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Mabb (Art Into Everday Life).Pdf mabb T U R I N Y S C O N T E N T S David Mabb MENAS KASDIENYBEI......................................... 1 Simon Rees APSPURÆ PAKRAÐÈIAI: DAVIDO MABBO KILIMAI IR TAPYBA.............................................. 7 Lolita Jablonskienë TRUMPA JUDËJIMO „MENÀ Á BUITÁ“ ISTORIJA 12 David Mabb ART INTO EVERYDAY LIFE................................ 24 Simon Rees FRAYING AT THE EDGES: CARPETS AND PAINTINGS BY DAVID MABB............................. 30 Lolita Jablonskienë A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE “ART INTO EVERYDAY LIFE” MOVEMENT............................ 35 1. David Mabb. SPORTO RÛMAI / THE SPORTS HALL, 2005. Tapyba ant Williamo Morriso „Sausmedþio“ audinio / Oil paint on William Morris “Honeysuckle” fabric, 142 x 90 cm. Menininko nuosavybë / Courtesy the artist. Fotografija / Photo: Paulius Mazûras 2 3 mabb M E N A S ! K A S D I E N Y B E I A R T ! I N T O ! E V E R Y D AY ! L I F E Ð M C ! C A C 2006 01 20 ! 2006 03 19 MENAS KASDIENYBEI Að atvykau ið Londono. Á Lietuvà atsiveþiau savosios ir tapetø dizaineris ir vadovavo interjero dizaino kom- kultûros sàlygotà ir nuo jos priklausomà istorijos sam- panijai Morris & Co. Morrisas manë, kad dizainas pratà, kultûriná ir politiná kontekstà, kuriame uþaugau, atlieka labai svarbø vaidmená gerinant kasdienio trumpai tariant, didþiulá intelektualiná bagaþà, kurá gyvenimo kokybæ – ðá ásitikinimà iðreiðkë garsusis jo veþiojuosi savo galvoje ir kuris man padeda suprasti principas: „Savo namuose nelaikykite nieko, kas, jûsø pasaulá. Tai reiðkia, kad Lietuvos kultûra, su kuria þiniomis, nëra naudinga ar, jûsø manymu, nëra graþu“1. susidûriau vieðnagës metu, manyje ávairiai rezonuoja Susidomëjau Williamu Morrisu, susidûræs su dviem susikirsdama su mano paties kultûros istorija ir vietos akivaizdþiai prieðtaraujanèiais dalykais. Pirmiausia – tai pojûèiu. átampa, kilusi tarp vëlesnës Morriso politikos ir jo ver- slo. Jis tapo vietiniu Britanijos marksistu, Londono Williamas Morrisas Hammersmith draugijos Trotskiu ar Gramsciu, bet tuo Su savim taip pat atsiveþiau savo meninës praktikos pat metu pasiturintiems britams kûrë interjerus. Nors patirtá, kûrybà, kurià tobulinau visà savo – suaugusiojo ðie du jo projekto aspektai sunkiai derëjo, jo kurtø – gyvenimà. Pastaruosius septynerius metus dirbu su ornamentø utopiðkumas lëmë ðio prieðtaravimo Williamo Morriso (1834–1896) tekstilës ir tapetø naudingumà: neámanoma iðvengti paties kapitalo, gali- dizainu. Tæstinis mano „bendradarbiavimas“ su ma tik já nuversti – tai Morrisas suprato vëliau. Williamu Morrisu susijæs su Morriso ornamentø supa- Antrasis, stipresnis prieðtaravimas yra tai, kad prastinimu ir rekontekstualizavimu – tai yra bûdas Morriso estetika gali tave perplëðti pusiau: tau gali kvestionuoti Morriso utopinio idealizmo modelius. Ne patikti jo ornamentai, jie gali gundyti ir tuo pat metu maþiau nei Morriso dizaino palikimas mane domina ir gali bûti nepriimtina jø vartojimo politika. Ið pradþiø jo pats Morrisas kaip istorinë figûra. Morrisas garsëjo dizainas buvo aukðèiausios ámanomos techninës koky- romantine poezija ir utopiniais romanais. Tai jis ákûrë bës rankø darbo audiniai ir ksilografiniø kliðiø