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GIPE-002633.Pdf .0 . EDmON SOUTH AFRICA. CATEWA.YOr TIlE C""trI'& 0' t;OO1J Hon SOUTH AFRICA (THE CAPE COLONY, NATAL, ORANGE FREE STATE, SOUTH AFRICAN . REPPBLIG, RHODESIA, AND ALL OTHER TERRITORIES SOUTH OF THE ZAMBESI) BY GEORGE M'CALL THEAL, D.Lrf., LL.D. NINTH IMPRESSION (SIXTH EDITION) 1on~on T. FISHER UNWIN PATBa.NOS1"Sa. SQUAIS COPVRJ(;HT BY T. FISHER UNWIN, 1894 (For Great Britain). CopfiRlGHT BY G. P. PUTNAM'S, 1894 (For the United Stal~ of America) Vb] (~ PREFACE TO FIFTH EDITION. THE chapters in this volume upon the Cape Colony before 1848, Natal before 1845, and the Orange Free State, South African Republic, Zulu­ land, and Basutoland before 1872, contain an outline of my History of South Africa, which has been published in -England in five octavo volumes. In that work my authorities are given, so they need not be repeated here. The remaining c~apters have been written merely from general acquaintance with South African affairs acquired during many years' residence -in the country, and have not the same claim to be regarded as absolutely correct, though I have endeavoured to make them reliable. In prep,!ring the book I was guided by the principle that truth should tie told, regardless of nationalities or parties, and I strove to the utmost. to avoid anything like favour or prejudice. The above was the preface to the first edition of this book, which was __ puJ:>lished in September, 1893. As successive edition!;" aRB"ared the volume was enlarged, and nov: it has been my task to add the saddest chapter of the whole, the one in which is recorded the bc~inning.. of a war whose results xii PR£PAC£. no man can foresee. That Great Britain with her enormous resources must c~nquer is obvious; but what then? Only when the last shot has been. fired will real difficulties commence. The Dutch-speaking people of South Africa have increased from 30,000 according to the census, or possibly 40,000, in 1806, to 400,000 in 189g. The military strength of the northern republic is now more than double what it was in 1881. This rate of increase may not be so large in the future, but it is reasonable to suppose that it will not be much less. I have shown how these people, or rather those of them who reside in the republics, came to be attached to independence as to life itself; what force then will be needed to keep them in subjection if they are made British subjects? It is altogether fallacious to·suppose that English families will ever settle there permanently in sufficient numbers to keep the earlier inhabitants in check. They are miners and traders and professional men who come and go; the Dutch are fixtures on the soiL If, on the other hand, independence is conceded, it will have to be full and complete to create any­ thing like real friendship; and if that is to be the result, for what purpose is this outlay of blood and treasure? Complete independence for the South African Repubiic would mean a government like the present, and the Englishmen are few who would consent to perform burgher duties in return for burgher rights. To preserve order among the Bantu the Dutch would not maintain a standing paid military force, to which they have a deeply rooted PREFACE. xiii objection; hence the old dissension would appear again in 'ten(old i~tensTty. • That a way may be fpund out of the difficulty and permanent harmony betw'~en the present combatants be restored is therefore at this anxious time the hope rather than the expectation of the author of this vol ume. GEO. M. THEAL. loNDON, 3 N"""",,", 18<)<}. PREFACE TO FOURTH EDITION. IN the second and third ·editions of this work a supplementary chapter was inserted, in which were recorded the chief evp.nts that occurred from Sep" tember, 1893, to the dates of issue. As another addition of- the kiml would tend to confuse the reader, I have rewritten the last five chapters, en­ larged them to a considerable extent, and brought the history without a break down to the present month. GEO. M. THEAL. February, 18<)7. CONTENTS. I .. ANCIENT INHABITANTS OF SOUTH AFRICA 1-7 Hottentots-Santu-Coutant warfare. II. DISCOVERY OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN COAST BY THE PORTUGUF.sE • • 8-16 Discoveries of the Portuguese-Fint ships in Table Bay­ Portuguese maps. III. EVENTS THAT LED TO 1'HE OCCUPATION OF TABLE VALLEY BY THE DUTCH EAST INDI.' COMPANY 17-24~ Rise of the Dutch Republic-The Dulch East India Com­ pany-The Eastern trade route-Wreck of the Haarlcm­ Advantages 01 Table Valley-Loss 01 life by !CUny-Mr. Van Riebeek. IV. FORMATION OF A REFRESHMENT STATION IN TABLE VALLEY BY THE DUTCH EAST INDIA COM- PANY • • '5-3' Trade with Hottentots-The first cattle raid-Extension to Rondebosch. I • xviii CONTENTS. V. FOUNDATION 0" mE CAPE COLONY Inlroductioo of slues-Introduction of A!Uafies-The lint Hottentot war-The'6rst Church-Purchase of territory. VI. THE SECOND HOTTENTOT W 4a AND ITS CoNS&- QUENC1!S • 45-59 Origin of the cal1Ie IanDen--E.,msioa of the oet,lemm'­ Arrival of H."",nob-FOfDI of go........... -5,...... of taution-Explora.tioD. VIl. PROGRESS or mE CAPE CoLONY noll '700 TO 1 750 • 6<>-79 Lifeof tbeearly·Kttlen-Wil.bem Adrian ftD del'Stel-YUJI. ..b<eaIt of .....1I·pos-5,...... o. Ad..nu..ratioo-E&rt ... i"""",_ Tat" Ba,-Gr~ '" .be...u..