe WhippingWhipping ofof ObadiahObadiah HolmesHolmes ►Leaves England (@1639) to escape persecution but found America to be no better ►Associated with Congregationalists after arriving but converted to Baptist ways ►Served the Newport, RI church for 12 yrs while Clarke was in England ►In July 1651, with Clarke, visits William Witter, a Baptist layman in Lynn, MA, 12 miles from Boston ►The following day was the Sabbath, so it was arranged for Clarke to preach. ►They were arrested and fined for denying infant baptism. Failure to pay resulted in a public whipping. 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 49 HenryHenry DunsterDunster (1609-1659)(1609-1659)

► BornBorn inin EnglandEngland intointo aa familyfamily ofof aa yeomanyeoman farmerfarmer ► EducatedEducated byby aa locallocal ministerminister fromfrom whomwhom hehe learnedlearned GreekGreek andand LatinLatin andand developeddeveloped anan interestinterest inin religionreligion ► GraduatedGraduated fromfrom CambridgeCambridge (B.A.(B.A. 1630,1630, M.A.M.A. 1634)1634) ► LeftLeft EnglandEngland overover PuritanPuritan sentimentssentiments ► AfterAfter hishis arrival,arrival, hehe waswas electedelected thethe firstfirst presidentpresident ofof HarvardHarvard (founded(founded 1636)1636) atat 2828 yrs.yrs. ofof ageage ► BecameBecame convincedconvinced ofof errorerror ofof infantinfant baptism;baptism; failurefailure toto havehave hishis childchild pouredpoured causedcaused hishis dismissaldismissal fromfrom HarvardHarvard

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 50 ThomasThomas GooldGoold (1607-1675)(1607-1675) ► BornBorn inin England;England; aa wagonmakerwagonmaker byby trade,trade, ► ImmigratedImmigrated toto MAMA 16391639 withwith hishis wife,wife, HannahHannah ► JoinedJoined thethe CongregationalCongregational ChurchChurch inin CharlestownCharlestown JuneJune 16401640 ► InIn 16551655 publiclypublicly expressedexpressed BaptistBaptist convictionsconvictions neglectingneglecting toto bringbring hishis daughterdaughter ElizabethElizabeth forfor baptism.baptism. HeHe waswas likelylikely influencedinfluenced byby hishis friend,friend, HenryHenry Dunster,Dunster, whowho preachedpreached againstagainst infantinfant baptismbaptism inin 1653.1653. ► AtAt firstfirst hishis actionsactions werewere overlooked,overlooked, butbut atat aa privateprivate celebrationcelebration forfor thethe infant'sinfant's healthyhealthy birth,birth, thethe elderselders notifiednotified himhim ofof theirtheir displeasure.displeasure. TheThe CharlestownCharlestown churchchurch waswas divideddivided onon howhow toto dealdeal withwith Goold.Goold. ► EventuallyEventually broughtbrought upup onon chargescharges ofof beingbeing divisivedivisive ► BanishedBanished fromfrom Boston;Boston; refusedrefused toto leaveleave andand waswas arrestedarrested ► AfterAfter aa yr.yr. inin prison,prison, hehe waswas releasedreleased andand banishedbanished againstagainst ► HeHe escapedescaped toto NoodleNoodle Island,Island, inin BostonBoston harbor,harbor, butbut outsideoutside thethe jurisdictionjurisdiction ofof thethe constablesconstables andand startedstarted aa churchchurch 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 51 GrowthGrowth AmidstAmidst ControversyControversy

BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory WEEKWEEK 06/17/12 THREETHREEBaptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 52 ControversiesControversies inin BaptistBaptist LifeLife

►WithWith whomwhom maymay wewe commune?commune? CommunionCommunion ►ShouldShould wewe sing?sing? Hymn-singingHymn-singing ►MustMust wewe evangelize?evangelize? Hyper-CalvinismHyper- ►WhatWhat aboutabout slavery?slavery? SlaverySlavery ►HowHow ImportantImportant isis thethe Bible?Bible? LiberalismLiberalism

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 53 WithWith whomwhom maymay wewe commune?commune? ►ThreeThree viewsviews . OpenOpen communioncommunion ►ObedientObedient believersbelievers regardlessregardless ofof baptismbaptism oror churchchurch membershipmembership . RestrictedRestricted communioncommunion ►CloseClose communioncommunion . Immersed, obedient believers of any church of like faith and practice ►ClosedClosed communioncommunion . Immersed, obedient members of a particular assembly only

