INDEX SEMINUM 2014

Acantholimon kotschyi by Estelle DeRidder ON THE COVER Acantholimon kotschyi (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss is a native of southern Turkey that grows on rocky slopes and sandy banks 1000-1700 meters above sea level. White zigzag along spikes and culminate with purple-veined, pink flowers set above a white calyx. Denver Botanic Gardens grows more than 20 taxa of Acantholimon, with a majority living in the Rock Alpine Garden.

ABOUT THE ARTIST Estelle DeRidder is a 2010 graduate of the Gardens’ School of Botanical Art and Illustration. The classes have inspired and challenged DeRidder to capture the complexity and beauty of the form. DeRidder’s email is: [email protected]

SCHOOL OF BOTANICAL ART AND ILLUSTRATION The school’s curriculum is a comprehensive series of classes in botanical illustration that provides participants with the skills needed to render accurate, detailed and useful depictions of the plant world. The program is for the dedicated illustrator, as well as the devoted amateur. Students join the program to earn a foundational certificate or advanced diploma in botanical illustration, or to improve and broaden their skills through ongoing classes.

THE STEPPE THEME The mission of Denver Botanic Gardens is to connect people with , especially plants from the Rocky Mountain region and similar regions around the world, providing delight and enlightenment to everyone.

The Index Seminum program reflects that mission by offering germplasm from plants of the Rocky Mountain region, and correlative climates that are generally described as steppe. Steppe is the focus of several of our collections and the subject of a forthcoming book by Gardens staff, “Steppes: The Plants and Ecology of the World’s Semi-arid Regions”, scheduled for release by Timber Press on July 1, 2015. The 2014 Index Seminum is accessible on our website under Gardens Navigator and includes descriptions of each plant’s geographic habitat. Each description highlights the extent to which the plants originate in Midwestern and Western American or Irano-Turanian (Western and Central Asian) steppes. A considerable number of the offerings originate in Mediterranean, European and North American montane and alpine habitats. These regions too could be characterized as facultative steppes, as the plants have adapted to steppe-like exposures and temperatures, and drought-stress extremes in their chasmophytic or alpine settings.

Steppe ecology is a principal theme in the Gardens’ newly constructed Science Pyramid, an educational facility designed to showcase the Gardens’ research activities and educate the public about plant science. Exhibits and demonstrations explore the diversity and unique conditions of the steppe climates of North America, Eurasia and the Southern Hemisphere, as well as the field of horticulture in general. Along with the opening of the Science Pyramid, the Gardens also saw the completion of the Ellipse Garden and The Hive restaurant, all while hosting an exhibition of artist Dale Chihuly's works of art and several national conferences, including the American Public Gardens Association Annual Conference. Without question, 2014 was a banner year for the Gardens' staff, members and visitors alike.

GARDENS NAVIGATOR We invite you to learn more about the selections provided in this year’s Index Seminum through our Gardens Navigator website. names are linked to images, phenology data and plant descriptions throughout this catalog. You can also access this year’s species list at: http://navigate.botanicgardens.org/weboi/oecgi2.exe/INET_ECM_ DispTour?TOURCODE=INDEX_SEMINUM

Seeds from cultivated plants were collected by Greenhouse Horticulture Specialist Katy Wilcox. Seed requests are fulfilled and data is tracked by volunteers Barry Levene and Gary Waggoner. 1 Seed of Cultivated Plants

All plant names are linked to descriptions and, in many cases, to images on Gardens Navigator website at www.gardensnavigator.org. Seeds are from cultivation and open pollination. è Indicates seed collected from an accession with known wild origin; orginal collection information follows.

