CHRONOLOGY of BIBLICAL CHRISTIANITY by Dr
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(CE:1227A-1228A) HEXAPLA and TETRAPLA, Two Editions of the Old Testament by ORIGEN
(CE:1227a-1228a) HEXAPLA AND TETRAPLA, two editions of the Old Testament by ORIGEN. The Bible was the center of Origen's religion, and no church father lived more in it than he did. The foundation, however, of all study of the Bible was the establishment of an accurate text. Fairly early in his career (c. 220) Origen was confronted with the fact that Jews disputed whether some Christian proof texts were to be found in scripture, while Christians accused the Jews of removing embarrassing texts from scripture. It was not, however, until his long exile in Caesarea (232-254) that Origen had the opportunity to undertake his major work of textual criticism. EUSEBIUS (Historia ecclesiastica 6. 16) tells us that "he even made a thorough study of the Hebrew language," an exaggeration; but with the help of a Jewish teacher he learned enough Hebrew to be able to compare the various Jewish and Jewish-Christian versions of the Old Testament that were extant in the third century. Jerome (De viris illustribus 54) adds that knowledge of Hebrew was "contrary to the spirit of his period and his race," an interesting sidelight on how Greeks and Jews remained in their separate communities even though they might live in the same towns in the Greco-Roman East. Origen started with the Septuagint, and then, according to Eusebius (6. 16), turned first to "the original writings in the actual Hebrew characters" and then to the versions of the Jews Aquila and Theodotion and the Jewish-Christian Symmachus. There is a problem, however, about the next stage in Origen's critical work. -
Pieter Bruegel's the Beekeepers| Protestants, Catholics, Birds, and Bees| Beehive Rustling on the Low Plains of Flanders
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2004 Pieter Bruegel's The Beekeepers| Protestants, Catholics, birds, and bees| Beehive rustling on the low plains of Flanders Edgar W. Smith The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Smith, Edgar W., "Pieter Bruegel's The Beekeepers| Protestants, Catholics, birds, and bees| Beehive rustling on the low plains of Flanders" (2004). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 3222. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/3222 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. a; Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Flease check "Yes" or "No" and provide signature** Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author's Signature:_____ Date:__________________ Y Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. 8/98 PIETER BRUEGEL’S THE BEEKEEPERS PROTESTANTS, CATHOLICS, BIRDS, AND BEES: Beehive Rustling on the Low Plains of Flanders by Edgar Smith B.A. -
August 2014 Issue.Indd
YOU OF LITTLE FAITH ... WHY DID YOU DOUBT? Baltimore-Washington Conference of The United Methodist Church • BecomingConnection fully alive in Christ and making a diff erence in a diverse and ever-changing world • www.bwcumc.org • Volume 25, Issue 7 • July 2014 UM IN THIS ISSUE Mizo community becomes UM church The Word is ‘Independence’ p. Conference Events ................ p. UM pastor ‘refrocked’............ p. Bishop issues rulings of law p. Art and the Holy in D.C.............. p. Making a Diff erence............ p. Downtown prayer walking p. Grays becomes deaconness p. Strawbridge Shrine celebrates p. Melissa Lauber Children from the new Mizo UMC choir sing hymns in their native language during the church’s chartering service June in Rockville. By Melissa Lauber UMConnection Staff of how the church is alive in mission, sending more than $12,000 hen they first started meeting at Zuali Malsawma’s a year to ministries in Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) and house a decade ago, the 10 people gathered hoped they surrounding countries. might grow to be a fellowship of 25 people. Much of that money goes to support other churches’ evangelism “But God worked,” Malsawma said. eff orts and has resulted in many baptisms. WOn June 22, exactly 179 people became members of the new “We thank God for everything,” Chhunga said. “God uses us. Mizo United Methodist Church in Rockville. God inspires us. Above all we depend on the grace of God.” “God is indeed good,” said the Rev. Joseph Daniels, superinten- Th e congregation is united by language. Most speak Mizo or dent of the Greater Washington District, as he handed the church’s Mizo tawng. -
Remembering Francis Asbury Erik Alsgaard the Rev
