Streetwise, Map Reading LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Grid References Ordnance An Ordnance Survey map is a detailed map produced by mapping agency of YouTube link Survey the United Kingdom (UK). 1. Findthe placeon the map. symbol Map symbols are used to represent real 2. Count alongthe numbersat objects. Both shapes and colours can be the bottom of the map until used for symbols on maps. you get to the lineat the Never eat shredded wheat! beginning of the square you compass The compass points help us to navigate want. or find our way. The key compass points Sticky Knowledge about 3. Count up the numbersat the points are north, south, east and west. side of the map until you come Map Reading to the line at the bottom of the grid reference Geographers use a simple numbered square you want. grid over a map. The numbers help  Shrewsbury is a town in Shropshire on the banks them identify the position of something The camp site is of the River Severn. by its co-ordinates – its grid reference. in square 03 63 OS map A set of agreed symbols for common  Shropshire is a county in the West Midlands and features on maps. borders Cheshire, Staffordshire, Herefordshire & symbols Worcestershire Map Symbols key A list of symbols and what they mean.  Tithe maps were used in the 19th Century. These maps show who owned the land and what it scale This shows the relationship between how was used for. At the time, one tenth of the big something is in real life and how big it produce was paid to the church. Tithe maps is on a map or drawing. show us how land was used in the past. boundaries On maps these are lines that mark the  There has been a town where Shrewsbury is for edges of countries and counties. over 1000 years. During that time it has grown bigger, increased in population and land use aerial Photographs of the ground from an has changed. elevated/direct-down position. photograph  Shrewsbury was built in a loop of the River Severn. The English and Welsh Bridges, dating compass A compass is a tool used to show back to Norman Britain, were built to keep the directions. It has a needle that spins and Welsh out but are now used so that people can always points north. get into Shrewsbury. digital This involves creating or using a digital or  Shrewsbury is connected to many places in electronic map (using Digimap for England and Wales by roads, railways and mapping example). rivers. St Giles’ CE Primary School Mountains LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Exciting Books peak The peak is the highest point of any mountain. valley A valley is a long depression, or ditch, in the Earth's surface and usually lies between ranges of hills or mountains. cliff Cliffs are tall, steep rocks that were created by erosion and have vertical faces. ridge A ridge is part of the steep, sloping side of a mountain. plateau A plateau is an area of flat ground that is much higher than the surrounding Sticky Knowledge about area. mountains summit The summit is the highest point of a  Mountains make up one-fifth of the world’s mountain. landscape. hill A hill is a landform that is high but not  Mount Everest is the world highest mountain high enough to be a mountain. and it is 8,850m high. British mountains terrain Terrain is used as a general term when  There are mountains under the surface of the Ben Nevis – the highest referring to the lie of the land. sea. mountain in Scotland and the UK at 1345m. range A mountain range is a group or chain of  80% of our fresh water originates from mountains that are close together. mountains. Snowden – the highest tectonic The Earth's outer layer is made up of  The highest 14 mountains in the world are all mountain in Wales at 1085. large, moving pieces called plates. found in the Himalayas. plates Skafell Pike – the highet fault line A break or fracture in the ground that  Generally mountains are higher than 600m, if mountain in England at occurs when the Earth's tectonic plates they are less they are called hills. 978m. move or shift and where earthquakes are more likely to occur.  Mountains can be rocky and barren but some have trees growing on their sides and very Pennines – a mountain Fold mountains are formed when two fold high mountains have snow on their peaks. range in England, plates run into each other or collide. mountains sometimes called the St Giles’ CE Primary School backbone of England. There are five basic kinds of mountains: Mountainous areas of Fold Mountains: Dome Mountains These are the result of a great amount of melted rock the United Kingdom These are formed from (magma) pushing its way up under the earth crust. Without actually the folding of the erupting onto the surface, the magma pushes up overlaying rock layers. At earth's crust when the some point, the magma cools and forms hardened rock and is called a tectonic plates push dome because of its shape. together. Fault-block Mountains Plateau Mountains These Instead of the earth folding over, the mountains are formed by Grampian Volcanic Mountains earth's crust fractures (pulls apart). It erosion creating large areas of Mountains These are formed when breaks up into blocks or chunks. flat land which are over 600m molten rock (magma) Sometimes these blocks of rock above sea level. deep within the earth, move up and down, as they move erupts, and piles upon apart and blocks of rock end up being the surface. stacked on one another. Cumbrian Mountains

