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Castle of Good Hope Over the centuries six different flags have flown over The Castle yet in all that time not a single shot has ever been fired in anger at it or from it. 1 To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Cape Town • 021 487 1200 • [email protected] One of his first tasks was to The style of this new castle was Peak. The present day site of the Castle is 1 The reason for a fort at the 4 5 build a fort as the interests associated with the renowned French probably the best of a bad situation. This With the expansion of world trade by of the Dutch East India fortress engineer, Sebastien Vauban. position is about 230 metres south east the European powers in the 1500s, Companies latest assets had Menno, Baron van Coehoorn, a Dutch of the old fort. The site is close enough 6 trade routes were vital to economic to be protected at all costs. artillerist and military engineer, was to anchorage, within firing range of the also associated with the outcome of the town and close enough to fresh water. History and facts power. The main trade route to the The first fort built at Castle’s design. The defensive system at the Cape was East used to be overland; but in 1453 the Cape of Good Hope Constantinople was captured by the This design was based on the fact that slowly rectified over time by means of of the Castle including Two days after setting foot Turks which effectively closed off this firepower due to technology had greatly many defensive structures placed around on the shores of , 3D illustrations, trade passage. Other routes east had improved to a point where castles of old Cape Town as seen on the map on the Commander Van Riebeeck to be found. were redundant. Their main feature was next page. 2 time line, photos started work on his fort ‘Fort the introduction of tapering outer walls, The dominant seafaring nation in de Goede Hoop’ which was The was added just after extremely thick at the base, getting The building of the Castle To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: and information Europe at that time was Portugal. situated on the shore edge the new entrance and bell tower thinner at the top. This revolutionary The main structure of the castle was 021 487 1200 • [email protected] They needed to find a way to the East (the present day ‘Parade’ were moved to this position in 1697. design made the cannon balls ricochet started in 1665 and formally declared by sea. With many voyages down the parking lot next to the Golden off the wall surface instead of a 90 ‘complete’ in 1679, running through west coast of Africa, gaining more The idea behind the ravelin was the Acre building). His choice of degree hit which would weaken the wall This corner of the inner court was first developed by Simon periods of intensity in building operation distance every time, the Cape of Good concept of ‘defence in depth’. The design was the popular square far faster. Breaching the wall by means van der Stel in about 1690 with a flower garden, exotic and and periods of rather slow activities. Hope was finally rounded in 1488 by entrance road kinks right which does with two-gun at each of concentrated fire and charges placed indigenous trees which surrounded a small circular pool. His son, These ebbs and flows were influenced Bartholomeu Dias. In 1498, Vasco not allow an enemy a direct shot at corner. These bastions are the The new main entrance and in the weakened area by attacking Willem van der Stel, enlarged the pool to its present size. The pool by the states of alliances and treaties da Gama finally broke the deadlock the entrance gate. same shape as the ones seen infantrymen became extremely hard Bell Tower put in place by was demolished in 1860 and restored in 1984. between nations in Europe. and made the voyage to the East on the Castle today. due to the thickness of the wall and the Simon van der Stel and the and back, laden with spices. In 1503, The four bastions of the older castle were named after the ships that brought nature of the tapering design which did not collapse under its own weight. Most of the material needed for the Castle were found locally, this being the visiting Commissioner Van Antonio de Saldanha put in at Table them to the Cape: Oliphant, Rijger, Drommedaris and Walvisch. The outer The other feature of their revolutionary design was the extensive defensive bulk of raw material of stone and mortar. Materials that could not be procurred 3 Goens in 1682-1684. This was Bay and