FOR IN GOD ALL THINGS WERE CREATED: ALL THINGS HAVE BEEN CREATED THROUGH GOD AND FOR GOD. – COLOSSIANS 1:16 Baltimore-Washington UM Conference of The United Methodist Church • BecomingConnection fully alive in Christ and making a difference in a diverse and ever-changing world • www.bwcumc.org • Volume 27, Issue 04 • April 2016 Remembering Francis Asbury Erik Alsgaard The Rev. Emora Brannan speaks at the dedication of a new monument (tallest one, to his right) honoring Bishop Francis Asbury and others at Mt. Olivet Cemetery in Baltimore. On the platform are the Rev. Travis Knoll, left, pastor of Lovely Lane UMC, and Walter Tegeler, owner of the company that made the monument. By Erik Alsgaard Asbury knew popular American culture long before UMConnection Staff anyone else because of his extensive travels, Day said. His mission was to make the Gospel relevant to BMCR meets in ishop Francis Asbury was remembered as the everyone he met. One piece of American culture he “The Prophet of the Long Road” on the 200th abhorred was slavery; Asbury called it a “moral evil.” Baltimore anniversary of his death during worship at And yet, Asbury made accommodations for slave- Lovely Lane UMC and ceremonies at Mt. Olivet holding Methodists, mostly in the South, in order to By Melissa Lauber & Larry Hygh* BCemetery, both in Baltimore, on April 3. hold the church together, Day said. “This haunted him UMConnection Staff Asbury, an icon of Methodism from its start in the rest of his life.” Colonial America, arrived on these shores from England At the Christmas Conference of 1784, held in tanding before the 330 members of the in 1771 at the age of 26. -
G:\Lists Periodicals\Periodical Lists B\BIFAO.Wpd
Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale Past and present members of the staff of the Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Stelae, Reliefs and Paintings, especially R. L. B. Moss and E. W. Burney, have taken part in the analysis of this periodical and the preparation of this list at the Griffith Institute, University of Oxford This pdf version (situation on 14 July 2010): Jaromir Malek (Editor), Diana Magee, Elizabeth Fleming and Alison Hobby (Assistants to the Editor) Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 21-3 fig. 1 Meir. B.2. Ukh-hotep. iv.250(8)-(9) Top register, Beja herdsman. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 21-3 fig. 2 Meir. B.2. Ukh-hotep. iv.250(4)-(5) Lower part, Beja herdsman. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 21-3 fig. 3 Meir. B.2. Ukh-hotep. iv.250(8)-(9) III, Beja holding on to boat. Salmon in BIFAO i (1901), pl. opp. 72 El-Faiyûm. iv.96 Plan. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 88-9 Meir. Miscellaneous. Statues. iv.257 Fragment of statue of Ukh-hotep. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 89 [4] El-Qûs.îya. (Cusae) iv.258A Block of Djehutardais, probably Dyn. XXX. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 90 [top] Text El-Qûs.îya. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Stelae, Reliefs and Paintings Griffith Institute, Sackler Library, 1 St John Street, Oxford OX1 2LG, United Kingdom [email protected] 2 iv.258 Fragment of lintel. Clédat in BIFAO i (1901), 92-3 Cartouches and texts Gebel Abû Fôda. -
Heart of Anglicanism Week #1
THE HEART OF ANGLICANISM #1 What Exactly Is an Anglican? Rev. Carl B. Smith II, Ph.D. WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE ANGLICAN? ANGLICANISM IS… HISTORICAL IN ORIGIN • First Century Origin: Christ and Apostles (Apostolic) • Claims to Apostolicity (1st Century): RCC & Orthodox • Protestants → through RCC (end up being anti-RCC) • Church of England – Anglican Uniqueness • Tradition – Joseph of Arimathea; Roman Soldiers; Celtic Church; Augustine of Canterbury; Synod of Whitby (664), Separated from Rome by Henry VIII (1534; Reformation) • A Fourth Branch of Christianity? BRANCHES OF CHRISTIAN CHURCH GENERALLY UNIFIED UNTIL SCHISM OF 1054 Eastern Church: Orthodox Western Church: Catholic Patriarch of Constantinople Reformation Divisions (1517) • Greek Orthodox 1. Roman Catholic Church • Russian Orthodox 2. Protestant Churches • Coptic Church 3. Church of England/ • American Orthodox Anglican Communion (Vatican II Document) NAME CHANGES THROUGH TIME • Roman Catholic until Reformation (1534) • Church of England until Revolutionary War (1785) • In America: The (Protestant) Episcopal Church • Break 2009: Anglican Church in North America • Founded as province of global Anglican Communion • Recognized by Primates of Global Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans (African, Asian, So. American) TWO PRIMARY SOURCES OF ACNA A NEW SENSE OF VIA MEDIA ACNA ANGLICANISM IS… DENOMINATIONAL IN DISTINCTIVES Certain features set Anglicanism apart from other branches of Christianity and denominations (e.g., currency): • Book of Common Prayer • 39 Articles of Religion (Elizabethan Settlement; Via Media) • GAFCON Jerusalem Declaration of 2008 (vs. TEC) • Provincial archbishops – w/ A. of Canterbury (first…) • Episcopal oversight – support and accountability ANGLICANISM IS… EPISCOPAL IN GOVERNANCE • Spiritual Authority – Regional & Pastoral • Provides Support & Accountability • Apostolic Succession? Continuity through history • NT 2-fold order: bishop/elder/pastor & deacons • Ignatius of Antioch (d. -
