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A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity?
Special Volume 6 (2016): Space and Knowledge. Topoi Research Group Articles, ed. by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, pp. 777–818. Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity Edited by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, Excellence Cluster Topoi, Berlin eTopoi ISSN 2192-2608 http://journal.topoi.org Except where otherwise noted, content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity The authors discuss the simultaneous appearance of technological innovations in three key technologies (metallurgy, wheeled vehicles, weighing systems) in the second half of the 4th millennium. This is done from a source-critical perspective because the innova- tions are discussed with the help of dynamic maps from the Topoi project Digital Atlas of Innovations. Besides indications of diffusion gradients influenced by special research conditions, exceptional waves of innovation can be detected for all three technologies in the discussed period. These waves of innovation cannot, however, be generalized but have to be understood on the basis of the respective technology traditions and lines of devel- opment specific to local areas. Monocentric diffusion theories can be clearly disproven, local technology developments and their converging in certain centrally situated regions have to be assumed instead. Similarly, the transfer of objects and their châine opératoire can only be detected rather infrequently, while the adaptation to local socio-economic and environmental factors can be demonstrated. -
Arrow Company Profile
Fact Sheet Executive Officers Arrow Company Michael J. Long Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Profile Paul J. Reilly Arrow is a global provider of products, services, and solutions to industrial Executive Vice President, Finance and Operations, and Chief Financial Officer and commercial users of electronic components and enterprise computing solutions, with 2012 sales of $20.4 billion. Arrow serves as a supply channel Peter S. Brown partner for over 100,000 original equipment manufacturers, contract Senior Vice President, General Counsel manufacturers, and commercial customers through a global network of more and Secretary than 470 locations in 55 countries. A Fortune 150 company with 16,500 Andrew S. Bryant employees worldwide, Arrow brings the technology solutions of its suppliers President, Global Enterprise to a breadth of markets, including industrial equipment, information systems, Computing Solutions automotive and transportation, aerospace and defense, medical and life Vincent P. Melvin sciences, telecommunications and consumer electronics, and helps customers Vice President and Chief Information Officer introduce innovative products, reduce their time to market, and enhance their M. Catherine Morris overall competiveness. Senior Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer FAST FACTS Eric J. Schuck President, Global Components > Ticker Symbol: ARW (NYSE) > Fortune 500 Ranking1: 141 Gretchen K. Zech > 2012 Sales: $20.4 billion > Employees Worldwide: 16,500 Senior Vice President, Global Human - Global Components: $13.4 > Customers Worldwide: 100,000 Resources billion - Global Enterprise Computing > Industry: Electronic Solutions: $7 billion Components and Computer Products Distribution 20122012 Sales Sales by Geographic by Geographic Region Region > 2012 Net Income: $506.3 million > Founded: 1935 19% ASIA/PACIFIC > 2012 Operating Income: > Incorporated: 1946 52% AMERICAS $804.1 million > Public: 1961 > 2012 EPS: $4.56 > Website: www.arrow.com > Locations: more than 470 worldwide 29% 1 Ranking of the largest U.S. -
On the Mechanics of the Bow and Arrow 1
On the Mechanics of the Bow and Arrow 1 B.W. Kooi Groningen, The Netherlands 1983 1B.W. Kooi, On the Mechanics of the Bow and Arrow PhD-thesis, Mathematisch Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands (1983), Supported by ”Netherlands organization for the advancement of pure research” (Z.W.O.), project (63-57) 2 Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Prefaceandsummary.............................. 5 1.2 Definitionsandclassifications . .. 7 1.3 Constructionofbowsandarrows . .. 11 1.4 Mathematicalmodelling . 14 1.5 Formermathematicalmodels . 17 1.6 Ourmathematicalmodel. 20 1.7 Unitsofmeasurement.............................. 22 1.8 Varietyinarchery................................ 23 1.9 Qualitycoefficients ............................... 25 1.10 Comparison of different mathematical models . ...... 26 1.11 Comparison of the mechanical performance . ....... 28 2 Static deformation of the bow 33 2.1 Summary .................................... 33 2.2 Introduction................................... 33 2.3 Formulationoftheproblem . 34 2.4 Numerical solution of the equation of equilibrium . ......... 37 2.5 Somenumericalresults . 40 2.6 A model of a bow with 100% shooting efficiency . .. 50 2.7 Acknowledgement................................ 52 3 Mechanics of the bow and arrow 55 3.1 Summary .................................... 55 3.2 Introduction................................... 55 3.3 Equationsofmotion .............................. 57 3.4 Finitedifferenceequations . .. 62 3.5 Somenumericalresults . 68 3.6 On the behaviour of the normal force -