climbed to walls were constructed using sods, clay, and brushwork. Timber and brick were positions beyond the main wall, based on the premise of defence in depth. at the Cape, were brought in from Europe. These were more specialised to replace the original entrance get his bearings. On returning to his To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: used on interior structures. A moat surrounding the fort, which was fed by the This system allowed defenders to enfilade or fire into the flanks of attackers. materials like the ‘klompjes’ (little yellowy coloured bricks that you can see at on the sea-facing curtain ship, he made one discovery that 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Varsche River, was built. As a defensive structure it was very poor. The outer The castle was designed in the shape of a pentagon with 5 bastions placed the main entrance gate). Wood was obtained locally at and overseas. wall between Buuren and would change the face of South Africa walls collapsed more then once under heavy rains. For several years it served at its corners, each containing their own gunpowder magazines. Cannon Catzenellenbogen. for centuries to come. He discovered its primary function as a provision station and, luckily, no major attack by the positions atop these bastions would cover all fields of fire, even right up to After the location of the castle was settled upon, the area had to be cleaned abundant fresh water below the mountain, a key requirement for a halfway local Khoina or foreign power threatened its existence. An accurate model of the base of the curtain walls between bastions. Each would be given of bush and then levelled. Hendrik Lacus did all the measurements and the station to break the long voyage to the East. this fort can be seen in the Military Museum at the present day Castle a name that was one of the official titles of the Prince of Orange, these being taking of levels. Foundations were started with the concentration of work on During a later stop-over another Portuguese ship lost 80 men in a skirmish in Block ‘E’. , Oranje, , Katzenellenbogen and Nassau. the bastion that would be called ‘Leerman’ as there primary objective. on the beach with the local inhabitants who apparently misunderstood an The average length from bastion to bastion was 180 metres, with an average Foundations were 5m wide and a depth of 3.5m was required to reach bed The name ‘Kat balcony’ was incorrectly used; it seems to have At the same time as the fort was built and attempt to take some of their people in a rowing boat to visit the Portuguese stuck for this balcony or porch. It was referred to as the ‘puije’ maintained, the Company Gardens were ship as an attempted abduction. by those who built and used it. and Louis planted to fulfil the primary goal of the Oranje Bastion Michel Thibault are attributed as the creators. Anton was The combination of the Portuguese never putting roots down anywhere on endeavour - to supply passing ships Bakery or Bakhuys an apprentice in the Rococo style which influenced his later 4 Dolphin Pool the South African coast and their political alliance with , made the Dutch style. Torture Chamber To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: www.iziko.org.za and the English common enemies. This broke the back of the Portuguese as C The Sally Port 7 8 rock. While the digging was taking place, the foundation stone was the dominant trading power. Nassau Bastion 021 487 1200 • [email protected] www.gatewayguides.co.za being cut out of in large blocks; it was then broken up and The English were the first to try and establish a VOC arms relief transported by cart to the castle. Blue slate used for the walls and shells The Cross-Wall D settlement at the Cape, but with a half- Dark Hole 5 used in the process of making mortar (for making lime mixed with clay in hearted backing from their Provost Cells Inner Court or ‘Wapen Plaats’ a ratio of 1:1) were obtained from . King, the B The workforce needed to build the biggest building project of its time in Secunde’s quarters F Vertical Sun Dial (afternoon) Governor’s quarters Cape Town was first derived from the soldiers not on military duty. Slaves 2 Vertical Sun Dial (morning) 6 and a few Khoina where also roped into the project. As the urgency to Captain’s Tower finish the project escalated, incentives for the soldiers were put in place, 11 Flags of occupation* brought in to help with the transportation of material and, at one stage, a proclamation that anyone regardless