2 the Assyrian Empire, the Conquest of Israel, and the Colonization of Judah 37 I
ISRAEL AND EMPIRE ii ISRAEL AND EMPIRE A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism Leo G. Perdue and Warren Carter Edited by Coleman A. Baker LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY 1 Bloomsbury T&T Clark An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as T&T Clark 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury, T&T Clark and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2015 © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-0-56705-409-8 PB: 978-0-56724-328-7 ePDF: 978-0-56728-051-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset by Forthcoming Publications (www.forthpub.com) 1 Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction: Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonial Interpretation 1 I. -
Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N
Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N. Purcell, 1997 Introduction The landscape of central Italy has not been intrinsically stable. The steep slopes of the mountains have been deforested–several times in many cases–with consequent erosion; frane or avalanches remove large tracts of regolith, and doubly obliterate the archaeological record. In the valley-bottoms active streams have deposited and eroded successive layers of fill, sealing and destroying the evidence of settlement in many relatively favored niches. The more extensive lowlands have also seen substantial depositions of alluvial and colluvial material; the coasts have been exposed to erosion, aggradation and occasional tectonic deformation, or–spectacularly in the Bay of Naples– alternating collapse and re-elevation (“bradyseism”) at a staggeringly rapid pace. Earthquakes everywhere have accelerated the rate of change; vulcanicity in Campania has several times transformed substantial tracts of landscape beyond recognition–and reconstruction (thus no attempt is made here to re-create the contours of any of the sometimes very different forerunners of today’s Mt. Vesuvius). To this instability must be added the effect of intensive and continuous intervention by humanity. Episodes of depopulation in the Italian peninsula have arguably been neither prolonged nor pronounced within the timespan of the map and beyond. Even so, over the centuries the settlement pattern has been more than usually mutable, which has tended to obscure or damage the archaeological record. More archaeological evidence has emerged as modern urbanization spreads; but even more has been destroyed. What is available to the historical cartographer varies in quality from area to area in surprising ways. -
Copyright © 2014 Michael Anthony Cobb All Rights Reserved. the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Has Permission to Reprodu
Copyright © 2014 Michael Anthony Cobb All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation, or instruction. THE INTEGRATION OF REVIVAL METHODOLOGY, REFORMED THEOLOGY, AND CHURCH REVITALIZATION IN THE EVANGELISTIC MINISTRY OF ASAHEL NETTLETON __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Michael Anthony Cobb December 2014 APPROVAL SHEET THE INTEGRATION OF REVIVAL METHODOLOGY, REFORMED THEOLOGY, AND CHURCH REVITALIZATION IN THE EVANGELISTIC MINISTRY OF ASAHEL NETTLETON Michael Anthony Cobb Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Timothy K. Beougher (Chair) __________________________________________ Adam W. Greenway __________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin Date ______________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE . v Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 Thesis . 3 Background . 4 Methodology . 14 Conclusion . 18 2. THE SECOND GREAT AWAKENING . 19 Moral Declension . 20 Church Decline . 25 The Incoming Tide . 38 Conclusion . 49 3. ASAHEL NETTLETON’S SPIRITUAL FORMATION . 54 Introduction . 54 Overview of Nettleton’s Life . 57 A Decade of Revitalization (1812-1822) . 87 Conclusion . 90 4. ASAHEL NETTLETON’S THEOLOGY . 92 Introduction . 92 Nettleton’s -