Order # Family/Name Acc # Source cOllection Info/IPen data

APIACEAE 1 Aletes acaulis (Torr.) Coult. & Rose 800135 UNK è 2 Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Const. 842335 MBL US: Washington: Kittitas County: Vantage. Black, M. s.n. 3 Peucedanum terebinthaceum (Fischer ex 041622 BBN Treviranus) Ledebour var. terebinthaceum 4 Zizia aptera (A. Gray) Fernald 861622 WDN APOCYNACEAE 5 Asclepias tuberosa L. 822058 AFN ASTERACEAE è 6 Arctotis arctotoides (L.f.) O. Hoffm. 060720 JOH: MCM ZA: East Cape: Waainek. nice groundcover McMaster, C. DJ117. 15 Feb 2006. 7 Berlandiera lyrata Benth. 870408 GRA 8 Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. 032042 BBN 9 Erigeron elatior (A. Gray) Greene 040309 WNS 10 Erigeron linearis (Hook.) Piper 120917 LPA 11 Erigeron simplex Greene 002366 LPA 12 Erigeron speciosus (Lindl.) DC. 002520 GRA è 13 Helianthus pumilus Nutt. 861286 BRU US: Colorado: Jefferson County: Green Mountain. Brune, R. s.n. 14 Liatris punctata Hook. 011207 UNK è 15 Liatris punctata Hook. 870079 BRU US: Colorado: Jefferson County: Green Mountain. Brune, R. s.n. 16 Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl. 002511 LVN 17 Silphium asteriscus L. var. simpsonii 032347 MAD (Greene) Clevinger 18 Solidago rigida L. 970226 NCN 19 Townsendia eximia A. Gray 120952 LPA 20 Townsendia parryi D.C. Eaton 130042 KEL 21 Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 002540 GRA BERBERIDACEAE è 22 Berberis fremontii Torr. 842391 WEI US: Colorado: Delta County: Delta. Weinstein, W. s.n. 23 Podophyllum hexandrum Royle 790398 G BIGNONIACEAE 24 Incarvillea olgae Reg. 091540 LPA è 25 Incarvillea olgae Reg. 930226 RMR: HAJ TJ: South Alicur Range, Eastern Pamir. Alpine tundra, stony slopes. 4900 m. 1 foot tall, dwarf form, rose flowers. Halda, J. s.n. 15 Sep 1991. BORAGINACEAE 26 Onosma caerulescens Boiss. 120832 WRA BRASSICACEAE 27 Aethionema capitatum Boiss. & Balansa 112727 KIN: SRP 28 Aethionema schistosum (Boiss. & Kotschy) 070606 ALP Kotschy 29 Aubrieta pinardii Boiss. 120949 LPA 30 Draba alpina L. var. glacialis (Adams) Dickie 071172 LPA

2 Seed of Cultivated Plants

Order # Family/Name Acc # Source cOllection Info/IPen data

BRASSICACEAE (cont.) è 31 Draba atlantica Pomel 070611 ALP MA: Jbel Toubkal: High Atlas. 2200 m. Rosettes of whitish-tipped, linear packed into tight cushions bear globose clusters of yellow flowers on short scapes. 32 Draba bruniifolia Steven 120947 LPA 33 Draba hispanica Boiss. 030603 UNK 34 Draba hoppeana Rchb. 020887 SIR 35 Draba polytricha Ledeb. 120913 LPA 36 Lesquerella arizonica S. Watson 121354 SRP 37 Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. ex Britt. 024046 ADA ssp. ovalifolia 38 Matthiola montana Boiss. 101641 SRP è 39 Campanula thyrsoides L. 081143 SCR CH 40 pumilio (Portenschlag.) A. DC. 101644 SRP 41 Edraianthus tenuifolius (Waldst. & Kit.) A. DC. 790378 G è 42 Michauxia tchihatchewii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 861944 ARC TR: 800 m. Archibald, J. s.n. 43 Symphyandra zangezura Lipsky 930479 KIEL è 44 Trachelium jacquinii (Sieber) Boiss. 920570 KEL: JUR GR: Mt. Olympus. Jurasek, J. s.n. 1 Jul 1991. ssp. rumelianum (Hampe) T.G. Tutin CAPRIFOLIACEAE 45 Morina longifolia Wall. ex DC. 110460 ALP 46 freynii Vandas 082208 RBN 47 Dianthus microlepis Boiss. 071540 SRP 48 Dianthus microlepis Boiss. 112880 KEL 49 Dianthus pavonius Tausch 072767 LPA 50 Dianthus petraeus Waldst. & Kit. 802809 PLF ssp. noeanus (Boiss.) Tutin 51 Dianthus sternbergii Sieber ex Capelli 122011 KIN è 52 Dianthus turolensis Pau & Pau 121328 KIN: SCR ES CLEOMACEAE è 53 Cleome serrulata Pursh 980554 JOH US: Rocky Mountain Arsenal, CO. Johnson, D. s.n. 18 Sep 1997. CRASSULACEAE 54 Rosularia rechingeri Jansson 900001 MUE 55 Sedum cepaea L. 910418 PLE 56 Sedum litorale Komar. 060481 PFF 57 Sedum takesimense Nakai 930344 WDN è 58 Sedum valens Björk 130153 ALP US: Idaho: Idaho County: On cliffs of basalt. 2000 ft. beautiful tightly-packed rosettes of glaucous grey-green surrounded by a ring of maroon leaves; flat heads of bright yellow flowers, 10x8cm Bradshaw, Alan s.n. FABACEAE 59 Amorpha nana Nutt. 941071 SUN 60 Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. var. minor 032344 MAD (Lehm.) Fernald 61 Baptisia sphaerocarpa Nutt. 'Screamin' Yellow' 091392 KSS 62 Caragana microphylla Lam. 'Mongolian 051239 fCN: BBN Silver Spires' 63 Lathyrus aureus (Steven ex Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) 060621 SHP D. Brandza 3 Seed of Cultivated Plants

