Pandangan Abdurrahman Wahid Terhadap Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara

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Pandangan Abdurrahman Wahid Terhadap Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara PANDANGAN ABDURRAHMAN WAHID TERHADAP PANCASILA SEBAGAI DASAR NEGARA S K R I P S I Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Oleh: W A R N O NIM: 102033224792 PROGRAM STUDI PEMIKIRAN POLITIK ISLAM FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN FILSAFAT UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1430H./2009 M. PANDANGAN ABDURRAHMAN WAHID TERHADAP PANCASILA SEBAGAI DASAR NEGARA S K R I P S I Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Oleh: W A R N O 102033224792 Pembimbing: A. Bakir Ihsan, M.Si. NIP. 19720412 200312 1002 PROGRAM STUDI PEMIKIRAN POLITIK ISLAM FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN FILSAFAT UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1430H./2009 M. \ LEMBAR PERNYATAAN Dengan ini, saya menyatakan bahwa; 1. Skripsi ini merupakan hasil karya asli saya yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh gelar strata 1 di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2. Semua sumber yang saya gunakan dalam penulisan ini telah saya cantumkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 3. Jika di kemudian hari terbukti karya ini bukan hasil karya saya atau merupakan hasil jiplakan dari karya orang lain, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi yang berlaku di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Ciputat, 18 Juni 2009 Warno KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmannirrahim Alhamdu lillâhi Robbi al-Âlamîn, wa al-Shalâtu wa al-Salâmu ’Alâ Asrafi al- Anbiyâi wa al-Mursalîn wa ’Alâ Âlihî wa Shahbihî Âjma’în, Ammâ.Ba’duhu... Mengantarkan puji syukur kepada allah SWT skripsi ini rampung dikerjakan, segala puji dan syukur dihaturkan kepada Allah Rabbul Izzati yang telah memberi petunjuk dan kekuatan (menghapus semua kendala dan hambatan) dalam menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul Pandangan Abdurrahman Wahid Terhadap Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara dapat terselesaikan dengan baik. Sudah semestinya, sholawat dan salam disampaikan kepada Rasullah Muhammad saw. Yang telah membawa kaumnya dari zaman jahiliyah menuju zaman yang penuh dengan rahmat dan ridla-Nya. Dengan keterbatasan kemampuan penulis miliki, tidak sedikit aral berangkat dari Refleksi dan apresiasi dalam kehidupan yang tidak menentu, membawa penulis untuk larut dan masuk dalam mencari ”Oase” di tengah padang gersang yang menyegarkan membutuhkan sebuah pedoman, sebagaimana pada umat beragama kita berpegangan pada al-Qur’ân. Maka, pada kehidupan berbangsa kita harus berpegang dengan Pancasila, karena mengutip Soekarno ”Jas Merah” (jangan sekali-kali melupakan sejarah). Dengan sejarah membawa kita bisa mengenal hal-ihwal kehidupan. Sebagai berbangsa itu harus penuh dari kesadaran untuk mewujudkan kesejahtraan umat manusia. Asa, cita, dan cinta yang ada yang membuat kita mampu dan bertahan dalam menjalani kehidupan dengan pasti. Maaf dan Terima kasih, tentunya tidak lupa saya haturkan pada segenap dosen yang telah memberi ilmu pelajaran dan juga para temen-teman yang telah melewati waktu bersama, karena seiring berjalannya waktu yang tak bisa terhenti, kodrati manusia yang tak bisa lepas dari khilaf manusia dalam perjalanan hidupnya Berikut ini sudah seharusnya penulis haturkan ucapan syukur kepada: 1. Allah Swt yang telah memberikan nikmat yang begitu banyak tak terhitung bilangannya. 2. Muhammad Saw yang memberikan ajaran dan menjadi cerminan dalam mengarungi kehidupan yang fatamorgana. 3. Kedua orang tua Tukimin dan Rukini, yang memberikan nasihat nasehat kesabaran dalam menjalani kehidupan dan adik kandung tercinta, Sugianto, serta sanak keluarga yang telah memberikan bantuan. Semoga mendapat balasan dari yang Kuasa, Amiin. 4. Jami’il Mu’asyis Wa Masyayih PP Bahrul ’Ulum Tambakberas Jombang, yang telah memberikan sangu (Ilmu) untuk menjalani kehidupan dengan membawa al- Maslahah (kemanfa’atan). 5. Bapak M. Amin Nurdin, Dekan Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta (UIN) Syahid Jakarta beserta seluruh jajaran dekanat 6. Bapak Agus Darmaji, M. Fils dan Ibu Wiwi Siti Sajarah, M. Ag, selaku ketua Jurusan Aqidah Filsafat (AF) dan Sekretaris Program Studi Pemikiran Politik Islam. Dan segenap dosen Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat. 7. Bapak A. Bakir Ihsan, M.Si. selaku pembimbing dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. 8. Segenap dosen PPI yang telah dengan sabar dan ikhlas memberikan banyak ilmu semoga berrmanfaat Fi ad-Daraini. Serta tidak ketinggalan Perpustakaan Ushuluddin dan Utama UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 9. Klinik Pengobatan Alternatif Sebrang Wetan, Kulon, Lor lan Kidul (Timur, Barat, Utara dan Selatan, bahasa Indonesia) terimakasih atas usahanya untuk penyembuhan yang belum bertemu jodoh-nya (semoga dapat di temukan). 