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Joint Strategic Needs Assessment

Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013

Summary The areas in the 10% lowest well-being score average: This factsheet highlights statistics and information on vulnerable children on the . These St Johns East A Osborne are groups at increased risk of social exclusion Source: and health inequalities compared with the rest of http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100410180038/http:/com the population. munities.gov.uk/publications/communities/childwellbeing2009

Vulnerable Children Referrals

During 2011-12 on the Isle of Wight there were Vulnerable children, such as those living in poverty 1,792 referrals to children’s social care services, a or in care, are at higher risk of poor health and rate of 685.4 per 10,000 children (aged under 18 other outcomes such as poor educational years). In comparison, the Island rate is higher attainment and poverty in adult life. These factors than both the South East (542.3) and influence the health and well-being of this age (533.5) averages. group. Rate of referrals completed by children's social services per 10,000 children (2011/12)

Safeguarding Windsor and West Safeguarding is the term used to describe the council’s activity to ensure that any reported abuse of vulnerable people is dealt with. This activity for adults is now reported to central government in the Milton Keynes shape of a national data return. The process for recording this activity and making it visible is in an early stage and exploration of trends and the Forest effectiveness of the service will need further development. England South East Children at Risk Reading Child Well-Being Index Isle of Wight According to the Child Well-Being Index 2009 (the most recent data available) there are 14 LSOAs in the 20% lowest well-being score average nationally (with two in the lowest 10%) where a 0 500 1000 1500 2000 child is likely to find themselves considered a child Rate per 10,000 children Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- in need. education/series/statistics-children-in-need (Table C1)

The areas in the 20% lowest well-being score average: Initial Assessments

Brading & St Helens B Sandown South B During 2011-12 on the Island children’s social care Carisbrooke West B Shanklin Central B services completed 536 Initial Assessments, a rate Mount Joy B Shanklin South B of 205.0 per 10,000 children (aged under 18 Pan A St Johns West A years). In comparison, the Island rate is higher Pan B Ventnor East A than both the South East (383.2) and England Ryde South West A Ventnor West B (398.1) averages.

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013

Rate of Initial Assessments completed per 10,000 children under 18 years). In comparison, the Island rate is (2011/12) below the South East (131.2) and England (109.9) Isle of Wight average. Windsor and Maidenhead Milton Keynes Rate of children subject to Section 47 enquiries per 10,000 children (2011/12) Oxfordshire Milton Keynes Wokingham Wokingham Buckinghamshire Hampshire Hampshire Buckinghamshire Surrey West Berkshire Portsmouth Oxfordshire Isle of Wight England Bracknell Forest West Sussex Medway Kent West Sussex Windsor and Maidenhead Slough Surrey Medway South East Reading Slough Southampton Portsmouth Brighton and Hove Kent East Sussex Reading 0 200 400 600 800 East Sussex Rate per 10,000 children Brighton and Hove Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- Southampton education/series/statistics-children-in-need (Table C1) 0 100 200 300 400 Rate per 10,000 children

The percentage of initial assessments completed Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- as a percentage of total referrals in 2011-12 on the education/series/statistics-children-in-need (Table C4)

Island was 29.9%. This is the lowest percentage in the South East region and below the South East Child Protection Plan (70.7%) and England (74.6%) averages. At 31 March 2012 there were 51 children who All Initial Assessments completed as a percentage of were the subject of a child protection plan, a rate total referrals (2011/12) of 19.5 per 10,000 children. This is one of the Isle of Wight lowest rates in the South East region, and below East Sussex the South East (33.7) and England (37.8) Oxfordshire Medway averages. Milton Keynes Portsmouth Rate of children who were the subject of a Child Protection Plan per 10,000 children (at 31 March 2012) Brighton and Hove Surrey Milton Keynes South East Wokingham England Isle of Wight Southampton West Berkshire Bracknell Forest West Sussex Windsor and Maidenhead Oxfordshire West Berkshire Hampshire Kent Windsor and Maidenhead Hampshire Kent West Sussex Bracknell Forest Slough Buckinghamshire Wokingham Surrey Buckinghamshire South East Reading England 0 20 40 60 80 100 Portsmouth % Slough Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- Medway education/series/statistics-children-in-need (Table C1) Reading Southampton

Brighton and Hove Section 47 Enquiries East Sussex

0 20 40 60 80 In 2011-12 there were 239 children subject to Rate per 10,000 children

