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Natural Gas Conversion Guide

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Natural Gas Conversion Guide The International Gas Union (IGU), founded in 1931, is a worldwide non-profit organisation promoting the political, technical and economic progress of the gas industry with the mission to advocate for gas as an integral part of a sustainable global energy system. IGU has more than 110 members worldwide and represents more than 95% of the world's gas market. The members are national associations and corporations of the gas industry. The working organisation of IGU covers the complete value chain of the gas industry from upstream to downstream. For more information please visit www.igu.org. Natural Gas Conversion Guide 1 Contents MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF IGU 4 - 5 SECTION 1 1.1) Standard Conversion Tables 8 - 13 SECTION 2 2.1) Terminology and Assumptions 16 - 18 2.2) Natural Gas (NG) 19 - 21 2.3) Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) 22 - 23 2.4) Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 24 - 25 SECTION 3 3.1) Inter-Fuel Conversion Tables 28 - 33 SECTION 4 4.1) References/Links 36 SECTION 5 5.1) Terms 38 - 45 5.2) Abbreviations 46 5.3) Measurements 47 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 48 Copyright © 2012 International Gas Union (IGU). The entire content of this publication is protected by copyrights, full details of which are available from the publisher. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the copyright owner. 2 3 Contents MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF IGU 4 - 5 SECTION 1 1.1) Standard Conversion Tables 8 - 13 SECTION 2 2.1) Terminology and Assumptions 16 - 18 2.2) Natural Gas (NG) 19 - 21 2.3) Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) 22 - 23 2.4) Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 24 - 25 SECTION 3 3.1) Inter-Fuel Conversion Tables 28 - 33 SECTION 4 4.1) References/Links 36 SECTION 5 5.1) Terms 38 - 45 5.2) Abbreviations 46 5.3) Measurements 47 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 48 Copyright © 2012 International Gas Union (IGU). The entire content of this publication is protected by copyrights, full details of which are available from the publisher. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the copyright owner. 2 3 Message from the President of IGU Dear colleagues, For those who do not have a copy of the guide, you can log onto the IGU website (www.igu.org), and proceed to the section Thanks to technology, the energy industry today is moving towards on natural gas conversion. For those who wish to undertake a an almost seamless environment. The consumer is now no longer more detailed conversion under a more complex environment, we locked to a single type of fuel. The ability to switch between using have also included in the guide a list of “links” to a few websites. oil, natural gas and coal, has enabled one to take full advantage of the most efficient and lowest priced source of energy. However, The publication of this conversion guide has been made possible to do so, one has to calculate and compare which fuel, at the from the contributions of a few organisations which had provided given point in time, would provide the “best value for money”. their experts to participate in this initiative. I therefore wish to express our heartfelt gratitude to PETRONAS, Shell, and Tokyo As a spokesperson for the IGU, I find a conversion guide almost Gas, for their invaluable contributions. I also wish to thank those a necessity. You can never know what type of questions would be organisations whose previous publications have been used asked. Even within the gas industry, we use different measurement as reference by the team during the course of developing the systems for different regions of the world. Hence, the best way is conversion guide, in particular Shell, The Petroleum Economist, to equip oneself with a tool which would enable one to carry out and Alphatania. a quick comparison of natural gas using a common denominator or making inter-fuel comparisons. To conclude, I wish to emphasise that this guide is meant only as a tool and a quick guide to assist you to find the equivalent This Natural Gas Conversion Guide is IGU’s contribution to assist values for natural gas, LNG, LPG, oil and coal. I trust that you analysts from different types of background to quickly convert would find the guide to be handy and useful. and find the equivalent value between the three fossil fuels, under a given set of parameters. This guide comprises four sections, Thank you. namely: standard conversion tables; characteristics and conversion tables for natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); inter-fuel conversion; and a set of glossary Datuk (Dr) Abdul Rahim Hashim of terms and abbreviations. The guide also comes in two sizes, President, IGU a normal A5-sized handbook, and a pocket-sized booklet. 