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 54 CommunionCommunion inin BaptistBaptist LifeLife

► 1646 – – Baptism a requirement for communion ► “Though a believer’s right to the use the Lord’s supper do immediately flow from Jesus Christ apprehended and received by faith; yet inasmuchinasmuch asas allall thingsthings oughtought toto bebe donedone notnot onlyonly decently,decently, butbut alsoalso inin order, 1 Cor. xiv. 40; and the word holds forth this order, that disciples should be baptized, Matt. xxviii. 9 [sic]; Acts ii. 38; and then be taught to observe all things (that is to say, all other things) that Christ commanded the apostles, Matt. xxviii. 20; and accordingly the apostles first baptized the disciples, and then admitted them to the use of the supper, Acts ii. 4, 42; we therefore do not admit any to the use of the supper, nor communicate with any in the use this ordinance, but disciples baptized, lest we should have fellowship with them in their doing contrary to order.”

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 55 CommunionCommunion inin BaptistBaptist LifeLife ► TheThe debatedebate –– (1672-1681)(1672-1681) Bunyan,Bunyan, HenryHenry D’Anvers,D’Anvers, ThomasThomas PaulPaul andand WilliamWilliam KiffinKiffin ► JohnJohn BunyanBunyan AA ConfessionConfession ofof MyMy FaithFaith (1672);(1672); WaterWater BaptismBaptism NoNo BarBar toto CommunionCommunion (1673)(1673) ► WilliamWilliam KiffinKiffin (1681)(1681) AA SoberSober DiscourseDiscourse ofof RightRight toto Church-Communion,Church-Communion, WhereinWherein isis provedproved byby Scripture,Scripture, thethe exampleexample ofof PrimitivePrimitive Times,Times, andand thethe PracticePractice ofof AllAll thatthat havehave ProfessedProfessed thethe ChristianChristian Religion:Religion: ThatThat nono unbaptizedunbaptized personperson maymay bebe RegularlyRegularly admittedadmitted toto thethe Lord’sLord’s SupperSupper

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 56 BenjaminBenjamin KeachKeach (1640-(1640- 1704)1704) ►Born Buckinghamshire, a tailor by trade ►Converted at 15, through personal Bible study he came to deny infant baptism ►Baptized by GB pastor John Russell and set apart for ministry at 18 ►Initially pastored the General Baptist church at Winslow ►Jailed in 1664 for catechical book Child’s Instructor. Book burned but he rewrote it from memory and republished it

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 63 BenjaminBenjamin Keach,Keach, cont.cont. ► 1668 served the church at , becoming 1st non-conformist ordained since the Restoration. Switched to the Particular camp possibly influenced by Knollys and Kiffin ► Established church at Horsley-down and advocated hymn singing ► His son Elias (1667-1701) emigrated to US and pretended to be a minister like his famous father ► Elias converted through his own preaching and helped form Philadelphia Association

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 64 BenjaminBenjamin KeachKeach andand hymnhymn

► Some churches (Baptistssingingsinging and others) allowed for vocalists to sing or congregational psalm singing ► Keach introduced hymns at the communion service in 1673 following Mt. 26:30 ► Hymns at regular services in Keach’s church did not occur until 1691 ► Isaac Marlow (1649-1719), a wealthy jeweler, opposed Keach in 11 different treatises 1. Hymn singing was similar to written prayers (formalism) 2. NT examples amounted to the exercise of extra-ordinary gifts which were no longer operable in Keach’s day 3. Unbelievers likely to participate resulting in impurity of worship 4. The early church had singing “in a single voice” 5. Women singing violates 1 Cor. 14:34 and 1 Tim. 2:2:11-12 ► Controversy divided Particulars for about 10 years

