Rhizome Updates from the Institute for the Study of Global Anabaptism
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Reconstruction Or Reformation the Conciliar Papacy and Jan Hus of Bohemia
Garcia 1 RECONSTRUCTION OR REFORMATION THE CONCILIAR PAPACY AND JAN HUS OF BOHEMIA Franky Garcia HY 490 Dr. Andy Dunar 15 March 2012 Garcia 2 The declining institution of the Church quashed the Hussite Heresy through a radical self-reconstruction led by the conciliar reformers. The Roman Church of the late Middle Ages was in a state of decline after years of dealing with heresy. While the Papacy had grown in power through the Middle Ages, after it fought the crusades it lost its authority over the temporal leaders in Europe. Once there was no papal banner for troops to march behind to faraway lands, European rulers began fighting among themselves. This led to the Great Schism of 1378, in which different rulers in Europe elected different popes. Before the schism ended in 1417, there were three popes holding support from various European monarchs. Thus, when a new reform movement led by Jan Hus of Bohemia arose at the beginning of the fifteenth century, the declining Church was at odds over how to deal with it. The Church had been able to deal ecumenically (or in a religiously unified way) with reforms in the past, but its weakened state after the crusades made ecumenism too great a risk. Instead, the Church took a repressive approach to the situation. Bohemia was a land stained with a history of heresy, and to let Hus's reform go unchecked might allow for a heretical movement on a scale that surpassed even the Cathars of southern France. Therefore the Church, under guidance of Pope John XXIII and Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Luxemburg, convened in the Council of Constance in 1414. -
Part I the Beginnings
Part I The Beginnings 1 The Problem of Heresy Heresy, and the horror it inspires, intertwines with the history of the Church itself. Jesus warned his disciples against the false prophets who would take His name and the Epistle to Titus states that a heretic, after a first and second abomination, must be rejected. But Paul, writing to the Corinthians, said, `Oportet esse haereses', as the Latin Vulgate translated his phrase ± `there must be heresies, that they which are proved may be manifest among you'1 ± and it was understood by medieval churchmen that they must expect to be afflicted by heresies. Heresy was of great importance in the early centuries in forcing the Church progressively to define its doctrines and to anathematize deviant theological opinions. At times, in the great movements such as Arianism and Gnosticism, heresy seemed to overshadow the Church altogether. Knowledge of the individ- ual heresies and of the definitions which condemned them became a part of the equipment of the learned Christian; the writings of the Fathers wrestled with these deviations, and lists of heresies and handbooks assimilated this experience of the early centuries and handed it on to the Middle Ages. Events after Christianity became the official religion of the Empire also shaped the assumptions with which the Church of the Middle Ages met heresy. After Constantine's conversion, Christians in effect held the power of the State and, despite some hesitations, they used it to impose a uniformity of belief. Both in the eastern and in the western portions of the Empire it became the law that pertinacious heretics were subject to the punishments of exile, branding, confis- cation of goods, or death. -
Not Quite Calvinist: Cyril Lucaris a Reconsideration of His Life and Beliefs
College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU School of Theology and Seminary Graduate Papers/Theses School of Theology and Seminary 3-13-2018 Not Quite Calvinist: Cyril Lucaris a Reconsideration of His Life and Beliefs Stephanie Falkowski College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/sot_papers Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Falkowski, Stephanie, "Not Quite Calvinist: Cyril Lucaris a Reconsideration of His Life and Beliefs" (2018). School of Theology and Seminary Graduate Papers/Theses. 1916. https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/sot_papers/1916 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Theology and Seminary at DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. It has been accepted for inclusion in School of Theology and Seminary Graduate Papers/Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOT QUITE CALVINIST: CYRIL LUCARIS A RECONSIDERATION OF HIS LIFE AND BELIEFS by Stephanie Falkowski 814 N. 11 Street Virginia, Minnesota A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology and Seminary of Saint John’s University, Collegeville, Minnesota, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Theology. SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY AND SEMINARY Saint John’s University Collegeville, Minnesota March 13, 2018 This thesis was written under the direction of ________________________________________ Dr. Shawn Colberg Director _________________________________________ Dr. Charles Bobertz Second Reader Stephanie Falkowski has successfully demonstrated the use of Greek and Latin in this thesis. -