Order # Family/Name Acc # Source cOllection Info/IPen data

GENTIANACEAE 64 Gentiana angustifolia Vill. 140969 LPA 65 Gentiana dahurica Fisch. 021471 BBN 66 Gentiana paradoxa Albov 081311 LPA HYDRANGEACEAE 67 Jamesia americana Torr. & A. Gray 000292 NGC 68 Agastache cana (Hook.) Wooton & Standl. 100786/ GUL/KIY 'Sinning' SONORAN SUNSET® 111389 69 Lallemantia canescens (L.) Fisch. & Mey. 940037 RMR: ARC 70 Phlomis alpina Pall. 941652 MCG 71 Phlomis cashmeriana Royle 840358 PLE 72 daghestanica Sosn. 940098 WURZB 73 Salvia engelmannii A. Gray 132135 LSO è 74 Salvia multicaulis Vahl 910022 ARC TR. Archibald, J. s.n. 1 Jul 1989. Acc # 846201 è 75 Salvia pachyphylla Epling ex Munz 990341 ALP US: California. Compact form. è 76 Salvia pachyphylla Epling ex Munz 990350 ALP US: California. Robust form. è 77 Salvia pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. ex Benth. 850106 BSG TR: Antalya: 1000 m. è 78 Salvia recognita Fisch. & C.A. Mey. 930613 RMR: ARC TR. Archibald, J. & J. s.n. 1 Jul 1986. 79 Salvia tomentosa Miller 910669 RMR 80 Satureja montana L. ssp. illyrica Nyman 002942/ BBN/DBG 122296 81 Thymus comosus Heuff. ex Griseb. 081552 LPA LILIACEAE 82 Tulipa sprengeri Baker 941340 DAF MALVACEAE 83 Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & A. Gray) A. Gray 002507 LVN PAPAVERACEAE 84 Pseudofumaria ochroleuca W. D. J. Koch 811506 OLD 85 Digitalis obscura L. 100763/ LVN/DBG 122302 86 nudicaulis L. 090611 UJF 87 Globularia stygia Orph. 081470 MTH 88 Globularia trichosantha Fisch. & C. A. Mey. 022697 LPA 89 Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt. 002509/ LVN/KIY 'P010S' PRAIRIE JEWEL® 032389 90 Penstemon nitidus Douglas ex Benth. 071192 LPA è 91 Penstemon osterhoutii Pennell 121332 KIN: APS US: Colorado: Rio Blanco County: 6600 ft. 08-010. 92 Penstemon procerus Douglas ex Graham 081548 LPA PLUMBAGINACEAE 93 Acantholimon acerosum (Willd.) Boiss. 840542 LOW 94 Acantholimon araxanum Bunge 802405 SIR è 95 Acantholimon armenum Boiss. & Huet 910850 PLE TR: Tortum. 1600 m. Plestil. 3278. 96 Acantholimon bracteatum (Girard) Boiss. var. 120845 WRA capitatum (Sosn.) Bokhari 97 Acantholimon caryophyllaceum Boiss. 062280 DBG è 98 Acantholimon kotschyi (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. 070503 PAV TR: Kop Pass. 1800 m. Silver-grey pulvinate ssp. laxispicatum Bokheri cushions, rose-pink flowers on scapes 10-20cm. Pavelka, M. 11. 99 Acantholimon litvinovii Lincz. 900213 TASH è 100 Acantholimon venustum Boiss. 060545 KEL TR: Emil Deresi: Stony areas. Abies cilicica. 2000 m. Zvolanek, Zdenek s.n. 15 Sep 1995. 101 Bukiniczia cabulica (Boiss.) Linchevski 121277 SRP 4 Seed of Cultivated Plants

