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Formação Histórica Da Real Property Law Inglesa: Tenures, Estates, Equity & Trusts (Dissertação De Mestrado )

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Formação Histórica Da Real Property Law Inglesa: Tenures, Estates, Equity & Trusts (Dissertação De Mestrado ) TOMÁS OLCESE Formação histórica da real property law inglesa: tenures, estates, equity & trusts (Dissertação de Mestrado ) Orientador: Prof. Associado Bernardo Bissoto Queiroz de Moraes Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Direito São Paulo 2012 Índice geral 1. ASPECTOS PRELIMINARES E METODOLÓGICOS................................................. 5 2. OS COMPONENTES FEUDAIS NA FORMAÇÃO DA REAL PROPERTY LAW .... 12 2.1. OS WRITS E AS FORMS OF ACTION ................................................................................ 16 2.2. A ESTRUTURA DOS DIREITOS REAIS NA INGLATERRA : TENURES ................................ 25 2.2.1. Surgimento e características gerais ....................................................................... 25 2.2.2. A articulação das terras em função do regime de concessão feudal ..................... 35 2.2.3. O elemento material da concessão feudal: seisin .................................................. 42 2.2.4. As categorias baseadas na seisin e sua extensão temporal: estates of freehold .... 55 2.2.4.1. A concessão hereditária perpétua: o estate in fee simple ............................... 58 2.2.4.2. A concessão hereditária condicional inalienável: o estate in fee tail ............. 63 2.2.4.3. A concessão vitalícia: o life estate ................................................................. 76 2.3. HERANÇAS DO SISTEMA DAS TENURES NA REAL PROPERTY LAW INGLESA .................. 82 2.3.1. A concessão sem seisin : unfree tenure .............................................................. 83 2.3.2. Statutum Quia Emptores Terrarum 1290 .......................................................... 91 3. A FORMAÇÃO HISTÓRICA DA EQUITY E DOS TRUSTS ..................................... 102 3.1. OS TRUSTS E A COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE SISTEMAS ....................................................... 102 3.2. A FORMAÇÃO DA EQUITY NA INGLATERRA ............................................................... 104 3.2.1. A justiça itinerante........................................................................................... 105 3.2.2. Os tribunais do common law ........................................................................... 107 3.2.3. A Court of Chancery e a atividade jurisdicional do Chancellor ..................... 109 3.2.4. Princípios diretores da equity : maxims of equity ............................................. 117 3.3. OS ANTECEDENTES DOS TRUSTS : OS USES ................................................................. 125 3.4. A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DOS USES EM TRUSTS : STATUTE OF USES 1536 ........................ 131 4. CONCLUSÃO .................................................................................................................. 138 APÊNDICE I ........................................................................................................................ 142 APÊNDICE II....................................................................................................................... 143 ÍNDICE DE AUTORES ...................................................................................................... 148 ÍNDICE DE FONTES................................................................. Erro! Indicador não definido. BIBLIOGRAFIA.................................................................................................................. 172 2 Principais abreviaturas AJLH = American Journal of Legal History All ER = All England Law Reports – England & Wales All ER Rep = All England Law Reports Reprint – England & Wales All ER Rep Ext = All England Law Reports Reprint – Australian Extension Volumes – Australia App Cas = Law Reports – Appeal Cases – England & Wales BGB = Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch Bl Comm = Commentaries on the Laws of England BNB = Bracton’s Note Book Bracton = De legibus et consuetudinibus Angliae a C. = Codex Iustinianus – P. KRÜGER , in Corpus iuris civilis II , 11 ed., Berlin, Weidmann, 1954 CC = Código Civil Ch = Law Reports – Chancery Division (3 rd series) – England & Wales Ch App = Law Reports – Chancery Appeal Cases – England & Wales Ch D = Law Reports – Chancery Division (2 nd series) – England & Wales CLR = Commonwealth Law Reports – Austrália Co Litt = A Commentary Upon Littleton Co Rep = Coke’s King’s Bench Reports – England & Wales Cod. Dipl. = Codex Diplomaticus Aevi Saxonici Cro Eliz = Croke’s King’s Bench Reports – England & Wales D. = Digesta – T. MOMMSEN e P. KRÜGER , in Corpus iuris civilis I , 16ª ed., Belin, Weidmann, 1954 DCFR = Draft Common Frame of Reference East = East’s Term Reports – King’s Bench – England & Wales ED = Enciclopedia del diritto (Milano) EHR = The English Historical Review (Oxford) Eq Rep = Common Law & Equity Reports – England & Wales ER = English Reports – England & Wales Fleta = Fleta seu Commentarius Juris Anglicani 3 Flor. Epit. = Epitome Rerum Romanorum Fortescue = De laudibus legum Angliae Gai. = Gai institutiones – J. BAVIERA , in FIRA II Glanvill = Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae Hare = Hare’s Chancery Reports – England & Wales Hist. Rames. = Historia Ramesiensis Inst. = Institutiones Iustiniani – P. KRÜGER , in Corpus Iuris Civilis I , 16ª ed., Berlin, Weidmann, 1954 Lib. Feod. = Liber Feodorum – Testa de Nevill Lib. Papiens. = Liber Papiensis seu Liber Legum Langobardorum Litt = Littleton’s Tenures LR Eq = Law Reports – Equity Cases – England & Wales LR QB = Law Reports – Queen’s Bench (1 st series) – England & Wales MGH = Monumenta Germaniae Histórica NDI = Nuovo digesto italiano (Torino) OED = Oxford English Dictionary OJLS = Oxford Journal of Legal Studies OLD = Oxford Latin Dictionary Pauli sent. = Pauli sententiae QB = Law Reports – Queen’s Bench (3rd series) – England & Wales QB D = Law Reports – Queen’s Bench Division – England & Wales Stat. = Statute Swans = Swanston’s Chancery Reports – England & Wales TR = Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis – Revue d’histoire du droit – The Legal History Review (Harlem) UKPC = United Kingdom Privy Council – Commonwealth Vern = Vernon’s Chancery Reports – England & Wales Ves = Vesey Chancery Reports – England & Wales ZRG = Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte (Weimar) 4 1. ASPECTOS PRELIMINARES E METODOLÓGICOS* Antes de iniciar a leitura da pesquisa propriamente dita, convém destacar alguns aspectos acerca do tema escolhido. Em primeiro lugar, convém destacar que o aspecto substancial da pesquisa corresponde à análise dos componentes estruturais e terminológicos dos direitos reais no direito inglês, tema já discutido pela literatura comparatística, contudo pouco aprofundado no que diz respeito ao estudo das fontes inglesas sobre o tema 1. * Em relação aos aspectos formais da metodologia adotada, seguimos as orientações indicadas em E. C. SILVEIRA MARCHI , Guia de Metodologia Jurídica (Teses, Monografias e Artigos), Lecce, Grifo, 2001, pp. 179- 235 e 291-315, com as ressalvas feitas, em razão do tema escolhido, na nota 7 infra . Assim, as citações bibliográficas seguem o padrão internacional franco-italiano adotado pela literatura científica jurídica, particularmente pelos romanistas. A citação dos nomes científicos de juristas brasileiros, ibéricos e latino-americanos, no entanto, merece um tratamento diferenciado, dadas as suas peculiaridades. A grande importância dada ao prenome das pessoas na literatura pátria, bem como a inclusão do apelido materno ao lado do patronímico na península ibérica, torna difícil a padronização das citações numa obra científica, forçando o pesquisador a optar entre a maior clareza para o leitor nacional e a uniformização e coerência na técnica de citação. Para contornar essa dificuldade, os autores nacionais, ibéricos e sul-americanos serão citados, nas notas de rodapé, do modo como são conhecidos na literatura dos seus respectivos países, de modo a facilitar sua identificação pelo leitor. Na bibliografia final, no entanto, serão citados de acordo com os padrões internacionais de citação, de modo a atender à necessidade de padronização científica. No que diz respeito à citação de fontes jurídicas inglesas, tanto jurisprudenciais ( case law ) quanto legais (statutes ), adotamos o padrão estabelecido em S. MEREDITH e D. NOLAN (ed.), Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities , 4ª ed., Oxford, Oxford University, 2010, pp. 3-50, disponível em formato eletrônico in http://www.law.ox.ac.uk/publications/oscola.php [16-02-2011]. 1 As principais obras ou artigos de direito comparado que tratam do tema com alguma profundidade são (em ordem cronológica de publicação): K. E. GÜTERBOCK , Henricus de Bracton und sein Verhältniss zum römischen Rechte: Ein beitrag zur geschichte des römischen rechts in mittelalter , Berlin, Springer, 1862, trad. ing. de B. Coxe, Bracton and His Relation to Roman Law: A Contribution to the History of the Roman Law in the Middle Ages , Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1866, pp. 13-175; P. LEPAULLE , Civil Law Substitutes for Trusts , in Yale Law Journal 36 (1926-1927), pp. 1126-1147; P. LEPAULLE , Traite theorique et pratique des trusts en droit interne en droit international , Paris, Rousseau, 1932, pp. 1-442; M. RHEINSTEIN , Some Fundamental Differences in Real Property Ideas of the “Civil Law” and the Common Law Systems , in University of Chicago Law Review , 3 (1935-1936), pp. 624-635; W. W. BUCKLAND e A. D. MCNAIR , Roman Law and Common Law – A Comparison in Outline , Cambridge, Cambridge University, 1936, pp. 1-341; R. DAVID , Les grands systèmes du droit contemporains , 3ª ed., Paris, Dalloz, 1969, pp. 1-648 ; K. ZWEIGERT e H. KÖTZ
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