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'Arabiyah As-Su'udiyah=Saudia =Ksa ARABIA SAUDITA ARABIA SAUDITA=SAUDI ARABIA=ARABIA= AL-‘ARABIYAH AS-SU’UDIYAH=SAUDIA =K.S.A. Anticamente ARVASTAN=ARVASTHAN Al-Mumlakah al-Arribiyah as-Saudiyyah Al-Mamlaka al-‘Arabiya as-Su’udiya Regno dell’Arabia Saudita Ar-Riyadh=Riad, 1.350.000 ab. (dal 1818). (Dal 1744 al 1818 la capitale fu: Dariyah) Kmq. 2.153.168 (2.149.690)(2.150.000)(2.157.000)(2.255.000) Compreso TERRITORIO NEUTRALE, per la parte di competenza, tra l’Arabia Saudita e l’Iraq, indiviso dal 2/12/1922 al 1995 (con ancora qualche disputa). Compreso TERRITORIO NEUTRALE, per la parte di competenza, tra l’Arabia Saudita e il Cuvait (indiviso dal 2/12/1922 al 7/07/1965). Dispute col Cuvait per Qarah e Umm al-Maradim (occupati Cuvait). Il Catar gli rivendica le Isole Hwar. Vertenze di confine con il Catar (Oasi di Jofus). Controversie sui confini con l’Oman. Contestazioni con lo Iemen per le tre Province meridionali (Asir, Najran, Jizan). Dispute con lo Iemen per l’Isola al-Duwaima (occupata Iemen, trattato del 12/06/2000). Territori non esattamente delimitati con EAU (trattati del 1974 e del 1977 non ancora resi pubblici). Dispute con EAU per campo petrolifero di Zarrara e Area di Khor al-Odaid (occupato dall’EAU). Divisione con Barain per l’Isola sulla Scogliera di Re Fahd. Dispute per acque territoriali con Israele/Egitto/Giordania (Golfo di Aqaba). Dispute per acque territoriali con Barain (presso Abu Saapa). Movimento indipendentista in Hejaz. Ab. 7.000.000---21.500.000 Arabi (90%) - Anaza - Arbo=Harb - Anazimo=Anazim - Bani - Catano=Qahtan Pagina 1 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA - Davasiro=Dawasir - Mutairo=Mutayr - Murra - Ruala - Sciammaro=Shammar - Subai=Subay - Sulo=Suhul - Usmano=Usman=Ujman - Utaiba=Utaibà=Utaybah - Usmaro=Ugimaro=Ujmar Iraniani Indiani Pachistani Beduini - Almurrà=Al-Murrah - Ralladami=Ramlat-Dham - Suluba Lingua Nazionale/Ufficiale: Arabo Standa=Standard Arabic. Alfabeto Arabo, da destra a sinistra; 29 lettere, di cui 26* consonanti, 1** vocale, 2*** semivocali. *dal ta lam ba dhal za tah mim tha zay ayn nun gim sin ghayn ha shin fa ha’ sad qaf kha dad Pagina 2 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA khaf hamza **alif ***ia waw Alfabetizzazione: 38%---50% (Uomini); … (Donne). Ciechi: 140.000. Sordi: 1.110.000. Indice di diversità: 0.56 Arabo Parlata del Golfo=Gulf Spoken Arabic=Parlata del Golfo=Gulf Spoken (200.000) - Alasa=Al-Hasaa Arabo Parlata Egiziana=Egyptian Spoken Arabic (300.000) Arabo Parlata Igiazi=Hijazi Spoken Arabic=Igiazi=Hijazi=Arabo Colloquiale Ove- starabo=West Arabian Colloquial Arabic (6.000.000) - Igiazi Settentrionale=North Hijazi - Igiazi Meridionale=South Hijazi - Valle Tiamà=Valle=Tiamà=Valley Tihaamah - Costa Tiamà=Costa=Tiamà Costa=Coastal Tihaamah Arabo Parlata Nagidi=Najdi Spoken Arabic (8.000.000) - Nagidi Settentrionale=North Najdi=Sciammari=Shammari=Banicalidi= Bani Khaalid=Dafiro=Dafiiro=Dafiir - Nagidi Centrale=Central Najdi=Ruala=Rwala=Ailo=Haayl=Alcasima=Al- Qasiim=Sudairo=Sudair=Riadi=Riadiano=Riyadh=Ofufi=Hofuf=Biscià= Biishah=Nagiracano=Najraan=Ali=Ali Selvaggio=Wild ‘Ali=Auazimi= ‘Awaazim=Rasciaida=Rashaayda=Mutairo=Mutair=Utaiba=’Utaiba= Agimano=’Ajmaan - Nagidi Meridionale=South