Order # Family/Name Acc # Source cOllection Info/IPen data

POACEAE è 102 Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr. 980155 SWS US: Colorado. 05401. 103 Sporobolus wrightii Munro ex Scribn. 111261 CGH 104 Stipa joannis Celak. 971199 TUEB 105 Stipa ucrainica P.A. Smirn. 951831 SVER POLEMONIACEAE 106 Collomia grandiflora Douglas ex Lindl. 060526 KEL POLYGONACEAE 107 Atraphaxis muschketowii Krasn. 950952 LZ 108 Eriogonum saxatile S. Watson 101640 SRP 109 Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. var. aureum 011189 UNK (Gandog.) Reveal 'Psdowns' KANNAH CREEK® 110 Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. var. porteri 050536 ALP (Small) S. Stokes 111 Eriogonum wrightii Torr. ex Benth. var. wrightii 941408 RMR PRIMULACEAE 112 Lysimachia atropurpurea L. 050586 KEL 113 Primula auricula L. 120896 LPA RANUNCULACEAE è 114 Aquilegia barnebyi Munz 060654 ALP US: Colorado: Rio Blanco County: Oil shale screes and in gullies. 7400 ft. Butter yellow corollas contrast beautifully with the peachy- pink sepals. 115 Aquilegia chrysantha A. Gray 002505 LVN: DSW 116 Aquilegia flabellata Sieb. & Zucc. 'Nana' 120928 LPA 117 Clematis albicoma Wherry 052510 SHP 118 Clematis hirsutissima Pursh 051000 LPA 119 Clematis integrifolia L. 'PSHarlan' 023529 BBN MONGOLIAN BELLS® 120 Clematis integrifolia L. 'PSHarlan' 052495 GRA MONGOLIAN BELLS® 121 Clematis stans Siebold & Zucc. 060497 PFF 122 Pulsatilla regeliana (Maxim.) Krylov 911023 BOE 123 Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill. 800320 SCR 124 Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill. 'Röde Klokke' 051257 LPA RED CLOCK 125 Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill. 'Elegans' 120927 LPA 126 Cercocarpus intricatus S. Watson 861691 UNK 127 Petrophytum caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. 024045 KEL 128 Potentilla fissa Nutt. 950058 PIE 129 koehneana C.K. Schneid. 101606 WAJ SAXIFRAGACEAE 130 Heuchera hallii A. Gray 003024 LPA 131 Heuchera hallii A. Gray 110419 RMR 132 Heuchera pulchella Wooton & Standl. 131257 LPA 133 Telesonix jamesii (Torr.) Raf. 061163/ LPA 131248 134 meridionalis (L. F.) Kuntze 130884 MJG XX-0-MJG-19--47660 135 Verbascum bombyciferum Boiss. 'Polarsommer' 041896 GRA ARCTIC SUMMER THYMELAEACEAE 136 Daphne giraldii Nitsche 840572 SCR 5 wild collected seeds

Order # Family/Name Acc #

ASTERACEAE 137 Achillea millefolium L. 142604 138 Artemisia cana Pursh 150001 139 Ericameria parryi (Gray) Nesom & Baird var. parryi 142608 140 Heliomeris multiflora Nutt. 142614 141 Hymenoxys hoopesii (A. Gray) Bierner 142613 142 Senecio bigelovii A. Gray 142617 143 Solidago canadensis L. 150004 144 Solidago multiradiata Ait. 150005 145 Symphyotrichum spathulatum (Lindley) G.L. Nesom var. spathulatum 142606

BRASSICACEAE 146 Noccaea fendleri (A. Gray) Holub ssp. glauca (A. Nelson) Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch 142619

FABACEAE 147 Lupinus argenteus Pursh 142615

LAMIACEAE 148 Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze 142605

LINACEAE 149 Linum lewisii Pursh 150003

MALVACEAE 150 Sidalcea candida A. Gray 150002

OROBANCHACEAE 151 Castilleja sulphurea Rydb. 142607

POACEAE 152 Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv. 142610

POLYGONACEAE 153 Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. var. majus Hook. 150006

RANUNCULACEAE 154 Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray 142609 155 Thalictrum fendleri Engelm. ex A. Gray 142618

ROSACEAE 156 Geum rivale L. 142612 157 Potentilla pulcherrima Lehm. 142616

RUBIACEAE 158 Galium boreale L. 142611

All seed collected by Mike Kintgen. US: Colorado: Routt County: Wildflower Ranch. 8200 ft. 1 Jul 2014.

