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Indian Institute of Spices Research Calicut - 673012, Kerala )_. 27-29 November 2003 Indian Society for Spices IISR, Calicut - 673012, Kerala ICAR Research Complex for Goa Old Goa - 403 402 Indian Institute of Spices Research Calicut - 673012, Kerala C~~lC~l . Il,,,, N~;:~~;:';'~~ (\:) .. "",lIonal Horticultural Board,Gurgaon Spices Board, Kochi www.spicesociety.org IIIOIAII HlsmUTE OF SPICES REIURCIt COM~LIMIiN'l'AItr CAliCUT - i71 1112 CO" Ace_illl No: ..... '::/1/:1..8 ••• _._••• O.ta, .•••• Cf.• :./j.:.. 9.ft ••. _. __ Proceedings of the National Seminar on New Perspectives in Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 27-29 November 2003 Indian Society for Spices USR, Callcut - 673 012, Kerala lCAR Research Complex for Goa Old Goa - 403 402 Indian Institute of Spices Research Calicut - 673 012, Kerala NABARD, Mumbai National Horticultural Board, Gurgaon Spices.Board, Koehl www.spicesociety.org _. -<:¥'-- ":;_1 •.• 't.!-> . i . , INOIAN IHSTllU T[ 0 srns RESEAtiI.'f . CAUCUl - 67i 012 Accession. "0~. ...... ··..3~ .,. ~.a._ D ..... /-t. /, .Q;;•••• - DB t 8 ..•••••••• ·,~····~····· Published by Indian Society for Spices C/o Indian Institute of Spices Research Calicut, Kerala, India Citation Proceedings of the National Seminar on New Perspectives in Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 27-29 November 2003 Editors V S Korikanthimath T John Zachariah K Nirmal Babu R Suseela Bhai K Kandiannan Cover designed A Sudhakaran, IISR ~ . March 2004 Printed at Malabar Offsets (fVt)Ltd. Calicut - 673 016 FOREWORD India is well known as the spice boat of the world. The vast diversity and bounty of spices, medicinal and aromatic plants found in India are quite amazing. India is the centre of origin for major spices like black ,~ pepper, small and large cardamom besides ginger and turmeric. fudian spices are well known fdr· distinct flavour and aroma all over the world. The large potential of Indian spices has attracted many fQ(eigne~ to India. From over 2.5 million hectares of area under spices in the COWltry, about 3 million tones of spices are produced annually. Although only 10 percent of spices fonn exportable surplus foreign exchange as high as Rs. 2025 crares was realized in 1999-2000 by exporting 2.36lakh tones of spices. Unlike other plantation crops Indian domestic market for spices is quite alarming wherein 90% of spices produced in the country are consumed indigenously which is a positive development. Medicinal and aromatic plants have been used by mankind from time immemorial for health, food, fragrance, cosmetics etc. About 2000 native plant species are curative and 1300 are known for their aroma and flavour. Indian systems of medicine v;z., Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha are gaining much interest in the country and world wide. The international market of medicinal plants is over US $ 60 billion per year, which is growing at the rate of seven percent. The world essential oil production at raw material level is estimated at around US $ 90 crores annually. With global change from synthetics to naturals, the demand for medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing constantly even in the domeslic market. But the indiscrimlnate exploitation of herbru wealth, which once constituted over 7000 types has resulted in their diminishing availability. Thus, spices, medicinal and aromatic crops constitute a major plant wealth of India. The role played by spices and aromatic crops is remarkable in food and herbal medicinal industries. Though Indian sub continent is quite rich in bio-diversity of spices, medicinal and aromatic crops, there exists yawning gap between actual and potential yields. As there is an alarming demand both in domestic and international markets, it is imperative to increase production and productivity of these high value crops. Looking to the above strengths and constraints, it is quite commendable to note than the Indian Society for Spices. Calicut, Kerala in collaborate with ICAR Research Complex for Goa and Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, conducted the National Seminar on New Perspectives in Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants at Goa during 27-29 November 2003, to discuss, deliberate and chalk out future strategies for making India globally competitive. What impressed me most was the exclusive Farmers Interactive Session which was conducted on the very first day of the seminar (27th November 2(03) before conunencement of five technical sessions and feedback of field oriented farmers formed bedrock of discussions. This would give the real feel of the magnitude of the location and crop specific problems and constraints to pave the way for planning future strategies for increasing the production and productivity of these national and international high value crops. It is heartening to note that the above seminar was attended by 225 delegates. I appredate Dr. V 5 Korikanthimath, president and Dr. John Zachariah, Secretary, Indian Society for Spices, Calicut and entire team of Scientists of ICAR Research Complex for Goa and Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, Kerala