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 65 TheThe TaleTale ofof aa GreatGreat ► TheThe churchchurch datesdates toChurchtoChurch 16501650 toto aa househouse inin KensingtonKensington ownedowned byby aa widowwidow namednamed ColfeColfe ► ByBy 16521652 itsits firstfirst pastorpastor WilliamWilliam RiderRider waswas laboringlaboring doingdoing soso forfor 1515 years,years, dyingdying apparentlyapparently ofof thethe plagueplague (1652-(1652- 1667)1667) ► BenjaminBenjamin KeachKeach followedfollowed himhim forfor 3535 yrsyrs (1668-1704)(1668-1704) ► KeachKeach waswas succeededsucceeded byby hishis son-in-law,son-in-law, BenjaminBenjamin StintonStinton (1704-1719)(1704-1719) ► StintonStinton waswas followedfollowed byby thethe venerablevenerable JohnJohn GillGill (1720-(1720- 1771)1771) ► JohnJohn GillGill waswas succeededsucceeded byby JohnJohn RipponRippon whowho pastoredpastored thethe churchchurch forfor moremore thanthan 6060 years!years! (1773-1836)(1773-1836) ► JosephJoseph AngusAngus (1837-1840,(1837-1840, JamesJames SmithSmith (1842-1850),(1842-1850), Mr.Mr. WaltersWalters (1851-1853)(1851-1853) 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 66 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 67 CharlesCharles HaddonHaddon SpurgeonSpurgeon

06/17/12 (1853-1891) Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 68 GrowthGrowth AmidstAmidst ControversyControversy

BaptistBaptist HistoryHistory WEEKWEEK FOURFOUR

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 69 TheThe StruggleStruggle withwith HyperHyper CalvinismCalvinism ►CalvinismCalvinism DerivedDerived . NamedNamed forfor GenevanGenevan reformerreformer JeanJean CalvinCalvin (1509-1564)(1509-1564) . AuthoredAuthored thethe InstitutesInstitutes ofof thethe ChristianChristian ReligionReligion (1536,(1536, 1559)1559) . TheThe systematizersystematizer ofof ReformationReformation thoughtthought . PlacedPlaced thethe sourcesource ofof salvationsalvation inin GodGod andand notnot manman

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 70 TheThe RiseRise ofof

►CalvinismCalvinism DefinedDefinedArminianismArminianism . Jacobus Arminius and the Dutch Remonstrants ►Arminius (1560-1609) studied theology in Geneva in Theodore Beza (1582) ►Called to be the pastor of the church at Amsterdam 1588 ►Followers issues five points of disagreement with classic Calvinism in 1610 . Five points of the Remonstrance ►predestination is conditional, not absolute; ►the Atonement is in intention universal; ►man cannot of himself exercise a saving faith; ►the grace of God is a necessary condition of human effort it does not act irresistibly in man ►believers are able to resist sin but are not beyond the possibility of falling from grace. 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 71 TheThe StruggleStruggle withwith HyperHyper Calvinism Calvinism►Hyper Calvinism . Free offer of the gospel ►A Modern Question Modestly Answered (1737) (attributed to Matthias Maurice) ►Gave prominence to John Brine, successor to Skepp, converted under Gill’s preaching . Eternal justification (Gill, & Brine) . Rejection of duty faith (London Union of Baptist Ministers statement of faith 1833) ►“The system of doctrine of the universal sufficiency, that warrants and calls for the faith of every man, the valid redemption of Jesus to be more or less as man shall perform his duty of believing, we discard and disavow; as founded on general and not particular redemption.” “we do not hold with or believe in, the doctrine which maketh it the duty of all men to believe in Christ to the salvation of the soul.”

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 76 TheThe StruggleStruggle withwith HyperHyper CalvinismCalvinism ►PrevailingPrevailing questionsquestions . Should the apostolic pattern of preaching to the unconverted be followed by modern ministers? . “We believe that it would be unsafe, from the brief records we have of the way in which the apostles, under the direction of the Lord, addressed their hearers in certain cases and circumstances, to derive absolute and universal rules for ministerial addresses in the present day under widely different circumstances. Therefore, that for ministers in the present day to address unconverted persons, or indiscriminatelyindiscriminately allall inin aa mixedmixed congregation,congregation, callingcalling uponupon them to savingly repent, believe, and receive Christ, or perform any other acts dependent upon the new creative power of the Holy Ghost is on the one hand to imply creature power, and, on the other to deny the doctrine of special redemption.” William Gadsby

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 78 TheThe StruggleStruggle withwith HyperHyper

►AA ProminentProminent Hyper-CalvinistHyper-CalvinistCalvinismCalvinism . JamesJames WellsWells (1803-1872)(1803-1872) ► Pastor of Surrey Tabernacle (1832-) locatedlocated 1/21/2 milemile fromfrom Spurgeon’sSpurgeon’s Tabernacle; eventually the building would seat 2000 ► “You might as well give me heathenism as to give me Arminianism; you might as well give me popery as to give me duty faithism” (Jan. 1863)