6 PLANT SOURCE ABBREVIATIONS

Abbrev. Plant Source Country State

ADA Adams, Bill US CO AFN Agua Fria Nursery, Inc. US NM ALP Alplains US CO APS American Penstemon Society US ARC Archibald, Jim & Jenny GB B Freie Universität Berlin DE BBN Bluebird Nursery, Inc. US NE BOE Boehme, Gert DE BRU Brune, Rick US CO BSG Buckshaw Gardens GB CGH Center Greenhouse, Inc. US CO DAF Daffodil Mart US VA DBG Denver Botanic Gardens US CO DSW Dean Swift Seed Co. US FCN Fort Collins Nursery US CO G Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques Geneva CH GRA Green Acres Nursery US CO GUL Gulley Greenhouse US CO HAJ Halda, Joseph CS JOH Johnson, Dan US CO JUR Jurasek, Josef CZ KEL Kelaidis, Panayoti US CO KIEL Botanischer Garten der Christian-Albrechts Universität DE KIN Kintgen, Mike US CO KIY Kiyota Greenhouse US CO KSS Klehm's Song Sparrow Perennial Farm US WI LOW Lowry, Betty US WA LPA LaPorte Avenue Alpine Nursery US CO LSO Springer Ogden, Lauren US CO LVN Little Valley Nurseries, Inc. US CO LZ Universität Leipzig DE MAD Madrone Nursery US TX MBL Black, Marvin US WA MCG McGary, Jane US OR MCM McMaster, Chris ZA MJG Johannes Gutenberg Universität DE MTH Mount Tahoma Nursery, c/o Ruck Lupp US WA MUE Mueller, Clare US PA

7 PLANT SOURCE ABBREVIATIONS

Abbrev. Plant Source Country State

NCN University of Nebraska NC Experiment Station US NE NGC Nick's Garden Center US CO OLD Botanischer Garten der Universität Oldenburg DE PAV Pavelka, Mojmir CZ PFF The Perennial Farm US IA PIE Pierce, Andrew US CO PLE Plestil, Vaclav CS PLF Plant Farm US WA RBN Robeson, Gesa US CO RMR Rocky Mountain Rare Plants US CO SCR Scottish Rock Garden Club GB SHP Seneca Hill Perennials US NY SIR Siskiyou Rare Plant Nursery US OR SRP Sunscapes Rare Plant Nursery US CO SUN Sun Chaser Natives US CO SVER Ural Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences RU SWS Southwest Seed US CO TASH Tashkent Academy of Science UZ TUEB Botanischer Garten der Universität Tübingen DE UJF Universite Joseph Fourier FR UNK Unknown WAJ Wagner, Jeff US CO WDN We-Du Nurseries US NC WEI Weinstein, Gayle US CO WNS Western Native Seed US CO WRA Wrightman Alpines Nursery CA ON WURZB Botanischer Garten der Universität Wurzburg DE

8 General Information

Please note • Seeds of some species are in short supply and will be distributed in order of request. • Seeds are the result of open pollination and may be hybridized. • We give no warranty as to the quality, productiveness or any other matter for any seeds we supply. • Species are chosen for their performance in Denver, Colorado’s climate; we cannot speak to qualities such as invasiveness in other climates, but request any data pertaining to invasiveness of these species in other regions be communicated to Denver Botanic Gardens for future reference. We will not knowingly distribute seed to places where a taxon has been identified as invasive.

Sources for Determination and Nomenclature Plant names and families are based on the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (APGIII). We refer to (http://www.theplantlist.org), the Flora of North America (http://floranorthamerica.org) and Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) online database (http://www.ars-grin.gov/).

Geographical Data Denver Botanic Gardens is situated at Latitude 39°45’N, Longitude 104°52’W, at an elevation of 5277 feet (1609 meters). The Gardens includes 24 acres of display and collections including a tropical conservatory, rock alpine garden, Japanese garden, native plant gardens and water gardens.

Climatic conditions in Denver (1971-2000) Average Precipitation Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec Annual inches 0.47 0.47 1.26 1.73 2.28 1.69 2.05 2.05 1.06 1.06 0.83 0.59 15.54

2014 Precipitation Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec 2014 Actual inches 1.07 0.33 1.09 1.53 4.04 1.20 4.67 1.51 2.07 1.10 0.66 0.73 20.00

Average High Temps Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec ° F 44 46 54 61 71 81 88 86 77 65 52 43

2014 High Temps Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec ° F 63 65 72 76 85 89 97 92 93 83 73 65

Average Low Temps Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec ° F 17 20 26 34 44 53 59 57 47 36 25 17

2014 Monthly Low Temps Jan FeB mAr April mAy Jun July Aug Sep Oct NOV dec ° F -7 -14 3 14 30 37 51 49 32 29 -11 -14

___ source: Accuweather.com and Denver Botanic Gardens' rain gauge

Historical data (1981-2010): U.S. climate data (http://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/denver/colorado/united-states/usco0105)

Lowest temperature recorded (1921-2011) -25º F/-3.9º C Highest temperature recorded (1921-2011) 105º F/40.6º C 9