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Short Papers on Geologic Subjects. the Mt. Simon Sandstone In ! ' ! MKJ*. It /M -.lir:-/!: V 3 3051 00004 0489 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/shortpapersongeo170temp 57 jfcc 170 STATE OF ILLINOIS AI>LAI E. STEVENSON, Conmor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION NOBLE J. PUFFER, Director DIVISION OF THE STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR NO. 170 SHORT PAPERS ON GEOLOGIC SUBJECTS The Mt. Simon Sandstone in Northern Illinois By J. S. Templeton Petrology of Basal High-Purity Bed of the Burlington Limestone By Donald L. Graf Preglacial Gravels in Henry County, Illinois By Leland Horberg The Neda Formation in Northeastern Illinois By L. E. Workman REPRINTED FROM THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOL. 43, pp. 151-164, 171-182, 1950 PRINTED 1SY AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF ILLINO: URBANA, ILLINOIS 1951 ILLINOIS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY LIBR£* V JUN 26 1951 Illinois Academy of Science Transactions, Vol. 43, 1950 THE MT. SIMON SANDSTONE IN NORTHERN ILLINOIS 1 JUSTUS STEVENS TEMPLETON, JR. Illinois Geological Surrey, Vrbana Wells in northern Illinois pene- er studies the red elastics of north- trate from 1600 to 2100 feet of upper ern Illinois and similar strata in Cambrian Mt. Simon sandstone be- eastern Wisconsin were stated to be tween the Eau Claire formation and of unknown age but were not sepa- pre-Cambrian crystallines. In most rated from the Mt. Simon formation of the region the sandstone is pure (Thwaites, 1931, p. 742; Twenhofel, and light colored, but in the vicinity Raasch and Thwaites, 1935, p. 1693, of Boone County all but the upper- pi. 151). Possible correlation of the most beds are silty, argillaceous, and arkosic basal Mt. Simon strata of dark red. The light-colored sand- southern Lee County, Illinois, with stone long has been correlated with the supposedly Keweenawan Hinck- the Mt. Simon formation of north- ley sandstone of eastern Minnesota western Wisconsin, but recently the has been suggested (Payne, 1942, red elastics were assigned provision- p. 54). Recently the red elastics of ally to the pre-Cambrian and cor- northern Illinois were correlated ten- related with the Fond du Lac forma- tatively with the supposedly pre- tion of eastern Minnesota. The pres- Cambrian Fond du Lac formation ent study shows that the red elastics of eastern Minnesota (Bays and of northern Illinois are a local fa- others, 1945, p. 1146; Weller and des of the light-colored Mt. Simon others, 1945), and the regional lith- sandstone. On the basis of differ- ology and thickness of the "Mt. Si- " ences in grain size, the formation is mon-Fond du Lac ( ? ) sandstones divisible into seven regionally per- were summarized (Workman and sistent members. Evidence is pre- Bell, 1949, pp. 2041-2043). In the sented which suggests that the Mt. present study all available cuttings Simon sandstone of Minnesota and from wells in central northern Illi- the upper part of the Mt. Simon at nois which penetrated the Mt. Simon " the type locality belong to the Eau and "Fond du Lac ( ?) formations Claire formation. were carefully examined, as well as Previous and present studies.— samples from deep borings in part Early subsurface studies in northern of northeastern Illinois. Illinois referred all sandstone be- Name and definition.—At the type neath Eau Claire dolomitic strata locality the Mt. Simon formation, to the Mt. Simon, although a pos- named from exposures on and near sible Keweenawan age for the red Mt. Simon at Eau Claire, northwest- elastics at Dixon was suggested ern Wisconsin (Ulrich, 1914, p. (Thwaites, 1923, pp. 534, 553-555). 354), consists mainly of coarse- Thwaites' tentative Keweenawan grained, partly conglomeratic, thick- correlation at Dixon was rejected by bedded sandstone 234 feet thick, Knappen (1926, pp. 34-36). In lat- which overlies pre-Cambrian granite and underlies fine-grained thin-bed- ded Cedaria-be&ring Eau Claire Illinois Academy of Science Transactions sandstone (Twenhofel, Raaseh and northeastern Wisconsin and south- Thwaites, 1935, pp. 1693, 1739-1740). western Ontario (Cohee, 1945, 1948). In this report the name Mt. Simon is Lithology.—In northern Illinois applied to all sandstone between pre- the Mt. Simon sandstone is divisible Cambrian crystallines and sediments into a light-colored facies, which con- which are classed as Eau Claire but stitutes the bulk of the formation in probably underlie the Cedaria zone. most of the region, and a red facies, Thickness.—In northern Illinois which is best developed at Belvidere, only four wells (fig-. 