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.0 . EDmON SOUTH AFRICA. CATEWA.YOr TIlE C""trI'& 0' t;OO1J Hon SOUTH AFRICA (THE CAPE COLONY, NATAL, ORANGE FREE STATE, SOUTH AFRICAN . REPPBLIG, RHODESIA, AND ALL OTHER TERRITORIES SOUTH OF THE ZAMBESI) BY GEORGE M'CALL THEAL, D.Lrf., LL.D. NINTH IMPRESSION (SIXTH EDITION) 1on~on T. FISHER UNWIN PATBa.NOS1"Sa. SQUAIS COPVRJ(;HT BY T. FISHER UNWIN, 1894 (For Great Britain). CopfiRlGHT BY G. P. PUTNAM'S, 1894 (For the United Stal~ of America) Vb] (~ PREFACE TO FIFTH EDITION. THE chapters in this volume upon the Cape Colony before 1848, Natal before 1845, and the Orange Free State, South African Republic, Zulu land, and Basutoland before 1872, contain an outline of my History of South Africa, which has been published in -England in five octavo volumes. In that work my authorities are given, so they need not be repeated here. The remaining c~apters have been written merely from general acquaintance with South African affairs acquired during many years' residence -in the country, and have not the same claim to be regarded as absolutely correct, though I have endeavoured to make them reliable. In prep,!ring the book I was guided by the principle that truth should tie told, regardless of nationalities or parties, and I strove to the utmost. to avoid anything like favour or prejudice. The above was the preface to the first edition of this book, which was __ puJ:>lished in September, 1893. As successive edition!;" aRB"ared the volume was enlarged, and nov: it has been my task to add the saddest chapter of the whole, the one in which is recorded the bc~inning. -
The Restoration of Tulbagh As Cultural Signifier
BETWEEN MEMORY AND HISTORY: THE RESTORATION OF TULBAGH AS CULTURAL SIGNIFIER Town Cape of A 60-creditUniversity dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the Degree of Master of Philosophy in the Conservation of the Built Environment. Jayson Augustyn-Clark (CLRJAS001) University of Cape Town / June 2017 Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment: School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town ‘A measure of civilization’ Let us always remember that our historical buildings are not only big tourist attractions… more than just tradition…these buildings are a visible, tangible history. These buildings are an important indication of our level of civilisation and a convincing proof for a judgmental critical world - that for more than 300 years a structured and proper Western civilisation has flourished and exist here at the southern point of Africa. The visible tracks of our cultural heritage are our historic buildings…they are undoubtedly the deeds to the land we love and which God in his mercy gave to us. 1 2 Fig.1. Front cover – The reconstructed splendour of Church Street boasts seven gabled houses in a row along its western side. The author’s house (House 24, Tulbagh Country Guest House) is behind the tree (photo by Norman Collins). -
Re-Creating Home British Colonialism, Culture And
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) RE-CREATING HOME BRITISH COLONIALISM, CULTURE AND THE ZUURVELD ENVIRONMENT IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Jill Payne Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Professor Paul Maylam Rhodes University Grahamstown May 1998 ############################################## CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ..................................... p. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................... p.iii PREFACE ................................................... p.iv ABSTRACT .................................................. p.v I: INTRODUCTION ........................................ p.1 II: ROMANCE, REALITY AND THE COLONIAL LANDSCAPE ...... p.15 III: LAND USE AND LANDSCAPE CHANGE .................... p.47 IV: ADVANCING SETTLEMENT, RETREATING WILDLIFE ........ p.95 V: CONSERVATION AND CONTROL ........................ p.129 VI: CONCLUSION ........................................ p.160 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................ p.165 i ############################################## LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure i. Map of the Zuurveld ............................... p.10 Figure ii. Representation of a Bushman elephant hunt ........... p.99 Figure iii: Representation of a colonial elephant hunt ........... p.100 ii ############################################## ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My grateful thanks must go firstly to Professor Paul Maylam. In overseeing -
A Brief History of Wine in South Africa Stefan K
