Abbott, CJ, 276–277 Abridgement

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12227-7 - Law and Authority in British Legal History, 1200–1900 Edited by Mark Godfrey Index More information

INDEX

Abbott, CJ, 276–277 Antiquity & Original of the Court of Abridgement (Fitzherbert), 73 Chancery (Snagg), 50–51 absolute power, 36–37, 38, 43 Archbishop of Cologne, 212, 216, Adam 223 dominion over Eve, 197–198 Archeion, 42–45, 50 as world’s ﬁrst ruler, 200 Archeion (Lambarde), 37–39 Adam of Redlingfeld, 7 Argumentum ab Auctoritate, 62–69 Adgore, Gregory, 30 Aristotle, 62, 63, 70 adultery, 129–132, 133–134, 135, Ashley, Francis, 58–59 136–137, 138 Asinio, 67 Against Aristogeiton (Demosthenes), assize, of novel disseisin, 9–10 103 Atkin, Lord, 290 Alanus, 195 Atwood v. Small, 244 Alciato, Andreas, 112 auctor,72 Alighieri, Dante, 158 auctoritates,62 Amphiteatrum Legale (1690), 61 Augustine, Saint, 65 Ancient Law (Maine), 321 Austin, John, 293–328 Anglo-Hanseatic relations on Bentham, 300 (1474–1603), 170–191 on common law, 313–314 Bremen conference (1603), 170–178 common views with Maitland, 299 consultations by Louvain jurists on feudalism, 303–304 (1553), 182–186 on general jurisprudence, 313, Hanseatic memorandum, 186–190 314–315 arguments on privileges in, 189 historical law and, 299–300 closing pages, 188 on historical school of ﬁrst part of, 187 jurisprudence, 300 legal concepts and principles in, inconsistencies in arguments, 295 188–189 on judiciary law, 311–312 second part of, 187 on jurisprudence, 323–326 technical legal register of, 190 Maitland’s criticisms of, 295–318 traditional legal thinking in, 188 ahistoricism, 303 King’s subjection to civil law in, 178, Constitutional History of England 179–182 lecture and, 297, 303, 309–310 legal arguments in support of Hanse, Encyclopaedia Britannica article 178–179 and, 296–297, 299–301, Utrecht Peace Treaty (1474), 305–308, 315 170–178 English law and, 307

329

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12227-7 - Law and Authority in British Legal History, 1200–1900 Edited by Mark Godfrey Index More information

330 index

Austin, John (cont.) family’s pursuit of claims, 212–213 History of English Law footnote, refuge in France, 212 297 Baron de Bode’s Case, 212–249 in Introduction to translation of claim before the commissioners, Gierke, 298, 300, 308 214–222 on manorial courts, 325–326 Clement’s claim, 216–222 on positive law, 294 commissioners for claims on on Roman law, 305–306 France, 214–216 on sovereign command model of Convention 7 and, 214 law, 312 Convention 13 and, 214 on sovereignty, 294–295, 308–309, claimincommonlawcourts, 324–326 236–247 use of language and terminology, mandamus, 237–238 315–318 petition of right in, 238–244 Austin’s Case,79 return to parliament, 244–247 Austria, 231 political pressure in, 222–236 authority, 60–84 Clement’s debts/desperation and, arguments from, 62–69 234–236 in England, 69–74 on Hill’s select committee, in Middle Ages, 62–69 227–234 of Chancery, 33–59 on Treasury, 223–227 before late 1570s, 35–41 Bartolus of Sassoferrato, 63, 94 conciliar, in Scotland, 140–169 Basilikon doron (James VI), 140, 162, historical perspective, 141–150 163, 165 juridical perspective, 150–158 Bassynwayt v. Mannoke,27 theological perspective, bastardy, 136 159–169 Bate, William, 11 of law, 71 Beaton,David,125 of medieval and modern lawyers, Beaumont v. Cavell,25 64 Bell, Thomas, 69 necessary vs. probable, 64 Bellon, Jean, 64 precedent and, 74–83 Benett v. Hert,27 of Roman jurists, 64 Benn, Anthony, 55–56 Bentham, Jeremy, 300 Babell, Robert, 25 Bergen, 173 Bacon, Francis, 40 Bigelow, Melville, 298 Bacon, Nicholas, 39, 41 Bill of Rights (1689), 251 Baker, J.H., 13, 275, 283 Board of Customs, 254 Baldus de Ubaldis, 94 Board of Customs and Excise, 257 Baldwin, Charles, 225, 226–227 Board of Excise, 254 Baldwyn, Anne, 25 Board of Inland Revenue, 254 Baldwyn, John, 25 Board of Stamps, 254 Baldwyn v. Marmyon,25 Board of Stamps and Taxes, 255–256 Balfour, James, 125–126 Board of Taxes, 254 Banyster v. Trussel (1596), 79 Bodin, Jean, 34 Baron, Eguinare, 112–115 and controversy of 1615/16, 54–59 Baron de Bode on equity, 52 death of, 212–213 on estates of England, 49