of rank had to 5 carry baskets of soil when excavating the moat. On average 200 to 300 To advertise here Mounts for Hotchkiss signalling guns Main Entrance & Bell Tower workers worked on the castle. To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Inner Archway Kat Balcony “Puije” contact Hayley Burger: 3 The laying of the foundation stone by Commander Wagenaer on 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Catzenellenbogen Bastion E Outer Court or Bailey 10 021 487 1200 2 2 January 1666 where Leerdam Bastion is situated, was a A big occasion in the small settlement. It was undertaken [email protected] 9 venture ended in disaster. The Military Museum with a feast of 2 oxen, 6 sheep and much fanfare. Dutch increased their trade to 1 The castle was not built by laying the the East more and more and Original Main Entrance foundation for the whole castle and were frequent visitors to the then building the bastions and Cape. By 1602, they established Leerdam Bastion certain walls up at the the same time. Leerdam (VOC) a combination of a whole lot of traders working Outer entrance with Lion Posts 6 together to share financial risk De Waterblommetjie and resources. To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Back Page The VOC subsequently grew into a powerful international company Ravelin which decided to established a Buuren Bastion advert formal refreshment station at the Flags of occupation* Cape in 1649, which, under the with produce. A visible section of Van Reede’s recommendation of Leendert By 1672, the Cross-Wall which runs from Janszen. This was considered a little settlement had Herb garden Catzenellenbogen Bastion to good investment and Jan van over 200 inhabitants. midway between the curtain wall Riebeeck was commissioned to 4 was the first bastion to be worked on and when it was built up to a of Leerman and Oranje. This establish such a post. On 6 April left for Batavia required height, its curtain walls were then worked on. Catzenellenbogen 7 wall was put in place to make an 1652, he anchored in Table in 1662, leaving behind his main English 18-pounder and its curtain walls were brought up to a required height. Oranje and its To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: inner and outer court for a better Bay to establish a permanent fort and a defensive line of smaller forts *The curtain wall that would connect to Nassau went the same route. Nassau defensive solution. settlement. along the Liesbeeck River, including two Parliamentary 021 487 1200 • [email protected] small forts at the mouth of the Salt River. These Ravelin Monitoring Group and then Buuren, the last of the bastions, were built up to the required defences along the Liesbeeck were for protection of (PAG) reported height. By 1674, Leerdam, Buuren and 3 that Ms N Mabedla live stock and grazing land as the local inhabitants had (ANC) commented Catzenellenbogen had been completed. Insignia of the Dutch been banished from the area. that the sight of the At this stage, the old fort was demolished East India Company old South African except for the stone building or ‘kat’ (VOC) which received flag flying next which was still used for administration. The first castle to be built at the Cape of Good Hope height of 10 metres. to the new flag its founding Charter In 1664, war broke out between the British and the which during the budget In 1678, an entrance was constructed from the Dutch The first of Isbrand Goske’s vote disturbed her, was a great threat to the VOC trade route. Instructions were sent by the VOC Moat government in 1602. jobs was to find a suitable position for so the Portfolio on the seaside of the castle called the to , who succeeded Van Riebeeck at the Cape, for a bigger his new castle. His first thought was to build Committee on ‘Waterpoort’, now the present-day and more comprehensive defence structure. Isbrand Goske and his master Defence and Download free PDFs of our Guides at around the old fort and, once the castle was built, the entrance to the Military Museum. At this 8 Military Veterans www.gatewayguides.co.za builder, Peter Dombaer, arrived in Cape Town to undertake the reconstruction. old fort would be demolished. This thought was discarded as had all the old time, the main road to town ran in front GATEWAYGUIDES To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Goske brought with him plans of a more modern style castle and defence line the duty of the functional fort would be affected too much. His other occupational flags of the