Multilingualism and Language Ideology
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Benakuma Council Development Plan (Cdp)
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN Peace – Work – Fatherland Paix-Travail-Patrie ----------------- ----------------- MINISTERE DE l’ADMINISTRATION MINISTRY OF TERRITORIAL ADMINISTRATION TERRITORIALE ET DE LA DECENTRALISATION AND DECENTRALIZATION ----------------- ----------------- REGION DU NORD OUEST NORTH WEST REGION ----------------- ----------------- DEPARTEMENT DE LA MENCHUM MENCHUM DIVISION ----------------- ----------------- COMMUNE DE BENAKUMA BENAKUMA COUNCIL ----------------- BENAKUMA COUNCIL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (CDP) MARCH 2012 Benakumaa Council Development Plan-CDP Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The decentralization process is taking root in Cameroon. Councils are facing a formidable task to establish sustained and sustainable economic growth through increased performamce and productivity as the necessary basis for reducing poverty. An informed approach is to have a strategy to face the future challenges and missions of the council. The strategic instrument is the Council Development Plan (CDP) which is a document that aims to bring public service closer to the population by a total commitment of the council towards the population it serves. With the decentralization process, the administrative and institutional environment of council management, its human, material and financial resources will be called upon to increasingly contribute. Our space here is Benakuma Council which was created in 1993 by Decree No. 93/321 of 25 November 1993 relating to the creation of Urban and Rural Councils in Cameroon. The council area corresponds to the Menchum Valley Sub-Division, Menchum Division in the North-West Region of Cameroon. The council went operational in 1996 covering a surface area of 1 050 sq. km and a total population of 50 384 inhabitants as per the 2005 General Population and Housing Census. There are two main clans in the municipality: the Beba-Befang and the Esimbi clans. -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
0 0 0 0 Acasa Program Final For
PROGRAM ABSTRACTS FOR THE 15TH TRIENNIAL SYMPOSIUM ON AFRICAN ART Africa and Its Diasporas in the Market Place: Cultural Resources and the Global Economy The core theme of the 2011 ACASA symposium, proposed by Pamela Allara, examines the current status of Africa’s cultural resources and the influence—for good or ill—of market forces both inside and outside the continent. As nation states decline in influence and power, and corporations, private patrons and foundations increasingly determine the kinds of cultural production that will be supported, how is African art being reinterpreted and by whom? Are artists and scholars able to successfully articulate their own intellectual and cultural values in this climate? Is there anything we can do to address the situation? WEDNESDAY, MARCH 23, 2O11, MUSEUM PROGRAM All Museum Program panels are in the Lenart Auditorium, Fowler Museum at UCLA Welcoming Remarks (8:30). Jean Borgatti, Steven Nelson, and Marla C. Berns PANEL I (8:45–10:45) Contemporary Art Sans Frontières. Chairs: Barbara Thompson, Stanford University, and Gemma Rodrigues, Fowler Museum at UCLA Contemporary African art is a phenomenon that transcends and complicates traditional curatorial categories and disciplinary boundaries. These overlaps have at times excluded contemporary African art from exhibitions and collections and, at other times, transformed its research and display into a contested terrain. At a moment when many museums with so‐called ethnographic collections are expanding their chronological reach by teasing out connections between traditional and contemporary artistic production, many museums of Euro‐American contemporary art are extending their geographic reach by globalizing their curatorial vision. -
Options for a National Culture Symbol of Cameroon: Can the Bamenda Grassfields Traditional Dress Fit?