Section 47 enquiries which started during the year, Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- a rate of 91.4 children per 10,000 children (aged education/series/statistics-children-in-need (Table D1)

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013

Adoption Average time between a local authority receiving court authority to place a child and the local authority deciding on Adoption scorecards have been developed to a match to an adoptive family (days) identify delays in the adoption system. The scorecard shows how swiftly children in need of adoption are placed for adoption in each local authority. The data is based on a three year rolling average (2009-10 to 2011-12) with a comparison Southend to ‘the previous year’ (2008-09 to 2010-11). The Isle Of Wight scorecard shows: Devon

Statistical Neighbours The average time between a child entering care and moving in with its adoptive family, for East Sussex children who have been adopted (in days) on England the Isle of Wight is 612 (up 49). In comparison, Nottinghamshire

the Island’s statistical neighbour average was Cumbria 560 days (down from 582), and the average for England as a whole was 636 days (up from Norfolk 625). 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Average time between a child entering care and moving in with Days its adoptive family, for children who have been adopted (days) Source: www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/families/adoption/a00 Poole 208817/adoption-scorecards

Cornwall The percentage of children who wait less than Bournemouth 21 months between entering care and moving Devon in with their adoptive family on the Island is East Sussex 68% (compared to 57% previously). In Statistical Neighbours comparison, the Island’s statistical neighbour Cumbria percentage was 64% (up from 62%) and for England was 58% (up from 56%). Norfolk Southend Children who wait less than 21 months between entering Isle of Wight care and moving in with their adoptive family (%) England Torbay Nottinghamshire Nottinghamshire Torbay Devon

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 England Days Norfolk

Source: Southend www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/families/adoption/a00 208817/adoption-scorecards Cumbria

Statistical Neighbours The average time between a local authority receiving court authority to place a child and East Sussex deciding on a match to an adoptive family (in Isle Of Wight days) on the Island was 166 (up 12). In Poole comparison this was 175 days for the Island’s Bournemouth statistical neighbours (165 previously), and 195 for England as a whole (up from 171). Cornwall 0 20 40 60 80 100 Days

Source: www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/families/adoption/a00 208817/adoption-scorecards

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013

Child Poverty Indices of Income Deprivation Affecting Children Children are defined by HMRC as living in poverty if they live in families that are in receipt of out of According to the IMD 2010, five of the Islands 89 work benefits or in receipt of tax credits where LSOAs are amongst the 20% most deprived in their reported income is less than 60% of median England for income deprivation affecting children income (the national child poverty threshold). Child aged 0 to 15. These LSOAs were: poverty therefore directly reflects adults’ income and employment. Osborne St Johns West A Source: www.hmrc.gov.uk/statistics/child-poverty-stats.htm Pan B Ventnor West B Sandown South B As at 31 August 2011 there were 4,655 children under 16 living in poverty on the Isle of Wight (or The IMD 2010 domain of Education, Skills and 21.1% of this age group). This is a drop in the total Training Deprivation, which measures children and number and proportion of under 16 children in young people, as well as adult skills, indicates that poverty than in 2010 (4,885 children, 22.0%), and 13 LSOAs on the Isle of Wight were among the also from 2009 (5,040 children, 22.5%). 20% most deprived areas in England.

In comparison, in 2011 the Isle of Wight has a These LSOAs were: similar proportion of under 16 children in Poverty Carisbrooke West B Pan A to England (20.6%), but higher than the South Cowes Medina B Pan B East (15.1%). Freshwater Norton B St John’s East A Children under 16 in poverty Lake North B St John’s West A 25 Mount Joy B Osborne Newport North B Ventnor West B 20 Sandown South B

15 Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- % communities-and-local-government/series/english-indices-of- 10 deprivation

5 Mental Health

0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mental health and wellbeing among children and

Isle of Wight England South East young people can set the pattern for their mental health throughout their lifetime. Half of those with Source: www.hmrc.gov.uk/statistics/child-poverty-stats.htm lifetime mental health problems first experience symptoms by the age of 14, and three-quarters by Number of Children living in Out-of-work their mid-20s Benefit Claimant Households Source: HM Government – No health without mental health www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/fil e/213761/dh_124058.pdf As at May 2011 there were 4,435 Island children under 16 (around 19.6% of households) living in Nationally it is known that, at any one time, one in benefit dependent households. This shows a ten young people aged 5 to 16 years have a decrease from 4,670 in 2010 (around 20.5% of mental health problem, and many continue to have households). mental health problems into adulthood.