index 331

inﬂuence on contradictions with Roman law, Ashley, 58–59 94–95 Benn, 55–56 judicial discretion and, 157–158 James I, 56–58 Kirk’s rejection of, 126 on oath of kings, 49 learned laws and, 94 Republique, 45–48, 57 on marriage, 135, 137 Boece, Hector, 142, 143 minor non tenetur and, 92–93 Bohier, Nicolas, 68 mos Italicus and, 95 Bonard, Alfred de, 239 pre-Tridentine, 121, 124–125, 138 Book of Rates, 253 privilegium fori in, 93–94 boule, 146 on reconciliation, 136–137 Boulston’s Case,80 Scots consistorial law and, 121, 127, Bourdieu, James, 228 128–129 Boyd, Ker & Co., 215 use by Scots lawyers prior to 1560s, Brabazon, Roger, 7 90 Bracton, 69, 71, 303 Cantiuncula, Claudius, 65 Brende v. Odemse,25 Carion, Johann, 207 Breton, William, 26 Carpzov, Benedict, 69 Brewster v. Grene,27 Caryll, John, 25 Brooke, Richard, 25 Case of Commendams,58 Brougham, Lord, 244 Case of Impositions on Cloth, The Brown v. Howseden,31 (1559), 36–37 Brudenell, Robert, 23 Case of the Marshalsea, The, 77, 78–79, Brudenell v. Worsop,23 82 Bruges conferences (1520–21), 171 Castlereagh, Viscount, 214 Buchanan, George, 141–148 Catholic Church, 86, 120, 122, 124 on lords of session, 154–155 Cellarius, Christoph, 209 Rerum Scoticarum historia, 141–148, Chalke, William, 26 166 Chalmers, David, 87, 100, 143 Buckley v. Thomas (1555), 75 onconfusionoftextsinmedieval Buckmaster, Lord, 289 laws, 101–102 Bude,´ 67 Dictionary of Scotch Law, 100 Bunting v. Lepingwell,81 Epistles, 100, 105–107 Burge, William, 278 on learning and history of Scots law, Burn, Richard, 278 107–110 Burrow, John, 301 Chancellor Byrne & Co. v. Leon van Tienhoven & absolute power and, 36–37 Co. (1880), 281 analogy between Roman praetor Byrne v. Leon van Tienhoven & Co., and, 46 287, 288 authority of, 50–51 equitable powers of, 47 Caccialupi, Giovanni Battista, as instrument of King’s prerogative, 63 40–41, 44 Callistratus, 151, 152 King’s conscience and, 51 Calvin’s Case, 218 Lambarde’s view on powers of, Cambridgeshire eyre (1286), 4, 8 44 canon law, 36–37, 120. See also law petition of right and, 238–244 on bastardy, 136, 137 Snagg’s view on, 50–51

332 index

Chancery Colebrooke, Henry, 283–291 absolute power and, 36–37 Colgate v. Blyth (1586), 80 authority of, 33–51, 59 College of Justice, 89, 91, 94, 105, 107, before late 1570s, 35–41 110, 141 in controversy of 1615/16, 54–59 commandments of God, 132 emergence of jurisdiction with Commendator of St Andrews Priory v. prerogative, 36 Bishop of Dunkeld (1542), as keeper of king’s conscience, 51 93–94 per legem terrae requirements of commentaria bipertita, 113 Magna Carta, compliance with, Commentaries (Plowden), 73 50 Commissaries of Edinburgh, 121–122, prerogative from 1578, 41–52 124, 127–128 Lambarde’s view, 42–48 Divorce Act and, 134 Morice’s reading of, 48–50 as inheritor of consistorial Snagg’s reading of, 50–51 jurisdication of Catholic prerogative in 1595–1615, 51, 52–53 Church, 138 Chancery bills, 14 jurisdiction, 128–129 Charnock v. Worsley,76 law of God and, 131–132 Cheyney v. Godfrey,52 Scottish Protestant divorce and, Chronica (Carion), 207 129–131 Church of Scotland Commissioners of Woods and Forests, consistorial jurisdiction, 120, 123, 224, 225 124 Common Bench case, 2, 5, 8–9 law of God and, 131–132 common law reconciliation and, 136 Austin’s views on, 307, 313–314 Cicero, 62, 149 authority of law and, 71 civil law Chancellor’s authority and, 44 Anglo-Hanseatic relations and, civil law and, 160–161 178–179, 180, 184 courts, 54, 56–57 canon law and, 127, 153 equity and, 161 commmon law and, 160–161 freehold land and, 15 conscience and, 141–148 role of authorities in, 82 in France, 113, 153 vs.statute,11 ius gentium and, 160–161 statutory remedy to, 5 James I on, 160–161 unwritten, 46 King’s subjection to, 178, 179–182 common pleas, 1 in Scotland, 155, 156–157, 168 common property, 194–195 Utrecht Peace Treaty and, 183–185 medicine as, 257 claims, pre-1154, 2 natural law and, 195 Cockburn, Alexander, 92–93 negative, 205 Cokayn,Francis,23 communia negativa, 205 Coke, Edward, 73, 76–77, 78, 79, 163 communis opinio,65 on argument from authority, 80–82 Compagnie des Salines de l’Est, Commentary on Littleton,81 217 dismissal as Chief Justice, 33 Compendium of the Laws of Scotland Eighth Reports,58 (Chalmers), 87 Fourth Reports,81 conscience, of king/monarch, 51 Third Reports, 80, 82 Constitutio Deo Auctore (Justinian), Cole v. Rawe,21 102–103