EAS Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Abbreviated Key Title: EAS J Humanit Cult Stud ISSN: 2663-0958 (Print) & ISSN: 2663-6743 (Online) Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya Volume-2 | Issue-1| Jan-Feb-2020 | DOI: 10.36349/easjhcs.2020.v02i01.003 Research Article Options for a National Culture Symbol of Cameroon: Can the Bamenda Grassfields Traditional Dress Fit? Venantius Kum NGWOH Ph.D* Department of History Faculty of Arts University of Buea, Cameroon Abstract: The national symbols of Cameroon like flag, anthem, coat of arms and seal do not Article History in any way reveal her cultural background because of the political inclination of these signs. Received: 14.01.2020 In global sporting events and gatherings like World Cup and international conferences Accepted: 28.12.2020 respectively, participants who appear in traditional costume usually easily reveal their Published: 17.02.2020 nationalities. The Ghanaian Kente, Kenyan Kitenge, Nigerian Yoruba outfit, Moroccan Journal homepage: Djellaba or Indian Dhoti serve as national cultural insignia of their respective countries. The https://www.easpublisher.com/easjhcs reason why Cameroon is referred in tourist circles as a cultural mosaic is that she harbours numerous strands of culture including indigenous, Gaullist or Francophone and Anglo- Quick Response Code Saxon or Anglophone. Although aspects of indigenous culture, which have been grouped into four spheres, namely Fang-Beti, Grassfields, Sawa and Sudano-Sahelian, are dotted all over the country in multiple ways, Cameroon cannot still boast of a national culture emblem. The purpose of this article is to define the major components of a Cameroonian national culture and further identify which of them can be used as an acceptable domestic cultural device. -
Yemba Laments: Analyzing a Burial Event with an Eye to Bible Translation
YEMBA LAMENTS: ANALYZING A BURIAL EVENT WITH AN EYE TO BIBLE TRANSLATION By Gretchen Louise Harro Presented to the Faculty of Dallas International University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts With major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University December 2020 © 2020 Gretchen Louise Harro All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT YEMBA LAMENTS: ANALYZING A BURIAL EVENT WITH AN EYE TO BIBLE TRANSLATION Gretchen Louise Harro Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University, December 2020 Supervising Professor: Dr. Peter Unseth This thesis examines the content and role of Yemba lament songs (Cameroon). A 4 day burial event was recorded, and Schrag’s (2013) seven lens descriptive approach is used, to provide a detailed description of the event. Conceptual Metaphor Theory is used to examine the database of 109 song extracts, leading to the identification of a primary metaphor, LIFE IS A JOURNEY. Though metaphor is the most frequent poetic device (32%), other poetic devices occur and are discussed: metonymy, rhetorical questions, irony, etc. Finally, turning to issues of Bible translation, aspects of Zogbo and Wendland (2020) are discussed. A biblical lament, (2 Sam 1:19-27), is analyzed and used to compare Hebrew and Yemba inventories of poetic devices and themes. The results reveal a great deal of overlap, with the major exception being the many types of Hebrew parallelism. It is suggested that such comparisons of lament texts would benefit Mother Tongue Translators as they prepare for translating. DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my parents, Stewart and Virginia Harro, who always encouraged me to step out in faith, where the Lord would lead me to new adventures. -
Bambui Arts and Culture
Bambui Arts and Culture Bambui Arts and Culture By Mathias Alubafi Fubah Bambui Arts and Culture By Mathias Alubafi Fubah This book first published 2018 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2018 by Mathias Alubafi Fubah All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-0619-3 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-0619-0 To the memory of MAMA NGWENGEH and MAMA FEHKIEUH CONTENTS Foreword .................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgement ...................................................................................... xi List of Objects .......................................................................................... xiii List of Tables ........................................................................................... xvii Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter One ................................................................................................. 7 The Name, Geography, Location and History Geographical Location History Chapter Two ............................................................................................. -
The Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon: a Geopolitical Analysis
