* THE AFRICA BUREAU

‘TATe G allery 0701

65 Denison House, Vauxhall Bridge Road, S. 17.1, Secretary: Miss mary benson EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE LORD HEMINGFORD. LADY PAKENHAM, RT. HON. A. CREECH JONES, M.P.. Rev. T. Huddleston, C.R., mr. philip fothergill. rev. michael s c o t t , Mr. peter Lake.

A Hew Publication

THE AFRICAN WORKER IN SOUTH AFRICA

A Study of Trade Unionism By Alex Hepple, M.P.

Have You Ever Thought What It Is Like To Be An

African Worker In An Apartheid State?_____

This publication reviews the position of African workers in the Union of South Africa and their struggle for elementary rights against overwhelming obstacles.

The Author, Mr. Alex Hepple M.P., leader of the Labour Party in the South African Parliament, has become known as Father Hepplestone for his courageous stand on behalf of non-Europeans in the South African Parliament. In his Foreword he says: "The Nationalist Government of the country, which looks like being in power for a long time to come, treats African trade unions as a threat to White civilisation; it is there­ fore determined to prevent African workers from organising. The official Parliamentary Opposition, the United Party, is also opposed to statutory recognition of African trade unions.

"In the circumstances, there is little likelihood of any South African government encouraging or approving the development of trade unionism among African workers. This is a disturbing thought in these days, when we hear so much about the virtues of 'White* civilisation. Trade unionism has become an essential part of civilised society; if the doors to trade unionism are closed to African workers, the consequences w ill be dangerous. In opposing African trade unionism, the so-called defenders of 'White' civilisation are in fact preparing for their own destruction...

"I believe the question of organising African workers to be of major importance. It would be a tragedy if the Africans could find no support amongst the Whites in their efforts to build their unions."

Mr. James Crawford, General Secretary of the National Union of Boot and Shoe Operatives in the U.X., has said that "the record of Alex Hepple in South Africa is one which should cause every thinking person to digest carefully what he w rites."

31st July, 1956. P rice 2s. (Postage 2d.) 1 C F T U INTERNATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF FREE TRADE UNIONS C 1 S L CONFEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DES SYNDICATS LIBRES 1 B F G INTERNATIONALER BUND FREIER GEWERKSCHAFTEN C 1 0 S L CONFEDERACION INTERNACIONAL DE ORGANIZACIONES SINDICALES LIBRES

3 7 - 47, rue Montague aux Herbes Potageres, Bruxelles 1 — Belgique

President - President OD/pv - 2392 Brussels, 2 April President - Presidente 1965 Arne GEIJER Mis, Alex Hepple General Secretary - Secretaire general lib, St, Margaret*s Square Generalsekretar - Secretario General CAMBRIDGE Omer BECU England

Dear Mr, Hepple,

I regret that I have not replied to your letter of 25 February before now. This is partly due to the pressure of work at the office, but also because I have been hoping to come over to London to meet you for some time but did not know precisely when I would be there. I shall now be in London on 13 and 14 April, I shall probably not be free until the evening of the 1 3 th and I also have an appointment on the morning of the 14th, May I therefore propose that we meet for lunch on 14th April at any place that would be convenient for you.

Tel.: 17.80.85 Telegr. : INTERCONFED. BRUXELLES lib, St. Margaret's Square, CAMBRIDGE, England.

5th. April 1965.

Mr. P. H. de Jonge, o/o International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, 37-47, rue Hontagne aux Herbes Potag&res, BRUSSELS, 1 Belgium.

Dear Mr. de Jonge,

Thank you for your letter of the 2nd. April. As I will be going up to London specially to meet you, we can meet anywhere you like.

I suggest that when making your arrangements for Wednesday, the 14th. April , you reserve a table for us at a restaurant to suit your convenience and I can meet you there. If you are not able to let me know where it will be before you get to London, then write and let me have an address where I can contact you at about 11 or 12 o'clock on the morning of the 14th.

I am very much looking forward to meeting you again.

Yours sincerely,

ALEX. HEPPLE The Race War: The World-wide Conflict of Races, Ronald Segal Pelican 7s 6d. & The editor ofthe Penguin African Library makes a new appraisal ot the tensions which are inevitable in a world in which there is a grim equation between colour and poverty. Reviewing this book, Conor Cruise O’Brien particularly noted Ronald Segal’s capacity for seeing things in a perspective other than habitual to the Western European and American middle classes’.

Verwoerd, Alexander Hepple, Pelican 6s. A new addition to the series, ‘Political Leaders of the Twentieth Century’, in which Alexander Werth’s De Gaulle (6s) and Stuart Schram’s Mao Tse-tung (7s 6d) have had outstanding success Now a former leader of the South African Labour Party exam­ ines the man who, prior to his assassination in 1966, rigorously stamped the policy of separate racial development on to South Africa. OVERSEAS DEPARTMENT Secretary: David Ennals

Overseas Sub-committee (1963-64): Mr. W. E. Padley, M.P. (Chairman), Miss A. Bacon, M.P., Mr. A. W. Benn, M.P., Mr. G. Brown, M.P., Mr. L. J. Callaghan, M.P., Mrs. B. Castle, M.P., Mr. R. H. S. Crossman, M.P., Mr. D. H. Davies, Mr. T . Driberg, M.P., Mr. J. Gormley, Mr. Anthony Greenwood, M.P., Mr. R. J. Gunter, M.P., Miss M. Herbison, M.P., Mr. A. V. Hilton, M.P., Miss J. Lee, M.P., Mr. D. McGarvey, Mr. I. Mikardo, Mr. F. W. Mulley, M.P., Mr. H. R. Nicholas, Mr. W. H. Rathbone, Mr. A. M. Skeffington, M.P., Mrs. E. White, M.P., Mr. H. Wilson, M.P., and Mr. R. Willis (representing the Trades Union Congress). SUB-COMMITTEES AND REPRESENTATIVES Joint Committee on Disarmament: The Joint Committee on Disarmament, established by the National Executive Committee and the Parliamentary Committee to follow the Disarmament negotiations at the Geneva Conference, has met from time to time. In January the committee prepared a statement making a series of proposals to break the deadlock in the disarmament negotiations, and this was presented to the Foreign Office by the chairman, Mr. P. Gordon Walker, M.P. The members of the committee are as follows: Mr. P. Gordon Walker, M.P. (Chairman), Professor P. M. S. Blackett, Mr. G. Brown, M.P., Mrs. B. Castle, M.P., Mr. T. Driberg, M.P., Mr. D. Healey, M.P., Mr. A. Henderson, M.P., Mr. F. W. Mulley, M.P., Mr. R. Nield, Mr. P. Noel Baker, M.P., Mr. R. Prentice, M.P., Mr. Wayland Young and Mr. D. Ennals (Secretary). Socialist International: The National Executive Committee’s representatives on the Bureau of the Socialist International during the year have been: Mr. Harold Wilson, M.P., Mr. George Brown, M.P., Mr. W. E. Padley, M.P., and Mr. D. Ennals. International Council of Social Democratic Women: The member of the Working Committee of the International Council of Social Democratic Women has been Mrs. C. Kay. British Overseas Socialist Fellowship: Miss J. Lee, M.P., and Mr. A. M. Skeffington, M.P . have served as representatives on the Council of the British Overseas Socialist Fellowship. DELEGATIONS In the past 12 months representatives of the National Executive Committee were appointed to attend international conferences and other gatherings as follows: 1. Socialist International— Council Congress: Brussels, 2-4 September, 1964; Mr. T. Driberg, M.P., Mr. Anthony Greenwood, M.P., Mr. W. E. Padley, M.P., Mr. F. W. Mulley, M.P., Miss J. Lee, M.P. 2. Socialist International— Centenary Congress: Brussels, 5-6 September, 1964; Lord Attlee, Mr. S. Watson, Mr. Anthony Greenwood, M.P., Mr. W. E. Padley, M.P., Mr. T. Driberg, M.P., Miss J. Lee, M.P., Mrs. M. Miller, Mr. F. Mulley, M.P., Miss M. Sutherland and Mr. A. L. Williams. 3. Italian Socialist Party—Congress: 25-29 October, 1963; Mr. L. J. Callaghan, M.P., accompanied by Mr. J. Clark. 4. Delegation to Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia: 2-14 January, 1964; Mrs. B. Castle, M.P., Miss J. Lee, M.P., Mr. W. H. Rathbone, accompanied by Mr. J. Clark. 5. Austrian Socialist Party—75th Anniversary Rally: Vienna, 12 February, 1964; Mr. Anthony Greenwood, M.P. 6. Scandinavia: 8-12 June, 1964; Mr. Anthony Greenwood, M.P., attended the 22nd Con­ gress of the Swedish Social Democratic Party in Stockholm and also visited Norway and Denmark.