index 333

Constitutional History of England, 297, Demosthenes, 103 309–310 Denman, George, 246, 247 copyhold land, 25–26 Denman, Lord, 240, 241–242 Corpus Iuris Canonici, 135–136 Derry v. Peek, 289 Corpus Iuris Civilis, 94–95, 97, 106, Dialogus, 145, 147, 149 109, 153 Dibb v. Brooke & Sons (1894), 274 Corpus Iuris (Justinian), 63–64 Dicey, Albert Venn, 322–323 Cottenham, Lord, 239 Dictionary of Scotch Law (Chalmers), Count de Wall’s Case, 229 87, 100 CourtofCommonPleas,75 Digest of Justinian, 92, 108, 137, 138, Courte of Chauncerye, 38 146, 163 Cox v. Troy (1822), 276–277, 288 Digest of the Law of Contracts (Leake), Craig, Thomas, 127, 150–158 287 on custom as source of law, 152–153 Direction or Preparative to the Study of Ius feudale, 127, 166 the Law (Fulbeck), 73–74, 80 on juridical discretion, 157–158 divorce, 120, 121, 124, 129–131, on lords of session, 154–157 133–134, 135, 136–137 on treatment of feudal land tenure, Divorce Act of 1573, 133–134 153–154 Doctor and Student (St. German), 35, Cranworth, Lord, 245 73 Crawfurd v. Crawfurd (1564), 136 Doctor Leyfield’s Case,79 Cromwell, Henry, 39 Dodderidge, John, 82 Donoghue v. Stevenson (1932), 289–290 Dalton v. Bishop of Ely,80 Dormand v. Langham,21 Danzig, 182–186 dower case, in 1291, 8–9 Darnall, Edith, 27 Drew v. Chalke,26 Darwin, Charles, 300 Drummond, James, 228–229 Davison, Christopher, 22, 27 Drummond’s Case, 230 Dawborne v. Garbrand (1595), 52–53 Duchy of Lancaster, 53 Dawson, John, 67 Dudley, Edmund, 25 de Afflictis, Matthaeus, 66 Duke of Burgundy, 175 de Donis,6 Duke of Wellington, 214–216, 234 De imperandi authoritate, et Christiana Dunlop v. Brown (1564/5), 135 obedientia, libri quatuor (Sara), Duxbury, Neil, 280, 281–282 197 Dyer’s Reports, 77, 79 De iure belli (Gentili), 188 de Leeuw, Elbert, 182 Earl of Northumberland’s Case, The,80 De Natura Legis Naturae (Fortescue), Ebden v. Paris,21 36 Ecclesiastical Law (Burn), 278 De quattuor summis imperiis Edgell v. Day (1865), 274 (Sleidanus), 207 Edward I, 2, 174 De Richelieu, Duke, 214–216, 217 Edward the Confessor, 69 De statu hominum naturali Edward VI, 171, 179 (Pufendorf), 202–204 Egerton, Thomas, 79 Decisiones (de Afflictis), 66 Egerton v. Tychet,31 Decretals of Gregory IX, 135–136, Eighth Reports (Coke), 58 138 ekklesia, 146 Decretum (Gratian), 194–195 Eldon, Lord, 278