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 79 OpponentOpponent ofof Hyper-Hyper- CalvinismCalvinism

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 80 CharlesCharles HaddonHaddon SpurgeonSpurgeon (1834-1892)(1834-1892) ► BornBorn atat Kelvedon,Kelvedon, EnglandEngland ► HisHis fatherfather andand grandfathergrandfather werewere dissentingdissenting ministersministers ► NurturedNurtured onon hishis grandfather’sgrandfather’s greatgreat PuritanPuritan librarylibrary ► ConvertedConverted (6(6 JanJan 1850)1850) atat 1616 inin aa PrimitivePrimitive MethodistMethodist chapelchapel ► ConvincedConvinced ofof BaptistBaptist principles,principles, hehe waswas immersedimmersed ► PreachesPreaches hishis firstfirst sermonsermon 18511851 andand calledcalled toto WaterbeachWaterbeach asas pastorpastor ► CalledCalled atat 1919 (1854)(1854) toto NewNew ParkPark StreetStreet ChapelChapel –– 200200 membersmembers 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 81 CharlesCharles HaddonHaddon

► 1855 – sermonsSpurgeon,Spurgeon, begin to cont.cont. appear in print; preaches at Exeter Hall ► 1856 marries Susannah Thompson; twin sons born ► False shout of fire results in 7 deaths at Surrey Hall ► 1857 – starts Pastors College ► 1861 preaches to 23, 654 at the Crystal Palace ► 1861 the Tabernacle opens debt free at a cost of £31000 ► 1864 preaches against baptismal regeneration (350k sermons sold) ► 1865 starts The Sword and Trowel ► 1866 starts a colportage association

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 82 CharlesCharles HaddonHaddon Spurgeon,Spurgeon, cont.cont. ► 18671867 startsstarts StockwellStockwell orphanageorphanage ► 18741874 baptizesbaptizes hishis sonssons ► 18751875 Mrs.Mrs. Spurgeon’sSpurgeon’s bookbook fundfund ► 18791879 Girl’sGirl’s orphanageorphanage ► 18871887 –– thethe DowngradeDowngrade ControversyControversy ► 18881888 votedvoted outout ofof thethe BaptistBaptist UnionUnion ► 18911891 –– preachespreaches hishis lastlast sermonsermon ► 18921892 –– diesdies inin Mentone,Mentone, France,France, 3131 Jan.Jan. BuriedBuried 1212 Feb.Feb.

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 83 TheThe FormationFormation ofof thethe BaptistBaptist MissionaryMissionary SocietySociety

► Particular Baptist Society for the Propagation of the Gospel Amongst the Heathen ► Formed in the home of widow Beebe Wallis; Initial funds raised - £13, 2s. 6d 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 94 WilliamWilliam CareyCarey (1761-1834)

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 97 WilliamWilliam Carey,Carey, cont.cont. 1761 – Born at Paulserspury, Northamptonshire 1773 – Learns Latin on his own 1775 – Becomes a cobbler’s apprentice 1776 – Spiritual search begins 1779 – Leaves Church of England; apprentices with Thomas Old 1785 – son Felix born; fails at 1st 1781 – Marriage to Dorothy ordination effort; begins pastoring “Dolly” Plackett in Moulton; reads Captain Cook 1782 – Begins preaching Journals 1783 – Baptized; loses his hair; 1787 – ordained; baptizes wife his master, Old, dies and Carey 1789 – pastors Baptist Church at assumes business and cares Harvey lane for Old’s family 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 98 WilliamWilliam Carey,Carey, cont.cont.

1792 – the pivotal year . May 12 – An Enquiry into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathen . May 19 – sermon “Expect Great Things, Attempt Great Things” from Isaiah 54:2-3 . Oct 2 – helps form BMS 1793 – Commissioned in January; sails inin June;June; arrivesarrives inin NovemberNovember 1797 – completes Bengali NT 1799 – Ward / Marshmans arrival 1800 – 1st convert (Krishna Pal) baptized along with son Felix; trio moves to Serampore Serampore 1804 – 19 mission stations 1801 – 1st Bengali NT; appointed teacher established at Fort Williams College, Calcutta 1807 – Felix ordained, Brown D.D.; Dorothy dies 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 99 WilliamWilliam Carey,Carey, cont.cont.