Other overseas delegations have been as follows: 7. Council of Europe: Strasbourg, September, 1963, January, April, and June, 1964; Mr. J. Clark accompanied the Parliamentary Labour Party delegation. 8. Western European Union: Paris, December, 1963, and Rome, June, 1964; Mr. J. Clark accompanied the Parliamentary Labour Party delegations. 9. N.A.T.O. Parliamentarians' Conference: Paris, November, 1963; Mr. J. Clark accom­ panied the Parliamentary Labour Party delegation. 10. Mr. D. Ennals accompanied Mr. Harold Wilson, M.P., on his visit to Canada and the U.S.A., 27 February to 6 March, 1964. [ 32 ] Mr. Brown also addressed a Rally on the Friday evening. Conference received reports of two weekend schools organised for Young Socialists during the year, and of three delegate conferences and four demonstrations. A report was also received on trade union liaison meetings held in North and South Wales, when discussions took place on ways and means of assisting the Labour Party. Much help has been offered by the trade union movement and this has been accepted. Many constituency Parties have already benefited from such help. Details were given of the N.A.L.S.O. canvassing team’s work during the summer vacation in Monmouth, Cardiff South-East, Cardiff West, Swansea West, Merioneth and Conway. The affiliated and trade union membership for the year was 428,200 and individual member­ ship, 41,895. The Officers appointed for the ensuing year are: Chairman: Mrs. K. Hopkins; Vice- Chairman and Treasurer: Mr. R. C. Mathias; Secretary: Mr. Cliff Prothero. Copies of the Annual Report, giving full particulars of the work of the Welsh Council of Labour, may be obtained from the Welsh Council Office, Transport House, 42 Charles Street, Cardiff. (Price Is. 6d.)

[ 31 ] 11. Mr. D. Ennals accompanied Mr. Harold Wilson, M.P., and Mr. P. C. Gordon Walker, M.P., on their visit to Eastern Europe (Poland, U.S.S.R. and Rumania), May-June, 1964. 12. Mrs. B. Castle, M.P., represented the Labour Party on the Socialist International working group on the Common Market and the developing countries which met in Bergneustadt, Germany, 3-4 December, 1963.

VISITORS Group Interviews: Many foreign students, journalists and visitors from other countries who visited Britain under the auspices of the Foreign Office, the Central Office of Information, the British Council and other organisations were received and given information about the Labour Party. Visits: Delegations and visitors from the following countries have been received at Transport House during the year: Aden, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Basutoland, Bechuanaland, Belgium, Brazil, British Guiana, Burma, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Netherlands, Nigeria, Northern Rhodesia, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Spain, Swaziland, Sweden, Tanganyika, Thailand, Turkey, Venezuela, U.S.A., Yugoslavia.

PUBLICATIONS, RESEARCH AND LIAISON The department has assisted the Parliamentary Labour Party by providing information in connection with debates on foreign and Commonwealth affairs and defence in the House of Commons and the House of Lords, and has serviced the Foreign Affairs, Commonwealth and Colonies and Defence Groups of the Parliamentary Labour Party. Reports and background documents have been provided for Members of Parliament and Party speakers. The department contributed to the sections of This Week and Talking Points dealing with foreign and Common­ wealth affairs and defence. Commonwealth—A Socialist Review has been issued quarterly to Labour and Socialist Parties affiliated to the Commonwealth Socialist Association, to members of the National Executive Committee, to members of the Parliamentary Commonwealth and Colonies Group, and to subscribers throughout the world. Numerous queries on external affairs from Party members and correspondents abroad were dealt with and there has been a continuing exchange of correspondence with member parties of the Socialist International and other organisations and groups overseas.

BRITISH OVERSEAS SOCIALIST FELLOWSHIP During the year the officers and committee of the British Overseas Socialist Fellowship have been as follows: President: Earl Attlee; Chairman: Mr. Fenner Brockway, M.P.; Vice- Chairmen: Dr. David Pitt, Mr. David Ennals; Treasurer: Dr. S. Levenberg; Secretary: Mr. John Lyttle; Council Members: Mr. H. Alavi, Mr. B. Bagnari, Mr. I. Campbell, Mr. T. Francis, Mr. A. M. Gadgil, Miss J. Hymans, Mr. J. A. D. Olopade, Mr. J. Papworth, Mr. R. G. Prabhaker, Mr. A. Scerri, Mr. A. Williams. Miss J. Lee, M.P., and Mr. A. M. Skeffington, M.P., have represented the National Executive Committee. Nine scholarships were provided for overseas workers and students to attend Labour Party Summer Schools, the successful candidates coming from Bechuanaland, Denmark, Congo, Nigeria, Portugal, Spain, Tanganyika and Trinidad. Scholarships were awarded to three applicants coming from Bechuanaland and Northern Rhodesia for the Young Socialists’ Rally. In addition a scholarship was provided to enable an Indian student to attend the I.U.S.Y. Conference in Oslo. B.O.S.F. co-operated fully with the Overseas Department in arrangements for providing hospitality for overseas visitors to the Labour Party conference at Scarborough. Much of the year’s efforts were concentrated on work concerning the integration of Common­ wealth immigrants, but other activities have been continued. Very successful receptions for overseas students were held in the House of Commons in July and December. In each case some 150 overseas students took part, meeting Labour M.P.s and others. Brains Trusts of Labour M.P.s followed each reception. A number of members’ meetings were organised in London including a series on ‘Socialism and Africa.’ lpr—B [ 33 ] *

SPANISH DEMOCRATS DEFENCE COMMITTEE The officers of the Spanish Democrats Defence Committee are: Chairman: Mr. W. E. Padley, M.P.; Treasurer: Mr. S. Watson. The Committee includes Mr. P. Benenson, Mr. H. J. Delargy, M.P., Mr. A. W. Benn, M.P., Mr. Elwyn Jones, M.P., Mr. R. Edwards, M.P., Mr. F. Noel-Baker, M.P., Mr. E. Davies, Mr. G. Jeger, M.P., Mr. A. Bottomley, M.P., Dr. H. King, M.P., Dr. J. D. Mabon, M.P., and observers from Spanish exile organisations in Britain. The Joint Secretaries are Mr. D. Ennals and Mr. J. Clark. Earl Attlee and Mr. J. Griffiths, M.P., are Patrons of the Fund. The aims of the committee are to gain the maximum publicity for the situation in Spain, to urge organisations and individuals in this country to protest against it, and to raise funds to assist Socialists and trade unionists and such other victims of political oppression in Spain as the committee may decide. Contributions are made towards the costs of the defence when trials are held and to assist the families of the defendants. The committee has met several times during the year and has approved the allocation of funds to ensure the presence of observers at political trials in Madrid and to assist the dependants of political prisoners.

HOME AND OVERSEAS HOSTELS SOCIETY LIMITED The Home and Overseas Hostels Society again provided accommodation for about 25 permanent residents during 1963-64. Of these, rather more than half were Socialist students from India, Pakistan and Africa, and the remainder were young workers from Britain and abroad. Numerous visitors from overseas Socialist youth movements made use of the Society’s premises during the holiday periods.

THE SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL Meetings The Council conference of the Socialist International will be held in Brussels from 2-4 September, 1964. The Centenary Congress will be held in Brussels on 5-6 September, 1964. The Bureau met in November, 1963, and in February, May and August, 1964. A meeting of leaders of Socialist Parties was held in London on 12 April, 1964, under the chairmanship of Mr. Harold Wilson, M.P. The Contact Committee on relations between E.E.C. and E.F.T.A. meets in Brussels on 31 August.