for organizing the above seminar in a most befitting marmer. I take this opportunity to place on record my appreciation for the financial assistance extended by NABARD, Mumbai for printing the proceedings. a 5 Samra) Deputy Director General (NRM) Indian Council of Agricultural Research Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi PREFACE Spices, medicinal and aromatic plants form the wealth of India. Our country is the centre of origin in many of these crops. Indian systems of medicine like A yurveda, Sidha and Unani utilizes the properties of these groups of plants. Like the diversity of Indian culture we can find diversity in these crops too. Industry which utilizes aromatic and medicinal plants help uS to improve our foreign exchange earning through export of raw and finished products and also through the tourism development. Organizing the National Seminar on New Perspectives in Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of this nature at Goa during 27-29, November is a commendable achievement of Indian Society for spices, Calicut, lCAR Research complex for Goa, Goa and Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, Kerala .. This publication comprises 115 contributory papers which are presented during the Conference. Out of these 35 pertain to Crop Improvement & Biotechnology, 59 to Crop Production & Post Harvest Technology, 14 to Crop Protection, 4 to Transfer of Technology and 3 to Marketing. Crops covered in the proceedings are black pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, vanilla, medicinal and aromatic plants, etc. The opinions expressed in the papers contained in this volume are that of the authors and do not represent the views of the Indian Society for Spices. Due to paucity of time, we could not maintain full uniformity of all the papers. Any kind of typographical error in the papers may kindly be omitted. The financial assistance provided by National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Mumbai for publication of this volume is sincerely acknowledged. Dr. J S Samra, DDG(NRM), lCAR, New Delhi was s great source of strength of the seminar. He also delivered a keynote address for the seminar. The support given by various agencies, Dr. V A Parthasarathy, Director, IIS&, Calicut; Dr. V S Korikanthimath, President, Secretary and Office bearers of ISS, sincere ettort put in by Dr. J.R. Faleiro, Local Organizing Secretary, Chairmen and members of various committees of lCAR Research Complex for Goa and Staff Members of the Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut is gratefully acknowledged. The help rendered by Ms. T V Sandhya in typesetting and DTP is sincerely acknowledged. I· 19.03.04 "r" • '< . Editors CONTENTS Page Session I: CROP IMPROVEMENT AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 1. Detection of genetic diversity in Piper species using RAPO and AFLP markers 1 T D Babu, P A Nazeem, R Kesavachandran, C R Achuthan, D Girija, P Sureshkumar & K V Peter 2. Analysis of genetic fidelity in rooted cuttings of black pepper C H Shahanas, S 9 Syamkumar & B Sasikumar 3. High oleoresin Piper nigrum from Silent Valley National Park and .ly Nelliampathy forests of Western Ghats K V Saji, K Johnson George, B Sasikumar, T John Zachariah & V A Parthasarathy 4. Effect of r irradiation on callus growth and morphogenesis in black pepper 18 (Piper nigrum L) M R Shylaja & G Sreekandan Nair 5. ISSR - PCR, a potential tool for genetic diversity analysis in spices• K Johnsol 23 George, R Sandeep Varma, G Ganga, M Renuka, K C Shiju, P Utpala, B Sasikumar K V Saji & V A Parthasarathy 6. Comparative Pollination Biology of Vazhukka and Malabar Types of Small 27 Cardamom in south India V V Belavadi, K M KUfUvilla, S Varadarasan, C Parvathi, P Venkatesh Murthy, M Narayanaswamy, R Raghunatha & M A Ansar Ali 7. Path analysis in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Vijay Sankar Pandey, Vikrama 32 Prasad Pandey & P K Singh 8. Genotypic specificity in cumin under in vitro cultures M L Jakhar, L S Ohayal 37 & VS Rathore 9. Crop improvement through selection in kacholarn (Kal!mpferia galanga L.) 40 Alice Kurian & E V Nybe '10. Biochemical characterization of Capsicum sp by isozyme analysis K B Sheela, T 43 E George, K V Peter, A Agustine & Chembakam 11. Ginger plant is not shy in flowering P A Valsala & G Sreekandan Nair 46 12. In vitro adventitious bud regeneration in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) - 51 response of cultivars M R Shylaja, C R Sanchu, Resmi Paul & E V Nybe 13. Genetic variability in a collection of turmeric (Curcuma longa L) genotypes S 56 K Dash & J C Jana 14. Divergence Analysis of Turmeric (Curcuma longa l.) Vijay Sankar Pandey, 62 Vikrama Prasad Pandey, Shravan Pandey & J Dixit 15. Potentiality of hybrid-chilli cuttings S J N Baruah, B P Gautam & R K 66 Bhattacharyya 16. Evaluation of sixteen turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars grown under 72 Ghataprabha Left Bank Command (GLBC) area of Northern Kamataka with respect to growth, yield and rhizome characters B H Raveendra, S I Hanamashetti, Y K Kotikal & T R Shashidhar 17.
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