1808 – Marries Charlotte Rumohr; publishes Sanskrit NT Important other facts 1809 – the Bengali OT completed Translated the Bible in 6 1812 – Fire at Serampore languages; portions into 29 1815 – death of Fuller; tensions with BMS others Carey never took a furlough 1817 – split at Serampore mission – he remained in India 41 1818 – Serampore College founded; years Sanskrit Bible published The British communion 1820 – organizes Agricultural College of debate made it all the way to Bengal India 1821 – 2nd wife die Ward raised the issue in a 1822 – Marries Grace Hughes; Felix dies letter to Fuller in 1800 1823 – William Ward dies By 1810, the Serampore moved to open 1830 – Calcutta bank crash; mission in communion financial peril; reunion with BMS A letter by Fuller was 1834 – Carey dies published posthumously in 1837 – Marshman dies; mission at support of strict communion Serampore closes

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 100 Carey’sCarey’s ColleaguesColleagues

Joshua Marshman Physician who first William Ward offered to go with BMS; Carey joined him Had a falling out over finances with Carey

He and wife Hannah Met Carey just before he arrived with Ward, 1799 sailed Hannah cared for Dorothy A printer by vocation during her mental illness Arrived 1799, set up press The Serampore Trio to print Scripture 06/17/12 BaptistJohn History Thomas – Prior Lake Baptist Church 101 TheThe birthbirth ofof MissionsMissions amongamong AmericanAmerican BaptistsBaptists

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 104 AdoniramAdoniram Judson.Judson. Jr.Jr. (1788-1850)(1788-1850) ► Father pastor of the 3rdrd Congregational of Plymouth, MA ► As a child, he repeated Sunday sermons to the neighborhood kids ► Judson was academically capable, reading theology and learning Greek ► 1804 he enrolled in Brown U though a Congregationalist and became enamored with Deism. Graduates top of class in 1807 ► Admitted into Andover Seminary in 1808 under special circumstances being neither a professor of religion nor a candidate for ministry ► He was converted in 1808 after years of profligate living; joins father’s church

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 105 Judson’sJudson’s JourneyJourney toto thethe missionmission fieldfield ► Along with four others devoted themselves to missions after the famous haystack prayer meeting, 1809 ► In 1810 helped form the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions ► Marries Ann Hasseltine on February 5, 1812; ordained the following day and the two set sail for Calcutta as Congregational missionaries on the 19thth ► Accompanied by Mssrs. Nott, Hall, Newell and ► Ann (1789-1826) dies of liver problems and was immortalized by Judson’s third wife, Emily, as a heroine

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 106 Judson’sJudson’s journeyjourney toto BaptistBaptist waysways ► On the ship, Judson prepares to defend infant baptism; concludes that it was unScriptural ► Immersed in Calcutta at the hands of William Ward, Carey's associate, 12 September 1812 ► After informing the home office of his views, he preached a message in Calcutta explaining his change ► Severed ties with the Congregationalists ; he corresponded with American Baptists to form a new board. ► “The General Missionary Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States of America, for Foreign Missions" was started in Philadelphia in May 1814; became known as the , meeting every three years ► In September 1814 he was approved as a missionary 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 107 Judson’sJudson’s MissionaryMissionary

► Unwelcomed by East India Co.,MinistryMinistry moves to Rangoon in 1813; spends 10 yrs learning Burmese with few helps ► Complete translation of Matthew by May 1817 ► 1st sermon 4 April 1819; 1st convert, Moung Hau, baptized 27 June 1819 ► Moves to Ava (inland) in January 1824; Completes English-Burmese dictionary 24 January 1824 ► War breaks out between English and Burmese, viewed as spies; Spends 21 months in a prison, most of the time in chains ► 1st child, Mary Elizabeth, born; Ann sick with small pox; Ann begs for milk; brokers peace ► The English offer him $3000 yearly to work as a translator; Ann and Mary die, 1827 ► Marries 2nd wife – Sarah Hall Boardman 10 April 1834 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 108 JudsonJudson concludedconcluded

► Completes Burmese OT, Dec 1835; revises entire Bible by 1840 and readies for press ► 2nd wife dies 1 September 1845 ► With 3 oldest children return to America; despite poor health to a hero’s welcome ► Engages Emily Chubbock to write memoir of Sarah; they marry 2 June 1846 and he returns to Burma 11 July without children who remain to be educated ► Dies at sea 12 April 1850, buried at sea without prayer ► 30 yrs. after his death, Burma had 7000 converts and 63 churches; 100 yrs. later 200,000 converts ► His two great missionary endeavors: . Establishes a church among the local people . Translates the Scriptures into Burmese