Castle. © Gateway Guides or any part of its product may not be reproduced or used in any A view from Leerman Bastion. You will note that this bastion and that could withstand an attack from superior tactics and weaponry that had worry was the position of the old fort was too close to Signal Hill and an (a long standing A small V-shaped ravelin was placed here 021 487 1200 • [email protected] form for commercial gain or be used in any other form of publication without prior Oranje are higher then the bastions on the seaward side, allowing evolved during the Renaissance period in Europe which rendered the original tradition) removed enemy that could gain this height could rain down hell on this position. If he on the 31 October to protect the entrance; later, in 1860, this permission. Downloads may be printed or stored electronically for private use only. gunners from this bastion to shoot overhead towards the sea. forts design and structure obselete. placed the fort too far east it would be vulnerable to the heights of Devil’s 2012. site was replaced with the Imhoff Battery To advertise contact Hayley Burger: 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Please support our advertisers who make this free guide possible The Outer Court viewed from the Main Entrance which overlooked the sea. combined to reflect its entire history. Leerdam and Oranje, which are on the land side of the Fortifications of Cape Town in 1815 Redrawn from The Castle of Good Hope from 1666 by B. Johnson Backer The big jobs undertaken were the redigging of the For More Information The Cross-Wall, built from Castle, were built higher then their counterparts so as to moat and connecting it to its old water source, and Thoroughfare through Vertical Sun Dial The William Fehr Block ‘B’ is the oldest section Camp’s Bay Pricing: the Cross-Wall to the Robben Island slate, was or- which was used Collection of historical of the Castle. This section allow them the ability to fire over them when protecting 1 The Castle rebuilding the Bakery and Dolphin pool. Adults: R 28,00 2 Imhoff Battery 27 Inner Court. dered by Van Reede in 1685. for the afternoon, was paintings and period contains the Main Foyer, the seaward approach. Single and double-story buildings 28 All the upper walkways had to be dug up, waterproofed Pensioners (SA card holders only): R 15,00 It measures 12m in height, used for keeping the furniture are housed in Ceremonial Offices, Kitchens 3 Elizabeth Battery The home of the Zulu were erected along the sides of the inner certain walls Table Mountain and replaced with original blue slate. Major work was Children/Students(5-16yrs): R 12,00 3.5m wide and runs 116m, official time for the the Governor’s Quarters. and the Captain’s Tower. which would house all the needs of the Castle. 4 Helena Battery done on the clock tower and the remodelling of the king Cetshwayo, when the full lengh of block ‘F’. 5 Charlotte Battery Booked School Groups: R 5,00 settlement. inner gable with the addition of the two flanking 9 he was imprisoned at In 1679, the Castle was declared finished and the 6 Tulbagh Battery (Please check www.castleofgoodhope.co.za for prices) the castle in 1879. 26 figurines lost over time. To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: 7 Fort Knokke Gates open: 09h00 daily (close at 16h00) bastions were named. Sadly, the man who had watched Lion’s Head 8 Intermediaire Battery Key Ceremony: Monday-Saturday (10h00,12h00) 021 487 1200 • [email protected] F over the later part of this project, Governor Johan Bax van A great deal of the restoration was helped by a lady B Herenthals, died in 1678 never to occupy his castle 9 Nieuwe Battery, later Craig’s Tower who had died many years previously by the name of Firing of Signal Cannon: Monday-Friday (10h00 & 12h00), E 10 Hollands Redoubt who arrived in 1797 and became Horse & Carriage Rides: Bookings at [email protected] Commander Simon van der Stel took up his position 11 Centre Redoubt the hostess at the Castle. Her observations, written and De Goewerneur Restaurant: [email protected] in 1680 and housed himself in the quarters between 12 Burgher Redoubt Devil’s Peak The Castle of Good Hope is closed to the public on illustrated, were indispensable to the restorers. Leerdam and Oranje. His first contribution to architectural 13 Coehoorn Battery (planned) Christmas Day (25 Dec) and New Year’s Day (01 Jan). 