Activities Following the Congress in Amsterdam in September, 1963, the resolutions were widely distributed in English, French, German and Spanish. Contacts with popular democratic parties in Latin America have been strengthened following the Socialist International Mission to Latin America in 1963 and the attendance of several Latin American delegates and observers at the Congress in Amsterdam in September, 1963. The Secretary of the Socialist International, Albert Carthy, also paid a visit to several Latin American countries. As a result of these contacts the National Liberation Party of Costa Rica has now applied for observer membership and other parties, including Accion Democratica of Venezuela, have the matter under review. The Standing Committee on Developing Areas has been active throughout the year. Working groups have been preparing reports on ‘International Economic Planning,’ ‘The Common Market and the Developing Areas,’ and ‘Agricultural Development’ and these reports will be considered by an experts’ conference at Bergneustadt from 11-15 October, 1964. The Standing Committee is also providing libraries of Socialist literature for parties in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The Socialist International has continued to support the Malta Labour Party and the Aden People’s Socialist Party in their struggles. Contact has been maintained with Socialist groups in many other parts of the world. The Bureau and member parties have also maintained close touch with the P.S.O.E. (Spanish Socialist Party in Exile) and a great deal of assistance has been given by member parties both by representation at trials and financial backing. Close relations have been maintained with the International Union of Socialist Youth, the International Council of Social Democratic Women, the International Union of Social Demo- [ 34 ] .e >

cratic Teachers, the International Federation of the Sociahst and Democratic Press, the Socialist group of the European Parliamentary Assemblies, and the Socialist Union of Central-Eastern Europe. The Centenary Congress is being held in Brussels on 5-6 September, 1964. Member parties co-operated with the Belgian Party in planning the Exhibition, the Ceremonial Congress and the Public Demonstration. Rank and file delegations are attending from all over the world. The year 1963-64 saw the death of the Chairman of the Socialist International, Erich Ollenauer, who was also the Chairman of the German Social Democratic Party. Since his death, Mr. Harold Wilson, M.P., has served as acting chairman.

Publications In 1964 Socialist International Information, formerly a mimeographed publication, has appeared fortnightly in printed format. It is, together with the monthly bulletin of the Inter­ national Council of Social Democratic Women, available from the Secretary of the International, 88a St. John’s Wood High Street, London, N.W.8.

[ 35 ]

a ALEX. HEPPLE, 6, Vale Rise, Phone: 3PE 5064 / Holders Green,

London,, v H w K. 11

I 26th. November 1965.

| / | The Hon. J. Griffiths, II. P . , House of Commons, f v /estminister, LONDON, V. 1.

hear Jim,

It is several years since we last met but you probably will remember me. I was the leader of the Labour Party in the Louth African Parliament(until we \#ere eliminated by the white electorate)and we had several talks when I visited England.

h I am now living in London at the above address had I would like an oo■ ortunity to see you sometime at jjrour convenience as I would like you to put me in touch yith the right people in the Labour Party who might be interested in using my first-hand knowledge of the Louth African situation. / I would he glad to hear from you.

Yours sincerely,

ALEX, HEPPLE.

\ !/ ■

t.N TRANSPORT HOUSE SMITH SQUARE LONDON SW I TELEPHONE: VICTORIA 9434 TELEGRAMS: LABREPCOM SO WEST LONDON THE LABOUR PARTY GENERAL SECRETARY: A L WILLIAMS HON. TREASURER: H R NICHOLAS OBE NATIONAL AGENT: SARA E BARKER

GrC/S JW

Mr.Alec Hepple, 6,Vale Rise, Golders Green, S.W.ll. 1st March,1966.

Dear Alec,

I have not forgotten the question of your address to the Commwealth Group of the Parliamentary Labour Party about policy towards South Africa.

The Group* s programme was well filled up in recent weeks and I am afrai^ that with the election coming off I suggest tba4 we*'"'postpone the engage­ ment until April. I have made a note of the meeting for that month and will get in touch wfth you then. Yours sincerely,

George Cunningham, Commonwealth Officer, Overseas Department. d-de

ALEX. HEPPLE,

SPE 5064 6» Vale Rise, * Solders Green, London, N. W* 11

6th, April 1966

My Dear Jim, The news this morning t at you are relinquishing the post of Secretary of State for Wales prompts me to write to let you know that while we realise that you could not carry on in top gear forever, the event leaves us with some sadness.

Me of the South African Labour Party are ever grateful for your constant interest in our problems. We have always been comforted in the knowledge that we could depend upon your sympathetic ear while we were struggling through difficult times. I ought to add that the chairman of the S, A, Labour Party, Mrs. Jessie IlacPherson has frequently expressed her appreciation of the fact that, no matter how buoy you were, you never failed to respond to her letters.

Mrs. Hepple and I remember with affection your warm welcome on our first visit to England in 1954 and how you went out of your way to see that we were looked after.

Our wish now is that by taking things easier, you will be able to give the Labour movement the benefit* of your wisdom and experience for many years to come.

Yours ever,

The Hon, J. Griffiths, M, P •» 32, Combemartin Road, LQ1TD0H. S. W, 18 ~ ^lousie of Commons:,

b o n b o n ,

5

PtfT~.— P&ZtC? TRANSPORT HOUSE SMITH SQUARE LONDON SW I TELEPHONE: VICTORIA 9434 TELEGRAMS: LABREPCOM LONDON SWI T H E LABOUR PARTY GENERAL SECRETARY: A L WILLIAMS HON. TREASURER: H R NICHOLAS OBE NATIONAL AGENT: SARA E BARKER

GC/SJW

Mr. Alex Hepple, 6, Vale Rise, Golders Green, N.W.ll.

4th February,1966.

Dear Mr.Hepple,

Many thanks for your letter of the 31st January and the article for Commonwealth Review. I shall certainly include it in the next number.

I am getting on with the job of arranging a meeting between you and Menbers of Parliament,

Yours sincerely

George Cunningham, Commonwealth Officer, Overseas Section. ALEX. HEPPLE,

’Phone* SPE 5064 6, Vale Else, Goldero Green, London, H. W, 11

51st. January 1966

Mr, George Ounningh&ui, Overseas Dept., The Labour Party, Transport House, Smith Square, LONDON, g. W. 1

Dear Mr. Cunningham, Herewith the article for the Socialist Review. I hope you will like it. With regard to the meeting you are arranging with the groiip of M. P.s, perhaps you would like to tell them something about me in advance* Here are a few facts:

Member of the South African Parliament 1948-1958 (Leader of the Party 1955 onwards) Member of the Transvaal Provincial Council Chairman of the Treason Trials Defence Fund throughout its existence} Chairman of the South African Defence & Aid Fund from its establishment in 196® to the end of 1964* Editor of the Labour newspaper "Forward”.

In addition to the above 1 was actively engaged in assisting non-white trade unions and have written pamphlet and short books for workers*

Kind regards,

Yours sincerely, TRANSPORT HOUSE SMITH SQUARE LONDON SW I TELEPHONE: VICTORIA 9434 TELEGRAMS: LABREPCOM SOWEST LONDON

THE LABOUR PARTY GENERAL SECRETARY: A L WILLIAMS HON. TREASURER: H R NICHOLAS OBE NATIONAL AGENT: SARA E BARKER

GC/SOJ. 22nd December, 1965#

Mr Alex Hepple, 6 Vale Rise, London, N.W.11 .

Dear Mr Hepple,

Jim Griffiths reminded me the other day that you were permanently living in this country now and suggested that we ought to keep in close touch with you - a very sensible idea.

We met, I think, at a party at Barbara Castle’s a long time ago. When next you are in the centre of London and have some time to spare, would you like to pop in to Transport House?

Yours sincereljr,

George Cunningham Commonwealth Officer Overseas Department ALEX. HEPPLE

6, Vale Rise, Golaers Green, PE 5064 London, N. W. 11

1st. April 1966

Hr. George Cunningham, Commonwealth Officer, Overseas I)ept., The Labour Party, LOEDON, S. W. T

Dear Mr, Cunningham,

In view of the banning of the South African Defence and Aid Eund, of which I was chairman for four years, I thought it might be advisable to make a statement setting out the facts, for the benefit of the Labour Party, which made several large contributions to the Fund.

I therefore enclose a letter addressed to Mr. Williams and would be pleased if you will hand it over to him.

Congratulations on our great victory. My guess was a majority of 80, inspired more by hope than judgment, how­ ever. I hope it will now be possible for the Party to tackle Rhodesia and South Africa with zest and determination.

Kind regards,

Yours sincerely,

ALEX. HEPPLE. The Royal Commonwealth Society

NORTHUMBERLAND AVENUE, LONDON, W C 2

Telephon e: WHItehall 6 7 3 3 Telegraphic Address: RECITAL, LONDON, WC2

17th April, 1967

A. 3. H. Kemp, O.B.E. Secretary-General.

A. Hepple, Esq., 17 Belmont Court, Finchley Road, LONDON, N. W. 11.

Dear Mr. Hepple,

I am directed by the Central Council to inform you

that at the meeting held on the 13th April, 1 9 6 7 , you

were elected a Fellow of the Royal Commonwealth Society.

