April 2 Artpolis Project Tour Excursion Ⅱ

Excursion

Excursion Ⅰ : April 2 Artpolis project tour

Excursion Ⅱ : April 3 Aso resort tour & Artpolis project tour CAADRIA 2006

Excursion Ⅰ : April 2 Excursion Ⅱ : April 3 Artpolis project tour Aso resort tour & Artpolis project tour Kumamoto University (13:30) Conference Hotel (8:30) ① Yatsushiro Municipal Museum ① Mt. Aso volcano mouth watch ② Yatsushiro Fire Station ② Senomoto San-ai Rest House(Lunch) ③ Forestry Hall Tomochi ・・・> to Airport (short course), arrival time 14:30 ④ Seiwa Bunraku Puppet Theater ③ Mokkon kan (Traditional puppet show & meal service) ④ Gymnasium of Kitazato Elementary School Return to the conference hotel (21:30) ⑤ Oguni Bus Terminal, U-Station ⑥ Oguni Dome ⑦ Kumamoto Grasslands Stockbreeding Research Institute ⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing Return to the conference hotel (19:00)

Oguni Town 4 3 56 2 Yamaga City 7 Kikuchi City

Tamana City Mt. Aso 1 8 Airport

Kuamoto City

Yamato Town 4

Misato Town 3

2 1 Yatsushiro City

1 Excursion I

① Yatsushiro Municiple Museum 1991 Toyo Ito Architectural Summary In this project, great care was taken to harmonize the building with its relatively low, human-scaled environment. The two large, highly enclosed galleries were arranged on the first floor and covered with soil; consequently, they appear to be underground. A small, grass-covered hill was thus created on the once-level site. On top of the hill, open spaces such as the entrance hall and café are located beneath a lightweight roof. The storage, wrapped in a metallic membrane, seems to float above the roof, and as the most prominent feature of the building also serves as the symbol of the museum. Adressing the Shosoin, the famous ancient repository located across the street from the site, this project offers a new "Shosoin of the future."

Architectural Data Name: Yatsushiro Municipal Museum Location: 12-35 Nishimatsuejo-machi, Yatsushiro City Main function: museum Developer : Yatsushiro City Architects: Toyo Ito & Associates, Architects General contractors: joint venture of Takenaka Corporation, Wakuda Construction and Yonemoto Komuten Site area: 8,223 square meters Building area: 1,432 square meters Total floor area: 3,418 square meters Extent: one basement floor, four aboveground floors Structure: reinforced concrete, steel frame construction Total construction cost: 1,658 million

Toyo Ito 1941 From Nagano Prefecture 1965 Graduated from Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo 1966-69 Worked at Kikutake Architect & Associates 1971 Established URBOT 1998 Vice commissioner, Kumamoto Artpolis 2005 Commissioner, Kumamoto Artpolis

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② Yatsushiro Fire Station 1995 Toyo Ito Architectural Summary As a gesture of opening up to the inhabitants of the city, the fire station headquarters is entirely lifted on pilotis, providing a public space at the ground floor. The fire station program is located in the upper volume, supported on the thinnest possible columns. Circular voids cut through this volume to connect the two spaces and programs. The juxtaposition of the thinness of the columns with the volume above impresses upon the viewer the lightness of the figure of this new public structure.

Architectural Data Location: Omura Town Yatsushiro City Main function: Fire Office Architects: Toyo Ito & Associates, Architects Site area: 8,055 square meters Building area: 3,225 square meters Total floor area: 4,683 square meters Extent: one basement floor, two aboveground floors Structure: steel frame, reinforced concrete construction

3 Excursion I

③ Forest Fall Tomochi 2002 Taira Nishizawa Architectural Summary For a small meeting hall (about 250 square meters) for a lumber town in Kumamoto Prefecture, the architect was requested to use local wood and the town’s symbol in the design of the hall. The site is a leveled hilltop, deep in the mountains, with a sports park nearby. The building is for the most part single-storied, and is used as a meeting hall for the townspeople and for simple sports, with two mini-handball courts inside. Inside a rectangular volume articulated by glass façades, an irregularly shaped wood structure covers the courts. Seen from outside, the building looks as though a giant artificial bush was constructed in the middle of the mountains. The building is a mix of wood and steel structural systems: the glass façades are stabilized by the steel ties connected back to the wood structure. The lightweight steel ties (60mmx60mm) are spaced at 1-meter intervals, and inside wood structural members are 120mmx210mm. The roof is also made up of lightweight steel members, in a 2-meter grid. Under this roof structure, a grid of wood members, rotated 45 degrees, is lined up, and the two separate systems are tied to make a truss, forming a 22-meter span. Because the lower chord of the truss is rotated 45 degrees from the upper chord, it is possible to push and pull on the web of the truss, thereby adjusting the height of the ceiling. In other words, when extra height is needed for some program, one can adjust the height of the ceiling. In order to emphasize wood as the building material this building is constructed primarily of wood and steel.