19 change was the repositioning of the main gate to between 14 Gordan Battery (planned) Cape Town Many hidden rooms were discovered and hidden 16 More information: www.castleofgoodhope.co.za Leerdam and Buuren as he found the old entrance was 15 Cradock Battery frescos brought back to light during the restoration 17 Stairs to ‘Waterpoort’ entrance to the Military Inner Archway which The ‘Kat Balcony’ Governor’s Quarters Vertical Sun Dial not functioning well being so close to the sea - at times, 16 York (later Queen’s) Blockhouse 15 14 which lasted till 1993. Contact Details: 17 York Redoubt 13 1 Buuren Museum and Curio Shop. This is the leads to the inner court. was originally contained the grand which was used in big storms, waves would flood the courtyard. 25 Tel:+27 21 787 1260 • Tour Bookings:+27 21 787 1249 Bastion. original entrance to the Castle before it Within the Archway, built in 1695 hall where the for the morning. 18 Prince of Wales’ Blockhouse 18 3 12 4 2 20 Gallows Hill The Castle - a home to many Fax:+27 21 787 1089 • E-Mail:casteel@.co.za was moved to its present day position you will find wooden and upgraded Council of Policy His new gate, completed in 1684, is one of the highlights 19 King’s Blockhouse Sea Lines5 10 French Lines 11 6 21 The Castle was a melting pot of people from all over Web: www.castleofgoodhope.co.za • www.tourismcapetown.co.za in 1684. block paving to reduce by the VOC to used to meet. of the Castle. It comprised an octagonal bell tower made 20 Rogge Bay Battery 10 Reclaimed Land 22 23 noise and help in its magnificent Today it contains 21 Battery 7 the world - soldiers, slaves, civilians, European, Asian Sources: To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Thoroughfare from klompjes (small bricks used as ballast in VOC ships) 8 24 The ‘Secunde’s House’ built in 1695, housed the 2nd in muddy conditions. form we see today the Fehr art 22 and African. So many have left their mark, others ‘The Castle of Good Hope from 1666’ by B. Johnson Barker through to the with a bell which has the inscription in Latin ‘with the 9 Table Bay Harbour. 1997 021 487 1200 • [email protected] command to the castle. The residence contained a kitchen, The castle well is found in 1786. All collection, the 23 Fort Wynyard passed through without being noticed. There were a ‘I Heard the Old Men Say’ by Lawrence G Green living and dining floor and sleeping quarters at the top. Dolphin Pool and blessing of the Lord of earth exalted on high Claudius S W here as well as a First important ‘Peacock Room’and 24 Groote Mouille Battery few willing and some not so willing who make up the The entrance to the Good Hope Gallery is found here. Inner Court. Fremy made me in Amsterdam in the year 1697’. The ‘In the Footsteps of Lady Anne Barnard’ by Jose Burman World War memorial proclamations were Banqueting Hall. 25 Three Anchor Bay Battery soul and stories that give life to this stone fort. Table Bay ‘Cape Town on Foot’ by Ursula Stevens dedicated to South made from here. gate is made of stone and the pediment has a lion and 26 Kloof Nek Battery N www.castleofgoodhope.co.za African soldiers. crown. The lion is holding 7 arrows symbolising the seven 27 Battery E Simon Van der Stel, the Commander of the Cape from provinces of the United Netherlands. Under this, a row of 1680, established the beautiful town of 28 Camps Bay Battery © Richard Smith • 1st edition • 2012 The Outer Court viewed from the Inner Archway towards the entrance Gate coat of arms of the VOC chambers, from left to right: Horn, and, after leaving the Castle, he established Groot Delft, Amsterdam, Middelburg, Rotterdam and Enkhuizen. - one of the best wine estates in the world. These are flanked by the VOC monograms. The ‘Inner Gable’ contains an allegorical trophy of Block ‘A’ contained the Main Guardroom, Clothing which was used up to the end of the Second World War. Another outstanding life was that of Lady Anne Barnard who arrived at the 10 arms of which the original, which was carved in teak, Store and Salt Store. Today you will find the “ De A ravelin was constructed as an outer entrance in front of the new gate. The can be found in the grain cellar (block ‘F’). The two Goewerneur” restaurant. The sun was setting on the Castle by 1811 as a defensive structure, due to Castle from England in 1797. She was asked to take on the role as the Cape’s 11 design of this ravelin forces the road into the castle at a right angle. This right figures flanking the gable were reconstructed from advancements in military technology and the final blow was the relocation of first lady, her glamorous and elegant parties and