European Review - Fall 2014 (in press) A brief history of wine in South Africa Stefan K. Estreicher Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1051, USA Vitis vinifera was first planted in South Africa by the Dutchman Jan van Riebeeck in 1655. The first wine farms, in which the French Huguenots participated – were land grants given by another Dutchman, Simon Van der Stel. He also established (for himself) the Constantia estate. The Constantia wine later became one of the most celebrated wines in the world. The decline of the South African wine industry in the late 1800’s was caused by the combination of natural disasters (mildew, phylloxera) and the consequences of wars and political events in Europe. Despite the reorganization imposed by the KWV cooperative, recovery was slow because of the embargo against the Apartheid regime. Since the 1990s, a large number of new wineries – often, small family operations – have been created. South African wines are now available in many markets. Some of these wines can compete with the best in the world. Stefan K. Estreicher received his PhD in Physics from the University of Zürich. He is currently Paul Whitfield Horn Professor in the Physics Department at Texas Tech University. His biography can be found at http://jupiter.phys.ttu.edu/stefanke. One of his hobbies is the history of wine. He published ‘A Brief History of Wine in Spain’ (European Review 21 (2), 209-239, 2013) and ‘Wine, from Neolithic Times to the 21st Century’ (Algora, New York, 2006). The earliest evidence of wine on the African continent comes from Abydos in Southern Egypt. -
University of Hawai`I at Mānoa Department of Economics Working Paper Series
University of Hawai`i at Mānoa Department of Economics Working Paper Series Saunders Hall 542, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 Phone: (808) 956 -8496 www.economics.hawaii.edu Working Paper No. 18-2 The Khoikhoi Population, 1652-1780:A Review of the Evidence and Two New Estimates By Sumner La Croix March 2018 The Khoikhoi Population, 1652-1780: A Review of the Evidence and Two New Estimates Sumner La Croix Dept. of Economics, University of Hawai‘i-Mānoa March 7, 2018 Abstract Fourie and Green construct estimates of the KhoiKhoi popuLation over the 1652- 1780 period using benchmarKs for the initiaL and terminaL Khoi popuLations and benchmarKs for the punctuated popuLation decLines from smaLLpox epidemics in 1713 and 1755. I review the evidence underLying each of the four popuLation benchmarKs and argue for a revised 1780 benchmarK. QuaLitative evidence also points to a higher rate of popuLation decLine between 1652 and 1723 and a smaLLer rate of decLine between 1723 and 1780. Using the Fourie-Green methodoLogy and adopting 3 of their 4 popuLation benchmarKs, I deveLop two revised estimates of the Khoi popuLation to suppLement the originaL Fourie and Green estimates. JEL: N17, J10 & J11 Keywords: Khoi; KhoiKhoi; San; Cape CoLony; smaLLpox; popuLation decLine AcKnowLedgements: I am indebted to FranK Lewis and Alan Dye for insightfuL comments on an earLier draft. 1 In 1652 the Dutch East India Company (VOC) estabLished an outpost in the Southwestern Cape where its passing East Indies fleet couLd stop to refresh suppLies of food and water, ilL saiLors couLd recover, and ship repairs couLd be made. -
The Dutch Governor, Jan Van Riebeeck Settled in South Africa in 1652 and Planted the First Vines of French Origin in 1655 in the Cape Town Area
The Dutch Governor, Jan van Riebeeck settled in South Africa in 1652 and planted the first vines of French origin in 1655 in the Cape Town area. His successor was Simon van der Stel, a well-travelled man with exposure to wine growing in Europe. What is seen today as the first geographical indication in South Africa, came about when Van der Stel established the Groot Constantia wine farm in 1685 where wines so produced were selected by people such as Napoleon of France, Frederick of Prussia and Bismarck of Germany. Incidentally, my home town in South Africa is Stellenbosch, named after Simon van der Stel who, after his retirement, decided to remain permanently in South Africa. A few years later French Huguenots arrived in the Cape and imported into South Africa French skills and traditions in wine making, settling in the town of Franschhoek and introducing French family names. The South African wine environment was rapidly expanding - geographically inland far beyond Constantia valley - through the inclusion of European names and descriptions. The skills of the Dutch and the French were employed to select the best wine growing areas, based on soil, climate and location, and so gave birth to what is seen today as the intellectual property of South Africa. For the sake of completeness, one should mention that South Africa was occupied by the British from time-to-time (a century from 1806 onwards) and separate from other achievements, they promoted exports from their colony and introduced certain quality control measures i.e. the birth of South African product legislation. -
The Growth of Population in the Province of the Western Cape
Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit A Tapestry of People: The Growth of Population in the Province of the Western Cape by Dudley Horner and Francis Wilson WORKING PAPER SERIES Number 21 About the Authors and Acknowledgments Professor Francis Wilson and Dudley Horner are both SALDRU Honorary Research Fellows and were previously respectively director and deputy-director of the research unit. We acknowledge with thanks the Directorate for Social Research & Provincial Population in the Department of Social Development within the Provincial Government of the Western Cape, and particularly Mr Gavin Miller and Dr Ravayi Marindo, who commissioned this study as part of the project on the state of population in the Western Cape Province. We thank, too, Mrs Brenda Adams and Mrs Alison Siljeur for all their assistance with the production of this report. While we have endeavoured to make this historical overview as accurate as possible we would welcome any comments suggesting appropriate amendments or corrections. Recommended citation Horner, D. and Wilson, F. (2008) E A Tapestry of People: The Growth of Population in the Province of the Western Cape. A Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit Working Paper Number 21. Cape Town: SALDRU, University of Cape Town ISBN: 978-0-9814123-2-0 © Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, UCT, 2008 Working Papers can be downloaded in Adobe Acrobat format from www.saldru.uct.ac.za. Printed copies of Working Papers are available for R15.00 each plus vat and postage charges. Contact: Francis Wilson - [email protected] Dudley Horner - [email protected] Orders may be directed to: The Administrative Officer, SALDRU, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, Tel: (021) 650 5696, Fax: (021) 650 5697, Email: [email protected] A Tapestry of People: The Growth of Population in the Province of the Western Cape by Dudley Horner & Francis Wilson Long Before Van Riebeeck. -
Knowledge and Colonialism: Eighteenth-Century Travellers in South Africa Atlantic World
Knowledge and Colonialism: Eighteenth-century Travellers in South Africa Atlantic World Europe, Africa and the Americas, 1500–1830 Edited by Wim Klooster Clark University and Benjamin Schmidt University of Washington VOLUME 18 Knowledge and Colonialism: Eighteenth-century Travellers in South Africa By Siegfried Huigen LEIDEN • BOSTON 2009 On the cover: “Coba Caffer Captein” (Gordon Atlas, G75). Courtesy of the Rijkspren- tenkabinet, Amsterdam. This book was originally published as Verkenningen van Zuid-Afrika. Achttiende-eeuwse reizigers aan de kaap (2007). This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Huigen, Siegfried. Knowledge and colonialism : eighteenth-century travellers in South Africa / by Siegfried Huigen. p. cm. — (Atlantic world : Europe, Africa, and the Americas, 1500–1830 ; v. 18) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-17743-7 (hbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)—Description and travel. 2. Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)—Description and travel—Sources. 3. Travelers—South Africa—Cape of Good Hope—History— 18th century. 4. Europeans—South Africa—Cape of Good Hope—History—18th century. 5. Ethnology—South Africa—Cape of Good Hope—History—18th century. 6. Ethnological expeditions—South Africa—Cape of Good Hope—History—18th century. 7. South Africa—History—To 1836. 8. South Africa—Colonial infl uence. 9. South Africa—Description and travel. 10. South Africa—Description and travel— Sources. I. Title. II. Series. DT2020.H85 2009 968.03—dc22 2009017888 ISSN 1570-0542 ISBN 978 90 04 17743 7 Copyright 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishers, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. -
Transactions Part 3
Transactions of the Lyceum Lodge of Research Volume 3 Transcriptions of papers presented during 1982 Published 1983 Johannesburg, South Africa i | Page W.Bro. George Kendall Master of Lyceum Lodge of Research 1983 ii | Page Foreword With the advent of micro-computers and the growing use of word-processors this issue may well be one of the last in its present form. It is quite obvious that these Transactions of Lyceum Lodge published in 1983 do not have left and right justification of its pages. It contains many spelling errors because the lectures are, for the most part, those actually used by the speaker when delivering the papers within the Lodge. In most cases they have typed the script themselves or had it typed by their secretary who may know nothing whatsoever about Freemasonry or the subject of the lecture. They are printed “warts and all” with only the more obvious mistakes sometimes altered and therefore come across with probably more of the lecturer’s true style than they would if edited. As such, they may prove in future years to become collectors’ items. Maybe there will be photocopy special editions printed for the edification of our successors long after we have departed to the Grand Lodge Above. For the record, only fifty copies of Volume I were printed and 100 of Volume 2. The first printing of this Volume 3 is again 100 but future editions will have to be increased especially in view of our rapidly increasing Correspondence Circle. So far, all copies have been made on members’ office copying machines - hence the rather varying quality. -
Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope Cape Town Archives Repository, South Africa