2009 - 2012 Malaysian IGU Presidency Triennium 4 5 Message from the President of IGU Dear colleagues, For those who do not have a copy of the guide, you can log onto the IGU website (www.igu.org), and proceed to the section Thanks to technology, the energy industry today is moving towards on natural gas conversion. For those who wish to undertake a an almost seamless environment. The consumer is now no longer more detailed conversion under a more complex environment, we locked to a single type of fuel. The ability to switch between using have also included in the guide a list of “links” to a few websites. oil, natural gas and coal, has enabled one to take full advantage of the most efficient and lowest priced source of energy. However, The publication of this conversion guide has been made possible to do so, one has to calculate and compare which fuel, at the from the contributions of a few organisations which had provided given point in time, would provide the “best value for money”. their experts to participate in this initiative. I therefore wish to express our heartfelt gratitude to PETRONAS, Shell, and Tokyo As a spokesperson for the IGU, I find a conversion guide almost Gas, for their invaluable contributions. I also wish to thank those a necessity. You can never know what type of questions would be organisations whose previous publications have been used asked. Even within the gas industry, we use different measurement as reference by the team during the course of developing the systems for different regions of the world. Hence, the best way is conversion guide, in particular Shell, The Petroleum Economist, to equip oneself with a tool which would enable one to carry out and Alphatania. a quick comparison of natural gas using a common denominator or making inter-fuel comparisons. To conclude, I wish to emphasise that this guide is meant only as a tool and a quick guide to assist you to find the equivalent This Natural Gas Conversion Guide is IGU’s contribution to assist values for natural gas, LNG, LPG, oil and coal. I trust that you analysts from different types of background to quickly convert would find the guide to be handy and useful. and find the equivalent value between the three fossil fuels, under a given set of parameters. This guide comprises four sections, Thank you. namely: standard conversion tables; characteristics and conversion tables for natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); inter-fuel conversion; and a set of glossary Datuk (Dr) Abdul Rahim Hashim of terms and abbreviations. The guide also comes in two sizes, President, IGU a normal A5-sized handbook, and a pocket-sized booklet. 2009 - 2012 Malaysian IGU Presidency Triennium 4 5 Natural Gas Conversion Guide SECTION 1 6 7 Natural Gas Conversion Guide SECTION 1 6 7 Standard Conversion Tables Conversion factors are rounded up to at most four decimal places for approximation purpose. (1) Length (3) Volume multiply by multiply by Imperial centimetre metre kilometre inch foot yard mile US gallon cubic cubic inch cubic foot cubic yard litre gallon Oil barrel (cm) (m) (km) (in) (ft) (yd) 3 3 3 3 liquid metre (m ) (in ) (ft ) (yd ) ( ) liquid (US bbl) (US gal.) -5 -6 (Imp. gal.) cm 0.01 1.0 x 10 0.3937 0.0328 0.0109 6.214 x 10 m3 61,024 35.31 1.308 1,000 220.0 264.2 6.290 m 100 0.001 39.37 3.281 1.094 6.214 x 10-4 in3 1.639 x 10-5 5.787 x 10-4 2.143 x 10-5 0.0164 0.0036 0.0043 1.031 x10-4 km 100,000 1,000 39,370 3,281 1,094 0.6214 ft3 0.0283 1,728 0.0370 28.32 6.229 7.481 0.1781 in 2.54 0.0254 2.540 x 10-5 0.0833 0.0278 1.578 x 10-5 yd3 0.7646 46,656 27 764.6 168.2 202.0 4.809 ft 30.48 0.3048 3.048 x 10-4 12 0.3333 1.894 x 10-4 0.001 61.02 0.0353 0.0013 0.22 0.2642 0.0063 yd 91.44 0.9144 9.144 x 10-4 36 3 5.682 x 10-4 Imp. gal. 0.0045 277.4 0.1605 0.0059 4.546 1.201 0.0286 mile 160,934 1,609 1.609 63,360 5,280 1,760 US gal.
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