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 109 TheThe TriennialTriennial

► LutherLuther RiceRice (1783-1836)(1783-1836)ConventionConvention . Travels to India after Judson and accepted Baptist views . Joins Judson resigning from the Congregationalist board . Since he was single, he returned to America to enlist Baptist support to their new mission endeavor ► TheThe workwork expandsexpands – Printer George Hough joins Judson in 1815 – Charlotte White, a widow accompanies the Houghs marries a widowed English missionary, Joshua Rowe, shortly after arrival

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 110 TheThe TriennialTriennial

ConventionConvention►Rice returns, convinces Thomas Baldwin of Boston's Second Baptist to aid in the work ►The Massachusetts Baptist Missionary Society (1802) though a home-mission group lends support ►18 May 1814 the first Convention met with 33 delegates from 11 states. Two choices: . the Northerners preferred independent societies unconnected to churches . the Southerners voted unanimously for an association or convention plan based upon the churches. 3 reasons why the Southern Baptists preferred this approach ►Early Baptists came out of the General Baptists; tended toward denominationalism ►Philadelphia Asso influences Baptists in the south to accept its methods & theology ►the growth of Separate Baptists after 1750 helped fix a centralizing trend upon Baptists inin thethe SouthSouth 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 111 TheThe TriennialTriennial

► Son of a Baptist ministerConventionConvention ► Studies medicine until conversion & enters the ministry ► Entered Andover in 1816 but finances hinder completion; taught Mathematics at Union 1817 ► Pastor of 1st Baptist, Boston, 1821; becomes a leader among northern Baptists ► 4th president of Brown U., Feb 1827; served 28 yrs. ► Favors the plan of the South; cast the swing vote for a compromise ► Under Wayland's influence (1826), the Convention reverts to a society basis and moves headquarters from Philadelphia to Boston Francis Wayland

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church (1796-1865) 112 AmericanAmerican BaptistBaptist WorkWork

ExpandsExpands► Baptists Moving West – J. M. Peck . Born Litchfield, CT, moved to NY 1811; left Congregationalism for Baptists . Met Luther Rice 1815 who encouraged Peck’s missionary views . Appointed in 1817 to St. Louis, organized churches and Sunday schools . 1827 founded Rock Springs Seminary (Shurtleff College) . Launched The Pioneer the first of several denominational papers ► 1819 – Columbian College founded ► 1826 – the society returns to an emphasis on foreign missions ► 1832 – ABHMS formed ► 1845 – Triennial Convention renamed John Mason Peck American Baptist Missionary Union (1789-1858) 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 113 EvangelizingEvangelizing thethe

Indians►Indians1802, the Charleston Asso. began work among the Catawbas ► A native of Uniontown, PA, who moves to KY ► 1804, he and new wife Christina moved to IN; licensed to preach in 1808 ► 1817, appointed by Triennial Convention to work among Miami Indians living along the Wabash River in Indiana ► Later establishes works among the Pottawatomies and Ottawas of MI ► Moves to Louisville, KY 1842 to direct American Indian Mission Asso.; Died at Louisville. Isaac McCoy ► He was the chief advocate for native rights (1784-1846) and identity in his era

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 114 BaptistsBaptists inin ChinaChina ►Jehu Lewis Shuck (1814-1863) . 1st US Baptist missionary in ; in the 1835 offering plate being passed for missions at the Triennial Convention, Shuck put in a slip of paper on which was written “I give myself” . Organized first Baptist church in after the end of the Opium War (1842) . After Henrietta died in 1844, he retuned to US, affiliated with newly formed SBCFMB, remarried and returned to China . He organized the Baptist Mission in China . After the death of his 2nd wife, he returned to the US & started 1st Chinese Baptist church in US among immigrants inin SanSan FranciscoFrancisco ►Henrietta Hall Shuck (1817-1844) . First Am. woman missionary in China . Letters home inspired many; died at 27 after birthing 5thth child

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 120 BaptistsBaptists inin ChinaChina

► Charlotte “Lottie” Moon (1840-1912) . Born VA; her pastor was John A. Broadus . Appointed in 1872 as a missionary to China, one of the first unmarried missionaries among SBs . Engaged to Crawford Howell Toy but engagement broken over his liberal views . Worked first in Tengchow then Pingtu among children and as a women’s evangelist . Her letters and appeal for workers fueled the SB missions efforts . 1st Christmas offering 1888 ($3000) . Survived the ; died while enroute home on a ship in the harbor at Kobe, Japan