334 index

Elizabeth, 40 Ferrers, Edward, 23 Hanse’s delegates and, 178 Fettiplace, Thomas, 25 Ellenborough, Lord, 277 Filmer, Robert Ellesmere, Lord, 51, 78, 164 on Adam as ﬁrst ruler, 200 Empson, William, 227 Patriarcha, 198–199 Encyclopaedia Britannica, 296–297, Finlaison, John, 235 299–301, 305–308, 315 First Book of Discipline, 131 England, arguments from authority in, Fitzherbert, Anthony, 73 69–74 Fleming v. Fleming (1569), 137 Engleﬁeld’s Case,73 Floren, 67 English law, authority of treatises in, Follett, William, 228, 231, 232 274–292 Fonblanque, John, 230–231, 232 English Lawyer, The (Dodderidge), Fontana, Agostino, 61 82 Fortescue, J., 36 English Utilitarians, The (Leslie), 318 Foster v. Wheeler (1887), 280 Epistles (Chalmers), 100, 105–107 Fountain, William, 25 equitable jurisdiction, 140–169 France, 67 equity commissioners for claims on, Bodin’s discussion of, 52 214–216 Chancery and, 35–41 laws, 112–115, 155–156 civil law and, 156–157 Francogallia (Hotman), 149 commmon law and, 161, 299–300 Frederick, Charles Auguste Louis. See French law and, 155–156 Baron de Bode jurisdiction and, 51, 52–53 Frederick, Clement, 212–213, 216 justice and, 94 debts and desperation of, 234–236 law and, 55–56 nationality of, 246 legal truth and, 97 pressure on Treasury, 223–227 lex terrae and, 58–59 Frederick, Clement (younger), minor non tenetur rule and, 91 212–213, 243, 247 natural, 163, 166 Frederick, William, 235 prerogative explanation for, 41–52 freehold land, 20–25 reason, 154 active uses of, 18 reason and, 106–107, 109, 115 French law, 112–115, 155–156 Roman law and, 109, 163 Frodshame v. Lundysche,30 sovereignty and, 47, 54 Frowyk, Thomas, 73 Esher, Lord, 281 Fry, Edward, 283 Essex, William, 23 Fulbeck, William, 73–74, 80 Eston, John, 21 Fundamenta juris naturae Everaerts, Nicolas, 64, 65 (Thomasius), 205 Exchequer Chamber, 243 Exposition of the Kinges Prerogative,73 Galen, 70 Eyre, Stephen, 26 Gammarus, Peter, 64 general jurisprudence, 313, 314–315 Farmer v. Glyn-Jones, 259–260, 263, Gentili, Alberico, 74, 80, 188 267, 269 Germany, 67 Feeld, Robert, 26 Gierke, O., 298 Feeld v. Breton,26 Gifford, Lord, 221 feoffments, 15, 21–22, 29 Girardot, Marie, 221

index 335

Gisborne, Thomas, 233 royal grants to German merchants, Gisze, George, 175 173–174 Glorious Revolution, 228 submission to civil law, 178–179 Gloucester (1278), statute of, 5 Harcourt, Vernon, 246 c.4, 4, 5 Hardy v. Rutherford, 130–131 Glyn-Jones, William, 259–260 Harvey,Gabriel,54 Gorla, Gino, 60 Hatton, Christopher, 51 governmental power, 192–211 Hengham, CJ, 10 biblical past and, 206–211 Henry I, 1 natural law and, 194–195 Henry II, 1 natural state and, 202–206 Henry III, 6 sacred history and, 196–201 Henry VII, 25 universal history and, 206–211 Henry VIII, 171, 178–179 Grant, William, 232 Henryson, Edward, 100, 126 Gratian, 194–195 onconfusionoftextsinmedieval Greenlands v. Wilmhurst (1913), laws, 101–102 279 Preface, 100, 102–105 Gregory, Saint, 65 Hermogenian, 151 Gregory IX, 135–136 Hervy, George, 20 Greynfeld, Thomas, 21 Hill, Matthew Davenport, 227–234, Guildhall, 174 237, 241 Hill v. Reardon, 221 habeas corpus,53 Hippocrates, 63, 70 Hales v. Sheriffs of London,27 Hispanus, Laurentius, 195, 201 Hall, John, 22, 27 Historia sine parente (Ludewig), Hamilton, John, 124–125 208–209 Hamilton v. Maxwell & Lindsay, 137 Historia universalis (Cellarius), 209 Hannibal, 142 Historiae Philippicae (Trogus), 142 Hanse History of English Law (Maitland), 297, conflict with English commercial 302, 323–324 interests, 172 Hobbes, Thomas, 193 English export trade and, 175 Holbein the Younger, 175 Hanseatic memorandum, 186–190 Holy Roman Empire, 177, 188 arguments on privileges in, 189 Homer, 63–64 closing pages, 188 Homo ante et post lapsem (Locke), 201 first part of, 187 Hooker, Richard, 199 legal concepts and principles in, Hotman, of François, 149 188–189 House of Commons, 40 second part of, 187 House of Lords, 39–40, 243 technical legal register of, 190 Howard, J., 7 traditional legal thinking in, 188 Howseden, William, 31 legal arguments in support of, Hummel, Matthew, 239 178–179 Huntington, John, 22 loss of privileges in England, 176 Hyll, John, 21 Louvain jurists, 182–186 mission for restoration of privileges, Impey, Elijah, 215 176 In re Wellborne, 280 origins of, 173 Incest Act of 1567, 132