entertainment became the To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Lady Anne Barnard’s paintings. angle approach to the main gate means that an attacking force could not Government to the Slave Lodge in . centre of life in this small settlement. She made the Dutch and very A E shoot directly at the gate when attacking. welcome under a foreign power. She entertained Xhosa leaders, explored far 021 487 1200 • [email protected] B Attacks on the Castle and its near demise and wide, but what she is most known for is her recording of daily life, which Commissioner Van Reede, on visiting the Cape in 1685, recommended the Up to 1850, no shot in anger was fired from or towards the Castle. The danger she meticulously illustrated, painted and wrote down. Her observations were need for a cross-wall to be built which would divide the strike area of enemy to the Castle was from within. used for the renovations of the Castle in the 80s. The Castle Guards’ uniforms missiles, if the castle ever came under attack. Buildings went up on either side The British War Department, who were in control of the Castle, tried to sell we see today are based on her paintings of a ‘Coloured’ soldier in 1800. of the wall. On the side of the outer Bailey, the new administration centre the Castle to the colonial government. On refusing, there was serious talk was placed. The entrance to this building was through the beautiful ‘de kat An unwilling guest on his part was that of Cetshwayo, King of the Zulus. After of demolishing the Castle and using the ground for the ever-growing town. balcony’. The right side of Block ”F’ became the centre of social life and a great victory at Isandlwana in 1879 and then a defeat at his home at More pressing politics of the day put these thoughts on the backburner. hospitality for the whos who of the settlement and important visitors to the Ulundi, he was exiled to the Castle with his wives. His prison was the area Block ‘A’ contained the Wheat Store, powder magazine under Main entrance. The cast iron columns along the full Stairs to Buuren Bastion. Cape. On the left side of the inner archway were the quarters of the deputy The second shot fired was in 1886 by the Cape Prime Minister, Sir Gordon used by the Military Museum today. Leerdam Bastion and barracks for artillerists. length of Block ‘A’ used to be wood Powder Magazine under Governor or ‘Secunde’. Sprigg, who recommended the levelling of the castle and replacing it The usual place for prisoners was the Provost cells in the Today you will find an Information Centre. and now are painted to resemble On the inner bailey side of the cross-wall, Van der Stel built a cellar for with new modern barracks. This notion was fought off by the Afrikaner Catzenellenbogen Bation. Some interesting graffiti and drawings can 12 marble. Buuren Bastion. storing grain. The garrison commander had his quarters in block ‘B’ under the Bond party. be seen on the doors of these cells. To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: ‘Captain’s Tower’ which was used by sentries on duty. The Inner Court viewed from the Inner Archway The final assault was made by Cecil Rhodes who wanted part of the Castle Willing or unwilling ghosts have lived at the Castle for a long time. The 021 487 1200 • [email protected] In 1705, the son of Van der Stel built the bakery which created a secluded demolished to make way for railway lines. His argument was that only a small bell tower has its stories. A happy ghost of Lady Anne Barnard and her Block ‘D’ contained the Oil Cellar, Iron Store, Merchandise Store, Block ‘C’ contained the Medicine Store, Clerk’s Lodging, The Dolphin Pool was restored area which became the site for his beautiful pool known as the Dolphin Pool part of the castle would be sacrificed. A certain Mrs Marie Koopmans de Wet parties is seen and heard and then suddenly stops in silence. A vanishing 2m Apothecary, Sally Port, Dispenser’s Store and Carpenter’s Store. Laboratory, Bombardier’s Room, New Blacksmith’s shop, back to its former glory after (this was an enlargement of his father’s 1690 circular pool). This area fell into rebuff to Rhodes was “Tell Mr Rhodes that his nose is only a little point on his tall figure steps off the rampart and then disappears. There is the ghost of New Wainwright’s shop and the New Cooper’s Shop. being uncovered in 1981. disrepair during the British occupation and the pool was filled in in the 1860s. face, but let him cut it off and then look in the glass”. The Castle was saved Governor