Healing Memories: Reconciling in Christ Report of the Lutheran-Mennonite International Study Commission the Mennonite World Conference
The Lutheran World FederationThe LutheranWorld The Lutheran World Federation The Mennonite World Conference Healing Reconciling Memories: in Christ Healing Memories: Reconciling in Christ Report of the Lutheran-Mennonite International Study Commission The Mennonite World Conference World Mennonite The The Lutheran World Federation 150, rte de Ferney CH-1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland ISBN 978-2-940459-00-1 OEA-Lutheran-Mennonites-2010-cov1 1 05/07/2010 17:21:53 PM Healing Memories: Reconciling in Christ Report of the Lutheran-Mennonite International Study Commission The Lutheran World Federation The Mennonite World Conference 2010 OEA-Lutheran-Mennonites-2010-EN.1 1 05/07/2010 17:57:29 PM Healing Memories: Reconciling in Christ Report of the Lutheran-Mennonite International Study Commission Published by: The Lutheran World Federation 150, route de Ferney, P.O. Box 2100 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland and Mennonite World Conference 8, rue du Fossé des Treize F-67000 Strasbourg, France Copyright © 2010 The Lutheran World Federation and The Mennonite World Conference Printed in Germany ISBN 978-2-940459-00-1 Publication of this book was made possible by a special gift from Prof. emeritus Dr Joachim Track, chairman of the Program Committee for Ecumenical Affairs of the Lutheran World Federation Council, 2003-10. OEA-Lutheran-Mennonites-2010-EN.2 2 05/07/2010 17:57:30 PM Contents 5 Preface 11 Part I Introduction 12 Origin and Mandate of the International Study Commission 13 Study Commission Members 13 The Commission and its Themes 19 Part 2 Telling -
Pentecostal Aspects of Early Sixteenth Century Anabaptism
PENTECOSTAL ASPECTS OF EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURY ANABAPTISM By CHARLES HANNON BYRD II A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Theology and Religion School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2009 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Early sixteenth century radical Anabaptism emanated in Switzerland during Huldrych Zwingli’s protest against the Roman Catholic Church. Much like Martin Luther, Zwingli founded his reform effort on the Bible being the final arbiter of the faith, sola scriptura, and the sufficiency of the shed blood of Christ plus nothing for eternal salvation, sola fide. Based on these principles both adopted the doctrine of the Priesthood of the Believer which recognized every believer’s Spirit empowered ability to read and interpret the Bible for themselves. These initial theological tenets resulted in the literal reading of the Bible and a very pragmatic Christian praxis including a Pauline pneumatology that recognized the efficacy of the manifestation of the charismata. Radical adherents of Zwingli rejected infant baptism as being totally unbiblical and insisted upon the rebaptism of adults, but only on a personal confession of faith, thus the term Anabaptist. -
Art and Propaganda in Hussite Bohemia
I / 1993 / 2 Art and Propaganda in Hussite Bohemia Thomas A. Fudge During the later stages of its assembly, the Council of Constance received the complaint that pictures of Jan Hus were circulating in Bohemia. Taborite manifestos appeared in Basel during the Council and the holy fathers sought in vain for the pernicious culprit who nailed one shamelessly to a church door! At the height of the indulgence controversy in Prague, Voksa of Vald§tejn and Jerome of Prague organized a procession in which a person rode on a beast dressed as a whore, bared breasts with bogus papal bulls. She was covered with little silver bells which rang with every movement like the church bells during Mass. Imitating the enticing sales-talk of perhaps both the indulgence vendors and the ladies of the night, the indulgences were offered to the crowd who roared their approval and delight. With wicked leers and lewd gestures the whore blessed the people as if she were pope. As the procession passed the palace of the archbishop the mob, in one accord, shouted that the bulls and indulgences belonged to renegades and heretics. The parade wound its way to the New Town where the bulls were burnt.1 These three events are all examples of propaganda in the Hussite move ment. I am using the term propaganda simply as the deliberate effort to shape perceptions and understandings toward a particular behavior which promo tes a pre-conceived idea. The relevant question, then, is: How did the radical Hussites spread their ideas at the popular level? It is too simplistic to assume that Hussite ideas were spread primarily by Hussite preachers. -
Charles University: a History of Revolution