-. VIIL CoURSE or EVENTS IN THE CAn CoLOlfY FROII , 1 750 TO 1 785 • II<>-9s Secaad oatb<ealt of smalI.pos-E.plontioD .. Nam_ bad-Villages in the eoIoay-TOO1' of ~ V.. 1'IeI- ....berg-First K.a.fiir ....-ArrinI of Fm>da ~. f.Iaiats of the coIoaists-AgitatiaD ill the eoIoay. IX- THE END or THE EAST INDIA CmtPAlfy'S Ruu IN SouTH AFlUC4 _ _ ~IJ' CONTENTS. xix ...... COIODy-Affairs in Europe-Arrival of a British fort'~ FruitJeu negotiation.s-F'eeblc defence of the col'ony-Re-­ view of the Company's rule. X. THE FIRST BRITISH' OCCUPATION .112-128 Character of the colonists-First days of British rul~Sur· render of a Dutch 6eet-Insurrectioo of GrsaH-Reinet-The third Kamr war. XL THE COLONY UNDER THIl BATAVIAN REPUBLIC !29-137 Dealings wi~ Ko,a chiefs-Attack by the English-Capilu. lotion of Capetowo-Departure of General J......... XII. EARLV YIlARS or ENGLISH ROLE IN SOUTH AFRICA Powen of the govemor-Condition of the Hottentots­ -Fourth Kaffir war-Establishment of • circuit court-C.... lion of the colony. XIII. THE AIlMtNISTRATION OF LORD CHARLES SOMER· SET 148-161 Slcu:hter'. Nek rebdliOD-Fifih Ka.fIir Wit-Arrival of Bntisb aettlers-Success of the British settlen- ·Signs of progreu­ Resignati.on of the governor. xx CONTENT;;. XlV, THE WARS AJm DEV.'STATIONS or TSHAU 16.-174 Geni .. 01 T.baka-The Mantati bor~MQrder 01 Tshao -RUe of the Matabo.. po"er-Gem.. of _.-Coo. ditioo of ~ tribes in ,8.)6. xv. EVENTS '" THE CAn COWlfY nl»' 18.6 TO 1835 . !75-194 lojoclicioas measures-The Kat riyer ld1lemcnI:-Conditioo 01 the 1IIa... -Emaocipati"" 01 the 1Ia._EffedJ 01 the emaDcipatioo-Treaty "ith WatDboer-Six\h Ka/Iir _­ The pouom.:e 01 Qaeeu Adelaide-ActioD 01 earl Glaele- . XVI . GREAT E ..'G ....nOll no.. TH1!! CAPE Cown. Ex­ PUlSION or MOSEL£UTS£ no.. THE TnRI' TORY SouTH or TH1!! l.J.. roPO • • 195-203 Fote 01 the fino porty'-Artodt ..,. the IUIaI>eIe-The "" -,"'tioe-Dei... a/ the MatabeJe. XVIL DEST1IUCTlOM or TH1!! ZULU Pown AIID FOUND \- nOM or THE REPOBUC or NATAL . '°4--:2,8 Ji'>tal ....t ZaIaIand in .837-Arrug<meat .nth Ding.m­ II.....,.., 01 ~DespeaIe fichtinz-I..- 01 ZaInIoDd-Deatb 01 Pie<eI' U~ 01 the N ..... AnIly-Arrini 01 Andries Pr__ Del ... 01 • Lda ....,.-_r __ oID'..,.. of I'aada-r-_ 01 the Zafa _er­ CONTENTS. XXI • XVIII. SEIZURE OF NATAL BY" BRITISH FORCES. CREATION OF TREATY STATES ALONG THE FRONTIER or THE CAPE COLONY • Conduct 0( the Natal government-Siege of the British Camp-Relief of the British Camp-Project of treaty·statee -The Griquas-Effecta of the treaties. XIX. EVENTS TO THE CLOSE OF THE SEVENTH KA.FIR WAR • • 232-243 Expedition to aid Adam Kok-Arrangement with Adam Kok -Marks of progress-Seventh Kaffir war-Course of the war-Results of the war. xx. EVENTS DURING THE ADMINISTRATION OF SIR HARRY SUITH • • 244-'sr End of the treaty states-Battle of Boomplaata-Anti-ooo- viet agitation-Eighth Kaffir war-Settlement of British Kafharia. XXI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY GREAT BRITAIN OF THE IN­ DEPENDF.NCB 0" THE -SOUTH AFRICAN R~. PUBtle; AND ABANDONMENT OF THE ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY • • '58-'7° First Basuto war-The Sand &i't'er conventi.on-Condition of the SalUto tribe-Battle of Berea-Wise action of Moshesh-Arrival of Sir George Oerk-Abaadonment of the Sonrcignty-South Ahica after 1854- }. xxii CONTENTS._ XXII. .... rHIt CoNSTITUTION or C..... 1t CoLONY The Cape porliament-The Dutch language. XXIII. THE PROVINCII or Ball1SH KA'FRARIA Policy or Sir Goo,!:e Gr.,.-5eU...... ,uaioa of lbe Knou­ Armeutioo to \be Cape CoIODJ- XXIV. THE CoLONY or NATAL ....D THE DEPENDEIICY 0' ZuLULAND • • "90-312 InS.. of Boo_The Hlabi trihe-R<bellioa of LanpJi­ t.lele-Importatioo of lod;'-Mode of Hie of Ea.opeans -Coestitatioo of Natal-CdewaJO--boDdh.. uo-lDYuioa .. ZaIabDd-Battle" U1andi. XXV. THE ORAM'GIt FaEE STAn AJfI) BASUrot..\JfD - 3'3-331 Praicleab H .......... ODd ~Seeood -.
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