Noodt, who walks the Castle corridors at night - a cruel man who Only in 1987 was it restored to its former glory. but the Imhoff Battery was lost to a new road. sentenced a man to death in 1729. Upon his death, he cursed Noodt to die View of the Inner Gable, showing the replaced wooden pillars and that same day in his chair, he relaxed, fell asleep and never woke up. From 1672, outer defences and forts were planned and built around the Cape with iron pillars painted to look like marble. The re-modelled D New life for the Castle sculptured figures can be seen on either side of the gable. C Peninsula to complete the defensive One of the most loved characters who made the Castle his home was a ship- B system which became known as ‘the In 1910, the Union of South Africa wrecked poodle named “Schiffer” who was adopted by the soldiers. What 8 Gibraltar of the Indies’. 7 was established. The Union Defence made him so loved for over 20 years, was he saved many soldiers from being 11 By 1795, there where 33 forts. Force was born in 1912 and the punished for sleeping on guard duty. He made it his duty to walk 20 to 13 Castle became the headquarters 25 paces in front of the night patrol; if he came across a sentry that he In 1795, the Dutch lost the war of for No 1 Military District out of 15 thought was asleep, a bark and a jump would put them back on their To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: Muizenberg to the British and signed districts that made up the UDF. feet. What is remarkable about Schiffer is for the last 2 to 3 years of his 021 487 1200 • [email protected] a treaty at Rustenburg in present day In 1922, the Castle was finally The ‘Sally Port’ is a small opening to ‘Bakhuys’ or bakery life he did this duty completely blind. Stairs to Dark Hole or Donker Gat is a dungeon The Torture Chamber was a place for . The Castle was taken over the outside of the Castle where troops Nassau that was used to store ammunition and confessions as required under Dutch which was rebuilt on transferred to the new South African by the British forces without a shot could ‘sally’ forth or flee from the castle. Bastion. gunpowder, but due to dampness it law. The inverted horse-shoe on the its original founda- government. Castle Ceremony was used as a coal storage room. door suggests one’s luck had run out. tions in 1987-89. being fired. On seeing the weakness of During World War II, the Castle was 9 The key ceremony plays out daily the Dutch defensive system, more forts used extensively by many units of the in the morning and at noon. were added - the most significant being Defence Force from local guard units The Inner Court viewed towards the Inner Archway the King’s Blockhouse on the edge of to highly secret installations such The morning ceremony, which Mowbray Ridge on Devil’s Peak. as the ‘filter’ room manned mainly happens at 10am for the convenience of visitors, entails The Inner Archway. Old canons had been placed at the The Cross-Wall with a secondary thoroughfare by woman and Special Signals In 1803, the British left according to the the gate key being fetched under edges to protect the walls from damage from carts. between the inner and outer courts. terms of the ‘peace of Amiens’and the Services. It was also the home of the 14 Combined Operational Room. escort at the Governor’s quarters. new Netherlands, known as the The Torture Chamber with a A small alleyway found This is taken to the main gate; the Batavian Republic, took possession of short passage leading into the behind the bakery in the wicket gate is opened and, if all To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: F the castle. Dark Hole. The Dark Hole’s inner bailey, contains the Restoration of the Castle is well, the bell is rung, the main 021 487 1200 • [email protected] floor was once made out of Bombardier’s Room at its Years of military use and neglect D In 1806, due to European politics, the gate is opened and the sentries peach pips embedded in clay. entrance, then the New saw the reason for a grand British returned and fought the ‘Battle take up their positions. The key Gunpowder was stored here Blacksmith’s Shop, the New restoration project on the castle as is returned to the Governor’s of Blowberg’. The Castle was occupied it had become an important tourist again by the British. The most significant but due to dampness, coal Wainwright’s Shop and then quarters. took its place. the New Cooper’s Shop. attraction. structural addition to the Castle made Plans were drawn up in 1975 