Cambrian Mountains Urals Rocky Mounta Alps Pyrenees ins Appalachian Mountains Atlas Himalayas Mountains

World’s highest mountains: • Mount Everest, Himalayas • K2, Pakistan Andes Great • Kangchenjunga, Himalayas, Dividing Nepal/India Range • Lhotse, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet • Makalu, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet Mountain Ranges around the World • Cho Oyu, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet • Dhaulagiri, Nepal European Study, Greece LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Europe Comparing Greece and the UK UK Greece Europe Europe is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere. Currency Pound Euro European The EU is a group of 27 European countries which tries to make it easier for Union (EU) them to buy and sell things/trade with Language English Greek each other. United Flag Mediterranean This is the sea which separates the Kingdom continents of Europe, Africa and Asia. Greece Highest Ben Nevis Mount climate The general weather conditions that are Mountain Olympus typical of a place. Famous Stonehenge The Euros Euro is the currency used by many of the monument Acropolis European Union countries including Sticky Knowledge about Longest River Haliacman Greece Greece river Severn A city is a large town, and a capital city capital city  There are 50 countries in Europe. A small is the city where the government for the European Capital number of these countries are considered to country sits. be a part of both Europe and Asia. Cities port A place where ships load and unload goods or passengers.  Greece is in Southern Europe and a member Country Capital City of the European Union. It shares borders with physical These are natural features of land Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, and England London including mountains, coasts, beaches, Bulgaria in north and in east by Turkey. features weather and rivers. Scotland Edinburgh  Greece reaches into the Ionian Sea and the human Things such as language, religion and Mediterranean Sea. It has approximately Wales Cardiff population distribution are examples 3,000 islands which are popular holiday features of human characteristics destinations. France Paris

 The climate in Greece is temperate ranging Germany Berlin mainland The largest part of a country or continent from hot and dry in the summer to cold in the is the mainland when contrasting it with winter. Italy Rome the islands around it .  Greece has a landscape of forests, rivers, Spain Madrid natural These are natural events that can lead to mountain ranges and beaches. loss of life. Natural hazards in Greece Austria Vienna hazards include earthquakes, droughts, wildfires  The capital city of Greece is Athens. It is one and floods. In the UK we have some of the oldest cities in the world and it is a port Greece Athens droughts and some flooding. city. St Giles’ CE Primary School

Romans and Roads LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Grid References Ordnance An Ordnance Survey map is a detailed map produced by mapping agency of the United YouTube Survey Kingdom (UK). link 1. Findthe placeon the map. OS symbols A set of agreed symbols for common features 2. Count alongthe numbersat on maps. the bottom of the map until Never eat shredded wheat! you get to the lineat the compass The compass points help us to navigate or find beginning of the square you our way. The key compass points are north, Sticky Knowledge about want. points south, east and west. 3. Count up the numbersat the Romans and Roads side of the map until you come grid Geographers use a simple numbered grid over to the line at the bottom of the a map. The numbers help them identify the  The Roman Empire started in Rome, Italy, but by square you want. reference position of something by its grid reference. the time the Romans invaded Britain they came from all over the Roman Empire. The camp site is A list of symbols and what they mean. key in square 03 63  The Romans built large settlements which were scale This shows the relationship between how big often close to rivers. Streets in the town formed something is in real life and how big it is on a a grid pattern. map or drawing.  The Romans first settled in what is now London, Map Symbols compass A compass is a tool used to show directions. It but they built many roads which linked to other has a needle that spins and always points Roman towns and cities in the most direct way north. possible. Before this, there were just muddy tracks. digital This involves creating or using a digital or electronic map (using Digimap for example).  Wroxeter and Chester were important Roman mapping cities known as Viroconium and Deva. town A town is a settlement which is larger than a  Shrewsbury was built in a loop of the River village but smaller than a city. Modern towns Severn. The English and Welsh Bridges, dating have schools, as well as sometimes having a back to Norman Britain, were built to keep the railway station and shopping centre. Welsh out but are now used so that people can get into Shrewsbury. city A city is the largest type of settlement, containing lots of buildings and lots of people.  Shrewsbury is connected to many places in England and Wales by roads and motorways roads Roads link cities, towns and villages. that follow the route of the old Roman roads. This includes the Roman Road in Shrewsbury motorway Motorways are wide roads with 2 or more lanes and the A5 that connects Shrewsbury to in each direction and link large towns and Chester. cities. St Giles’ CE Primary School Roman Settlements in Britain Volcanoes and Italy LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Sticky Knowledge Map of Western Europe Europe Europe is a continent in the northern about Italy and Some European flags hemisphere. It is the second smallest continent in area, but it has the third volcanoes largest population of the seven continents.  Italy is a country in southern Mediterranean To do with the Mediterranean Sea (which Europe. It is a boot-shaped lies between Europe and Africa) or the peninsula that just out into the countries around it. Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea and kicking the ball Rome The capital city of Italy. of Sicily. Alps The highest and most extensive mountain range in Europe.  Italy shares borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, The Vatican City and San Marino. Vesuvius The only active volcano in mainland Europe.