336 index

individual property, divine creation of, of Church of Scotland, 120, 123, 124, 195–196 138 Inglis, Robert, 224 of Commissaries of Edinburgh, 121, Inland Revenue Laboratory, 254 128–129 Insolvent Debtors Court, 235 consistorial, 120, 123, 124, 138 Institutes of Gaius, 306 equitable, 140–169 Institutiones Jurisprudentiae Divinae of lords of session, 89, 155, 156–157 (Thomasius), 205–206 Papal Jurisdiction Act of 1560, 129, Institutions of the Law of Scotland 132–133 (Stair), 166–167 seignorial, 325–326 inter vivos arrangement, 21–22, 28 Summary Jurisdiction Acts, 267 Introduction and Notes to Sir Henry jurisprudence, historical school of, 300 Maine’s ‘Ancient Law’ (Pollock), Justinian, 106 320 Constitutio Deo Auctore, 102–103 Introduction to the History of the Corpus Iuris, 63–64 Principal Kingdoms and States of Europe, An (Pufendorf), Kekewich, Arthur, 280, 283 207 King of England Isidor of Seville, 193 absolute power and, 36–37 ius commune, 63–64, 96–98, 106–107 Chancery as keeper of king’s Ius Feudale (Craig), 127, 150–158, conscience, 51 166 subjection to civil law, 178, 179–182 ius gentium, 106 King’s Bench, 1, 7 ius scriptum, 108 Kirk, 120, 123, 138 Ives, E.W., 13 Knight v. Boughton (1844), 278 Kuttner, Stephan, 195 James I, 40–41, 51, 56–58 Kynnersley, Thomas, 212 Basilikon doron, 162, 163, 165 on civil law, 160–161 Lambarde, William, 37–39 on lords of session, 159, 161–162 analogy between Chancellor and Trew Law of Free Monarchies, Roman praetor, 46 160 Archeion, 42–48, 50 James II, 228 prerogative model of Chancery, 52 James V, 92 Langslow, Robert, 234 James VI, 140 law Jane Tyrrel’s Case (1557), 18 authority of, 71 Jarman, Thomas, 278 canon. See canon law Jenner, Herbert, 229, 230 common law. See common law Jessel, George, 282 French, 112–115, 155–156 John of Berwick, 8 medieval laws in 1566, 100–110 John of Bredicot, 8–9 natural. See natural law John XXII, Pope, 197 out-of-date, 101–102 judicial interpretation, in the late past and present law, 313 thirteenth and early fourteenth positive, 294 centuries, 1–12 property. See property law judiciary law, 310 Roman. See Roman law jurisdiction, 18–19 sovereign command model of, 312 of Chancery, 36, 38, 39, 40, 51, law of God, 131–132, 138 52–53, 56, 57 Law of Oblivion, 122, 123, 129

index 337

Leake, Stephen, 287 jurisdiction of, 89, 155, 156–157 Lee v. Byrde,23 medieval laws and, 100 legal authorities, as instruments of minor non tenetur rule and, 91, 92 conﬂict managememt, 170–191 Lords of the Congregation (Scotland), legislation 122 Divorce Act. See Divorce Act of Louet, Georges, 68 1573 Lovetot, John de, 3 force of lex and, 66 Low Countries, 173, 176, 182 judicial interpretation of, 1–12 Ludewig, Johann Peter, 208–209 judiciary law and, 294 Lushington, 229 in late thirteenth and early Lutheranism, 126 fourteenth century England, Lyndhurst, Lord, 244, 245, 278 1–12 Medicine Stamp Act (1812). See Mackenzie, George, 147 Medicine Stamp Act (1812) MacMillan, Lord, 289–290 out-of-date, 101–102 Magna Carta, 1 of Reformation Parliament, 128, dower case and, 8–9 132–133, 148 per legem terrae requirements of, science of, 294 50 in Scotland, 85–119 plea roll enrolment and, 10–11 of Scottish kings, 143 Maine, Henry, 318–323 subordinate, 311–312 Ancient Law, 321 in Tudor times, 13 on development of family, Leicestershire eyre (1284), 10 323–324 Lent parliament of 1299, 8 on family as corporation, 322 Leoninus, Elbertus, 182 on historical development, 320 Leslie, John (Bishop of Ross), 87, 100, Maitland’s criticisms of, 318–323 143 Maitland, Frederic William, 293–328 lettres de jussion, 114 on command view of law, 310 lex Regia, 108 common views with Austin, 299 lex terrae,58 criticisms of Austin, 295–318 libri Feudorum,94 ahistoricism, 303 limitation dates, 1–2 Constitutional History of England Westminster I statute (1275), 2 lecture and, 297, 303, 309–310 Lindley, 281 Encyclopaedia Britannica article lit de justice, 114 and, 296–297, 299–301, Little, Clement, 126 305–308, 315 Littleton, Thomas de, 73 English law, 307 Locke, John, 199–201 History of English Law footnote, Lodge v. Lysely (1832), 277 297 Lord Chancellor. See chancellor in Introduction to translation of Lord Dacre’s Case (1535), 15 Gierke, 298, 300, 308 Lord Daubeney v. Osgood,23 Roman law, 305–306 lords of session, 89, 98–100 criticisms of Maine, 318–323 attitudes to local laws prior to 1556, Forms of Action lectures, 302, 304 98–100 on general jurisprudence, 313, canon law and, 93–94 314–315 ius commune and, 97 on importance of courts other than James I on, 159, 161–162 king’s, 325