The LSOAs with the highest number of under 15s By applying this 1 in 10 measure to the Island’s living in benefit dependent households in 2011 population, around 1,800 young people aged 5 to were: 16 could be experiencing such mental health problems. St Johns West A Osborne Mount Joy B Sandown South B Ryde South East B Ventnor West B Autism

Source: Department for Work and Pensions – Children in out-of-work Autistic Spectrum Disorder, or Autism, is defined benefit households www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-work- as a lifelong condition that affects an individual’s pensions/series/children-in-out-of-work-benefit-households--2 social communication and interaction and how

they make sense of the world around them.

It is estimated that the prevalence of Autism is around 1.1% of the general UK population (for

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013 both adults and children), with the prevalence a statement and 16.3% without. In England 18.7% being higher among men (2.0%) than women of pupils had Special Educational Needs, 2.8% (0.3%). with a statement and 16.0% without.

By applying these national prevalence models to the 2012 mid-year Island population, it is Children and Families Bill estimated that there might be around 1,526 Island The Children and Families Bill (due to be residents of all ages have a condition on the introduced in 2013/14) is intended to remove the Autistic Spectrum, of whom approximately 286 are barriers that can currently prevent vulnerable aged 0 to 18. children getting the provision and help they need. Source: Estimating the Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Condition in Adults: Extending the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey The Bill is intended to: http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB05061 Office for National Statistics - www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop- Introduce a single, simpler assessment estimate/population-estimates-for-england-and-wales/mid- process for children with SEN or disabilities 2012/index.html – including replacing SEN statements and Learning Difficulty Assessments with a Special Educational Needs single, simpler 0-25-year-old assessment

At January 2013, the Isle of Wight has a total of process and Education, Health and Care Plan from 2014. 3,331 pupils with Special Educational Needs, 18.4% of all pupils. This is higher than the total for Speed up care proceedings, with the 2012 (3,320, 18.0% of all pupils). In 2013, 642 introduction of a six-month time limit on (3.5%) pupils had a statement of Special cases and other reforms (children currently Educational Need, while 2,689 (14.8%) had no wait on average 55 weeks for court statement. decisions).

Special Educational Needs (January 2013) Stop local authorities delaying an adoption Pupils with statements Pupils without statements to find the ‘perfect’ match, with ethnicity of Buckinghamshire Wokingham a child (in most cases) coming second to Bracknell Forest the speed of placing a child in a permanent West Berkshire home.

Hampshire Surrey Ensure children have a relationship with Oxfordshire both parents after family separation (where Isle of Wight that is safe and in the child’s best interests.

ENGLAND Source: www.gov.uk/government/news/children-and-families-bill-to- Windsor and Maidenhead give-families-support-when-they-need-it-most SOUTH EAST

Slough Milton Keynes Visually impaired

Reading Gaining accurate statistics on the number of West Sussex children with a visual impairment is difficult. Kent However, according to the RNIB Sight Loss UK East Sussex Southampton 2012 report, there are an estimated 16,000 blind Brighton and Hove or partially sighted children (aged under 16) in the Medway UK.

Portsmouth If this ratio is applied to the mid-2012 Isle of Wight 0 5 10 15 20 25 population it would suggest there may be around % 35 children who are blind or partially sighted. Source: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for- education/series/statistics-special-educational-needs-sen Source: http://www.papworth.org.uk/downloads/disabilityintheunitedkingdom2 The Island had the eighth lowest proportion of 012_120910112857.pdf SEN pupils in the South East region (19 Office for National Statistics - www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop- estimate/population-estimates-for-england-and-wales/mid- authorities), with Buckinghamshire the low at 2012/index.html 14.8% and Portsmouth the high at 23.5%.

The South East region as a whole had 19.2% of pupils with Special Educational Needs, 2.9% with

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013

Hearing impaired Summary of levels of Learning Difficulties per 1,000 children

Gaining accurate statistics on the number of Isle of Wight South East England children with a hearing impairment is difficult. However, it has been estimated that there are Moderate 12.86 16.50 19.65 20,000 children aged 0 to 15 years children in the Severe 6.13 3.19 3.65 are moderately to severely deaf, Profound/Multiple 1.57 1.05 1.23 and around 12,000 of these children are born Totals 20.56 20.74 24.53 deaf.