Portland State University PDXScholar Young Historians Conference Young Historians Conference 2016 Apr 28th, 9:00 AM - 9:15 AM Charles University: A History of Revolution Matous Komers Riverdale High School Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/younghistorians Part of the European History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Political History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Komers, Matous, "Charles University: A History of Revolution" (2016). Young Historians Conference. 20. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/younghistorians/2016/oralpres/20 This Event is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Young Historians Conference by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Komers 1 Matous Komers Laura Keldorf History 101 14 November 2015 Question: What role did Charles University play in the spread and survival of Hussitism in 14th and 15th century Europe? Charles University: A History of Revolution Charles University, otherwise known as the University of Prague, is considered one of the oldest and most prestigious academic institutions in Europe. Starting out as a religiously affiliated institution, it metamorphosed into a credible researchedbased institutions as more common, secular schools of thought emerged throughout history. The university’s eminent reputation came under threat in 1948 with the rise of communism in Czechoslovakia. The new communist regime firmly censored the curriculum of Charles University to maintain the dominance of its political and social ideologies. The university was forced to sever most of the bonds it had established with its international colleagues and its research department suffered as a result. -
Download a Pdf File of This Issue for Free Download
Issue 68: Jan Hus: Incendiary Preacher of Prague Jan Hus: Did You Know? Interesting and unusual facts about Jan Hus and his followers. Elesha Coffman Have Gun, Will Travel After Hus's martyrdom his Czech supporters, the Hussites, organized militant resistance to the Holy Roman Empire. Remarkably, the vastly outnumbered rebels repelled six crusades and even launched several offensives outside Bohemia. One of their secrets was the war wagon (above), a mobile fortress loaded with bowsmen and gunners. The wagons slammed through enemy lines, facilitated evasive maneuvers, and once, when filled with rocks and rolled down a hill, sent an attacking force into such a panic that 1,400 soldiers were flattened or killed while trying to retreat. Il Duce, Biographer In 1929 Benito Mussolini published a largely sympathetic biography of Jan Hus. He (or a ghost writer) wrote in the preface, "I hope that the reading of these pages will familiarize the public of independent thinkers with the epoch, the life, and the work of the least known of the heretics who lived north of the Alps." He also hoped that the book "may arouse in the minds of its readers a hatred of every form of spiritual and secular tyranny, whether it be theocratic or Jacobine." Fixer-Upper Though promised safe conduct to and from the Council of Constance, Hus was arrested upon arrival. He spent eight days in a church official's house before being transferred to a stinking cell in the Dominican monastery on an island in Lake Constance. Conditions there were so bad that Hus nearly died. -
The Hussite Movement: a Forerunner of the Reformation Or Its First Phase?
PRZEGLĄD ZACHODNI 2018 JAROSŁAW NIKODEM Poznań THE HUSSITE MOVEMENT: A FORERUNNER OF THE REFORMATION OR ITS FIRST PHASE? In memory of Professor Stanisław Bylina In historiography, attempts at comparing or providing a common perspective on various distant events are undoubtedly needed. Often they provide valuable insights even if they evoke dispute;1 however, they should be approached with much caution. Most commonly, they are undertaken by authors who are not knowledgeable enough to competently discuss issues concerning different historical periods. This reservation also applies, perhaps in a particular way, to the author of this paper. This means that my observations are solely meant to draw attention to certain issues and to the exist- ence of hasty and sometimes unjustified historiographic judgements. The aforementioned pitfalls concern not only different historical periods, but also historians’ own interests. I fully share the reservations expressed by the late Jiří Kejř, a renowned expert on the life and work of Jan Hus and the history of the Hussite movement. He wrote that he could never understand why some historians writing about Hussitism referred to the crisis of feudalism and viewed Hussitism as the first phase of the bourgeois revolution or as a historical anomaly. Attempts to justify such claims, he argued, were doomed to failure, because primary sources would not sup- port them and far-reaching generalisations are typically unsafe. In this case, that par- ticularly applies to feudalism, which is difficult to define and had a number of forms.2 The question of what the relevance of the Hussite movement was to Protestantism3 1 Cf., e.g., A. -
Highlights of the Lutheran Reformation in Slovakia