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by European Scientific Journal (European Scientific Institute) European Scientific Journal December 2019 edition Vol.15, No.35 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 The Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon: A Geopolitical Analysis Ekah Robert Ekah, Department of 'Cultural Diversity, Peace and International Cooperation' at the International Relations Institute of Cameroon (IRIC) Doi:10.19044/esj.2019.v15n35p141 URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2019.v15n35p141 Abstract Anglophone Cameroon is the present-day North West and South West (English Speaking) regions of Cameroon herein referred to as No-So. These regions of Cameroon have been restive since 2016 in what is popularly referred to as the Anglophone crisis. The crisis has been transformed to a separatist movement, with some Anglophones clamoring for an independent No-So, re-baptized as “Ambazonia”. The purpose of the study is to illuminate the geopolitical perspective of the conflict which has been evaded by many scholars. Most scholarly write-ups have rather focused on the causes, course, consequences and international interventions in the crisis, with little attention to the geopolitical undertones. In terms of methodology, the paper makes use of qualitative data analysis. Unlike previous research works that link the unfolding of the crisis to Anglophone marginalization, historical and cultural difference, the findings from this paper reveals that the strategic location of No-So, the presence of resources, demographic considerations and other geopolitical parameters are proving to be responsible for the heightening of the Anglophone crisis in Cameroon and in favour of the quest for an independent Ambazonia. -
Sociolinguistic Language Survey of Ngwe
Sociolinguistic Language Survey of Ngwe Fontem, Alou, and Wabane Subdivisions Lebialem Division South West Province Michael and Charlene Ayotte SIL International 2002 2 Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 General Information 1.2 Acknowledgements 1.3 Research Objectives 1.4 Locality 1.5 Linguistic Classification 1.6 Previous Research 2.0 Methodology 2.1 Sociolinguistics: Rapid Appraisal 2.2 Lexicostatistics 2.3 Recorded Text Testing (RTT) 2.3.1 Purpose 2.3.2 Selection and Screening of Participants 2.3.3 Interpretation of RTT Results 3.0 Ngwe Research Results 3.1 Demographic Situation 3.1.1 Origins 3.1.2 Population 3.2 Dialect Situation 3.2.1 Nomenclature 3.2.2 Language Variation within Ngwe 3.3 Multilingualism 3.3.1 Related and Other Languages 3.3.2 Languages of Wider Communication 3.4 Language Vitality and Viability 3.4.1 Migration and Intermarriage 3.4.2 Language Use 3.4.3 Language Maintenance and Shift 3.5 Linguistic Attitudes 3.5.1 Attitudes Toward the Mother Tongue 3.5.2 Standardization Efforts 3.5.3 Attitudes toward Other Languages 4.0 Summary 4.1 Overall Impressions 4.2 Lebang Dialect Summary and Conclusions 4.3 Nwametaw Dialect Summary and Conclusions 4.4 Njoagwi Summary and Conclusions 4.5 Mmockngie Summary and Conclusions 5.0 Conclusions 6.0 Recommendations 7.0 Unanswered Research Questions 8.0 Modifications to Ethnologue Appendix A: Ethnologue Entries Appendix B: ALCAM Entries 3 Appendix C: Lexicostatistical Analysis Comparison Matrix Appendix D: RTT Calculations and Comments Appendix E: Ngwe Text and Test Questions Appendix F: Yemba Text and Test Questions Appendix G: Itinerary and Event Summary Appendix H: Ngwe Word Lists APPENDIX I: Group Questionnaire APPENDIX J: Questionnaire for Church Leaders APPENDIX K: Questionnaire for School Officials Bibliography Additional Resources 4 1.0 Introduction 1.1 General Information This report is a synthesis of the data from a rapid appraisal survey accomplished during the week of February 20–23, 2001, and a previous sociolinguistic survey done by Michael Nkwemnji Akamin as presented in his Master’s thesis (1985). -
Orthography Development for Creole Languages Decker, Ken
University of Groningen Orthography Development for Creole Languages Decker, Ken IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2014 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Decker, K. (2014). Orthography Development for Creole Languages. [S.n.]. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 01-10-2021 ORTHOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT FOR CREOLE LANGUAGES KENDALL DON DECKER The work in this thesis has been carried out under the auspices of SIL International® in collaboration with the National Kriol Council of Belize. -
The So-Called Royal Register of Bafut Within the Bafut Language Ecology