Yours sincerely

Membership Secretary for Secretary-General CPenguin “Books

HARMONDSWORTH ■ MIDDLESEX SKYPORT 1984

4 October 1967

Dear Mr Hepple,

Thank you very much indeed for having signed and returned my copy of VERWOERD.

I am very glad to be able to add this to my library.

Yours sincerely

Alexander Hepple Esq 17 B elm on t Court Finchley Road London NW11

A L / map I

Portrait of A Nazi Verwoerd, by Alexander Hepple (Pelican Books, London, 6s.). If Verwoerd’s talents were greet, they were put to a wretched cause___For South Africa’s African, Coloured and Indian population, his rigid white supremacist beliefs were merely a variation of Fascism, clothed in fine phrases and altruistic pretensions, with the ornaments of a parliamentary democracy.

T h is q u o t a t io n is an example of th e discernment and precision of this study. Alex Hepple pares away the philosophical, religious, racial and other myths which surround the concept of Apa^heid, and expose# the ugly kernel—the maintenance, at all costs, of economic privilege by a minority group. In fact, his study of Verwoerd and the political party of which he became the supreme leader, is almost a textbook illustration of the Marxist interpretation of history; the maintenance of economic privilege through the exploitation of the masses with j intensified oppression to counteract every move for freedom made by the people. In 1924 Verwoerd became a Doctor of Philosophy at a German University, having submitted a thesis on The Blunting of the Emotions | —a significant subject. His knowledge of psychology enabled him to play so successfully upon the emotions of white South Africans that, by the time of his assassination inM 966, he had become the acknow­ ledged leader of most of the white population, English as well as Afrikaans speaking. He had won over many thousands who had bitterly opposed him in the 1940s and the 1950s. He'assuaged their guilt and | blunted their compassion. He convinced then* not only that South Africa is theirs by inherent right, but also that they are right and the entire world wrong about Apartheid. He won their support of this 'variation of Fascism' which is, in effect, an intricately worked-out system of exploitation and degradation of the non-whites which has no parallel other than with Nazi Germany. 62 *

Hk 'altruistic pretensions' are demonstrated in the travesty of the ‘independent homeland’ for the African people of the Transkei, the first Bantuatan, the showpiece of Apartheid; a poverty-stricken over- populated, under-developed land, ruled by the white Parliament in Cape Town. Verwoerd and his small group of fanatics would not have succeeded in rapturing South Africa, had they not recognised the need to obtain economic power. Alex Hepple traces in detail the far-seeing, long­ term planning of the secret Broederbond, the organisation which brought the Nationalist Party and Verwoerd to power. It was formed in 1919 out of a deep conviction that the Afrikaner nation was put in this land by God and is destined to continue in existence as a nation with its own nature and calling. Verwoerd was one of the seven members of the Inner Executive, which made the decisions and directed the activities of the movement. The Breeders condemned ‘British-Jewish’ capitalism and set out to win economic independence for the Afrikaans people. By 1964 they had succeeded in increasing the Afrikaner share in commerce from 8 to 28 per cent, and had also gamed complete control of the South African political machine. It is understandable that the cry of salvation of Afrikaners by Afrikaners had an immense impact during the economic depression of the 1930s, when the majority of white unemployed were Afrikaans. During World War II and in the immediate post-war period, when there was an economic boom and the Afrikaners were being rapidly industrialised and urbanised and when liberal ideas were freely bandied about, the appeal to blood and race feelings was less acceptable. But, as Alex Hepple points out, Verwoerd never lost faith in the achievement of a white supremacist Christian-National Republic and he was largely responsible for holding together and strengthening his Party, throughout the years of his trenchant editorship of Die Transvaier, when he openly supported the Nazis, and as an incredibly hardworking campaigner on behalf of the Nationalist Party. He was to die in 1966 at the hands of a madman, but his successor, Balthazar Johannes Vorster, has assured South Africa that he will not depart from Verwoerd’s effective measures for tSfc- maintenance of white domination. What of the future? Alex Hepple writes: The eager body of dedicated Nationalists who ha^ accepted proudly Verwoerd’s heritage of uncompromising dedication to separate develop­ ment, have climbed on the back of a tiger. . . . 63 r «

1 heir only consolation is that the white oligarchy of South Africa will remain secure, for the present at least, because of the reluctance of Britain, the United States, and other powers to give practical support to action by the UN which might damage their investment in and trade with South Africa. VVith understandable realism the Nationalist leaders are using this breathing space to build up the country's military strength in prepara­ tion for the final, tragic act of suicidal defiance—the ultimate heritage of Verwoerd. Their time is running out. The final act began on August 13—the battle has been joined.

The Apartheid Economy The Political Economy o f South Africa, by Ralph Horwitz (Weidenfeld and Nicclson, London, 1967, 63s.).

In five h u n d r e d pages of main text and notes, the author of this voluminous book fails to throw any new light on the South African economy. The book is an economist's economic history of South Africa. It deals, as it must, with the relationship between the subjective and the objective—between the politics of racism and the development of capitalism in South Africa. In all those pages there are facts. Fact falls upon fact with such insistence that we would think the author drew his inspiration from the hard-headed schoolmaster of Charles Dickens’ Hard Times. There are facts on the so-called political economy of land, food, labour transport. The book also deals with the ‘poor white problem-, trade unionism and other matters which South African economic historians have traditionally considered to be leading issues. All this is done rather thoroughly—which is admirable. The book however fails to live up to its title, or rather, misleads by its title. In the introduction, the author writes: The distinctive character (of the S.A. economy) arises from the ethos of the political factor with its peculiar dynamism and imperatives, and the special interest from the empirical evidence which the growth of the South African economy from a stagnant society to an adolescent maturity provides for economic development theory (p! t). What the author however manages to do is to write about the economics of apartheid. The facts, so diligently dug up, fall into the traditional traps and caverns set up by the bourgeois economist. In the end they fail to come alive. They fail to tell us anything new For those that did not know so much before, the sum total of their knowledge will, in quantity, be increased. But that is all. (heir only consolation is that the white oligarchy o South Airis., will remain secure, tor the present at least, because of the r. luctancc . ihiiain, the United States, and other powers to give practical support , i.tton by the UN which might damage their investment in and trade with ■■■ > th Africa. With understandable realism the Nationalist leaders arc using this breathing space to build up the country's military sttength in piepara- tion for the final, tragic act of suicidal defiance the ultimate heritage of Verwoerd, Their time is running out. The final act began on August 13-the battle has been joined.

The Apartheid Economy The Political Economy o f South Africa, by Ralph H orvul/ (AVeidenfeld and Nicolson. London, 1967. 63s.)

K five m NDRrn pages of main text and note?' this voluminous book fails to throw any new IigK can economy. The book is an economist's econ.onpr' & It deals, as it must, with the relation yri//l

•—5Tne CHAIRMAN: This matter falls under tunitv of reading this book, bu-t unfortunate­ another Minister, but the hon. member may ly only halfway. It belonged to someone else, round off his speech if he wishes. and 1 had to return it before 1 could read all of it. In my opinion, judging by what 1 did *Mr. A. VAN BREDA: In Britain we see read, this book is excellently documented. It that the number of voters varies from 10.000 goes without saying -that, where people belong in one constituency to 200,000 in the next. to different parties and have different political This is a frustration which means such a great views, everybody will not necessarily agree deal to these people. What they want is that w-iih alJ Mr. Hepple’s conclusions, but 1 must there should be no constituency in the Free say that essentially this book contains the ob­ servations o-f one South African political leader State, which has a total of 7,800 voters. They on the life and political policy of another. As want those voters to be incorporated into an­ I said. Mr. Hepple sat here for years, and I other constituency so that the number ol found nothing in this book which he did not voters is as great as those of the constituencies say in this House and which is not recorded m the Cape. The hon. member for Karoo, in Hansard in any event, and which he did not who is in fact a kindred spirit of the hon. write in the many newspapers he published or member for Houghton has often complained which he would not have said. As far as I did about the distances to be covered in Coloured read, I found nothing in this book which constituencies. Now the hon. member for would create any sensation if it appeared in a Houghton wants us to increase the size of the newspaper in South Africa to-day in the form Coloured constituencies beyond the borders of of a series of articles. It is the kind of political the Province. To-day we would Like to convey analysis one finds in newspapers every day, our sincere thanks to Mr. Justice Van Wyk and and obviously, in this case, in newspapers op­ the other officials of the Department who posing the Government. undertook this demarcation, and want to testify to the fact that they have done a fine *Dr. P. S. VAN DER M ERW E: But you piece of work. [Time expired] only read half of it.