atspau- pirmàjà Anglijoje architektûros apsauga besidominèià dai, áperkami tik pasiturinèiai vidurinei ir aukðtesniajai draugijà – Draugijà senoviniams pastatams iðsaugoti, klasëms. Morriso kompozicijø prasmës keitësi laikui kuri ir ðiandien tebesirûpina istoriniais pastatais. Britø bëgant; dabar jos plaèiai prieinamos palyginus pigiø politiniame gyvenime jis buvo þinomas kaip Sandersono kopijø pavidalu Britanijoje ir JAV ir jau Nacionalinës liberaliosios lygos iþdininkas, vëliau tapo reprezentuoja gyvenimo priemiesèiuose, vidurinës vienu Socialinës demokratinës federacijos lyderiø, o klasës ir estetinio konservatyvizmo vertybes. Nors 1883 m. ákûrë Socialistø lygà. Taip pat jis buvo tekstilës Morriso sukurti gausos ir vaisingumo ávaizdþiai tuomet 4 5 reiðkë radikalø ryðio su praeitimi nutraukimà, dabar „1990 m. atkûrus nepriklausomybæ, Lietuvoje Respublikos“ kino teatru). Kam nors pasakyti „susi- jie, regis, stokoja juos inspiravusiø prieðtaravimø ir prasidëjo pamiðëliðkas privatizacijos, nekilnojamo tikim prie Lietuvos“ tikrai kaþkà reiðkë sovietinës oku- problemø. Netekæs kritinio konteksto, utopinis jo turto plëtros ir griovimo laikotarpis. Primenantis pacijos laikais. 2002 m. Vilniaus savivaldybë tyliai par- projektas virto nostalgiðku tokiø vietø, kur visad Laukiniø Vakarø þemës grobimà ar aukso karðtligæ – davë kino teatrà privatiems nekilnojamojo turto ðvieèia saulë, kur niekad nelyja ir, þinoma, kur niekad spekuliantai ir nekilnojamojo turto magnatai susivieni- supirkëjams; su priesaku, kad jis turësiàs veikti kaip nëra þiemos, ilgesiu. jo su korumpuotais savivaldybës biurokratais siekdami kino teatras dar trejus metus“2. beprotiðku greièiu perstatyti ðalá. Pelnas – vienintelis jø Menà – á buitá motyvas. Vieðoji erdvë, svarbiausi pastatai, kultûrinis Penki pastatai Mano darbai Lietuvoje susijæ su sovietinës Lietuvos gyvenimas ir vieðoji nuomonë buvo pagrindinës aukos. Að pasirinkau penkis pastatus, kuriø funkcijos istorijos laikotarpiu, þinomu kaip „chruðèiovinis atðili- Jø metodas paprastas: pasakyk visuomenei, kad pasikeitë atkûrus nepriklausomybæ. mas“, ir judëjimu, þinomu kaip „Menà – á buitá“. Jis kilo ekonomikos raida yra visiems gerai. Átikink juos, kad Kino teatras Lietuva turi ilgà modernistiná stiklo po Stalino mirties, kai sovietø valdþia susilpnino meno Kapitalas yra Karalius. Primink visuomenei, kad norint paviljonà, sudarantá viso pastato pirmo aukðto fasadà. ir dizaino kontrolæ. Kadangi SSRS ekonomika buvo paversti Lietuvà blyðkiu Vakarø Europos miestø Kino salë yra uþ jo, ásirëmusi á kalvà, esanèià uþ pasta- pagrásta penkmeèio planais, ði tendencija uþsitæsë ir ðeðëliu, geriausia yra iðtrinti sovietinæ praeitá – ir taip to. Kompleksas kelia giedros ir ramybës áspûdá. laikotarpiu, þinomu „breþnevinës stagnacijos“ pava- padaryti ðalá dar patrauklesnæ dar didesnëms investici- Anksèiau minëtas trejø metø malonës laikotarpis pasi- dinimu. To meto menininkams buvo suteikta galimybë joms bei plëtrai. baigë 2005 m. liepos 1 d. Raðant ðá tekstà, kino teatras bendradarbiauti su tekstilës, kilimø, stiklo ir Sovietiniais laikais kinas atliko labai svarbø vaidmená Lietuva uþdarytas ir já grasinama nugriauti. Pro-testo keramikos gamyklomis, taip pat su tokiomis organi- visuomenës kultûriniame