Morphology of Modern Arrowhead Tips on Human Skin Analog*
J Forensic Sci, January 2018, Vol. 63, No. 1 doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13502 PAPER Available online at: onlinelibrary.wiley.com PATHOLOGY/BIOLOGY LokMan Sung,1,2 M.D.; Kilak Kesha,3 M.D.; Jeffrey Hudson,4,5 M.D.; Kelly Root,1 and Leigh Hlavaty,1,2 M.D. Morphology of Modern Arrowhead Tips on Human Skin Analog* ABSTRACT: Archery has experienced a recent resurgence in participation and has seen increases in archery range attendance and in chil- dren and young adults seeking archery lessons. Popular literature and movies prominently feature protagonists well versed in this form of weap- onry. Periodic homicide cases in the United States involving bows are reported, and despite this and the current interest in the field, there are no manuscripts published on a large series of arrow wounds. This experiment utilizes a broad selection of modern arrowheads to create wounds for comparison. While general appearances mimicked the arrowhead shape, details such as the presence of abrasions were greatly influenced by the design of the arrowhead tip. Additionally, in the absence of projectiles or available history, arrowhead injuries can mimic other instruments causing penetrating wounds. A published resource on arrowhead injuries would allow differentiation of causes of injury by forensic scientists. KEYWORDS: forensic science, forensic pathology, compound bow, arrow, broadhead, morphology Archery, defined as the art, practice, and skill of shooting arrows While investigations into the penetrating ability of arrows with a bow, is indelibly entwined in human history. Accounts of have been published (5), this article is the first large-scale study the bow and arrow can be chronicled throughout human civiliza- evaluating the cutaneous morphology of modern broadhead tion from its origins as a primary hunting tool, migration to utiliza- arrow tip injuries in a controlled environment. -
Ohio Archaeologist Volume 43 No
OHIO ARCHAEOLOGIST VOLUME 43 NO. 2 SPRING 1993 Published by THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO The Archaeological Society of Ohio MEMBERSHIP AND DUES Annual dues to the Archaeological Society of Ohio are payable on the first TERM of January as follows: Regular membership $17.50; husband and wife EXPIRES A.S.O. OFFICERS (one copy of publication) $18.50; Life membership $300.00. Subscription to the Ohio Archaeologist, published quarterly, is included in the member 1994 President Larry L. Morris, 901 Evening Star Avenue SE, East ship dues. The Archaeological Society of Ohio is an incorporated non Canton, OH 44730, (216) 488-1640 profit organization. 1994 Vice President Stephen J. Parker, 1859 Frank Drive, Lancaster, OH 43130, (614)653-6642 BACK ISSUES 1994 Exec. Sect. Donald A. Casto, 138 Ann Court, Lancaster, OH Publications and back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist: Ohio Flint Types, by Robert N. Converse $10.00 add $1.50 P-H 43130,(614)653-9477 Ohio Stone Tools, by Robert N. Converse $ 8.00 add $1.50 P-H 1994 Recording Sect. Nancy E. Morris, 901 Evening Star Avenue Ohio Slate Types, by Robert N. Converse $15.00 add $1.50 P-H SE. East Canton, OH 44730, (216) 488-1640 The Glacial Kame Indians, by Robert N. Converse .$20.00 add $1.50 P-H 1994 Treasurer Don F. Potter, 1391 Hootman Drive, Reynoldsburg, 1980's & 1990's $ 6.00 add $1.50 P-H OH 43068, (614)861-0673 1970's $ 8.00 add $1.50 P-H 1998 Editor Robert N. Converse, 199 Converse Dr., Plain City, OH 1960's $10.00 add $1.50 P-H 43064,(614)873-5471 Back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist printed prior to 1964 are gener ally out of print but copies are available from time to time. -
Museum of New Mexico Office of Archaeological Studies
MUSEUM OF NEW MEXICO OFFICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES THE GLOFUETA PROJECT: TEST EXCAVATIONS AT EIGHT PREHISTORIC SITESBETWEEN GLORIETA AND PECOS, NEW MEXICO Yvonne Roye Oakes with a contribution by James L. Moore Submitted by David A. Phillips, Jr., Ph.D. Principal Investigator ARCHAEOLOGY NOTES NO. 45 SANTA FE 1991 NEW MEXICO ADMINISTRATIVE SUMMARY In 1985 and 1986, the Research Section of the Laboratory of Anthropology, Museum of New Mexico, tested ten sites within the limits of the proposed reconstruction on State Road 50 between Glorieta and Pecos, New Mexico (New Mexico State Highway and Transportation Department [NMSHTD] Project No. RS-1416[1]) and one site within the project limits at the Glorieta Interchange (NMSHTD Project No. IR-025-5[63]297). The purpose of the testing program was to evaluate the nature and extent of subsurface and surface remains on the sites and to determine their potential to yield significant information on the prehistory and history of the area. Project sites included two historic residential sites, a Pueblo fieldhouse, three rock shelters, and four lithic or sherd artifact scatters. One historic site, Pigeon’s Ranch (LA 49315), is on the National Register of Historic Places. It was the location of an 1850s stagestop on the Santa Fe Trail, a Civil War battle, and a trading post and tourist stop in the 1920s and 1930s. The other historic structure consists of a portion of a house foundation within the right-of-way. The two historic sites (LA 49265 and LA 49315) will be discussed in another volume. Remains of a small Pueblo IV fieldhouse were uncovered during the testing program. -