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 121 BaptistsBaptists inin ChinaChina

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 122 BaptistsBaptists inin ChinaChina ►William Sr. (1824-1909) . Born Putnam, OH . 1850, appointed w/ wife Martha to Siam () with AMBU . Mastered Tie-chu dialect & did street preaching . Moved to Hong Kong & focused on training indigenous workers . 1858 moved to Swatow (Shantou) opening new field for Am Baptists; focused on training workers . Served as home secretary for ABMU ►William Jr. (1851-1937) . Born in Siam; educated at Brown and Newton . Joined his father in Swatow in 1879 . During first furlough, joined 4th until 1891 when he returned to China . Translated NT into Tie-chi and portions of OT

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 123 BlackBlack BaptistsBaptists inin AfricaAfrica

► Born into slavery ► Father illiterate but a respected member of a Baptist Church ► At 24, vain and profane, Lott hired out to work in a tobacco warehouse in Richmond ► 1807, Carey was converted and joined First Baptist of Richmond ► Learns to read and licensed by the church to preach ► An excellent worker, he saved enough money to buy himself out of slavery. His wife had died but he was also able to buy his sons out. It cost him $850 dollars! Lott Carey ► Sent to Liberia on the west coast of Africa c. 1780 - 1828 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 126 BaptistsBaptists inin AfricaAfrica ► Born Kent England; married Helen Jessup 1840 ► As a laborer in a shipyard in 1842, he learned of a new Baptist work off the coast of West Africa and soon volunteered ► He was soon working among freed slaves on the islandisland ofof FernandoFernando PooPoo ► He soon developed a burden for the mainland and by 1845 he and his first Africa convert from the island, began working in Town. By 1849, they baptized their first convert ► By the 1850;s he had established another colony of freed slaves on the mainland ► He ran afoul of his colleagues for dictatorial dealings and was recalled to London to give an account several times (1814-1880) ► By 1872, he had translated the Bible into Douala ► He returned to England in 1876 in declining health

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 128 BaptistsBaptists inin AfricaAfrica ►As a youth, Grenfell followed the exploits of Livingstone and Alfred Saker ►Nov 1874, after study at Bristol, he was appointed by BMS to Cameroons ►The following month he left for Africa with Saker ►In 1877, his first wife of 11 months died ►Following her death, Grenfell with Thomas Comber, another new BMS missionary began journeys inland that would culminate in the work inin thethe Congo;Congo; byby October,October, thethe BMSBMS putput theirtheir blessing on a new work on the Congo River ►Two more exploratory journeys in 1878 led to the beginning of the work but Grenfell soon had to resign for personal reasons ►BMS reinstated him in 1880 and soon after returned to England to oversee work on a mission steamer, the Peace, to probe the upper (1849-1906) Congo 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 129 JamaicaJamaica

William Knibb (1803-1845)

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 131 BaptistsBaptists inin EuropeEurope ►In 1800 there were no Baptist churches in Europe. By 1850, there were 4,000 church members at 200k by 1900 ►In Germany . Oncken, born in Varel, raised a Lutheran came under the influence of the Haldanes . Convinced of immersion by 1829; baptized by Barnas Sears in 1830, studying in Halle; Sears ordained Oncken the following day as pastor of Baptist Church at . 1835, the Triennial Convention agreed Johann Gerhard Oncken to fund Oncken to church plant . By Oncken’s death, Germany had 150 (1800-1884) By Oncken’s death, Germany had 150 churches and 31,400 members 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 133 WomenWomen inin BaptistBaptist LifeLife

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 135 AmongAmong thethe MissionariesMissionaries

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 136 AmongAmong thethe MissionariesMissionaries HenriettaHenrietta HallHall ShuckShuck (1817-1844)(1817-1844)

►First Am. woman missionary in China ►Wife of Jehu Lewis Shuck, who was sent by Trienniel Convention to China in 1835 ►Their first convert was in Macao in 1937 and they organized a church in Hong Kong by 1843 with 26 members ►Henrietta died 1844

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 137 AmongAmong thethe MissionariesMissionaries