and The noon ceremony is similiar by the British was the heightening of all the walls with reddish brickwork in after 30 years and R32 million later ,the Castle was restored, not to its former The most common cannon at the in reverse but this time the bell 1830. The British also white washed the Castle interior. During restoration of glory, but to reflect the many time periods it had gone through. The porch was Castle was known as a ‘gun’. They tower rings out 12 times and a the Castle in the 70’s and 80’s, the colour has returned to the yellow you see little bronze cannon is fired in the ‘Bakhuys’ or bakery also This was the place for The reddish shutters and doors found at this location for Beams and Hocks where used restored to its most elegant time of 1780s, the military Museum to the 1870s are smoothbore muzzleloaders. Note The Lodging for the Captain. The Morning vertical sundial is today as this colour stops the glare of the sun and reduces heat. outer Bailey. contained the Coal Cellar the Textile Store and the grain store were to indicate and remind workers and for getting material and supplies and this was applied also to the uniform of the guards you see today at the the red brick work added during the seen on the wall. The Captain’s Tower was used as a lookout. 15 in 1710. Lime Cellar. soldiers the need for caution for fire, so no smoking was to the upper floors. More modern forts were added, such as Fort Wynyard near the V&A Waterfront Castle. The best and most interesting items from all the time periods were British occupation. It is the only one remaining from several built. permitted in this area. To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Time Line 1498 Vasco da 1503 Antonio 1615 the English 6 April 1652 Jan van Riebeeck 1665 under the 1682 The entrance 1685 Commissioner 1795 the first British 1803 the British 1806 second British 1922 the Castle 1936 the Castle 1975 the Castle 1994 The Gama sailed de Saldanha East India Company sets up the first permanent guidance of Isbrand to the castle is Van Reede, on occupation. The leave the Cape, occupation. The Battle was transferred is declared undergoes New South around the put in at Table establish a settlement settlement at the Cape Goske, a new castle moved to its present visiting the Cape Dutch lost the Battle returning the of Blowberg is fought. to the new a National extensive Africa Cape to the Bay and at the Cape which under the VOC and Dutch is built and formally position under recommended the, of Muizenberg and Castle to the The Castle is once again South African Monument. renovations East and back. climbed Table turns to failure. jurisdiction. He builds his fort, declared ‘complete’ Commander Simon need for a Cross-Wall relinquished control of Batavian in British hands. government. until 1993. Mountain. ‘’. in 1679, van der Stel. to be built. the castle. Republic.

Other historical events in that year www.wikipedia.org 16 Christopher Columbus Leonardo da Shogun Tokugawa First Anglo-Dutch War: The opening battle is fought Margaret Porteous is the first person At the mouth of the Mississippi Louis XIV issues the Edict of The French occupy Utrecht in Bonaparte begins making Francis II, the last Holy Roman The (BBC) British King George V Bill Gates Nelson Mandela To advertise here contact Hayley Burger: becomes the first European Vinci starts take Osaka Castle in off Dover, between Lt.-Admiral Maarten Harpertszoon who was recorded to die of the plague in River, Louisiana, Robert de La Fontainebleau and declares the Netherlands, revolution preparations to invade Emperor, abdicates, thus ending Broadcasting of the United founds is inaugurated as to discover the island of work on the Japan, beginning 250 Tromp’s 42 Dutch ships and 21 English ships divided the Great Plague of . Two-thirds Salle buries an engraved plate Protestantism illegal, thereby depriving breaks out in Amsterdam England. the Holy Roman Empire after Company is formed. Kingdom dies. Microsoft in South Africa’s first 021 487 1200 • [email protected] Trinidad. Mona Lisa. years of peace. into 2 squadrons, one commanded by Robert Blake and of Londoners leave the city, but over and a cross, claiming the terri- Huguenots of civil rights. Some and the Batavian Republic is about a 1000 years. Albuquerque, black president. the other by Nehemiah Bourne. 68,000 die that year. tory as La Louisiane for France. Huguenots later move to the Cape. proclaimed. New Mexico. To advertise contact Hayley Burger: 021 487 1200 • [email protected]