Chapter 3 The So-Called Royal Register of Bafut within the Bafut Language Ecology Language Ideologies and Multilingualism in the Cameroonian Grassfields Pierpaolo Di Carlo and Ayu’nwi N. Neba 1. INTRODUCTION: ARE LOWER FUNGOM AND LOWER CASAMANCE SUI GENERIS CASES? For decades, research on multilingualism in African countries has been mostly limited to urban settings (e.g., Scotton 1975, 1976; Myers-Scotton 1993; Dakubu 1997; Mc Laughlin 2009; Kamwangamalu 2012; Mba and Sadembouo 2012). More recently, studies stemming from the documentation of endangered languages have widened the scope of this research to include rural areas of the continent as well (Di Carlo 2016; Lüpke 2016; Cobbinah et al. 2016; Di Carlo, Good, and Ojong Diba 2019).1 This recent development is a welcome advance toward a greater geographic coverage of multilingual phenomena in Africa. Furthermore, approaching communicative practices in rural areas—such as Lower Fungom in northwest Cameroon and Lower Casamance in Senegal—means targeting areas that are characterized, on the one hand, by high degrees of linguistic diversity and, on the other, by the presence of persisting precolonial sociocultural traits. Ways of speaking in these areas, while surely not constituting a unitary phenomenon, are nonethe- less distinct from what is known from urban environments. A key component of these previously undocumented ways of speaking is that, according to the local metapragmatic knowledge, language choice allows the indexing of types of identities that have seldom, if ever, been described in the sociolinguistic literature on multilingualism in Africa. By default, one would expect that any given (socio)linguistic fact, including lan- guage choice, would be used to index a certain population and, by association 29 RL_03_DICARLO_C003_docbook_new_indd.indd 29 15-11-2019 9.03.42 PM 30 Pierpaolo Di Carlo and Ayu’nwi N. -
Cartography of the War in Southern Cameroons Ambazonia
Failed Decolonization of Africa and the Rise of New States: Cartography of the War in Southern Cameroons Ambazonia Roland Ngwatung Afungang* pp. 53-75 Introduction From the 1870s to the 1900s, many European countries invaded Africa and colonized almost the entire continent except Liberia and Ethiopia. African kingdoms at the time fought deadly battles with the imperialists but failed to stop them. The invaders went on and occupied Africa, an occupation that lasted up to the 1980s. After World War II, the United Nations (UN) resolution 1514 of 14 December 1960 (UN Resolution 1415 (1960), accessed on 13 Feb. 2019) obliged the colonial powers to grant independence to colonized peoples and between 1957 and 1970, over 90 percent of African countries got independence. However, decolonization was not complete as some colonial powers refused to adhere to all the provisions of the above UN resolution. For example, the Portuguese refused to grant independence to its African colonies (e.g. Angola and Mozambique). The French on their part granted conditional independence to their colonies by maintaining significant ties and control through the France-Afrique accord (an agreement signed between France and its colonies in Africa). The France-Afrique accord led to the creation of the Franc CFA, a currency produced and managed by the French treasury and used by fourteen African countries (African Business, 2012). CFA is the acronym for “Communauté Financière Africaine” which in English stands for “African Financial Community”. Other colonial powers violated the resolution by granting independence to their colonies under a merger agreement. This was the case of former British Southern Cameroons and Republic of Cameroon, South Sudan and Republic of Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia, Senegal and Gambia (Senegambia Confederation, 1982-1989). -
AFRICAN LANGUAGES and APPLIED LINGUISTICS: from THEORY to PRACTICE in CAMEROON. Emmanuel NFORBI (PHD) Associate Professor Of
EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science ISSN: 2208-2174 AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND APPLIED LINGUISTICS: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE IN CAMEROON. Emmanuel NFORBI (PHD) Associate Professor of linguistics, University of Dschang, Cameroon. Head of Department, African Studies and Globalization, Head of African Studies and Globalization laboratory, Vice-Chair, Society for Cameroonian Languages and Cultures. [email protected] Abstract This article examines the efforts involved in Applied Linguistics in the domain of African Languages in Cameroon. With current focus on multilingualism and multiculturalism, proposals on curriculum and didactic material are made. The input of Maurice Tadadjeu, the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) and the University of Dschang are highlighted. Introduction After independence, Cameroon emerged as a Bilingual Nation with English and French as official languages. The advantages from such a policy have been evident. Cameroonians have interpreted the global community with ease through these two renowned world languages. Many Cameroonians have accepted each other by dint of bilingualism that facilitates social integration. For over fifty years of independence, we have worked and improved on our bilingual policies. In recent years, linguistic sentiments have proven that we need to add a multicultural component to our cherished bilingual policy, when the National commission on bilingualism and multiculturalism was created, other realities emerged. How do we incorporate the multilingual and multicultural component in the educational system? This question is a curriculum problem. How do we organise, programme and implement a bilingual and multicultural programmes? The huge research that had gone on over the decades in mother-tongue education has laid a good foundation for mother-tongue education in Cameroon.