Source: www.improvinghealthandlives.org.uk/profiles/#select_area If this ratio is applied to the mid-2012 Isle of Wight population it would suggest there may be around 38 deaf children, with around 23 of these being Physical Disabilities born deaf. Source: There are an estimated 800,000 disabled children www.papworth.org.uk/downloads/disabilityintheunitedkingdom2012_1 (under 16) in the UK, which equates to around 6% 20910112857.pdf of the total child population. Office for National Statistics - www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop- estimate/population-estimates-for-england-and-wales/mid- 2012/index.html The prevalence of disability increases with age, with disability impacting on around 16% of working age adults and 45% of adults over pension age. Learning Disabilities If these estimates are applied to the mid-2012 Isle The first national ‘Valuing People’ strategy defined of Wight child population it would suggest there learning disability as including the presence of: might be around 1,500 children with a physical A significantly reduced ability to understand disability on the Isle of Wight.

new or complex information, to learn new skills Source: http://odi.dwp.gov.uk/disability-statistics-and- (impaired intelligence), with; research/disability-facts-and-figures.php

A reduced ability to cope independently Carers (impaired social functioning); which started before adulthood, with a lasting effect on A carer is someone who spends a significant development. proportion of their time providing unpaid support to a family member, partner or friend who is ill, frail, People’s learning disabilities will range from mild disabled or has mental health or substance to severe, and the degree of severity will deter misuse problems. mine their need for support and services. While people with severe disabilities are more likely to There is a clear relationship between poor health be known to and in receipt of health and social and caring that increases with the duration and care services, people with moderate or mild intensity of the caring role. Those providing high disabilities might still need support and adjustment levels of care are twice as likely to have poor to services to enable access to them. health compared to those without caring responsibilities. Obtaining accurate statistics on the number of children with a learning difficulty is difficult. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/recognised- valued-and-supported-next-steps-for-the-carers-strategy However, data taken from the Schools Census January 2012 suggest that around 237 children have a moderate learning disability; rising to Young Carers around 379 if severe or profound/multiple learning A young carer is a young person (under 18) whose difficulties are also included. life is affected by caring. The person being cared

for will have a disability, long term illness, mental The following table shows the rate per 1,000 health problems, addition to drugs and / or alcohol. children with a learning disability on the Island The person being cared for may be a parent, along with a comparison with the South East and sibling, other family member of friend, and is not England: necessarily live in the same house as the young carer.

Inappropriate caring roles or long hours of caring are likely to have a detrimental impact on young

carers’ lives, including their health and educational

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013 achievement. Young carers can be bullied and/or The Island rate is above the South East average socially isolated and this can have an adverse (26.1) but below the England average 30.7. impact on their education and social development. Under 18 conception rates per 1,000 women in age group Source: www.gov.uk/government/publications/recognised-valued- (2001-2011) and-supported-next-steps-for-the-carers-strategy Isle of Wight England South East 45 In the 2011 Census, young carers were only 40 covered within the age brackets 0 to 15 and 16 to 35 24. 30 25 The following graph shows the number of hours of 20 unpaid care provided by 0-15 year olds on the Isle 15 of Wight: 10 5 Number of hours of unpaid care by 0-15 year olds 0 300 Rate per 1,000 women age in group 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Source: www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/conception-statistics-- 250 england-and-wales/index.html

200 National evidence shows that most teenage 150 conceptions were unplanned, and this is 100 particularly likely to be true of conceptions Numberofcarers resulting in terminations. On the Island in 2011 the 50 percentage of under 18 conceptions leading to 0 terminations was 51.4%, a decrease of 1.6% from Provides 1 to 19 hours Provides 20 to 49 hours Provides 50 or more 2010 (53.0%). The Island rate in 2011 was slightly unpaid care a week unpaid care a week hours unpaid care a week lower than the South East average (51.7%) but higher than England (49.3%). Source: www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011

Percentage of Under 18 conceptions leading to abortion Teenage Parents (2001-2011) Isle of Wight England South East Teenage conceptions are of concern because the 60 babies and their mothers are more likely to 50 experience poor health and other negative 40 outcomes. % 30 Since 2001 there has been an average of 88 conceptions each year to women under 18 on the 20 Island, with a high of 104 in 2002 and a low of 74 10 in 2011. 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total number of Isle of Wight Under 18 conceptions(2001-2011) Source: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/conception-statistics-- 110 england-and-wales/index.html 105