10. Sahabat-sahabat kelas angkatan 2002, Anas, Ubay, Idham, Edi, Ipul, Istikhori, Nisa, Among, Irvan, dan Juli. Serta tidak ketinggalan ade Vina yang selalu menyediakan waktu dan membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi. Semoga kesuksesan menyertai kalian semua. 11. Rencang-rencang HIMABI (Himpunan Alumni Bahrul ’Ulum Ibukota), Ainul, Udin, Amir, A’am, Rizal, Ucil, Tano dan, And ga ketinggalan dulur-dulur NETRAL Pertemuan dengan kalian semua memberi arti dalam hidup ku. 12. Santri-santri Ponpes. Ciganjur Jakarta Selatan, terutama pada bpk. KH. Musthofa yang selalu memberi bimbingan ruhani dalam kehidupan, tidak lupa pada Syaiful Arif atas pinjaman bukunya. 13. Perpustakan Wahid Institute Jakarta, terima kasih atas pinjaman bukunya serta Rental Hafidz dan perpustakaan pribadinya atas pinjaman bukunya. 14. Teman-teman Fakultas Adab dalam KKS di Cigoong; Abun, Ais, Imron, Baim, Adam, Farid, Imar, Nisa, Tatan dan semuanya yang tak dapat disebut satu persatu ”All in One”, perjalanan dengan kalian yang mengesankan. 15. Semua teman-teman yang hidup dalam Persaudaraan yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu semoga dapat melebur diri dalam ke-kami-an. Hormat kami, Penulis PEDOMAN TRANSLITERASI Huruf Arab Huruf Latin Keterangan tidak dilambangkan ا b be ب t te ت ts te dan es ث j je ج h ha dengan garis bawah ح kh ka dan ha خ d de د dz de dan zet ذ r er ر z zet ز s es س sy es dan ye ش s es dengan garis bawah ص d de dengan garis bawah ض t te dengan garis bawah ط z zet dengan garis bawah ظ koma terbalik di atas hadap kanan ’ ع gh ge dan ha غ f ef ف q ki ق k ka ك l el ل m em م n en ن w we و h ha apostrop ` ء y ye ي Vokal Kata Ta Vokal Diftong Panjang Sandang Marbûtah Arab Latin Arab Latin Arab Latin Arab Latin Arab Latin h & t ة -al ال ai ــــَــ ي â ـــــ a ــــَــ au ــــَــ و î ـــــ$ i ــــِــ û ـــــ& u ــــُــ DAFTAR ISI SAMPUL LUAR ............................................................................................... SAMPUL DALAM ............................................................................................. i LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ................................................................................ ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SIDANG ................................................................ iii KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iv DAFTAR ISI ............................ .......................................................................... vii PEDOMAN TRANSLITERASI ......................................................................... ix BAB I : PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ............................................................................... 1 B. Tinjauan Pustaka ........................................................................... 7 C. Pembatasan dan Perumusan Masalah ............................................ 9 D. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................... 10 E. Metode Penelitian .......................................................................... 11 F. Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................... 12 BAB II : BIOGRAFI DAN SKETSA PEMIKIRAN ABDURRAHMAN WAHID A. Latar Belakang Keluarga dan Pendidikan ..................................... 15 B. Ragam Aktivitas ............................................................................. 21 C. Sketsa Pemikiran ............................................................................ 25 1. Nasionalisme ............................................................................ 25 2. Pribumisasi ............................................................................... 27 3. Pluralisme ................................................................................. 28 BAB III : PENGERTIAN DAN SEJARAH PANCASILA A. Sejarah Kelahiran Pancasila ........................................................... 33 B. Kandungan Pancasila ..................................................................... 36 C. Perjalanan Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara .................................. 45 BAB IV : ABDURRAHMAN WAHID DAN PANCASILA A. Hubungan Islam dan Negara; Menolak Formalisasi Agama ............................................................................................ 49 B. Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara; Tidak Bertentangan dengan Islam .................................................................................. 56 BAB V : PENUTUP A. Kesimpulan....................................................................................63 B. Saran-saran .................................................................................... 63 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 65 BAB
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