Jewellery, Watches, Antiquities and Objects of Vertu 17 March 2020 J15
DIX • NOONAN • WEBB JEWELLERY, WATCHES, ANTIQUITIES AND OBJECTS OF VERTU 17 MARCH 2020 J15 VERTU AND OBJECTS OF ANTIQUITIES WATCHES, WEBB JEWELLERY, • DIX • NOONAN www.dnw.co.uk 16 Bolton Street Mayfair London W1J 8BQ 020 7016 1700 [email protected] Jewellery, Watches, Antiquities and Objects of Vertu Tuesday 17th March 2020 at 1pm BOARD of DIRECTORS Pierce Noonan Chairman and CEO 020 7016 1700 [email protected] Nimrod Dix Deputy Chairman 020 7016 1820 [email protected] Robin Greville Chief Technology Officer 020 7016 1750 [email protected] Christopher Webb Head of Coin Department 020 7016 1801 [email protected] AUCTION and CLIENT SERVICES Philippa Healy Head of Administration (Associate Director) 020 7016 1775 [email protected] Emma Oxley Accounts and Viewing 020 7016 1701 [email protected] Christopher Mellor-Hill Head of Client Liaison (Associate Director) 020 7016 1771 [email protected] Chris Finch Hatton Client Liaison 020 7016 1754 [email protected] James King Head of Shipping and Facilities 020 7016 1833 [email protected] JEWELLERY, WATCHES and OBJECTS of VERTU Frances Noble Head of Department (Associate Director) 020 7016 1781 [email protected] Laura Smith Specialist 020 7016 1782 [email protected] Jessica Edmonds Junior Specialist and Auction Clerk 020 7016 1782 [email protected] COINS, TOKENS and COMMEMORATIVE MEDALS Christopher Webb Head of Department (Director) 020 7016 1801 [email protected] Peter Preston-Morley Specialist (Associate Director) 020 7016 1802 [email protected] Jim Brown Specialist 020 7016 1803 [email protected] Tim Wilkes Specialist -
Stones, Bones, and States: a New Approach to the Neolithic Revolution
1 Stones, Bones, and States: A New Approach to the Neolithic Revolution Richard H. Steckel and John Wallis February 19, 2007 The invention of agriculture, the wide spread shift to a sedentary lifestyle, and the growth of large population centers began around 10,000 years ago in what we now call the Neolithic revolution. This profound change in human activity marks the beginning of modern human society and has long been of interest to economists, anthropologists, and social scientists in general. Was it caused by a shift in relative prices due to climate, population pressure, or changes in the animal environment? Did it result from technological innovation in human knowledge about the physical world? Was institutional change a catalyst? Early research was highly speculative, with abundant explanations built on little data. New evidence from archeology and anthropology has eliminated some hypotheses and raised possibilities for answering more specific questions. This paper contributes to both the Neolithic empirical evidence and the theoretical questions about the Neolithic revolution. We propose a theoretical answer to how larger social groups were organized. A sedentary life-style was necessary for settled agriculture, and the shift to larger population units occurred contemporaneously with, and may have even preceded, the spread of new agricultural techniques. We then focus on the paradoxes inherent in the question: why did people move into towns and cities? Urban living came at a substantial cost. Accumulating evidence from skeletons, which we discuss below, shows that Neolithic cities and towns were unhealthy. Their residents were smaller in stature than hunter-gatherers and their bones had relatively more lesions indicating dental decay, infections and other signs of physiological stress. -
Ötzi the Iceman Worksheets
From mummies to mitochondria, skeletons to sequencing, Denisovans to DNA, molecules to murder…. Our human Inheritance Understanding our genetic ancestry & what makes us human featuring Ötzi the iceman Look at the mummy! Did you know: The Making of Ötzi’s Replica What type of images were used to make Ötzi’s ancient tattoos were the 3D print of Ötzi? made by making fine cuts in his skin and then rubbing charcoal in the cuts. Where in Italy is the real mummy stored? Ancient Ink Ötzi has 57 visible tattoos in the form of small lines and crosses. (4 cannot be seen.) Fatal Wound FIND and DRAW as many tattoos as you can on the illustration of the iceman’s mummy Evidence suggests that Ötzi was shot by (each line counts as a single tattoo; a cross an arrow, and this caused his death. would count as two). MARK the location of the arrow wound with an “X” on the Ötzi to the right. Damage CIRCLE the area of the mummy that is damaged. Did you know? The arrowhead that caused Ötzi to Did you know: bleed to death wasn’t This damage was caused discovered until 10 years after accidentally by a power tool the mummy was found. during the recovery of the mummy in 1991. Ötzi the iceman Read the panels! Did you know? Did you know? A paper published in 2016 All except one of Ötzi’s shows that Otzi also carried H. fingernails were missing; a pylori, a bacteria associated single detached nail was with stomach ulcers! found by his body! DNA Analysis Scientists identified DNA from different bacteria One of Ötzi’s fingernails had horizontal ridges and other living things. -