10. Why Didn't Jesus Use the Septuagint?
10 Q Did Jesus and the apostles, including Paul, quote from the Septuagint? A There are absolutely no manuscripts pre-dating the third century A.D. to validate the claim that Jesus or Paul quoted a Greek Old Testament. Quotations by Jesus and Paul in new versions’ New Testaments may match readings in the so-called Septuagint because new versions are from the exact same corrupt fourth and fifth century A.D. manuscripts which underlie the document sold today and called the Septuagint. These manuscripts are Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, and Sinaiticus. According to the colophon on the end of Sinaiticus, it came from Origen’s Hexapla. The others likely did also. Even church historians, Jerome, Hort, and our contemporary D.A. Carson, would agree that this is probably true. Origen wrote his Hexapla two hundred years after the life of Christ and Paul! NIV New Testament and Old Testament quotes may match occasionally because they were both penned by the same hand — a hand which recast both Old and New Testament to suit his Platonic and Gnostic leanings. New versions take the Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, and Alexandrinus manuscripts — which are in fact Origen’s Hexapla — and change the traditional Masoretic Old Testament text to match these. Alfred Martin, who was a past vice- president of Moody Bible Institute, called Origen “unsafe.” Origen’s Hexapla is a very unsafe source to use to change the historic Old Testament. The preface of the Septuagint marketed today points out that the stories surrounding the B.C. (before Christ) creation of the Septuagint (LXX) and the existence of a Greek Old Testament are based on fables. -
A New Approach to the Interpretation As to the Function of the Elevated Beds Discovered at Deir El-Medina
A NEW APPROACH OF IDENTIFING THE FUNCTION OF THE ELEVATED BEDS AT DEIR EL-MEDINA by MICHELLE LESLEY BROOKER A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the Degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY (B) Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity The University of Birmingham 11/06/09 June 2009 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This research consists of a different approach to the investigation of the elevated beds at Deir el-Medina. It identifies the underlining factors considered during their construction, where they were positioned, how they were orientated and what the surviving iconographies suggested about their original usage. It concludes with identifying the front rooms at Deir el-Medina as gardens. The frontal room is where the elevated beds were positioned and therefore link to the gardens symbolic meaning of resurrection and the afterlife. The elevated beds were orientated to symbolize the deceases’ connection with Re and Osiris. It also signifies a change after the Amarna period with an influx in Osiris worship. The iconographies surviving upon the elevated beds convey the deceased being reborn within the field of reeds signifying that the elevated beds were possibly used for altar purposes. -
The Forgotten Queens of Islam This Page Intentionally Left Blank the Forgotten Queens of Islam
The Forgotten Queens of Islam This page intentionally left blank The Forgotten Queens of Islam FATIMA MERNISSI Translated by Mary Jo Lakeland University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis English Translation © Polity Press 1993 First Published in France as Sultanes oubliees © Editions Albin Michel S.A., 1990 This translation first published 1993 by Polity Press in association with Blackwell Publishers All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu Fourth paperback printing, 2006 A CIP record is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 0-8166-2439-9 (pb) Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer. Contents Introduction: Was Benazir Bhutto the First? 1 PART i Queens and Courtesans 1 How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam? 9 2 The Caliph and the Queen 26 3 The jawari or Revolution in the Harem 37 4 Khayzuran: Courtesan or Head of State? 51 PART ii Sovereignty in Islam 5 The Criteria of Sovereignty in Islam 71 6 Fifteen Queens 88 PART in The Arab Queens 7 The Shi'ite Dynasty of Yemen 115 8 The Little Queens of Sheba 139 9 The Lady of Cairo