338 index

Maitland, Frederic William (cont.) interpretation of provisions in judgements on inﬂuence of past extra-statutory concession, legal developments, 302 257–262 on judiciary law, 311–312 internal or external use, 255 on jurisprudence, 323–326 proprietary right, 256–257 ‘Law of Real Property’, 307 recommendation for relief of letters human ailments, 255–256 Bigelow, 298 schedules, 255 to Dicey, 322–323 medicine stamp duty, 250–273 to Pollock, 296–297, 319–320 administrative action, 254–262 to Sidgwick, 296, 324 bureaucratic law-making and, to Stephen, 296 266–270 on past and present law, 313 legality of revenue practice in, on property law, 326 263–266 on Roman law, 305–306 overview, 250–251 on sovereignty, 308–309, 324–326 quack medicines and, 252–253 use of language and terminology, statutory framework, 251–253 315–318 Melanchton, Philip, 207 Maitland, Richard, 100 Melbourne, Lord, 236 Maitland, Robert, 126 Mennwenek, Thomas, 21 Maitland, Thomas, 144 Mennwenek v. Wylgarn,21 Mannoke, John, 26 Merchants Adventurers, 176, 177, Margery, widow of Philip of Bredicot, 186–187 8–9 Merlin, Philippe Antoine, 226 Marlborough (1267), statute of, c. 28 Mertlage, 71 of, 3 Michaelmas, 2, 53, 58, 76 marriage, 120, 121 Middle Temple, 17 bastardy and, 133 Middlesex eyre, action of cosinage in canon law on, 135 (1274), 3 irregular, 135 Milan, 67 payment of money in, 27 Mill, John Stuart, 306 Marriage Act of 1567, 132–134 Milsom, Stroud Francis, 326 Martin, Andrew, 227 minor non tenetur rule, 91, 92 Martin v. Marhsall (1615), 53 Moile v. Kirton,20 martyrology, 71 monarch, conscience of, 51 Mary, Queen of Scots, 85, 87, 105, 121, Montagu Chambers, 245 128 Monteagle, Lord, 245 Mary of Guise, 86 Moore, Francis, 51, 73 MaryTudor,QueenofFrance,176 More, John, 23 Mashh, William, 21 More, Thomas, 179 McClachelan v. Laird of Lewmond More chancellorship (1529–32), 14 (1547), 99 More v. Eyre,26 Medicine Stamp Act (1812), 250–273 More v. Kyrkeham,20 extra-statutory concessions, 257–262 Morice, James, 41–42, 48–50 bulk purchase of medicines, on oath of kings, 49 257–258 Morley, Thomas, 70 dispensing concessions, 258 Morton v. Morton, 133 statutory exemptions, 259–262 mos Gallicus, 112

index 339

mos Italicus, 94–97, 102–105, 107 Reformation, 123, 128, Moses, 153 132–133 Motives concerning Romish Faith and revenue practice and, 263–266 Religion (Bell), 69 tax law and, 251 Mudaeus, Gabriel, 182 Parr v. Wanton,20 paternal monarchies, 199 Naples, 66, 67 Patriarcha (Filmer), 198–199 Natura Brevium,77 personal property, uses of, 18–19 Natural History of Society (Smith), Philip II, 176 209 Philip of Bredicot, 8–9 natural law, 117, 118, 194–195 Phillimore, Joseph, 227, 237 common property and, 195 Piedmont, 66, 67 governmental power and, Pilkington’s Case, 220 194–195 plea rolls, 10–11 learned laws and, 155 Plowden, Edmund, 72, 73 postlapsarian, 195 Plummer, Thomas, 275–276 property rights and, 195, 201 Pollock, Frederick, 280–281, 282, Roman law and, 182 286–287, 288–291, 296–297, sacred history and, 204, 205 319–320 natural law and, 195 Pomponius, 151, 152 negative common property, 205 Portugal, 67 Netherlands, 67 positive law, 294 Nicholas of Stillingﬂeet v. Parnel de postnati, 163, 164 Coygners, 6–7 Pothier, Robert Joseph, 229, 276–277, Norman, William, 21 286, 287–288 Northamptonshire eyre, action of power, 36–37 annual rent in (1285), 3–4 Practicks (Sinclair), 90, 94–99 Novgorod, 173 Praerogativa Regis, 41–42 praetorian prefecture, 113 Observations on the Acts of Parliament precedent, 74–83 (Mackenzie), 147 preeminence, 48 O’Connell, Daniel, 233 Preface (Henryson), 100, 102–105 Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Polity Prerogativa Regis,73 (Hooker), 199 prerogative, 41–52 Old Natura Brevium,73 from 1578, 41–52 ordinary power, 36–37 Lambarde’s view, 42–48 Morice’s reading of, 48–50 Papal Jurisdiction Act of 1560, 129, Snagg’s reading of, 50–51 132–133 in 1595–1615, 51, 52–53 Pardessus, Jean, 276 in controversy of 1615/16, 54–59 Paris, Philip, 22 emergence of Chancery’s Parlement, 114 jurisdiction with, 36 Parliament pre-eminence and, 48 authority of, 13–32 property law and, 34 Baron de Bode’s Case in, 240 types of, 37 LawofOblivionand,122 Principles of Contract (Pollock), Medicine Stamp Act (1812), 280–281, 287 252 privilege, 188