► Women’sWomen’s BaptistBaptist MissionaryMissionary SocietySociety . Incorporated in 1874 for the Christianization of women around the world . Name changed to Women’s Baptist Foreign Missionary Society 1883 – Goal – to send out and support women missionaries to do evangelistic, educational and medical work ► TheThe Women’sWomen’s AmAm BaptistBaptist HomeHome MissionaryMissionary SocietySociety (1877)(1877) . In 1881 they established the Baptist Missionary Training School in Chicago to prepare missionaries for the field ► FemaleFemale MiteMite SocietiesSocieties ► BibleBible WomenWomen – indigenous women trained to work among their own women and children

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 138 DenominationalDenominational LeadersLeaders ►Daughter of a Baptist clergyman, Barrett, Rochester grad (1876) and pastor of Lake Avenue Baptist Church of Rochester for 13 yrs. ►Bible teacher in the church for 44 yrs.; licensed to preach in 1892 ►Associate of Susan B. Anthony in women’s rights movement ►President of Women’s ABFMS (1914- 1918) ►President of NBC 19211921 (Des Moines) ►Published The Centenary Translation of the New Testament (1924) Helen Barrett Montgomery 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 1861-1934 139 Pastor’sPastor’s WivesWives ► First met her future husband when he was 19 yr pastor of New Park Street ► Would often meet in the home of deacon Thomas Olney ► CHS gave her an illustrated copy of Pilgrim’s Progress to help her in her spiritual journey ► They were married Jan. 8 1856 ► Twins, Charles and Thomas, were born September 20, 1856 ► In poor health much of her life ► Her most lasting ministry other than faithful wife and mother was the Book Fund began after 1st volume of (1832-1892) Book Fund began after 1 volume of Lectures to My Students written. 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 140 Laymen in Baptist Life

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 141 BaptistBaptist LaymenLaymen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork

►ThomasThomas HollisHollis (1659-1731) . British Baptist; Calvinist . Wealthy London merchant . Learned of Harvard through a bequest in an uncle’s will . In 1721 gave a gift to Harvard to establish a professorship in divinity with the proviso the that the individual be “sound or orthodox in the faith” and that a Baptist should not necessarily be excluded from the chair on account of his views . Also donated books for the library and Greek and Hebrew types for printing

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 142 BaptistBaptist LaymenLaymen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork

► 5thth generation descendent of Chad Brown, a elder in Providence church ► Treasurer of the College of ► Businessman and benefactor ► Gave $5000 to the College of Rhode Island which was renamed Brown in 1804

Nicolas Brown 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church (1729-91) 143 BaptistBaptist LaymenLaymen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork

► Born Kent England, emigrated to the US with family 1798 ► Made his way to New York 1804 and worked as a soap-boilers apprentice ► Converted in a Presbyterian Church, he came to realize that there was no biblical foundation for infant baptism ► Baptized 1808 in 1st Baptist Church NYC ► Heavy supporter of Baptist missions, Baptist education, Baptist translation work William Colgate 06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church (1783-1857) 144 BaptistBaptist LaymenLaymen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork

►MatthewMatthew VassarVassar (1792-1860) . A Poughkeepsie NY brewer and banker who was a member of the Baptist Church . He also served as president of Hudson River Railroad . He help Milo P. Jewett open a college for girls in 1861 . Vassar was to be for women what Harvard and Yale was for men . Gave $400,00 in his lifetime and bequests of equal value

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 145 BaptistBaptist LaymenLaymen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork

► John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (1839-1937) . Oil magnate – Standard Oil . Member of Euclid Street Baptist Cleveland, Fifth Ave. Baptist New York . Financier of Baptist work, esp. education John D. Rockefeller, Jr. (1874-1960) – Philanthropist – Sunday school teacher – Sr. & Jr. would give ½ billion to philanthropy, much of that to Baptist work – $35 million to the U of Chicago – Funded the NBC annual upwards of 9% of total budget until 1935

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 146 BaptistBaptist WomenWomen PhilanthropistsPhilanthropists andand supporterssupporters ofof BaptistBaptist workwork ►LauraLaura SpelmanSpelman RockefellerRockefeller (1839-1915) . Cettie, daughter of devout Christan parents, married JD Sr. Sept 8, 1864 . Joined the Baptist church with her husband . Took an interest in Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary which was renamed Spelman Seminary 1884 after JDR visited and paid the debt; renamed Spelman College 1924 . JDR and Cettie gave large amounts over the years

06/17/12 Baptist History – Prior Lake Baptist Church 147