Architectural Data Location :Misato Town Main function: Traning Center Architects: Taira Arata & Associates, Architects Site area: １,659 square meters Building area: 415 square meters Total floor area: 520 square meters Extent: two aboveground floors Structure: Wood, steel frame construction

Taira Nishizawa 1964 Born in Tokyo 1987 Graduated from Department of Architecture, TIT 1987-93 Worked at Irie Architect & Associates 1993 Established Taira Arata Architect's Office

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④ Seiwa Bunraku Puppet Theater 1992 Koichi Ishii Architectural Summary This is a theater for a form of bunraku that has been performed in the Seiwa village since the late Edo period. The architects designed a large-scale version of a conventional wood-construction structure, in response to the requests of not only the town of Seiwa, but also the Cultural Agency and the Forestry Agency. The structure was made as large as the Building Standard Law permits; that is, the eaves are nine meters in height, and the maximum height is thirteen meters. Wood beams are layered, as has been the practice with traditional wood-construction since the Nara period. While there are over 1,000 Noh stages in Japan today, it is hoped that this facility, with a seating capacity of 200, will become the representative Noh theater in Kyushu.

Architectural Data Name: Seiwa Bunraku Puppet Theater Location: 152 Haraguchi, Ohira, Seiwa-son, Kamimashiki-gun Main function: bunraku theater and museum Site area: 10,200 square meters Building area: 856 square meters Total floor area: 781 square meters Extent: two aboveground floors Structure: wooden construction Construction period: December 1990 - March 1992 Total construction cost: 436 million

Kazuhiro Ishii 1944 Born in Tokyo 1967 Graduated from Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo 1975 completed doctoral course, University of Tokyo; completed master's course, School of Architecture, Yale University 1978 Incorporated Kazuhiro Ishii Architect & Associates Has been lecturer at Faculty of International Studies, Waseda University; University of California; Nihon University; Yale University, Osaka University; University of Tokyo; Japan Women's University

5 Excursion Ⅱ

① Mt. Aso Volcano Mouth Mount Aso, the largest caldedra in the world, is composed of five mountains; Nekodake, Takadake, Nakadake, Eboshidake,and Kinedake. The caledra is 1592 meters in height, with a width of about 18km in the east–west direction and about 25km in the north-south direction.

③ Mokkonkan 1988 Hideaki Katsura Architectural Summary This is a training center with a unique wooden design construction method known as "Box-Beam", a design copied from traditional roof designs in the Oguni area. This is a gathering place for leaders of different towns to discuss town development. Mokkonkan facilities include meeting rooms, training rooms and lecture halls.

Hideaki Katsura Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University

1952 Born inFukuoka Prefecture 1979 Master of engineering, Kumamoto University 1980 Florida University 1991 Kumamoto University

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④ Oguni Town Kitazato Elementary School Gymnasium Kaoru Suehiro 2003 Architectural Summary This was a project to rebuild the gymnasium of an elementary school in a mountain village. Approximately 100 students were enrolled at the time of the project, and that number was decreasing. The architect conducted a workshop with local residents, and discussed the possibility of using the school for more purposes. By situating the gymnasium between two existing buildings on east and west side, the surrounding galleries function as a circulation route through the whole school. By transferring special classrooms like kitchen and library to the east wing, the eastern part of the school is reorganized for social education and community use. Wood is used for both structure and finish in order to express the importance of forestry in the area. Cedar box trusses were used on the roof of the gym. Clerestories were installed between the enormous trusses to let in natural light, which is reflected off cylindrical panels. A soft light fills the arena, which is covered with wooden louvers. The color and intensity of light change gradually according to the movement of the sun and the weather.