Resolutions of the Council of Policy of Cape of Good Hope Cape Town Archives Repository, South Africa Reference code: C. 62, pp. 22−35. Dingsdagh den 22e December 1722, voormiddags. Alle present, uijtgesondert den Heer independent fiscaal, Cornelis van Beaumont. Door den Edelen Heer Gouverneur ter vergadering ingebragt sijnde de overgeleverde nominatien, soo van burgerraden, weesmeesteren, commissarissen van civile en huwelijxe saken, als de kerkenraden van de Caab, Stellenbosch en Drakenstijn, [1] Soo is naar gehoudende besoigne goedgevonden en geresolveerd in steede der afgaande burgerraden Fredrik Russouw en Jan Casper Rigter, weeder om tot burgerraden te verkiesen Mattheus Bergsted en Valentijn Kleijnveld. Mitsgrs. in plaatse van de afgaande weesmeesteren Philip Rudolph de Savoije, Johannes Blankenberg en Gijsbert Lafebre, Isacq Scheepers, Fredrik Russouw en Johan Casper Rigter. Tot commissarissen van civiele en huwelijxe saken sijn insgelijx verkoren in plaatse van de afgaande Hendrik Swellengrebel, Johan Fredrijk de Lits en den overledene Francois Poulle, Evert Walraven Cochius, Christoffel Brand en Johannes Needer, en gelijk den president van dat collegie, den E. Kaje Jesse Slotsboo, ter vergaderinge bij monde versoek deede om van dat presidie te mogen werden ontslagen, Soo is sulx hem geaccordeert, en weeder tot president van commissarissen van civiele en huwelijxe saken aangestelt den onderkoopman en Secretaris deeser Vergadering, Adriaan van Kervel, dog belangende de gedane doleantie over de continueele afweesigheit van den mede commissaris Christoffel Hasewinkel, Soo is verstaan dat onsent weegen haarlieden bij missive sal werden betuijgt ons misnoegen over diergelijken disrespectieus en nalatig gedrag, en daaromme ook vorders gelast deesen Raad per naaste kennisse te geven bij aldien den voorme. -
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'Zonder eigen gewinne en glorie' : Mr. Iman Wilhelm Falck (1736-1785), gouverneur en directeur van Ceylon en Onderhorigheden Dulm, F. van der Citation Dulm, F. van der. (2012, February 9). 'Zonder eigen gewinne en glorie' : Mr. Iman Wilhelm Falck (1736-1785), gouverneur en directeur van Ceylon en Onderhorigheden. Uitgeverij Verloren, Hilversum. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/18470 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral License: thesis in the Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/18470 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Frits van Dulm Iman Wilhelm Falck (1736-1785) verhuisde als jongeling van Ceylon, het huidige Sri Lanka, naar Utrecht, waar hij rech- ten studeerde. Hij koos niet voor een bestuurlijke loopbaan ‘Zonder eigen gewinne en glorie’ in de Republiek, maar voor een ongewisse carrière in Azië. In 1765 werd hij benoemd tot gouverneur van de VOC-vestiging Ceylon, waar hij een einde maakte aan de oorlog met het binnen- landse koninkrijk Kandy. Gedurende twintig jaar toonde hij een eigenzinnige visie op de te volgen politiek ten opzichte van de opdringende Britse macht in India. Zijn matige gezondheid en grote teleurstelling over het weinig krachtige Nederlandse optreden tijdens de Vierde En- gelse Oorlog deden hem afzien van een verdere car- rière in Batavia. Deze biografie van Falck, gebaseerd op vele herontdekte archieven, geeft een interes- sant beeld van zijn leven als diplomaat, zijn familieachtergronden, netwerken en intriges evenals de handel en de bin- nen- en buitenlandse politiek in de acht- tiende eeuw. -
Fashion and the World of the Women of the VOC Official Elite
Fashion and the World of the Women of the VOC Official Elite Liza-Mari Coetzee, University of Johannesburg, [email protected] Abstract During the early modern period material culture increasingly started to serve as a symbol of identity and status rather than merely fulfilling a basic need. One example of such possessions that was particularly relevant for demonstrating social position is clothing. By using markers of distinction such as clothing, individuals could affirm or reaffirm their identities and could denote an association with a certain status group. At the Cape this means of distinction was utilised by the societal elite that consisted of a small group of senior officials with the Governor at the head. The Governor was appointed by the VOC and in all cases but one, was not locally born. Equally, many members of the VOC elite were temporarily stationed at the Cape and would return to Europe or move to another VOC station at the end of their tenure, most often taking their wives and daughters back with them. The aim of this article is to discuss women belonging to the VOC elite of Cape society and to determine firstly whether these women maintained their status through the use of status objects (in particular clothing and other items used for personal adornment). The second aim of the article is to determine what effect this use of clothing as a symbol of status had on the social consciousness of the importance or unimportance of a particular object. The article will also aim to determine how these women in the top echelons of society influenced and determined what types of fashion, dress and accessories were seen as status objects.