Najdi=Almurrà=Al-Murrah=Nagirano=Nagirano= Najran Arabo Parlata Sudanese=Sudanese Spoken Arabic Arabo Standa=Standard Arabic=Alto Arabo=Arabo Superiore=High Arabic=Alfusa= Al-Fus-ha=Alarabia=Arabia=Al-Arabiya=Arabo=Arabic (17.500.000) - Arabo Standa Moderno=Modern Standard Arabic=Arabo Letterario Moderno =Modern Literary Arabic - Arabo Classico=Classical Arabic=Arabo Coranico=Koranic Arabic=Arabo Curanico=Quranic Arabic Bengalese=Bengali (15.000) Cabardino=Cabardiano=Kabardian Ciam Occidentale=Western Cham (100) Cinese=Chinese (60.000) Coreano=Korean (70.000) Farsi Occidentale=Western Farsi (105.000) Pagina 3 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA Francese=French Indi=Hindi (120.000) Indonesiano=Indonesian (40.000) Inglese=English Italiano=Italian Linguaggio dei Segni Arabosaudita=Saudi Arabian Sign Language=SDL Somalo=Somali Tagaloga=Tagalog (700.000) Uiguro=Uighur Urdo=Urdu (380.000) Musulmani (99%) - Sunniti (85%) - Sciiti (14%) Protestanti (1%) Sistema Metrico Decimale Riale=Riyal=RIAL=SRI=SRL=SRLS in 20 Cursci=Qursh o in 100 Alala=Halala Biglietti (Agenzia Monetaria Arabosaudita): SRL 500-100-50-10-5-1 Monete: Cursci 4-2-1 – Alala 50-25-10-5-1 Targa Internazionale KSA (SA)(SZA)(SJ)(SAU) ISU … CAB 00005 BI 908000 2 Regni+3 Emirati (in 14 Province) ARABIA, dagli Arabi (arab=nomade/occidente/tramonto del sole/deserto/mercante/ radice/comprensibile/ecc., ognuno dei quali ha qualche rilevanza con l’emergere del nome); da saudita, del re Ibn Saud, che, in lingua araba significa “gruppo di stelle/pianeti”. Reddito P/C: $US 18.200 Bilancia dei Pagamenti: 2.100.000---4.000.000 $US Riserve: 9.000.000---20.300.000 $US Produzione Idrocarburi (migliaia di barili – nel 1977) - LPG 57.751 - Gasoline Aviazione 0 - Gasoline Premium 5.113 Pagina 4 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA - Gasoline Regolare 7.469 - Nafta/Nafta-NGL 49.010 - Carburante Aviogetti 2.054 - Cherosene 8.569 - Petrolio Motori Diesel 32.116 - Petrolio Pesante 98.279 - Asfalto 6.676 - Altro 117 Totale 266.974 Città principali 1.Jedda=Gedda 565.000 2.Makkah=Mecca=La Mecca 370.000 3.Ta’if 205.000 4.Madinah=Medina 200.000 5.Damman 130.000 6.Hofuf 105.000 7.Tabuk 75.000 8.Buraidah 70.000 9.Najran 50.000 10.Ha’il 50.000 Bandiera Campo Verde (colore dell’Islam e della Setta vabita=wahhabita), con scritta centrale in arabo sciada=shahada “Esiste un solo Dio, Allah, e Maometto è il suo Profeta”. Sotto la scritta, c’è una spada bianca, con la punta rivolta a sinistra (che simboleggia la vittoria di Abd al-Aziz III Ibn Saud e della setta vabita nel 1932). Le due facce della bandiera sono cucite identiche, di modo che la scritta è sempre leggibile. Nobiltà I titoli di Principe e Principessa sono portati nella Famiglia Reale e nel Clan Reale; il titolo di Principe è stato qualche volta usato per dei membri della Famiglia Al Sudairy, alleati della famiglia reale; nessuna informazione sullo status dei capi tribali e antichi sovrani (Al Rashidi). Isole Farasan Islands - Farasan (686 Kmq. – 1.000 ab.) - Sajid (156 Kmq.) - Zufaf Sanafir (33 Kmq.) Tarut=Tarout Pagina 5 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA Tiran=Tirano (80 Kmq.) ARABIA SAUDITA A REGNO DI SABA a.C. 1000-525 d.C. A PERSIA 525-632 Come CALIFFATO DI ARABIA 632-1517 Califfi 622-632 MAOMETTO=MOHAMMED=MOHAMMAD=MUHAM- MAD=MOHAMED=MOHAMAD=MUHAMAD=MUHA- MED