340 index

Privy Council, 122, 123, 124 rex in regno suo est imperator principle, claims on France and, 215 105–106, 109 Clement’s claims and, 220–222, 237, Rhineland, 173 244, 246 Richmond, Thomas, 219 Commissaries of Edinburgh and, Robert of Nailston, 11 130, 138 Rodger, Alan (Baron Rodger of Drummond’s claims and, 228–229 Earlsferry), 289–290 Hanseatic privileges and, 176 RogerofMerseaandhiswifeIsabelv. unsettled claims and, 225, 227 Joan the wife of Robert Cope,10 probouleuma, 146 Rolfe, Robert, 233 Proclamation of Leith, 123 Roman law Proﬁtable Book,73 consistorial law and, 121 property law contradictions with canon law, formsofactionand,304 94–95 Maitland’s view of, 314, 326 Eguinare Baron on, 110–117 prerogatives and, 34 equity and, 109, 299–300 Prostestant Reformers, 86 learned laws and, 94 prudentium auctoritas, 163 Maitland’s vs. Austin’s views on, Pufendorf, Samuel, 196 305–306 De statu hominum naturali, minor non tenetur and, 92–93 202–204 mos Italicus and, 95 Introduction to the History of the vs. Scot laws, 107–110 Principal Kingdoms and States Romanus, Aegidus, 165 of Europe, An, 207 Rommilly, Samuel, 218 Purgatorio, 158 Romulus (founder of Rome), 108 Rondeau, Arthur, 228 quack medicines, 252–253 Rosenthal, Alexander, 200 Queen’s Advocate v. Morton (1543), 91 Rosentritt, G.C.H., 239 Queen’s Bench, 240, 241 Rota, 66 Quia Emptores of 1290, 9 Rowe, John, 21 Rowley, John, 26 R v. Ion, 279 Rowley v. Taylour,26 Ratcliff’s Case,76 Rule of Reason, The (Wilson), 70 ratio legis, 73–74 rebuc sic stantibus principle, 189 sacred history, 196–201 reconciliation, 136–137 Sacrum Consilium, 66, 68 Reformation crisis of 1559, 120, 123, Saham, J., 3–5 128 Sambach v. Dalston (1635), 17 Reformation Parliament (Scotland), Saravia, Adrian, 197 123, 128, 132–133 Savigny, Friedrich Carl von, 210 Regiam Majestatem, 90, 91 Scaccia, Sigismundo, 67 Reichskammergericht,67 scire facias,writof,7 Repertoire de Jurisprudence, 226 Scotland Republique (Bodin), 45–48, 57 conciliar authority in, 140–169 Rerum Scoticarum historia (Buchanan), historical perspective, 141–150 141–148, 166 juridical perspective, 150–158 Responsa Prudentum, 162, 163 theological perspective, 159–169 Rex Angliae, 179 consistorial law, 120–139

index 341

equitable jurisdication in, 140–169 of artists, 158 legal context prior to 1560s, 89–100 Austin’s views on, 294–295, ‘commoun law’, 91–94 308–309, 324–326 laws of Scottish realm, 91–94 equity and, 47, 54 Lords’ attitudes, 98–100 of king’s judges, 152 Sinclair’s Practicks, 94–98 law-making as indication of, 48 legislation and authority in, 85–119 legislative, 117, 118, 119, 168 medieval laws in 1566, 100–110 Maitland’s views on, 308–309, Chalmers’ Epistles and, 105–107 324–326 confusionoftexts,101 parliamentary, 243 Henryson’s Preface and, 102–105 positive law and, 294–295 history of, 107–110 power to amend laws and, 47, 48 problems of out-of-date laws, privilege principle and, 189 101–102 Renaissance notions of sovereignty, Protestant Reformers in, 86 88 Reformation, authority in, 110–117 Speach (James I), 56–58 clergy and nobility in, 115–117 Spring Rice, Thomas, 227, 233, 235 Scotorum historia (Boece), 142 St. German, Christopher, 35 Seaton v. Cockburns, 92–93 St. Leonards, Lord, 277, 280 seisin, 2, 326 Stair, Viscount, 166–167, 168 Septimius Severus, Emperor, 144 Stamp Commissioners, 254 Session Stanley, E.G., 224 canon law and, 93–94 Star Chamber, 161 as College of Justice, 89 statute 3 Hen. VII, c. 4 (1487), 16 ius commune and, 97 Statute of Enrolments (1536), 15–16 local laws and, 98–100, 118 Statute of Fines (1299), c. 1 of, 8 medieval laws and, 100 Statute of Marlborough, c. 29 of, 314 minor non tenetur rule and, 91, 92 Statute of Uses (1536), 13–32 Scot laws and, 116 active uses of freehold land and, 18 Shadwell, Launcelot, 222, 229 draftsman of, 16–17 Shelley’s Case,73 evidence of pleadings, 20–32 Sherard, George, 27 chattels personal, 26–27 Sherard, Thomas, 27 copyhold land, 25–26 Sherard v. Mayor of London,27 freehold land, 20–25 Sherrard, George, 22 terms of years, 25–26 Sherrard, Thomas, 22 express conveyances to uses and, 16 Sherrard v. Mayor of London,22 feoffments and, 15 Sidgwick, Henry, 296, 324 passive use of leases and, 17–18 Sinclair, John, 90, 94–99, 124 uses of personal property and, 18–19 Sir William Pelham’s Case,73 Statute of Westminster I (1275) Slade v. Drake, 78, 79 c. 38 of, 2 Slade’s Case, 76–77 c. 40 of, 5 Sleidanus, Johannes, 207 c. 50 of, 42–48 Smith, Adam, 209 Steelyard, 178, 186 Snagg, Robert, 41, 50–51 Stephen, Leslie, 296, 318 Antiquity & Original of the Court of Stevenson v. McLean (1880), 288 Chancery, 50–51 Stewart, Jane, 133 sovereignty, 189 Stowel v. Lord Zouch,72