gyvenime. Centrinëse laboratorijos kampanija uþ jo iðgelbëjimà tæsiasi. zacijomis kaip leidyklos, kur jie kûrë vienetiniø Lietuvos miestø vietose buvo pastatyti dideli kino Didþiulë United Colors of Benetton parduotuvë gaminiø ar gaminiø serijø dizainà. teatrai. Tie teatrai atliko lemiamà vaidmená tapdami anksèiau, iki rekonstrukcijos 1996 m., buvo kino Akcijos rezultatai nukrypo nuo oficialaus socialistinio vieðø susitikimø ir susirinkimø vietomis. Atkûrus teatras Vilnius. Koncertinà primenantis pastato fasadas realizmo, kurio pagrindiniai ingredientai buvo sovi- nepriklausomybæ, kai dideliu greièiu urmu þlugo sovi- iðliko ir iðeina á Gedimino prospektà (buvusá Lenino etiniai herojai ir jaunieji traktoristai. Menininkai sëmësi etinës struktûros, kino teatrai patraukë nekilnojamojo prospektà), pagrindinæ prekybos gatvæ Vilniuje. Vidus ákvëpimo ið vietos tradicijos arba tarptautinio modern- turto rinkos dëmesá. Per trumpà laikotarpá privatus visiðkai sugriautas ir pirminio kino teatro interjero izmo, pavyzdþiui, „anglø festivalinio stiliaus“. verslas sugebëjo perimti ir sugriauti beveik visus kino nelikæ në pëdsako. Dabar, áëjæs á pastatà, patenki á Architektai taip pat turëjo galimybiø paieðkoti teatrus Vilniuje paversdamas juos gyvenamaisiais vienà ið 5000 Benettono parduotuviø bet kurioje pavyzdþiø Skandinavijoje ir kitose Europos ðalyse. namais ir prekybos centrais. Iðnyko daugiau nei 15 pasaulio vietoje. Nors valstybë vis dar buvo nepaprastai represyvi, kino teatrø, tarp jø tokios miesto áþymybës kaip Aušra, Didingas Sporto rûmø stogas ðauna á dangø ir domin- daugelis tuo metu pastatytø pastatø yra lengvi ir erd- Þvaigþdë, Spalis, Pionierius, Pergalë, Tëvynë, Kronika, uoja ðiaurinëje Neries pusëje, þvelgiant nuo Senojo vûs, juose panaudoti kai kurie geriausi tarptautinio Aidas, Planeta, Neris, Vingis, Lazdynai, Vilnius, Maskva ir Arsenalo, esanèio prieðingame krante. Dabar jis atro- modernizmo elementai. Jie yra tarsi ðviesmeèius LIETUVA. do apleistas. Ðalia buvæ atviri baseinai jau nugriauti, o nutolæ nuo vestuviø tortà primenanèio stalinistinio Kaip menkas pakaitalas, atspindintis viso pasaulio pastatas nebenaudojamas kaip sporto salë. Vilniaus kièo, kuris tik prieð keletà metø, Stalino valdymo miestø tragedijà, buvo pastatyti du kino multipleksø miesto savivaldybë jau paskelbë pasiûlymus rekon- laikotarpiu, uþterðë didþiuosius buvusios Sovietø monstrai: Coca Cola Plaza naujamiestyje ir Akropolis struoti ðià teritorijà. Sàjungos miestus. Cinemas uþ miesto. Pastarasis, kuris yra didþiausio Kai ten lankiausi, Britø kino kompanija buvo ásikûrusi Taèiau kadangi dauguma to meto pastatø vis dar aso- Lietuvoje prekybos centro dalis, yra Lietuvos „preky- filmavimo aikðtelæ – taip Vakarø kompanijos pasinau- cijuojasi su sovietø okupacija, jie buvo ir vis dar yra bocentrizacijos“ pavyzdys. Su multipleksais atëjo mul- doja pigia darbo jëga ir erdve Rytø Europoje. Fojë ið arba tyèia griaunami (pardavus juos perstatymui), arba tipleksiniai Holivudo filmai, taigi kino erdvës griovimas trijø pusiø supa stiklo sienos, taigi tai yra atvira, apleisti ir palikti griûti savaime. uþkodavo ir nepriklausomø kino programø þlugimà. nuostabiai apðviesta modernistinë
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