Mr I D Dll P BASSO N.: Mr. Chairman, •Mr. J. D. DU P BASSON : 1 concede that, 1 ^RouT3iik^tospeaK about the Publications but one can make a reasonable judgment on Board, and 1 want to say at once that there are the basis of that. If 1 have to judge why such two matters in this regard on which we are a book is banned, -the only reason seems to agreed, and which we therefore need not dis­ be that it is a little awkward for -the Govern­ cuss. We do not differ on the question of por­ ment. The author quoted from history at nography. We are in favour of reasonably length, inter alia, from articles that appeared strict control over that. There is also no dif­ in the Transvaler during the war years, the ference between us as far as communist pro­ days when there was a fight about advertising paganda is concerned. We know what rhe com­ by Jews, for example. There was a war on in munists' plans are. and our stand'point has those days, and sharp articles were written. In always been that there is no reason why the my opinion this is the only reason why the machinery of democracy should be made avail Government prefers these matters not to be able to the communists so that they may raised again, i.e. because they could be awk­ destroy democracy itself. About that we need ward for the governing party. But it is not -the not argue, we agree on that. What 1 find a task of a Publications Board to protect the little disconcerting in connection with the work Government or the governing party. The hon. of -the Publications Board, however, is that it the Minister -himself said yesterday, and we applies a form of domestic political censor­ agreed with him. that • (mlitics was no “sissy ship. In so far as I can watch the lists, my game"; if you want to govern, you must also impression is that books are banned because be prepared to suffer critidsm. they adopt a critical attitude towards the There are two things the Publications Board Government and the race policy of the must bear in mind. The first is that -there is Government. Previously, when Mr. S. E. D. nothing it can do to prevent pieople in the Brown served on the old Censor Board, this outside world from reading any particular was very clear. 1 concede that it is no longer book. Many books, of course, d-o not do us as bad as it was then, but nevertheless it hap­ any good, perhaps because there is too much pens regularly that works criticazmg apartheid truth in them. If the Publications Board had as a political system, are placed on the list of the power of preventing pieople in the outside banned books. world from reading any particular book, there 1 can mention many examples, but as 1 might still be some sense in prohibiting such have only ten minutes at my disposal I shall a book. The Publications Board, however, can deal with only one. The one 1 want to men­ do nothing in that regard. All the board there­ tion is the book by Alex Heppel on the life fore has to take into account in judging a of Dr. Verwoerd, which appeared in -the Peli­ political -book, is whether the people in this can series “Twentieth Century Leaders". We country should read it. As regards the outside know that Mr Hopple was a member of this world, an author actually benefits by the fact House for ten years and was the leader of the that his book is banned, because -that book labour Party. We obwousJy differ from this immediately gets a tittle band around i-t, say­ man in our political outlook. 1 had the oppor- ing “banned in South Africa”, and as a result 7221 ASSEMBLY DEBATES 7222 its sales increase. But the Publications Board first place, what happens in the case of an is concerned with one consideration only, j.e. immigrant? Tens of thousands of immigrants whether the South African reader should be have come to South Africa in recent years; allowed to read the book. As far as this is thousands of them come from countries bor­ concerned. 1 think a reasonable norm would dering on the Mediterranean; thousands of be to say Chat if what appears in chat book, is them come from countries where there is a normally also written by newspapers that strong element of Moorish blood in the veins criticize the Government, that book should be of the people. They make no secret of that; in allowed. In my opinion this is a reasonable fact, they are proud of it. because they are as norm. My judgment of the book written by proud of their history as we are of ours. But Mr. Hepple is that what appears in it is some­ tens of thousands of people have come to thing which is written every day in the form South .Africa to whom the Government will of criticism in the political columns of news­ issue white identity cards purely on the papers in South Africa, and is even said here grounds of the fact that they say they are in the House of Assembly in connection with white, or are white in appearance. There is Government policy and the history of the no way in which we can screen immigrants as governing party. 1 feel that if we reach the to their descent. And tens of thousands have poiint where the Publications Board bans a ome in who, if they were tested according to book, a book that was written by one political our criteria, would not pass the test. Is it fair leader about another political leader and the that South Africans must live through all this development of his policy, we already have misery, people who are leading setfied lives? political censorship in South Africa. This is They must live through all this misery; their something dangerous. There is, in any event, families must be broken up, but any Dick, no logic in it, because at the same time a Tom and Harry may come from overseas, political writer can write virtually anything in settle in South Africa and receive a white a newspaper. If he writes a book, however, it identity card without there being any proof is banned, as has in fact happened in this of his being of white descent. [Interjections.] case. There are other examples I could men­ If 1 am wrong. I shall be grateful if the hon. tion and discuss I have watched the lists over the Minister will correct me and tell me what the years, and 1 must say that there is a long system we follow in connection with the thou­ list of political books which stood on the sands of immigrants who entered South Africa shelves for a long time, some of them for as during recent years. The rules should apply long as two years, before the Publications equally to all. [Time expired.] Board banned them. I think that they are going too fat in this respect. *Mr. J. A. MARAIS; The hon. member for There are two things I want to ask the Bezuidenhout will forgive me if I do not fol­ Minister to do The first is to go into this low him up now. I cannot discuss the book by question of political censorship and to sec Alex Hepple, because I have not seen it. But whether a more satisfying norm cannot be I do want to say this to the hon. member for applied, especially as regards political books Bezuidenhout. that he has a way of making written by South African political figures. In wild statements on the basis of the most slen­ the second place I think some plan should be der evidence imaginable. He said here this devised to make it a little easier for Parlia­ afternoon that there was the impression that ment, especially for those hon. members who the Government banned books if those books specialize in this field, to get acquainted with were critical of Government policy. In support the activities of the Publications Board. Then of that statement he adduced one single ex­ we would not need to come here and simply ample, and admitted, moreover, that ne had vote an amount, but would at least be able to only read the book, halfway. But he never­ make a reasonable judgment as to whether the theless went on from' there and said that the Publications Board was doing its work pro­ only apparent reason for the banning of this perty. I am not saying this by way of reflec­ book was the fact that it contained criticism tion on any of the members of the board: we have the same regard for them as the Minister of the Government and its policy. This being has. But principles are concerned here. the case, the hon. member said, we already have political censorship. Do you see the haze Then there is another little matter. It seemed of suspicion that is drawn over a wide field on to me yesterday as though there was some the basis of such slender evidence? The hon. doubt about out attitude towards face classifi member knows that "White man think again” cation. Well, our point of view is that this is by Anthony Jacob was banned last year, if be an Act which does not belong on the Statute brings this into relation with what he said here Book, not in a civilized country such as South this afternoon, surely he must admit that his Africa. In fact, I do not behove that any Act extreme statements of this afternoon are totally which, as a result of doubt about their descent, unfounded. separates a married couple who are leading a settled kfe and have children, is something which is permissible. I was shocked yesterday ♦Mr. J. D. DU P. BASSON: Prove the that the hon. member for Watcridoof virtually contrary. pleaded that we should act in a less humane way. In this connection I should like to ask ♦Brig. H. J. BRONKHORST: What are you the hon. the Minister two questions. In die going to do with Keg? ,724V ASSEMBLY DEBATES 7250

*Mr. \ G. HLIGHES: And what about Cal­ connection with its work, we may very con­ vin ISITT? fidently leave this work in its hands The hon. member for Bezuidenhout started by referring *Mr. J. C. GREYLING: If only you were to the Publications Board, and he referred in steeped in Calvinism, you would not have been particular to a certain book which he said he such a weak-kneed Opposition. [Time expired.] had only read half way. 1 agree with him in so far that no publications board ought to Mr. T. G. HUGHES: I just want to make a be used in order to further the interests of few comments. It has been very noticeable that any internal political party. In that regard 1 in this debate the bon. members who have agree with him. but there are nevertheless taken part have only been the “verkramptes", broad terms on the basis of which politics as like the hon. members for Innesdal. Wonder- such is a consideration with the Publications boom, Waterkloof, Carletonville, Rissik and Board. 1 should like to refer him to section Pretoria (District). Nobody else has taken part, 5 (2) (c) and (d) of the Act, Paragraph (c) and this is an indication to us that the “ver- provides that a publication or object shall be kramptes” have taken over. The speech by the deemed to be undesirable if it or any part of hon. member for Carletonville has been a clear it “brings any section of the inhabitants of warning to the Government—freedom of the the Republic into ridicule or contempt" and Press and hands off Veg and hands off the (d) “is harmful to the relations between any S.A. Observer. sections of the inhabitants of the Republic".