342 index

Stukelegh v. Eston,21 Two Treatises on Government (Locke), Stumm v. Dixon & Co. (1889), 281 200 stylus curiae,68 Tyrrel’s Case (1557), 15 Suffolk eyre (1287), 10 Sugden, Edward B., 279 Union Bank v. Munster (1887), 280 Sugden’s Vendors and Purchasers, 274, Universal History from the Earliest 280 Account of Time (1730), 209 Summary Jurisdiction Acts, 267 Utrecht Peace Treaty (1474), 170–178, Symbolaeographia (West), 35 183–185, 187

tailzies, 99 van der Muyden, Gabriel, 182 Taylor, M.A., 224 Vaughell v. Gibbs,21 Tenterden, Lord, 276–277 Vigelius, Nicolas, 64 Tenures (Littleton), 73 Virgil, 63–64, 158 Tesauro, Antonio, 66, 67 Vogenauer, Stefan, 80 Thesifer, Frederick, 240 Vultejus, Hermann, 67 Thomas of Siddington, 3–4 Thomasius, Christian, 205–206 Waddington, H., 240 Thorne, Samuel, 326 Walsh, Robert, 23 Thornton v. Dick, 277 Warburton, Henry, 234 Thornton v. Sanderson, 136 Wars of the Congregation, 122 Toker, Walter, 21 Waterhouse v. Woodstreet (1597), 75 Toolbooth of Edinburgh, 128 West, William, 35, 38 Topica (Everaerts), 64, 65 Westminster I (1275), statute of, c. 39 Topica Legalia (Cantiuncula), 65 of, 2 Topics (Aristotle), 62 Westminster II (1285), statute of, 6 Tourneur, Timothy, 40–41, 56 c. 1 of, 10 Treasury, 223–227 c. 2 of, 7 Treatise on Obligations and Contracts, c. 45 of, 7 Part 1 (Colebrooke), 283 Westminster Review, 301 Treatise on Persons (Pothier), 229 Weyland, Thomas, 5 treatises Wheeler, John, 186–187 authority in English law in, 274–292 White, Stephen, 323–324 judicial caution in use of, 281–283 Whitsun, 1–2 living authors as authority in, Whyteley v. Hall,31 275–281 Wilde, Thomas (Lord Truro), 243 writers’ perspectives on, 283 Willcock, John, 136 Treaty of Commerce, 214–216 William I, 69 Treaty of Luneville´ (1801), 231 William of Ockham, 196 Treaty of Munster,¨ 226, 231, 240 William son of William de Ferrers v. Treaty of Paris (1814), 214–216 Henry le Porter and his wife Treaty of Westphalia, 231 Ismania,5 Tresham’s Case,73 Williams, Bishop, 51 Trew Law of Free Monarchies, 160 Williams, Ian, 75, 78 Trinity term (1291), 8–9 Williams, John, 275 Trogus, Pompeius, 142 Williams, Vaughnan, 274, 279 Truro, Lord, 243, 244 Willies, Edward, 235 Turner v. Turner (1819), 275–276 Wilshire, John, 24

index 343

Wilson, Thomas, 70 Wren v. Wetyngham,24 Wimbish v. Talboys,79 Wright, Lord, 290 Windsor, Anderew, 25 writ of right, claimant counts in, 1 Winram, John, 124–125 Wyse, Robert, 31 Withy v. Mangles (1843), 278 Wolsey, Cardinal, 180 Year Books, 71, 73, 77, 79 Wosley chancellorship (1515–29), 14 Yorkshire Banking Co. v. Beatson Wray,Christopher,17 (1879), 283