Is Safety Really Your #1 Priority? a Deeper Dive Into Safety Culture
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Wednesday Webinar Robert Sumwalt Tom Huff Is Safety Really Your #1 Priority? A Deeper Dive Into Safety Culture E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E August 4, 2021 Major Accidents Business Jets 1 January 2021 to 3 August 2021 Date Operator Aircraft Location Phase Fatal 2 January Brazil Vida Taxi Aero Lear 31 Diamantina, Brazil Landing 0 9 January SC Transport LLC Cessna Citation V Pine Grove, OR, USA Enroute 2 18 April Sistemas de Seguridad Lear 25 Toluca, Mexico Landing 0 20 April Electric Power Co Lear 35 Bella Horizonte, Brazil Landing 1 29 May JL & CL Productions Cessna Citation I Smyrna, TN, USA Climb 7 5 July Transenergie IAI Westwind II Abaco, Bahamas Climb 2 27 July Tarco, LLC Challenger 605 Truckee, CA, USA Approach 6 E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Business Jet Major Accidents 20 2001 through 2020 15 15 5 Year Average = 9.2 14 14 13 13 14 12 10 11 9 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 5 5 2001 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E ICAO Safety Management Manual (Doc 9859 4th Ed 2018) Para 3.3 Developing a Positive Safety Culture 3.3.1 A positive safety culture has the following features: a) Managers and employees, individually and collectively, want to make decisions and take actions that promote safety; b) Individuals and groups continually critique behaviors and processes and welcome critique of others searching for opportunities to change and improve as their environment changes; c) Management and staff share a common awareness of the hazards and risks faced by the organization and its activities, and the need to manage risks; d) Individuals act and make decisions according to a common belief that safety is a part of the way they do business; e) Individuals value being informed and informing others, about safety; f) Individuals trust their colleagues and mangers with information about their experience, and the reporting of errors and mistakes is encouraged to improve how things are done in the future. E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Commitment to Safety Good: Management led Walk the talk Resources are provided (i.e. training) Oversight and governance established Bad: Management actively demonstrates profit trumps all Safety investment after accident or new regulation No safety governance or oversight E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Adaptability Good: Employee input on safety is encouraged All incidents and audit findings are actioned Organizational processes are assessed for safety impacts Bad: No input solicited on safety (from all levels of employees) Action only after incident/accident or new rule Processes/procedures are never challenged E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Awareness Good: Effective hazard ID established Investigations drive to root cause Informed about safety improvements Continuous evaluation of safety improvements Risk recognition by individual and company activities Bad: No effort on robust hazard ID Investigations stop at first viable cause No interest in safety improvements Insufficient risk awareness Safety data sitting on cutting room floor E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Safety behavior Good: Employees are self-motivated to act safely Monitoring of safe behavior is continuous Intentional unsafe behavior not tolerated Working conditions enable safety Bad: No consequence for unsafe behavior Adverse work-arounds are tolerated No active monitoring Criticism on safety performance is discouraged E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Information Good: Open and Just reporting environment Timely safety information that shape better decisions Management regularly check info flow and action Sharing of lessons learned Bad: Blaming response to any adverse info Withholding safety related info No or ineffective info monitoring/action No knowledge transfer E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Positive Safety Culture: Enablers/Disablers Trust Good: Distinction between acceptable and unacceptable behavior Occurrences are investigated by taxonomy (org factors) Rewarding for safety performance Willingness to report events Bad: No demarcation between violation and error Punishment for human errors Incidents for on individual factors only No highlighting good safety action/performance E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E Presentation by Patrick Hudson of Leiden University to Safety Culture Indicators Bristow Safety Conference, Lagos Nigeria, Feb 2011 Chronic unease GENERATIVE Safety seen as a profit centre New ideas are welcomed Resources are available to fix things before an accident PROACTIVE Management is open but still obsessed with statistics Procedures are “owned” by the workforce We cracked it! CALCULATIVE Lots and lots of audits EHS advisers chasing statistics We are serious, but why don’t they do what they’re told? REACTIVE Endless discussions to re-classify accidents Safety is high on the agenda after an accident The lawyers said it was OK PATHOLOGICAL Of course we have accidents, it’s a dangerous business Sack the idiot who had the accident E L E V A T I N G S A F E T Y & S E C U R I T Y W O R L D W I D E.