^Utf.MINIS-n^O^ T liU m T -m : The ♦Mr. J. D. DU P. BASSON: In that case hon. member for i ranskei has just made a one might just as well ban the political speech in which he really wandered very far pamphlets of parties. from the Department of the Interior. He was lucky to get in with that speech 1 do not think ♦The MINISTER : If the hon. member dif­ there are many other points for me to reply fers with this section of the Act, it is another to, but here and there there are still outstand­ matter, but the hon member must, after all, ing matters which 1 should like to discuss, and admit that this measure does exist, and within 1 think 1 should start by saying a few words the scope of that definition I think it is de­ on the Publications Board. You will agree sirable and essential for the Publications with me. Sir. that to a large extent the dis­ Board to take certain aspects into account In cussion this afternoon dealt with the Pub­ any case, it is essential for the Publications lications Board, and that is why 1 want to Board to ensure that anything which might say something about it. cause friction between the various race groups should be eliminated. 1 do not think th.- hon. As far as I myself am concerned, I have member differs from me in this regard, and every confidence that we may leave this mat­ in that process we may assume that there must ter in the hands of the Publications Board, but be political considerations, the result being that I nevertheless think that it would serve a good one should not exclude politics in the broad purpose to have a discussion here in regard sense from the considerations of the Publica­ to matters which fall under the Publications tions Board, but that politics in the narrow Board and, in particular, also in regard to the sense, in the party-political sense locally in norms to be applied in their considerations, South Africa, should in fact be excluded from because in that way, even if the Publications the considerations^ of the Publications Board, Board were only to take cognizance of this, in that regard 1 agree with the hon. member. they may at least be given an idea of what the The hon. member also raised the question of feelings of Parliament are in regard to the immigrants here. He said he actually intended work done by that board In the Publications to make a plea for those people in our country Board itself we have people from all the vari­ who were applying for being registered as White ous walks of life. We have highly trained or whatever other class and who were not academical people there, the arts are well re­ being accepted as such presented there and the same applies to the various races. The Bantu are well represented, ♦Mr. J. D. DU P. BASSON : Who pass for as are the other non-Whites. As far as pos­ White. sible we are catering for the various population groups and also for the various ♦The MINISTER In the process of that schools of thought which may exist in South plea which he made, he referred to immi­ Africa 1 think it is very important for us to grants who came to South Africa and who, do this. I am aware that all of us claim for by virtue of their background, were probably ourselves the right to speak on these matters, not White but who nevertheless came to South because we read the books and the newspapers Africa as immigrants and were admitted as and w'e look at the films. Then we are in­ such. He regards this as being wrong. Viewed clined to say: I am only a layman, and who from the angle of the principle involved here, am 1 to speak, but I am nevertheless prepared 1 think that the one is as wrong as the other. to express my views on all these matters. I feel that in view of the way in which the •Mr. J. D DU P. BASSON: I do not think Publications Board has been constituted and it is wrong, but a distinction should be drawn the liaison which 1 maintain with that board in in favour of the foreigner.

34—A.H. Vol. I the trade unions, or curb their democratic rights. Well known for hi3 labours on behalf of non-white workers and the repeal of discriminatory laws. Chairman of the South African Treason Trial Defence Fund, 1956-1961 (Dissolution); Chairman of the South African Defence and Aid Fund I960 - 1964; Editor of Forward (Johannesburg) 1962 - 1964; Director and Bditor of International Defence and Aid Information Service (London) 1967 - 1972 : Assisted several trade unions in various capacities.

Publications :- South Africa: A Political and ISconomic History. (282pp.) Pall Mall Press, London, 1966. Verwoerd (253pp.; Penguin Book3 , London. (Pelican Series - Political. Leaders of the Twentieth Century) 1967. Pamphlets :- Trade Unions in Travail (94pp.) Unity Publi­ cations. Johannesburg, 1954. (Story of Broederoond - Nationalist plan to control South African Trade Unions.) The African Worker in South Africa (36pp.) The Africa Bureau, London, 1955. ( S study of Trade Unionism .) A Trade union Guide for South African Workers (40pp.) S.A. Congress of Trade Unions, Johannes­ burg, 1957. Poverty Wages (16pp.) Wages Committee, Johan­ nesburg, 1959. ( An examination of wage policy in relation to South Africa's lowest paid workers.) Censorship and Press Control in South Africa (78pp.) published by the author, Johannesburg, I9 6 0 .

Pamphlets specially written for the International Defence and Aid Information Service , viz.:- Transit Camps in oouth Africa (13pp.) 1967. (Deals with The beginnings of "resettlement of Africans from "white" areas.) The Embargo on Arms for South Africa (9pp»l> 1968 Workers under Aparthied (83pp.) 1969. 2nd. ed. 1971. t88pp.) French translation - les travailleurs livres i 1'apartheid - $89)pp) 1973. "Resettlement" - The New Violence to Africans (47pp.) 1969, French translation ~ Camps de rfeinstaliation - (64pp.) 1970. Arms and Apartheid (18pp.) 1970 Aparthied Quiz (53pp.) 1972 The Press under Apartheid (63pp.) 1974.

Articles on political issues, industrial laws and trade unionism contributed to various periodicals, magazines and newspapers.

A S, 6-V ~ .X _ V O -lk? Margaret Mrs./Cornell,

The Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, 10, St. James's Square,

LONDON, S. ¥. 1 W o / a a s 3 A. HSPPLE,

86, Woodville Road, New Barnet, Herts.

21at. August 1969*

Dear Mrs. Cornell, I was able to do the article on the BOSS law sooner than expected, so here it is. Hope you will like it.

Yours sincerely,

Mrs* Margaret Cornell, Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, 10, St. James's Square, LONDON. S. W. 1* The Royal Institute of International Affairs

C h a t h a m H o u se

io St James’s Square, London swi Whitehall 2233

12 September 1969

Dear Mr Hepple,

I enclose an Ttncorrected proof of your piece about BOSS. We should be glad to have th is back, w ith any amendments or other corrections, as quickly as possible, but in any event not later than Thursday 18 September.

The figures about which Mrs Cornell tried to telephone you and about which she wrote to you on 5 September come in the th ird paragraph. I have queried them in the margin.

Yours sincerely \ H

Dora Broadbent. Assistant to Mrs Cornell

Alex Hepple Esq., 86 Woodville Road New Barnet, H erts. The Royal Institute of International Affairs Ch a t h a m h o u s e , io St. James’s Square, London swi T eleph on e 01-930 2233 C a b les Areopagus, London swi

p a t r o n : her majesty the queen Chairman: sir duncan oppenheim Director: the right h o n . k. g. younger

Hon. Treasurer: david rae smith, mc Director of Studies: Andrew shonfield

5 September 1969 *

Dear Mr Hepple,

Thank you for the article on BOSS. I have been trying to ring you today with an enquiry, anmely on page 5 under the heading of the secret services, I cannot make the sums come right. I shall send the piece off to the printers but should be glad to have clarification on this point from you in the meantime.

I like the piece and shall be glad to publish it. I am not quite sure yet whether it will be as an article or as a Note of the Month - this depends on the length. If as an article could I have a biographical note about yourself please? I expect the one published with your article in February 19 6 5 is now out of date. » Yours sincerely,

Margaret Cornell.

Alex Hepple Esq., 86 W oodville Road, New Barnet, H erts. 86, Woodville Road, Hew Barnet, Herts.

18th. September 1969

Dear Mrs. Cornell, I'm sorry for the errors in the fourth paragraph. The total figure should be R5,320,500 and there should have been the words "the Police Department (Rl,218,000)," alter the word "between". The paragraph would then read:-

In March 1969, when the Estimates of Expenditure for 1969-70 were published, it became known that the Government was planning to spend R5,320,500 on secret services, compared with Rl,842,500 the year before. Of this increased amount, R4,065,000 was allocated to the Department of the Prime Minister for the purposes of the new security section under General van den Bergh. The remainder was shared between the Police Department (Rl,210,000), military intelligence (R39,000) and the Department of Bantu Administration and Development, secret services (R500).

