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2000. Report Of i CONTENTS List of participants ...................................................................................................................... iii Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... vii Use of JMPR Reports and evaluations by registration authorities .................................................... xi Report of the 2000 JMPR FAO/WHO Meeting of Experts............................................................. 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. General Considerations ............................................................................................................ 3 2.1. Progress on estimation of acute dietary intake: International estimates of short-term dietary intake.................................................................................. 3 2.2 Relevance of food processing questionnaires for JMPR evaluations................................ 3 2.3. Measures to be taken when estimated dietary intake exceeds the ADI ........................... 4 2.4 Feasibility of establishing maximum residue limits for genetically modified crops and for residue of metabolites................................................. 6 2.5 Minimum data required for establishing maximum residue limits, including import tolerances ......................................................................................... 6 2.6 Periodic review of data on residues of compounds currently being re-registered nationally ............................................................................................... 7 2.7 Maintaining the independence of the JMPR decision-making process ............................ 7 2.8 Information required for Good Agricultural Practice ..................................................... 9 2.9 Harmonisation between JECFA and JMPR................................................................. 10 2.10 Establishment of acute reference doses....................................................................... 10 2.11 Summaries of critical end-points ................................................................................ 11 3. Dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues in food ................................................................ 14 4. Evaluation of data for establishing values for the acute dietary intake of humans, maximum residue levels, supervised trials median residue levels and daily intakes .................... 18 4.1 Abamactin (R)......................................................................................................... 18 4.2 Captan (R,D) ** ....................................................................................................... 19 4.3 Carbaryl (T) ............................................................................................................. 31 4.4 Chlormequat (R,D) .................................................................................................. 31 4.5 Chlorpropham (T)* .................................................................................................. 40 4.6 Chlorpyrifos (R,D) ** .............................................................................................. 45 4.7 DDT (T, R, D)......................................................................................................... 59 4.8 Deltamethrin (T,D) **............................................................................................... 64 4.9 Dinocap (T,D) .......................................................................................................... 67 4.10 Dodine (T,D) ** ....................................................................................................... 68 ___________________________ * New compound ** Evaluated within the periodic review programme of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues 1T, Toxicological evaluation; R, residue and analytical aspects; D, dietary risk assessment ii 4.11 Fenitrothion (T, D) ** ............................................................................................... 72 4.12 Fenthion (R,D).......................................................................................................... 77 4.13 Fipronil (T)............................................................................................................... 78 4.14 Imazalil (T,D) ** ...................................................................................................... 82 4.15 Malathion (R,D)....................................................................................................... 86 4.16 Mevinphos (R).......................................................................................................... 87 4.17 Parathion (R,D) ** .................................................................................................... 88 4.18 Parathion-methyl (R,D) **......................................................................................... 97 4.19 Pyrethrins (R,D) **..................................................................................................107 4.20 Pyriproxyfen (R,D) ..................................................................................................116 4.21 Thiabendazole (R,D)................................................................................................117 4.22 Thiodicarb (T,D)..................................................................................................... 123 5. Recommendations ..................................................................................................................151 6. Future work .....................................................................................................................152 Annexes ........................................................................................................................... 133 Annex 1. Acute dietary intakes, acute reference doses, recommended maximum residue limits, and supervised trials median residue levels recorded by the 2000 Meeting..................................................................................154 Annex 2. Index of reports and evaluations of pesticides by the Joint Meeting Meeting on Pesticide Residues..............................................................164 Annex 3. Dietary intakes of pesticides in relation to acute daily intakes..................173 Annex 4. Estimates of acute dietary intake............................................................189 Annex 5. Proposed test guidelines for studies with single oral doses (for use in establishing acute reference doses for chemical residues in food and drinking-water .....................................................................................207 Annex 6. Reports and other documents resulting from previous Joint Meetings of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the environment and WHO Expert Groups on Pesticide Residues ................216 Annex 7. Corrections to the report of the 1999 Meeting .......................................221 iii List of participants 2000 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues Geneva, 20–29 September 2000 WHO Members Professor A.R. Boobis, Section on Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom Professor J.F. Borzelleca, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, (H) 8718 September Drive, Richmond, VA 23229-7319, USA Dr P. Fenner-Crisp, Senior Science Advisor to the Director, Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW, 20460 Washington DC, USA Dr H. Hakansson, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Division of Risk Assessment and Organohalogen Pollutants, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden Professor J. Hajslova, Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Technickà 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic Dr A. Moretto, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Università di Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy (Chairman) Professor S.A. Soliman, Department of Pesticide Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21545, Egypt Dr B.G. Priestly, Scientific Director, Chemicals & Non-Prescription Medicines Branch, Therapeutic Goods Administration, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, PO Box 100, Woden, ACT 2606, Australia (Rapporteur) FAO Members Dr Ursula Banasiak, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Stahnsdorfer Damm 81, 14532 Kleinmachnow, Germany Dr Susan May F. Calumpang, National Crop Protection Center, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Dr Eloisa Dutra Caldas, University of Brasilia, College of Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Campus Universitàrio Darci Ribeiro, 70919-970 Brasília/DF, Brazil (Rapporteur) Dr Stephen Funk, Health Effects Division (7509C), US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington DC 20460, USA Mr D.J. Hamilton, Principal Scientific Officer, Animal & Plant Health Service, Floor 3PIB, Department of Primary Industries, PO Box 46,
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