Margherita Hack, La Signora Delle Stelle Tutto Ciò Che Non È Dimostrabile Non È Credibile

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Margherita Hack, La Signora Delle Stelle Tutto Ciò Che Non È Dimostrabile Non È Credibile Margherita Hack, la signora delle stelle Tutto ciò che non è dimostrabile non è credibile uando si è manifestata in me l’idea di par- tesi di astrofisica, frequentò l’osservatorio astronomico lare di Margherita Hack sono riemersi nel di Arcetri, dove scoprì la vera passione della sua vita: mio animo quei sentimenti di stima, di sim- l’Astrofisica. patia,Q di ammirazione che avevo acquisito nel tempo, Infatti ha dedicato tutta la sua vita alla caccia delle nel corso della sua vita. stelle, voleva scoprire in particolare quelle più insolite Quando ho saputo della sua morte mi sono dispia- e difficili da classificare, e vi si dedicò con tenacia e ciuto e rammaricato di non passione. aver avuto mai l’opportunità e Ebbe a dire “Siamo tutti il privilegio di conoscerla per- fatti della stessa materia delle sonalmente. stelle, le abbiamo sopra di noi, Resta per me una figura eppure le conosciamo così unica per la sua schiettezza poco”. che manifestava nei suoi in- Nel febbraio del 1944, sep- terventi, emergeva la sua vasta pure all’inizio riluttante per il cultura, e si esprimeva sempre suo ateismo, sposò con ceri- con cognizione di causa. monia religiosa nella Chiesa Margherita Hack ha contri- San Leonardo, in Arcetri, il let- buito in maniera significativa terario Aldo De Rosa, che fu allo sviluppo dell’Astrofisica ed suo compagno inseparabile per è stata una di quelle donne che tutta la sua vita ed erano sem- hanno fatto della Scienza una pre insieme in giro per il mon- ragione di vita, incontrando, do in occasione di eventi scien- in quanto donna, difficoltà e tifici e culturali, presso le più pregiudizi; ricordiamo che è prestigiose Università stra- stata la prima donna in Italia niere. a dirigere un Osservatorio Intraprese la carriera uni- Astronomico, e fu sempre uno versitaria, nel 1964 fu nomi- spirito libero e controcorrente. nata professore ordinario di Margherita Hack nacque a astronomia all’Università di Firenze il 12 Giugno 1922, da padre di origine svizzera Trieste fino al 1992 quando fu collocata “fuori ruolo” e di religione protestante, da madre toscana e di reli- per anzianità. gione cattolica. Fu lasciata libera di studiare ciò che È stata anche direttore del Dipartimento di Astro- desiderava. I genitori le trasmettono l’amore e il ri- nomia dell’Università di Trieste oltre ad essere membro spetto per gli animali, da qui forse la sua scelta vege- delle più prestigiose società fisiche e astronomiche. tariana che l’accompagnò per tutta la sua vita. È stata membro dell’Accademia Nazionale dei Lin- In gioventù praticò con successo l’atletica leggera cei. Ha collaborato e lavorato presso vari osservatori e fu campionessa di salto in alto e in lungo oltre a gio- europei ed americani e per tanto tempo ha fatto parte care a pallacanestro e partecipare alle adunanze fa- dei gruppi di lavoro della NASA e dell’ESA ed ottenne sciste del tempo “Littoriali” ed affermava che si era che la comunità Astronomica Italiana svolgesse la tutti fascisti e ci si diventava, ma cessò di esserlo con stessa attività utilizzando vari satelliti, raggiungendo l’entrata in vigore delle leggi razziali nel 1938, che le un livello di rinomanza internazionale. portarono via la sua professoressa di Scienze, ebrea. Negli anni ’60 viene invitata a dirigere l’Osservato- Frequentò il Liceo Classico Galileo di Firenze, ma rio Astronomico di Trieste, la prima donna a dirigere a causa dello scoppio della seconda guerra mondiale, un Osservatorio Astronomico in Italia, carica che rive- non sostenne gli esami di maturità. Si iscrisse all’Uni- stirà per quasi 30 anni. versità sempre a Firenze e si laureò nel 1945 con una In questa realtà convergono studiosi e scienziati di 40 ARCHEONISSA Osservatorio astronomico di Trieste fama internazionale, e l’osservatorio grazie a lei, da Dal 2002 è stata presidente onorario dell’Unione piccola realtà provinciale diventa un centro di eccel- degli Atei e degli Agnostici. lenza e di prestigio. Per la sua intransigenza, per la sua dirittura morale, Oltre a centinaia di pubblicazioni scientifiche, pub- era rigorosa nei giudizi e nelle contestazioni, da ap- blicò libri di divulgazione scientifica di grande successo parire a tratti spigolosa, ma aveva anche rispetto e di- e testi universitari, fondò la rivista “L ’Astronomia” e sponibilità verso gli altri, e con la sua sincerità e ge- “Le Stelle”, e ricordiamo il trattato “Stellar Spettro- nuinità si faceva gradevolmente ed amabilmente scopey” che ancora oggi viene considerato un testo ascoltare. fondamentale, oltre a “Stelle pianeti e galassie”; “L Si espresse a favore dell’Eutanasia perché dice: “La ’universo di Margherita”; “Perché le stelle non ci ca- vita e la morte appartengono all’uomo e non a Dio”. dono in testa”. Margherita Hack morì a Trieste il 29 Giugno 2013 Si è impegnata anche nel campo sociale e politico, lasciando un grande vuoto nel mondo scientifico ita- si candidò alle elezioni regionali del 2005 a Milano liano, se ne è andata una grande Astrofisica, una nella lista dei Comunisti Italiani, e poi 2006 nelle ele- grande donna; la ricorderemo per la sua passione per zioni politiche sempre nella stessa lista; venne eletta la sua tenacia che ha profuso alla ricerca delle stelle. ma per ben due volte rinunciò al seggio per continuare Conserveremo il ricordo della donna libera e co- a dedicarsi all’Astronomia. Ancora nel 2010 fu eletta raggiosa, simpatica e ribelle, energica e genuina, atea nelle elezioni regionali nel Lazio, ma anche qui cedette e vegetariana, rispettosa del prossimo e delle idee il seggio ad altri. Inoltre nel 2013 entrò a far parte del degli altri: «un personaggio»! Comitato “Emma Bonino” al fine di promuovere la candidatura come Presidente della Repubblica Ita- Nino Anzelmo liana. Da sempre, per il grande amore e rispetto per gli animali, è stata vegetariana oltre atea convintissima, non credeva in nessuna religione, o forme di sopranna- turale, inoltre riteneva che l’etica non derivasse dalla religione, ma da principi di coscienza che permettono a chiunque di avere una visione laica della vita. ARCHEONISSA 41.
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