 The Dolomites, part of the Alps, Etna Mount Etna is the highest and most active volcano in the whole of Europe. are in northern Italy. Map of Italy Eruption An explosion of steam and lava from a volcano.  While Mount Vesuvius is the only active volcano in mainland Europe, there are three active magma A molten substance beneath the earth’s volcanoes in Italy; these include crust. Mount Etna in Sicily and Stromboli on another Italian island. lava Molten rock that flows from a volcano. dormant Living or existing but not active or extinct: a dormant volcano is one which may still  Italy is closer to the equator than erupt. the UK and so is warmer. The climate is described as Extinct means no longer in existence. An extinct Mediterranean in the south, and extinct volcano is one which is no longer Alpine in the north. active. St Giles’ CE Primary School Comparing Italy and the UK

• Both Italy and the UK are countries in Europe. • The UK is in northern Europe while Italy is in Southern Europe. • Italy is closer to the equator and so is warmer than the UK. • Italy is slightly larger than the UK, but more people live • Nearly three times as many people live in London than in Rome. • Italy has higher mountains than the UK. Mount Blanc is 4807m high while Ben Nevis is 1345m. • There are no active volcanoes in the UK, but there are 3 in Italy. • Extinct volcanoes in the UK include Mount Snowdon and Ben Nevis. City Study, Liverpool - LKS2 Knowledge Mat Subject Specific Vocabulary Buildings, Bands United The United Kingdom (UK) is a state made up and Teams of the historic countries of England, Wales Kingdom and Scotland, as well as Northern Ireland. The Liver Building, North West The North West of England is the third most Liverpool populated area of the UK and includes Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. county A county is a region of the UK which has its own local government. Shrewsbury is in Shropshire. Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral city A city is a large settlement. Most cities in the Sticky Knowledge about UK have a cathedral. Cities have lots of Manchester and Liverpool shops and can be popular with tourists. Liverpool is a city in the county of Merseyside.  Liverpool is a large cities in the North West of the town A town is a settlement with fixed boundaries. United Kingdom. They are usually bigger than villages, but  Liverpool is situated on the West coast of The Beatles smaller than cities. Shrewsbury is a town. England. estuary This is where the mouth of the river meets the  Shrewsbury is a town in the county of Shropshire sea. and is in the West Midlands close to the Welsh border. coast This is where land meets the sea.  Motorways and railway lines link Shrewsbury canal A canal is a manmade waterway that allows with Liverpool. Previously, they have also been boats and ships to pass from one body of linked to by canals via the Shropshire Union water to another. Canal and the Manchester Shipping Canal. Getting to Liverpool motorway A motorway is a major road that has been  Liverpool is situated in the Mersey estuary, on specially built for fast travel over long the banks of the River Mersey and the River distances. Severn passes through Shrewsbury. Tourism means people travelling for fun. It tourism  Liverpool has working docks. includes activities such as sightseeing and camping. docks A dock is a structure for bringing boats or  The Beatles were a famous band from Liverpool ships in to the shore and loading or unloading and were popular in the 1960s and 70s. Their them of goods or passengers. music is still popular today around the world. St Giles’ CE Primary School