Photo: kouji okamoto

Architectural Data Suehiro Kaoru Location: 2473 Kitazata, Oguni-machi, Aso-gun Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University Main function: elementary school gymnasium Developer: Oguni-machi 1961 Born in Oita Prefecture Architects: Kaoru Suehiro & NKS Architects 1986 Master of engineering, Kyushu University General contractors: Hashimoto Construction 1986-90 Designer, SKM Architects and Planners Site area: 7,822 square meters 1990-91 Representative, Emergent Building area: 1,840 square meters Architects of Tokyo Total floor area: 1,147 square meters 1991-94 Master of engineering, Extent: 2 aboveground floors Berlage Institute,Netherlands Structure: Wood, partly reinforced concrete 1993 Designer, Herman Hertzberger, Netherlands Construction period: July 2002 - March 2003 1994-98 Assistant lecturer, Department Total construction cost: 259 million of Architecture,Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University 1998 Principal, NKS Architects

7 Excursion Ⅱ

⑤ Oguni Bus Terminal, U-Station 1987 Shoei Yoh

Shoei Yoh 1940 Born in Kumamoto City 1962 Graduated from Faculty of Economics, Keio University; scholarship, Wittenberg University, USA 1970 Established Shoei Yoh + Architects 1992 Visiting professor, Graduate School, Columbia University 1997 Professor, Graduate School, Keio University

⑥ Oguni Dome 1988 Shoei Yoh

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⑦Kumamoto Grasslands Stockbreeding Research Institute Tom Heneghan 1992 Architectural Summary The four main buildings of this facility are arranged together with several programmatically subordinate buildings in a way that allows them to be seen as a group. The site, a pastureland, determines the relationships between the groups scattered over the extensive site and between individual buildings. The buildings are perceived as parts of one facility because of similarity of form and material. Buildings that require large volumes have been formally articulated in accordance with function or various external factors, breaking down the large scale of spaces and softing the profiles of buildings in order not to distract from the natural great beauty of the environment.

Photo : Fumihiko Akahoshi

Architectural Data Tom Heneghan Main function: agricultural institute 1951 Born in England Developer: Kumamoto Prefecture 1975 Graduated from the Architectural Association (AA), Architects: Tom Heneghan and Inga Dagfinnsdottir, and subsequently taught at the AA until 1990. Ojukai-Furukawa Architects 1991 Master architect, 'Face of the Town' Program Site area: 3,856,595 square meters (Toyama Prefecture) Building area: 7,389 square meters Has been lecturer, Tokyo National University of Fine Total floor area: 7,303 square meters Arts and Music; Professor, Kogakuin University Extent: one and two aboveground floors Currently Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Structure: wooden construction and steel-frame Architecture, University of Sydney construction Construction period: December 1991 - September 1992

9 Excursion Ⅱ

⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing, Block A 1991 Kunihiko Hayakawa Architectural Summary Low-rise apartment buildings were introduced to create a sense of continuity with the surrounding residential district. Even the elevations of the five-story apartment buildings have been treated to make them resemble low-rise buildings. Inside the housing project, two- and three-story architectural elements give buildings a human scale and eliminate the usual perception of the south side of apartment buildings as the front and the north side as the back. The elongated five-story apartment buildings could have easily become impenetrable walls, but two- Architectural Data and three-story high gates, provided at Location: 1917-58 Shimizu-machi-shinchi, Kumamoto City regular intervals, direct people's eyes Site area: 45,306 square meters (includes 2nd phase work) Building area: 7,134 square meters through the buildings toward open spaces. Total floor area: 23,047 square meters Extent: one basement floor, five aboveground floors Structure: reinforced concrete construction Construction period: December 1989 - May 1991 Total construction cost: 3,204 million

Kunihiko Hayakawa Kunihiko Hayakawa Architect & Associates 1941 Born in Tokyo 1966 Graduated from Waseda University 1971 Completed graduate studiesYale University 1972 Worked for Takenaka Corporation 1978 Established Kunihiko Hayakawa Architect & Associates

⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing, Block B 1992 Riichiro Ogata Architectural Summary The apartment buildings, which resemble a pair of whales swimming side by side, were given undulating facades and windows of different qualities to create greater visual variety. The project was conceived as a theater, with the mall sandwiched between the buildings as the stage and the buildings as the audience. The bathrooms were concentrated at the middle of each unit, enabling the more public spaces of units to look out over the mall. All stairs lead directly to the mall, assuring communication at every level: family, housing complex residents, and neighborhood. The "whales" head eastward, bearing a human community.