Otherwise the proofs seem to be correct and I have no changes to make. Yours sincerely,

Mrs. Margaret Cornell, The Ro$al Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, of. James's Square, London, S. W. 1. The Royal Institute of International Affairs

C h a t h a m H o u se

io St. James’s Square, London swi 01-930 2233

24 September 1969

Dear Mr Hepple,

I enclose herewith our cheque for ten guineas in payment fo r your piece on the BOSS legislation, which is appearing in the October 19 6 9 issue of The World Today. Under separate cover I sh a ll he sending you 5 complimentary copies of this issue and can let you have others, if you wish, at the special author1s price of Js. per copy.

I am delighted to publish another piece By you and I hope we may have further co­ operation in the future.

Yours sincerely,

Margaret Cornell (Mrs) E ditor, The World Today

Alex Hepple, Esq., 86 Woodville Hoad, HEW BAREST, H erts.

(E nel♦) The Royal Institute of International Affairs Ch a t h a m h o u s e , io St. James’s Square, London swi T eleph on e 01-930 2233 C a b les Areopagus, London swi

p a t r o n : her majesty the queen

Chairman: sir duncan oppenheim Director: the right hon. Kenneth younger Vice-Chairman: Michael Howard, m.c. Director of Studies: j. b. s. fawcett, d.s.c. Hon. Treasurer: david rae smith, m.c. Assistant Director of Studies: dr. Roger Morgan

3rd October, 1969*

Alex Hepple, Esq., 0/0 Defence and Aid Fund Ltd., 104 Newgate Street, London, E. C. 1.

Dear Mr. Hepple,

This is to confirm our provisional arrangement that you will write a paper for a meeting of our Southern Africa seminar on Thursday, 11th December at 6 . 3O p.m. We have been examining the forces, both economic and strategic, that are propelling the Republic of South Africa into an involvement with neighbouring states, and the effects of this involvement on the states concerned, on the Republic, and on foreign powers with interests in the area.

Many of the members of our seminar have read your admirable and fa scin a tin g biography of Dr. Verwoen^and I wonder whether you would give us an up-to date analysis of white politics in the Republic, particularly among the Afrikaners. What is the'verkranrnte/verligte struggle really about? WHat are the main sources of support of each of them? in particular, can this conflict be related to cla#/group conflicts among the Afrikaners. It seems that the verligtes (in their external policy at least) might be prepared to make some gestures/cfncessions, whereby they might reach an accommodation with neighbouring African states. How far would their electorate allow them to go? What we would like is not a blow-by-blow account of the tf-V battle, but an analysis of the sources of support, relative strength and policies of thesejand any other important groups.

cont cont

Please don't worry about style. We shall be happy with a paper set out tersely, in point form, and under headings, if you wish. But please make it as concrete and detailed as possible. We would i f possible like to have the paper bv Monday. 1st December, so that it can be stencilled and distributed to members before the meeting. We hope that you w ill find the time to come to some of the other sessions of our seminar. The following meetings might be of interest to you and I sh a ll send you the papers fo r them in case you are able to come: Thursday, lj t h November, Tim Curtin (economist at York U niversity) on the external trade and aid relations of the countries of Southern and Central Africa. Thursday, 20th November, Catherine Hoskyns on Sh arp eville and i t s aftermath: an international' rescue operation for South Africa. Thursday, 4th December, Peter Duminy (jrhe Economist, formerly^the Financial Mail), on the South African“economy. I shall send you detail about our spring and summer programmes la te r .

The seminar meets at 6.JO (for 6.45) p«m. The speaker introduces his paper and is followed by two discussants. At 7*50 dinner is served, after which we resume the discussion until about 9*50., The group, is I think, very lively and well-informed - we look forward very much to a session with you and hope you can come along to some of our other meetings.

Yours sin c er e ly ,

(Mrs) Merle Lipton Meetings Secretary ALEX. HEPPLL, 86, Woodville Road, New Barnet, Herts.

5th. December 1969

Dear Mrs. Lipton, Herewith new paragraphs 14, 15 and 16, to replace pars. 14 and 15 in my original paper.

Yours sincerely,

Mrs. Merle Lipton, Meetings Secretary, Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, 10, St. James's Square, London. 3. tf. 1. ALEX. HEPPLE

Phones:.U 1 K S O » Office: 445-2967 36, Woodville Road, Res. : 440-7136 New Barnet, Herts.

21st, October 1969

Dear Mrs. Lipton,

I find that I can’t make Thursday’s lunch hour meeting, so am taking advantage of your kind offer to pass the enclosed letter over to Mrs. Helen Suzman, K. P. Thanks for your help.

Will you please note my address, at the head of this letter? In the past you have been writing to me c/o Defence and Aid Fund, Newgate Street, E. C. 1, which causes some delay, as they have to re-direct the letter's.

With kind regards,

Yours sincerely,

Mrs. Merle Lipton, Meetings Secretary, Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, 10, St. James’s Square, London. S. W> 1 The Royal Institute of International Affairs Ch a t h a m h o u s e , io St. James’s Square, London s w i T eleph on e 01-930 2233 C a b les Areopagus, London swi

p a t r o n : her majesty the queen

Chairman: sir duncan oppenheim Director: the right h on. Kenneth younger Vice-Chairman: MICHAEL HOWARD, M.c. Director of Studies: j. B. s. fawcett, d.s.c. Hon. Treasurer: david rae smith, m .c. Assistant Director of Studies: dr. Roger Morgan

9th December, 1969*

Alex Hepple, Esq., 86 W ooaville Hoad, New Barnet, H erts.

Dear Mr. Hepple,

Many thanks for the useful additions to your paper. We look forward to our meeting with you on Thursday. I suggest that you introduce your paper by talking for about 20-25 minutes. Everyone will have read the paper before the meeting, so perhaps you could use the time to enlarge on some of the poin ts you have made, or to raise new ones. It would, for example, be interesting if you could tell us something about the changes that have taken place in the economic and social life of the Afrikan«£*in the last decade or so. How much of the economy do they now control? How many of them are still farmers? Have their attitudes changed? After you have spoken, Laurence Gandar w ill open the discussion.

Yours sin c e r e ly ,

(Mrs) Merle Lipton Meetings Secretary THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Chatham House, 10 St James’s Square, London, S.W. I Tel. 01-930-2233

Personal

SOUTH AFRICA STUDY-GROUP

Attached is Alex Hepple's paper on ’White Politics in South Africa’ for discussion on Thursday, 11th December at 6.50 p«m.

Mr. Hepple,a former South African M.P. (for the Labour P arty), works fo r the Defence and Aid Fund in London. He is author of South A frica , a political and economic history ( 19 6 6 ) and a biography, Vorwoord, ( 19 6 7 ).

The discussion w ill be opened by Laurence Gandar, former editor of the Rand Daily Mail.

We shall meet at 6 \30 (for 6.45) p.m., break for dinner at 7-30 p .n ., and resume the discussion until 9*30 p.m. We hope you w ill be able to join us.

Merle Lipton and Catherine Hoskyns Convenors

8th December, 1969*

R.S.V.P. by Wednesday, 10th December, 1969.

Tos Meetings Department, Chatham Piouse.

I shall/shall not be able to attend Mr. Hepple's meeting on Thursday, 11th December, 1969 at 6.30 p.m.

SIGNATURE......

NAME IN BLOCK CAPITALS...... THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Chatham House, 10 St James’s Square, London, S.W .I Tel. 01-930-2233

SOUTHERN AFRICA STUDY-GROUP

Thursday, 11th December, 1969

'White Politics in South Africa'

Speaker s ALEX HEPPLE

Chairman; IEUAN GRIFFITHS, U niversity of Sussex

ROBERT AINSCOW Ministry of Overseas Development

MYRTLE BERMAN Maxwell Stamp Associates

ANTHONY BLAKE-PAULEY Foreign and Commonwealth O ffice

PETER DUMINY The Economist

JULIAN FRIEDMANN Sohool of O riental and African Studies

LAURENCE GANDER Minority Rights Institute

MRS. GANDER

EDGAR GRAHAM U nilever

DESMOND HARNEY Foreign and Commonwealth O ffice

MERLE LIPTON Chatham House

SHULA MARKS I n s titu te of Commonwealth Studies

BARBARA ROGERS Foreign and Commonwealth O ffice

KENNETH HUGHES U niversity of Warwick

SIMON KATZENELLENBOGEN University of Leicester

STANLEY TRAPIDO University of Durham •\ The Royal Institute of International Affairs Ch a t h a m h o u s e , io St. James’s Square, London s w i T eleph on e 01-930 2233 C a b les Areopagus, London swi

p a t r o n : her majesty the queen

Chairman: sis Duncan oppenheim Director: the right hon. Kenneth younger Vice-Chairman: MICHAEL HOWARD, m . Director of Studies: j. e. s. pawcbtt, d.s.c. Hon. Treasurer: david sab smith, m.c. Assistant Director of Studies: dr. Roger Morgan

1st January, 1970.