il Profeta Rascidi=Rashidun (Califfi eletti)(632-661) 632-634 ABU BAKR 634-644 OMAR I=OMAR I=’UMAR I IBN AL-KHATTAB 644-656 UTHMAN I=OTHMAN I IBN ‘AFFAN 656-661 ALI I=’ALI I IBN ABU TALIB Haydard 661 HASAN=HASSAN (pretendente) Dinastia Omaiadi=Ommaiadi=Ummaiadi=Umaiadi= Ummayad=Ommayad (661-750) 661-680 MOAVIA’ I=MUAWIYAH I=MUWAIYA I=MUTAWI- YAH I IBN ABU SUFYAN 680-683 YAZID I=YAZID I IBN MUAWIYAH 683-684(683)(684) MOAVIA’ II=MUAWIYAH II IBN YAZID 684-685 MARVAN I=MARWAN I=MARWAN I ABIN AL- WAKAM 685-705 ABD AL-MALIK=ABD AL-MALEK IBN MARWAN 685-702 ABDALLAH IBN ZUBAYR (in opposizione) 685-687 AL-MUKHTAR (in opposizione) 705-715 WALID I=AL-WALID I IBN ABD AL-MALIK 715-717 SULAIMAN=SULAYMAN IBN ABD AL-MALIK 717-720 OMAR II=OMAR II IBN AL-AZIZ 720-724 YAZID II=YAZID II IBN ABD AL-MALIK 724-743 HISHAM=HISAM=HICHAM IBN ABD AL-MALIK 743-744 WALID II=AL-WALID II IBN YAZID IBN ABD AL- MALIK 744 YAZID III=YAZID III IBN AL-WALID IBN YAZID IBN ABD AL-MALIK 744(744-745) IBRAHIM=IBRAHIM IBN AL-WALID IBN YAZID IBN ABD AL-MALIK 744-750(745-750) MARWAN II=MARWAN II IBN MUHAMMAD IBN Pagina 6 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA MARWAN Dinastia Abbasidi (corte in Iraq)(750-1258) 750-754(749-754) ABU’L ABBAS=ABU’L ABBAS AS-SAFFAH= ABDALLAH ABU’L ABBAS=AL-SAFFAH il Sanguinario 754-775 AL-MANSUR=ABU DJAFAR(=JAFAR) ‘ABDALLAH AL-MANSUR 775-785 AL-MAHDI=MOHAMMED AL-MAHDI IBN AL-MAN- SUR 785-786 AL-HADI=MUSA AL-HADI IBN AL-MAHDI 786-809 AR-RASHID=HARUN AR-RASHID IBN AL-MAHDI 809-813 AL-AMIN=MOHAMMED AL-AMIN IBN HARUN AR- RASHID 813-817(813-833) AL-MA’MUN=AL-MAMUN=DJAFAR AL-MA’MUN IBN HARUN AR-RASHID (1°) 817-819 AL-MUBARRAK=IBRAHIM AL-MUBARRAK 819-833 AL-MA’MUN (2°) 833-842 AL-MU’TASIM=AL-MUTASIM=MOHAMMED AL- MU’TASIM IBN HARUN AR-RASHID BILLAH 839 ABBAS=’ABBAS (in ribellione) 842-847 AL-WHATIQ I=AL-WATIQ=HARUN AL-WHATIQ IBN AL-MU’TASIM BILLAH 847-861 AL-MUTAWAKKIL=MOTA AKKEL=DJAFAR AL- MUTAWAKKIL IBN AL-MU’TASIM 861-862 AL-MUNTASIR=MOHAMMED AL-MUNTASIR IBN AL-MUTAWAKKIL BILLAH 862-866 AL-MUSTA’IN=AL-MUSTAIN=AHMED AL- MUSTA’IN IBN MUHAMMAD IBN AL MU’TASIM BILLAH 866-869 AL-MU’TAZZ=AL-MUTAZZ=MOHAMMED AL- MU’TAZZ IBN AL MUTAWAKKIL 869-870 AL-MUHTADI=MOHAMMED AL-MUHTADI IBN AL-WHATIQ 870-892 AL-MU’TAMID=AL-MUTAMID=AHMED AL-MU’ TAMID IBN AL-MUTAWAKKIL 892-902 AL-MU’TADID=AL-MUTADID=AHMED AL-MU’ TADID IBN AL-MUWAFFAQ IBN AL-MUTAWAKKIL 902-908 AL-MUKTAFI=ALI AL-MUKTAFI IBN AL-MU’TADID BILLAH 908-932 AL-MUQTADIR=DJAFAR AL-MUQTADIR IBN AL- MU’TADID BILLAH 932-934 AL-QAHIR=MOHAMMED AL-QAHIR IBN AL-MU’ TADID BILLAH (+950) 934-940 AR-RADI=AHMED AR-RADI IBN AL-MUQTADIR Pagina 7 di 23 ARABIA SAUDITA BILLAH 940-944 AL-MUTTAQI=ISHAQ IBRAHIM AL-MUTTAQI IBN AL-MUQTADIR 944-946 AL-MUSTAKFI I=ABDALLAH AL-MUSTAKFI IBN AL-MUKTAFI 946-974 AL-MUTI’=AL-MUTI=AL-FADL AL-MUTI’ IBN AL- MUQTADIR 974-991 AL-TA’I=AT-TAI=ABD AL-KARIM AL-TA’I IBN AL- MUTI’ 991-1031 AL-QADIR=AHMED AL-QADIR IBN ISHAQ IBN AL- MUQTADIR 1031-1075 AL-QA’IM=AL-QAIM=ABDALLAH AL-QA’IM IBN AL-QADIR 1075-1094 AL-MUQTADI=ABDALLAH ‘UDDAT AD-DIN AL- MUQTADI IBN MUHAMMAD IBN AL-QA’IM 1094-1118 AL-MUSTAZHIR=AHMED AL-MUSTAZHIR IBN AL- MUQTADI 1118-1135 AL-MUSTARSHID=AL-FADL AL-MUSTARSHID IBN AL-MUSTAZHIR 1135-1136 AL-MANSUR AR-RASHID=AL-RASHID
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