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Architectural Data Riichiro Ogata Location: 1917 Shimizu-machi-shinchi, Kumamoto City 1941 Born in Kumamoto City Main function: housing 1966 Graduated from Nihon University Developer : Kumamoto City 1971 Established Riichiro Ogata Architects Architects: Riichiro Ogata Architects 1998 Died General contractors: joint venture of Tatara Construction etc. Site area: 17,196 square meters Building area: 3,802 square meters Total floor area: 16,179 square meters Extent: five aboveground floors Structure: reinforced concrete construction Construction period: December 1990 - March 1992 Total construction cost: 2,551 million

⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing, Block C 1993 Yuzuru Tominaga Architectural Summary This project proposes a new approach to the design of public buildings. The apartment building was raised on pilotis along the the ten-meter slope of the site, in order to provide pedestrians on the sidewalk with views to the north and local people with a communal place. A park-like space was also created. The apartment building was intended to recreate the small neighborhood ambience that previously existed in the area. Narrow passageways leading from the corridor on the north side to the stairways were created, and living rooms were integrated with terraces. With respect to the structural system, the north and south façades were made with wall-beams. Bearing walls arranged at right angles to those wall-beams between housing units, and 25-centimeter thick beam-less panels, form concrete boxes. This system improves sound insulation between floors and facilitates future changes in the layout of units.

Architectural Data Location: 1917-58 Shimizu-machi-shinchi, Kumamoto City Site area: 12,555 square meters Building area: 3,421 square meters Total floor area: 17,877 square meters Extent: one basement floor, seven aboveground floors, one penthouse floor Structure: Reinforced concrete construction, one part steel frame construction Construction period: December 1991 - October 1993 Total construction cost: 3,177 million

Yuzuru Tominaga Yuzuru Tominaga + Form System Institute; professor, Hosei University; 1967 Graduated from Department of Architecture, University of Tokyo 1967-72 Worked at Kikutake Architect & Associates 1973-79 Assistant, Department of Architecture, University of Tokyo

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⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing, Block D 1995 Hiroshi Nishioka Architectural Summary The public housing project that used to stand at the site had flourishing plants and various measures taken by occupants to make their units more pleasant. This created a distinctive atmosphere, an openness and energy that suggested the vernacular architecture of the warm Southeast Asian region. The new project evokes that atmosphere with its forms and colors. Stairs in conventional public housing projects tend to be gloomy, cluttered spaces, but the stairs in this project have been pushed out of the building proper and opened to the outdoors, and given different forms and colors to make them easier to distinguish. The stairs also allow people to look at the view to the north as they go to their respective units.

Architectural Data Location: 1917-58 Shimizu-machi-shinchi, Kumamoto City Site area: 29,117 square meters Building area: 5,037 square meters Total floor area: 13,615 square meters Extent: three aboveground floors; partly four floors Structure: reinforced concrete construction Construction period: January 1993 - June 1995 Total construction cost: 3,616 million

Hiroshi Nishioka Professor, Nishinippon Institute of Technology 1945 Born in Gumma Prefecture 1970 Graduated from Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University 1970-84 Worked at Arata Isozaki & Associates 1992 Part-time lecturer, Kyushu University, Kyushu Sangyo University 1994-96 Head, Fukuoka Branch, Kyushu Chapter, Japan Institute of Architects 1996-99 Head, Kyushu Chapter, Japan Institute of Architects

⑧ Kumamoto Municipal Shinchi Housing, Block E 1995 Kenjiro Ueda Architectural Summary Three-story apartment buildings that contain six housing units are adapted to the topography and connected to form rows on both sides of a pedestrian way. These curve around a large open space. A series of social groups are expected to develop, starting with households sharing the same stairway, extending to the street, and eventually the housing project as a whole. The unit’s L-shaped plan gives the living room exposure on both sides. The individual building units are made small so as to blend in with houses in the nearby area. The buildings are articulated in elevation to make them seem smaller than they really are and bent in plan to create variety. The planted trees and the open space are attempts to recreate the natural landscape that once existed here.

Architectural Data Location: 1917-58 Shimizu-machi-shinchi, Kumamoto City Site area: 36,587 square meters Building area: 7,390 square meters Total floor area: 15,484 square meters Extent: three aboveground floors Structure: reinforced concrete construction Construction period: January 1993 - June 1995 Total construction cost: 3,255 million

Kenjiro Ueda K. Ueda, Architect & Associates 1942 Born in Kumamoto City 1966 Graduated from Department of Architecture, Kumamoto University 1969-79 Worked at Kisho Kurokawa, Architect & Associates 1979 Established K. Ueda, Architect & Associates

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CAADRIA2006 Excursion

EXCURSION Ⅰ : Artpolis project tour (Yatsushiro, Tomochi and Seiwa area)

EXCURSION Ⅱ : Aso resort tour & Artpolis project tour (Aso and Oguni Area)