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Sweden Fights On 1 Sweden Fights On PLAY BOOK Nördlingen 1634 • Wittstock 1636 • Second Breitenfeld 1642 • Jankau 1645 Table of Contents Nördlingen ....................................................... 3 Jankau ............................................................. 23 Scenario 1 ................................................. 10 Scenario 1 ................................................. 28 Scenario 2 ................................................. 11 Scenario 2 ................................................. 28 Scenario 3 ................................................. 11 Scenario 3 ................................................. 28 Wittstock .......................................................... 12 Lion of the North Revision .............................. 29 Second Breitenfeld .......................................... 17 Historical Notes ............................................... 32 GMT GAMES P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308 www.GMTGames.com © 2003 GMT Games 2 Sweden Fights On All Scenarios: Battle Designations: All scenarios throughout this Playbook use the following infor- Battle: Counter Abbr: mation. Nördlingen No or N Wittstock Wi or W Color Codes on Counters: Second Breitenfeld Br or B Colors are top color on background color for units/leaders. Jankau. Ja or J Swedish Forces and Allies: Swedish Ranks and Abbreviations: • Swedish and German Allies: Light blue on white/light blue In Swedish: Abbr: Modern English: on dark blue (All battles) Fältmarskalk Fältm. Field Marshal • Scots Allies: Dark green on light green (Nördlingen, General Gen. General Wittstock) Generallöjtant GenLt. Lieutenant General Imperial Forces and Allies: Generalmajor GenMaj. Major General • Imperial Army (IMA): Red on tan/red on brown (All battles) Överste Öfv. Colonel • Spanish (AoF): Red on light yellow/red on medium yellow Överstelöjtnant ÖfvLt. Lieutenant Colonel (Nördlingen) Imperial Ranks and Abbreviations: • Saxons (SX): Black on light gray/Black on medium gray In German: Abbr: Modern English: (Wittstock, Second Breitenfeld, Jankau) General Gen. General • Catholic League (Bavarian Army; CL): Blue on light gray/ General-leutnant GenLt. Lieutenant General blue on medium gray (Nördlingen, Wittstock, Jankau) Feldmarschall FM. Field Marshal Counter Notes: Feldmarshall-leutnant FMLt. Lieutenant Field Marshal 1. There are six blue counters in Sweden Fights On. These are General-feldzeugmeister GenFZM. Field Quartermaster General replacement counters for the first game in the Musket & Pike General-wachtmeister GenWM. Major General Battle System, This Accursed Civil War, and are not used in Oberst Obr. Colonel SFO. Oberstleutant ObrLt. Lieutenant Colonel Oberstwachtmeister ObrWM. Major 2. There are some leaders that do not appear in any of the SFO scenarios. These leaders are for use with the Lion of the North Nobility: revision included later in this Playbook. In German/Swedish: Abbr: Modern English: Kurfürst/Kurfurste K. Prince Elector 3. Generic replacement leaders are called Överste (Swedes), Herzog/Hertig H. Duke Oberst (IMA, Saxon and CL), or Maestre de Campo (AoF). Graf/Greve G. Count 4. Most of the cavalry units have more than one counter with Rheingraf/Rhengreve RG. Count (Rhinegrave) the same unit name. This was done so that players can more Pfalzgraf/Palsgreve PG. Count Palatine (Palsgrave) easily separate counters used in each battle. Use the cavalry Landgraf/Lantgreve LG. Count (Landgrave) unit that has the appropriate Wing and Battle designators. Markgraf/Markgreve MG. Marquis (Margrave) 5. However, it was not possible to make separate counters for Other abbreviations used: each battle for artillery units, infantry units, and leaders, which aka: Also known as are still shared between battles. Each infantry unit has indica- Incl.: Includes tors of which battles it appears in, but not its Wing. KIA: Killed in Action Wing Designations: WIA: Wounded in Action Wing Name: Counter Abbr: Battle: Unit Types: Left L All Arty: Artillery Center C All Arq.: Arquebussier Right R All Cuir.: Cuirassier Aalbuch Garrison A Nördlingen HI Bde: Heavy Infantry Brigade Bernhard’s Infantry B Nördlingen HI Bde w/Arty: Heavy Infantry Brigade with Organic Artillery Horn’s Infantry H Nördlingen LI: Light Infantry Spanish S Nördlingen Optional O Nördlingen Nationalities: Vitzthum’s Reserve V Wittstock AoF: Army of Flanders (Spanish) Palsgreve Karl Gustav’s P 2nd Breitenfeld CL: Catholic League (Bavarian) IMA: Imperial Main Army Sax.: Saxon Swed.: Swedish © 2003 GMT Games Sweden Fights On 3 German/Swedish Glossary: for garrison troops to exact contributions from the locals, a prac- Gamla Blåa = Old Blue tice the late King would have frowned upon. Gula = Yellow By 1633, Wallenstein had acquired enormous power because Gröna = Green of the panic the defeat at Breitenfeld had caused. This was of Alt / Alte = Old or The Elder concern to many in the Empire, including the Habsburg Em- Neu = New peror, Ferdinand II of Austria. During that year’s campaign Jung = The Younger Wallenstein, in a surprise attack, captured 8000 Swedish troops finnar = Finns under General Thurn in Silesia. In return, the main Swedish livländare = Livonians army, now under Horn and Weimar, struck into Bavaria, head- kurländare = Courlanders (a region of modern Livonia) ing for Regensburg. Wallenstein tarried, allowing the city to åboländare = Finns from the region of Åbo, Finland fall to the Swedes. This was the last straw for Maximilian of nyländare = Finns from the Nyland region Bavaria and the Emperor. Wallenstein was deposed and later Notes applicable to all scenarios: assassinated in February 1634. Ferdinand, King of Hungary, • Unless a specific setup location is indicated, Wing Command- took command of the Imperial Army, assisted by Gallas and ers start stacked with any unit in their Wing as per 5.21, and Piccolomini. His cousin, Ferdinand Cardinal Infanta (the Gov- Army Commanders start stacked with or adjacent to any unit ernor of Lombardy), was given command of the Spanish army of their army. assembling for the coming campaign. • The date in parentheses after each battle is the date it was The Campaign fought under the old style (Julian) calendar. (While Catholic In 1634, Cardinal Infanta led a force of over 9000 Spanish and countries adopted the Gregorian calendar in the 1580s, Prot- Italian infantry and 2000 cavalry from Alsace to join the Army estant areas of Germany didn’t adopt it until about 1700, and of Flanders (AoF). The AoF was over 52,000 strong, but the Sweden not until 1753.) nature of the war in Flanders (also called the Eighty Years War or the Dutch War of Independence) required that over half the army be tied down in garrison duties. The Spanish preferred to have the Walloons and Germans cover the garrisons, while us- Nördlingen, ing their Spanish, Italian, and Burgundian tercios as their strike September 6 (August 27), 1634 force. For the 1634 campaign, Cardinal Infanta, joined by Duke Charles of Lorraine, had around 12 tercios and 10 cavalry “regi- Southwestern Germany (Bavaria) ments.” (The biggest Spanish weakness was in cavalry, and they General Situation did not have formal cavalry regiments as did other armies of The battle of Lützen was a disaster for the seemingly unstop- pable Swedish war machine, cutting down its leader, King Gustav Adolf, at the height of his power. Oxenstierna took the reins of government as Queen Christina was only six, and her mother was unfit to be regent. While Wallenstein (the leader of the opposing Imperial forces) retired with his army into Bohemia after the battle, the Swedes, though decapitated, continued their march into Germany. The Swedes split their forces, with Gustav Horn leading a Swedish army that ran the Imperials out of Alsace, while Oxenstierna led the main army into Leipzig, sweeping Wallenstein’s garrisons from Saxony. The Swedish momentum began to run out in the winter of 1632- 33 as Swedish units, often owed many years worth of back pay, threatened to mutiny. The Swedes were overextended and fac- ing a serious crisis in funding. Oxenstierna began to withdraw Swedish troops to the Baltic and worked with the Protestant German princes to conclude the Treaty of Heilbronn. The treaty, signed April 23, 1633, brought in hefty subsidies from the Ger- man princes that allowed the Swedes to keep campaigning. Even Richelieu, the effective ruler of France, contributed subsidies (though France was Catholic, like the Empire, France was op- posed to Spain). However, the money still did not come in fast enough, forcing the Swedes to pay many officers in land. Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar, for instance, became Duke of Franconia. In addition, it became increasingly more common © 2003 GMT Games 4 Sweden Fights On the period). The Imperial Main Army (IMA) had 14 infantry Gallas and Piccolomini had perceived a weakness here and had regiments, 20 cavalry regiments, and nearly 150 guns (about Cardinal Infanta dispatch Gen. Serbelloni and 6 regiments 116 of these were light 3 lb guns after the Swedish model). The (tercios—3 German, 1 Imperial, and 2 Spanish) to secure the IMA also had the able assistance of the Bavarian army under position. General Aldringer. The basic plan of campaign for the com- Since Serbelloni occupied the Aalbuch, Horn crossed the bined Imperial/Spanish army was to roll back the Swedish gains Retzenbach at Hirnheim and deployed for an assault. Weimar’s in southern Germany, and if possible to reopen the “Spanish battle line was on the saddle between the Ländle and the Road.” This was the
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