100 Alcohol and Substance Abuse 95 A survey of pupils in England in 90 the autumn of 2012 has indicated the amount 85 young people use drugs, smoke and/or drink 80 alcohol. The following gives some of the major 75 findings of the survey, and applies these to the Numberunder of conceptions 18 2012 mid-year population of the Isle of Wight. 70

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Drugs Source: www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/conception-statistics-- england-and-wales/index.html Illicit drug use can cause damage to the health The Island’s under 18 conception rate on the and wellbeing of young people. Vulnerable young Island in 2011 was 29.6 (per 1,000 women in age people have an increased risk of drug use, group), which is a decrease from 34.2 in 2010. especially if they have experienced truancy,

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Safeguarding Children and Vulnerable Adults – Vulnerable Groups (Children) Last updated: September 2013 exclusion from school, homelessness, time in 58% had never had an alcohol drink, an care, or serious or frequent offending. increase from a low of 36% in 1990 10% drank alcohol in the last week, down The 2012 survey of 11 to 15 year olds indicated from a high of 27% in 1996 that: 6% of pupils said they ‘usually’ drink 17% had ever tried drugs, down from 29% alcohol every week, a fall from the peak of in 2001 20% in 1996 and 2001.

28% have ever been offered drugs, down If these results are applied to the mid-2012 Isle of from 42% in 2001 Wight 11 to 15 year old population: 12% reported taking drugs in the last year, down from 20% in 2001 3,419 have had at least one alcoholic drink 6% reported taking drugs in the last in their lifetime month, down from 12% in 2001 4,532 have had never had an alcoholic 2% reported taking drugs at least once a drink in their lifetime month, down from 7% in 2003 795 drank alcohol in the last week 477 ‘usually’ drink alcohol every week If these results are applied to the mid-2012 Isle of Source: Wight 11 to 15 year old population: www.hscic.gov.uk/searchcatalogue?productid=12096&q=Smoking%2 c+drinking+and+drug+use+among+young+people+in+England&sort= Relevance&size=10&page=1#top 1,352 will have ever taken drugs 2,226 will have been offered drugs 954 would have taken drugs in the last Alcohol – Hospital admissions

year The Isle of Wight has had a very high comparative 477 would have taken drugs in the last rate of alcohol specific admissions among young month people. This is in part due to St Mary’s hospital 159 take drugs at least once a month being more likely (lower threshold) to admit young people, compared with mainland hospitals. Smoking The data collected is aggregated over a three year A recent survey found that as well as the obvious period and the rate of under 18 alcohol-specific health risks posed by smoking, regular smoking is hospital admissions per 100,000 of population has also associated with other risk-taking behaviour, shown a slight increase in 2008/09 to 2010/11 to such as drinking alcohol, drug use, truancy and 138.3 (from 134.4 in 2007/08 to 2009/10). This exclusion from school. follows a significant fall from 2004/05 to 2006/07

The survey of 11 to 15 year olds also found that in when the rate was 190.5, shown in the following 2012: graph:

Under 18s admitted to hospital with alcohol-specific conditions - 23% have ever smoked, down from 53% in Crude rate per 100,000 population 1982 and the peak of 55% in 1984 (2004/05-2006/07 to 2008/09-2010/11) The number of pupils defined as ‘regular’ Isle of Wight South East England 200 smokers (smoked at least one cigarette a 180 week) was 4%, down from 11% in 1982 160 and the peak of 13% in 1984 and 1996 140 6% have smoked in the last week 120 100 If these results are applied to the mid-2012 Isle of 80 Wight 11 to 15 year old population: 60 40

1,829 will have tried smoking at least once Admissions per 100,000 population 20 318 will smoke regularly (at least once a 0 week) 2004/05- 2005/06- 2006/07- 2007/08- 2008/09- 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 477 will have smoked in the last week Source: http://www.lape.org.uk/data.html

Alcohol Further information

The 2012 survey of 11 to 15 year olds found that: For a list of sources to further information and

43% have had at least one alcoholic drink advice on the issues covered in this factsheet in their lifetime. please visit www.iwight.com/factsandfigures

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