Section Iv: Students Policy 4230 Possession of Weapons, Alcohol, And/Or Controlled Substances/Illegal Drugs in School
SECTION IV: STUDENTS POLICY 4230 POSSESSION OF WEAPONS, ALCOHOL, AND/OR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES/ILLEGAL DRUGS IN SCHOOL In order to provide a safe environment for the students and staff of the Broken Arrow School District, the Board of Education adopts this policy prohibiting the possession of weapons, alcohol, controlled substances, illegal drugs and replicas or facsimiles of dangerous weapons. Weapons, including but not limited to firearms, alcohol, controlled substances and illegal drugs are a threat to the safety of the students and staff of the Broken Arrow School District. In addition, possession of weapons, alcohol, controlled substances or illegal drugs disrupts the educational process and interferes with the normal operation of the school district. For the foregoing reasons and except as specifically provided below, possession of weapons, alcohol, controlled substances and illegal drugs, as defined in this policy, while at school, at a school- sponsored activity, in transit to or from a school-sponsored activity, or on a school vehicle, is prohibited. For the purposes of this regulation, "School" includes all school district property, the entire school campus, parking lots, athletic fields, and district vehicles. "School" also includes off-district property when the student is on the property for the purpose of participating in a school or district-sponsored event or is participating in an event in which the student is representing the district. "School" covers any school bus or vehicle used for transportation of students or teachers, lodging and meal locations, event sites, and all other locations where a student is present while participating in or attending a district or school sponsored event. -
A Native History of Kentucky
A Native History Of Kentucky by A. Gwynn Henderson and David Pollack Selections from Chapter 17: Kentucky in Native America: A State-by-State Historical Encyclopedia edited by Daniel S. Murphree Volume 1, pages 393-440 Greenwood Press, Santa Barbara, CA. 2012 1 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW As currently understood, American Indian history in Kentucky is over eleven thousand years long. Events that took place before recorded history are lost to time. With the advent of recorded history, some events played out on an international stage, as in the mid-1700s during the war between the French and English for control of the Ohio Valley region. Others took place on a national stage, as during the Removal years of the early 1800s, or during the events surrounding the looting and grave desecration at Slack Farm in Union County in the late 1980s. Over these millennia, a variety of American Indian groups have contributed their stories to Kentucky’s historical narrative. Some names are familiar ones; others are not. Some groups have deep historical roots in the state; others are relative newcomers. All have contributed and are contributing to Kentucky's American Indian history. The bulk of Kentucky’s American Indian history is written within the Commonwealth’s rich archaeological record: thousands of camps, villages, and town sites; caves and rockshelters; and earthen and stone mounds and geometric earthworks. After the mid-eighteenth century arrival of Europeans in the state, part of Kentucky’s American Indian history can be found in the newcomers’ journals, diaries, letters, and maps, although the native voices are more difficult to hear. -
Quartz Technology in Scottish Prehistory
Quartz technology in Scottish prehistory by Torben Bjarke Ballin Scottish Archaeological Internet Report 26, 2008 www.sair.org.uk Published by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, www.socantscot.org.uk with Historic Scotland, www.historic-scotland.gov.uk and the Council for British Archaeology, www.britarch.ac.uk Editor Debra Barrie Produced by Archétype Informatique SARL, www.archetype-it.com ISBN: 9780903903943 ISSN: 1473-3803 Requests for permission to reproduce material from a SAIR report should be sent to the Director of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, as well as to the author, illustrator, photographer or other copyright holder. Copyright in any of the Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports series rests with the SAIR Consortium and the individual authors. The maps are reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. ©Crown copyright 2001. Any unauthorized reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Historic Scotland Licence No GD 03032G, 2002. The consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, advertising or promotional purposes, the creation of new collective works or resale. ii Contents List of illustrations. vi List of tables . viii 1 Summary. 1 2 Introduction. 2 2.1 Project background, aims and working hypotheses . .2 2.2 Methodology . 2 2.2.1 Raw materials . .2 2.2.2 Typology. .3 2.2.3 Technology . .3 2.2.4 Distribution analysis. 3 2.2.5 Dating. 3 2.3 Project history . .3 2.3.1 Pilot project. 4 2.3.2 Main project .