1, wells 5, 7, 10, Boone County. Much gradation and 11) have completely penetrated the interfingering characterize the trans- Mt. Simon sandstone, although two ition zone between the two facies, other wells (6, 9) are believed to which in places is less than 6 miles have passed almost through the for- wide (fig. 2, wells 4, 5). Both facies mation. The sandstone is thickest are nonfossiliferous. in a basin extending from Light-colored light- DeKalb facies.—The , Illi- to Cook counties in northeastern colored Mt. Simon facies is white, ; nois and attains a maximum known yellow, or pink to light brown. The thickness of 2120 feet in northeast- sandstone ranges from very fine to ern DeKalb County. From this area very coarse grained and locally is it thins rapidly to thicknesses of 400 silty. Much of it is conglomeratic, I feet or less in most of the states sur- containing quartz granules from 2 rounding Illinois, and lenses out in to 4 mm. in diameter and quartz peb- Mt. Simon Sandstone in Xoiilicrn Illinois Mt. Simon formation from (Line A-A', fig. bles from 4 to 8 mm. in diameter. As large amounts of disseminated dark- a whole the sandstone is coarser red hematitic clay and silt and by grained than any other in northern the presence of relatively thick in- Illinois. Sorting generally is poor, terbeds of dark-red, partly micac- but some well-sorted beds are pres- eous, partly sandy shale and silt- ent. Although the grains range from stone. Where weakly developed, as angular to well rounded, they are in southern Lee County, the facies chiefly subangular. The granules is distinguished mainly by hematitic and pebbles are well rounded. Most films on the sand grains. of the sandstone is incoherent, but Subdivision into members. — thin layers have been cemented by Throughout northern Illinois the iron oxide or silica. A zone varying Mt. Simon sandstone consists of a from 15 to 249 feet thick at the base cyclic alternation of relatively fine- of the formation is arkosic and local- grained units and coarse-grained, ly contains biotite and muscovite granule-bearing units (figs. 2, 3). flakes as well as granite grains and Although to the southeastward and pebbles. Occasional grains of feld- westward granules become scarcer spar and granite and very rare gab- and smaller, and the entire forma- bro and quartzite pebbles have been tion grows more silty and finer observed in higher beds. Thin layers grained, the sequence still is clearly of dark-red or variegated, partly distinguishable. Some lateral grada- micaceous shale and siltstone occur tion or interfingering may take place at different horizons. along the contacts between the units. Red units are ; fades.—Where best developed The seven major present •the red facies is characterized by herein regarded as members, and are j . Illinois Academy of Science Transactions Illinois, to the vicinity named and described in ascending derived from the Crane School, order. The members are made up of NWi/4 NEi/4 NW14 Sec. 22, T. 40 numerous subordinate units, many N., R. 5 E. DeKalb County, 4 miles of which extend practically through- south of the type well. The "type out the region. section" consists of samples 387 The type well for the four lower through 491 in sample set 1301, ex- members is Wyman No. 1 (well 7), tending from depths of 3105 to 3845 a cable-tool well in the NE}£ NEi/i feet. The member ranges from 620 SE*4 Sec. 35, T. 41 N., R. 5 B., De- to 740 feet thick (figs. 2, 3). The Kalb County, Illinois, sample set grains range from very fine to very , 1301. 2 The type well for the three coarse, and a few granules are rarely upper members is McQueen No. 1 present, but the predominant grades • (well 6), a cable-tool well in the are fine and medium. The lower por- j SW% NE% NE% Sec. 27, T. 42 N., tion of the member generally is j R. 3 E., DeKalb County, Illinois, more or less shaly, silty, and arkosic. ' sample set 1466. Kenyon member.—Por the thin Crane member.—For the relative- conglomeratic sandstone overlying ; ly fine-grained basal member of the the Crane member the name Kenyon Mt. Simon formation the name Crane member is proposed. The name is . member is proposed. The name is derived from Kenyon school, NE}4 / 2 of set in subsurface files of NWy Sec. 17, T. 40 N., E. Number sample 4 NW% j; Illinois (ieolojrical Survey. Most samples in both 1 sets represent five- or ten-foot intervals. 6 E., Kane County, 3^ miles south- ! Mt. Simon Sandstone in Northern Illinois 155 east of the type well. The "type sec- made up of finer-grained nonconglo- ' tion ' consists of samples 367 meratic sandstone are from 10 to 90 through 386 in sample set 1301, ex- feet thick. In the McElroy well (11) tending from depths of 2975 to 3105 most of the sequence is conglomer- feet. The member ranges in thick- atic, but in the Taylor and Parish ness from 34 to 130 feet. Where less wells (5, 9) granule beds are very than 80 feet thick, it is composed subordinate.
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