CONCORDIA THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY Volume 42 Number 1 JANUARY 1978 An Evaluation of the Australian Lutheran "Statement on Homosexuality" . Robert W. Schaibley 1 Observations and Reflections on the Giant Psalm . Raymond F. Surburg 8 Highlights of the Lutheran Reformation in Slovakia . , . David P. Daniel 21 Theological Observer . 35 Homiletical Studies . 39 Book Reviews ........................................ 80 Books Received ....................................... 99 Highlights of the Lutheran Reformation in Slovakia David P. Daniel The Pennsylvania State University , Erie, Pennsylvania The territory of modem Slovakia, encompassing much of what was formerly upper Hungary, was, during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, a Protestant stronghold and the heartland of Slavic Lutheranism. It is one of the few Slavic regions of Europe where a substantial number of Lutherans1 have maintained their theological and liturgical traditions as the heritage of the Reformation, and the Lutherans played a role in the cultural-national awakening of the Slovaks of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries far more significant than their numbers would have suggested. Unfortunately, the history of Lutheranism and the Lutheran Refonnation in Slovakia has been neglected by most historians. Even Czech historians do little more than assert that the Reformation strengthened the cultural and linguistic ties between the Czechs and the Slovaks while Hungarian historians, understandably, do not differentiate between the growth of Lutheranism in the Carpathians and the Reformation in the rest of Hungary.2 More disquieting is that only a handful of Slovaks have addressed themselves to the formal study of the Lutheran Reformation and many of these were primarily interested in indicating the relationship which they believed existed between the Czech Hussites of the fknthcentury and the Lutherans of the sixteenth century, hoping to justlfy the concept of a Czechoslovak people. -
The 'Law of God': Reform and Religious Practice in Late Medieval
49 The ‘Law of God’: Reform and Religious Practice in Late Medieval Bohemia Thomas A. Fudge (Christchurch, New Zealand) Around 1380 Pavel of Janovic, Archdeacon of Prague, personally visited more than 300 parishes in the Archdiocese of Prague. His visitation record survives. The visitation protocol is, among other things, an extensive dossier of clerical abuses, immorality, and an absence of concern for spiritual matters. Archdeacon Pavel reports that married pastors took more delight in song and drunkenness than they did in divine service. Other priests lived openly with concubines. Priest Václav, in the deanery of Podìbrady, frequently drank himself senseless and behaved improperly in the town of Hostomice. In the town of Všeradice the priests were numbered among the town drunks. Priest Jan was a heavy drinker and Priest Jakob seldom made it through a day sober. Priests acquired property and engaged in business to the detriment of their religious vows. Carmelite monks evidently were duping gullible women into questionable pseudo-medical treatments, the nature of which can only be left to the imagination! More shocking was the case of a presbyter who operated a lucrative brothel in his home. Many of his regular customers and frequent patrons were fellow clerics!1 The church in Bohemia in the second half of the fourteenth century was clearly in need of reform. Church ownership of parishes in the Archdiocese of Prague was about 29%, though in the general vicinity of Prague itself the figure was closer to 54%, while in the diocese of Litomyšl the figure was just under 50%.2 At the same time St. -
History and Religion Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche Und Vorarbeiten
History and Religion Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten Herausgegeben von Jörg Rüpke und Christoph Uehlinger Band 68 History and Religion Narrating a Religious Past Edited by Bernd-Christian Otto, Susanne Rau and Jörg Rüpke with the support of Andrés Quero-Sánchez ISBN 978-3-11-044454-4 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-044595-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-043725-6 ISSN 0939-2580 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2015 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ∞ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com TableofContents Historyand Religion 1 Section I Origins and developments Introduction 21 Johannes Bronkhorst The historiography of Brahmanism 27 Jörg Rüpke Construing ‘religion’ by doinghistoriography: The historicisation of religion in the Roman Republic 45 Anders Klostergaard Petersen The use of historiography in Paul: Acase-study of the instrumentalisation of the past in the context of Late Second Temple Judaism 63 Ingvild Sælid Gilhus Flirty fishing and poisonous serpents: Epiphanius of Salamis inside his Medical chestagainstheresies 93 Sylvie Hureau Reading sutras in biographies of Chinese Buddhist monks 109 Chase F. Robinson Historyand