Alex Hepple, Esq., 86 W oodville Road, New Barnet, H erts.

Bear Mr. Hepple,

Services' Course on "Southern Africa: Confrontation or Accommodation?11, 26 - 27 February.

I am writing to ask whether you would give one of the six lectures in our Services' Course on Southern Africa, to be held at Chatham House on Thursday, 26th and Friday, 27th February, 1970.

The audience w ill consist of about 250 senior officers of the three Services, plus some of our business subscribers. The usual practice is for a talk of about 45 minutes, followed by another three quarters of an hour for questions and discussion. The sessions will be private and off the record and there is a fee of 15 guineas, plus travelling expenses, for lectures in the series.

The opening lecture w ill probably be given Jay the South African ambassador. We perhaps would like you to give,jjin mhe second session^, an account of conditions in the white-ruled states, particularly in the Republic of South Africa. I would suggest that you concentrate mainly on the conditions of the non-whites, but that you refer briefly to white politics, in particular to the Yerkrampte-Verligte split, giving your view of its significance.

fy&QtU &<<***>------

- fo r k cont I shall phone you early next week to find out whether you are, as we very much hope, willing to do this. With best wishes for the New Year. Yours sin c er e ly ,

(Mrs) Merle Lipton Meetings Secretary The Royal Institute of International Affairs Ch a t h a m h o u s e , io St. James’s Square, London swi T eleph on e 01-930 2233 C a b les Areopagus, London SWI

p a t r o n : her majesty the queen

Chairman: sir duncan oppenheim Director: the right hon. Kenneth younger Vice-Chairman: michaei Howard, m .c. Director of Studies: j. e. s. eawcett, d.s.c. Hon. Treasurer: david rae smith, m.c. Assistant Director of Studies: dr. roger Morgan

51st December, 1969*

Alex Hepple, Esq., 86 V oodville Road, New Barnet, H erts. \

Dear Mr. Hepple,

I have been away with flu, or I \rould have written sooner to thank you for your most useful paper for our Southern Africa seminar and for leading the discussion so ably at our meeting on 11th December. I hope you w ill be able to come to some of our future discussions, particularly the one on Thursday evening 26th February, when we w ill be discussing Stanley Trapido's paper on "Social control and social class among urban A frican s."

(Mrs) Merle Lipton Meetings Secretary The Guardian Monday June 9 200317

Colin Legum The Observer’s man in Africa, he was the leading analyst of the continent s affairs

n nearly half a century arrived in Britain, and in 1951 in eastern Orange Free State, newly established Sunday tions in Europe and the I of reporting on Africa, joined the Observer at the the fourth of five children Express. A year later, he was United States. Rhodes Uni­ the journalism and dawn of its golden age during born to Lithuanian immi­ the paper’s crime reporter versity, Grahamstown and scholarly work of Colin the 1948-75 editorship of grant parents who kept a and at 18 became its political the University of South Legum, who has died aged 84 David Astor (obituary hotel. He grew up in a house correspondent. Joining the Africa, based in Pretoria, con­ following an operation for December 8 2001). He without books or news­ South African Labour party, ferred honorary degrees on cancer, earned him recogni­ became the newspaper’s papers, and there was no he became editor of its jour­ him in 2002. Legum, who tion as the British media’s diplomatic editor, Common­ village library, but he was nal Forward in 1939, also was never able to go to a uni­ premier analyst of African wealth correspondent and encouraged to read by his editing the Mineworker versity, was delighted by ( affairs. The Commonwealth later associate editor. Reflect­ teachers at Kestell’s Retief weekly and serving as party these honours but was espe­ correspondent of the ing Astor’s conviction that high school and was general secretary. In 1942 he cially cheered when his old I Observer (1951-1981), Legum Britain and the west would befriended by a villager who was elected to Johannesburg school at Kestell, still res­ developed close relations have to come to terms with belonged to a mail-order city council. Then, in 1949, he olutely Afrikaans in culture, with most of the continent’s African nationalism, the book club. came Britain. honoured him as a distin­ major figures. These Observer advocated Legum was appalled by the Legum edited the journal guished old boy, and invited included Julius Nyerere sanctions against South poverty of white schoolchild­ Third World Reports for him to preside at the annual (obituary October 151999), Africa. Astor felt that com­ ren, many of whom were many years and authored, prize-giving. Sir Seretse Khama, Kwame munism would fill the vac­ barefoot in the depths of win­ coauthored or contributed to In 1960, on the death of his Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, uum if the west failed to take ter. He felt deeply about the 20 books, including his first wife, Eugenie Maud i Tom Mboya, Tshekedi the initiative. This was made injustice of the treatment of Congo Disaster, (I960), Pan- Leon, Legum married Mar­ Khama and, especially Oliver explicit in an April 191964 the local black population. Africanism: A Brief History garet Roberts, a Rhodes Uni­ Tambo (obituary April 26 editorial by Legum and Astor. Reared almost entirely by a (1962), Africa: A Handbook versity economics graduate 1993). In the same year, Legum Sotho housemaid, he grew up Of The Continent (1962) and and an anti-apartheid Lsgum was quietly spoken and his wife, the economist without racial prejudice and, most recently Africa Since In­ activist. They settled perma­ andcourteous, yet he was Margaret Legum, argued for in the words of the citation dependence (1999). In the nently in South Africa in tenaious in hi? commitment economic sanctions in their when he received an hon­ last he suggested that Africa 1996, living at Kalk Bay on . to rhnan rights and democ- South Africa: Crisis For The orary doctorate at Rhodes was not going to escape the the False Bay coast near Cape f raticsocialism, and became West. In addition to criss­ University, Grahamstown, experience of Europe, the Town. A son by his first mar­ E persona non grata in his crossing Africa for the found the contradictions Americas and Asia in compa­ riage, David, died in Israel in I native South Africa. He spent Observer, visiting 37 of its 42 around him inexplicable and rable periods when they were 1994. He is survived by his E the apartheid era in exile, but states, and attending 18 ses­ unacceptable. evolving and consolidating wife, Margaret, their three j returned in 1991 when it sions of the Organisation of In his matriculation exami­ new nation-states. daughters, eight grandchil­ f became politically possible African Unity, Legum pro­ nation, Legum was ranked Back in South Africa, dren and two great grand­ I forhimtodoso. duced a flow of scholarly seventh in the country, a Legum continued to write for children. A year after Dr DF Malan’s work. He established the remarkable achievement for up to eight hours each day. Gerald Shaw Nationalist party ousted annual Africa Contemporary a lad from an obscure village An honorary life vice-presi­ General Smuts’ government Record in 1968 and edited it school. In 1934, aged 15, he dent of the Royal Africa Soci­ Colin Legum, journalist, born in 1948 and introduced statu­ for the rest of the century. became a one-pound-week ety, he was a visiting scholar January 31919; died June 8 tory apartheid, Legum Legum was born in Kestell office boy at Johannesburg’s at leading academic institu­ 2003

Collection Number: A3393

Collection Name: Bob Hepple Papers

PUBLISHER:

Publisher: Historical Papers Research Archive, University of the Witwatersrand Location: Johannesburg ©2015

LEGAL NOTICES:

Copyright Notice: All materials on the Historical Papers website are protected by South African copyright law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, or otherwise published in any format, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Disclaimer and Terms of Use: Provided that you maintain all copyright and other notices contained therein, you may download material (one machine readable copy and one print copy per page) for your personal and/or educational non-commercial use only.

People using these records relating to the archives of Historical Papers, The Library, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, are reminded that such records sometimes contain material which is uncorroborated, inaccurate, distorted or untrue. While these digital records are true facsimiles of paper documents and the information contained herein is obtained from sources believed to be accurate and reliable, Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand has not independe ntly verified their content. Consequently, the University is not responsible for any errors or omissions and excludes any and all liability for any errors in or omissions from the information on the website or any related information on third party websites accessible from this website.

This document forms part of a collection held at the Historical Papers Research Archive, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.