Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception, Vol. 3 (2011): Athena

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Year: 2011

Article Authorities

Ebel, Eva

Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-54073 Book Section Published Version

Originally published at: Ebel, Eva (2011). Article Authorities. In: Klauck, Hans-Josef; Leppin, Volker; McGinn, Bernard. Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception : Volume 3: Athena – Birkat ha-Minim. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter Verlag, 114-116. Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception, vol. 3 (2011): Athena – Birkat ha-Minim

Athena Avi-Yonah, Michael Athenagoras Avodah /Yom Kippur Athenobius Avodah Zarah /Idols, Idolatry; Adultery Athenodorus /Clement of Alexandria Avot Athens Avot de-Rabbi Natan Athlai Avot, Khirbet Athlete of God/Christ Avrabanel, Isaac ben Judah /Abarbanel, Isaac Athletics /Agon; Games; Gymnasium ben Judah Atiratu /Asherah Avva, Avvites Atlit Avvim Aton /Aten Avvites /Avva, Avvites Atonement Awan Atra-h˚ asis Awe /Amazement, Awe Atroth-Beth-Joab Awl Atroth-Shophan Awlād al-Assāl /Sons of al-Assa¯ l Attah Horeta la-Daat /Simḥat Torah Awning Attah Zokher /Zikhronot Axe Attai Axial Age Attalia in Pamphylia Axle /Wheel Attalus Aya Attharates Ayin (ayin) /Alphabet Attharias Ayish /Aldebaran Attica Ayyah Atum Ayyub /Job (Book and Person) Auditions, Auditory Experiences Ayyubid Dynasty Auerbach, Elias Azael Auerbach, Erich Azal /Azel Augsburg Confession Azaliah Augury /Divination; Magi; Magic, Magician Azaniah Augustine of Hippo Azarel Augustus Azariah Auma, Alice /Holy Spirit Movement Azariah de’ Rossi /de’ Rossi, Azariah Auranus Azariah, Prayer of /Prayer of Azariah and Aurelius, Marcus /Apologists, Early Christian; Song of the Three Jews Ascetics, Asceticism; Autobiography; Azarias /Azariah Stoics, Stoicism Azaru Aureoli, Petrus Azaz Aurogallus (Goldhahn), Matthaeus Azazel Australia /Oceania Azaziah Author, Implicit /Authorship; Narrative Azbuk Criticism, Narratology Azekah Authoritative Teaching (NHC VI,3) Azel Authorities Azeret /Booths, Feast of; Passover, Pesaḥ ; Authority of Scripture /Scriptural Authority Weeks, Festival of Authorized Versions of the Bible /Versions and Azetas Translations of the Bible Azgad Authorship Azharot Autobiography Aziel /Jaaziel Autos Sacramentales Azione sacra /Oratorio Avaran Aziza Avarice /Seven Deadly Sins Azmaveth (Person) Ave Maria Azmaveth (Place) Avelei Tsiyyon /Mourners of Zion Azmon Aven Aznoth-Tabor Avenger Azor Avesta Azotus Avinu Sheba-Shamayim /God (Names and Azrael /Angel of Death Epithets) Azriel Avith Azrikam

Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception,vol.3(© Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2011)

1 Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception, vol. 3 (2011): Athena – Birkat ha-Minim

Azubah Bacchides Azzan Bacchus /Dionysus Azzur Bacenor Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Johann Christian Bach, Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, Johann Sebastian Baal (Deity) Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann Baal (Person) Bäck, Sven-Erik Baal (Place) Bacon, Francis (Painter) Baal of Peor /Baal-Peor Bacon, Francis (Philosopher) Baal Shem Tov (Besht) Bacon, Roger Baalah Badger /Fauna, Biblical Baalath Badia, Carlo Agostino Baalath-Beer Badings, Henk Baal-Berith Baean Baale-Judah /Kiriath-Jearim Baeck, Leo Baal-Gad Bag, Baggage Baal-Hamon Bagatti, Bellarmino Baal-Hanan Baggesen, Jens Baal-Hazor Bagoas Baal-Hermon Bagpipe /Music and Musical Instruments Baalim /Baal (Deity) Baha¯ ı¯ Baalis Baharum /Bahurim Baal-Judah Baḥ ı¯ ra¯ Baal-Meon Bahurim Baal-Peor Baḥya ben Asher Baal-Perazim Baḥ ya ben Joseph ibn Paquda Baalsamus /Maaseiah Bait Aliya /Jerusalem Baal-Shalishah Baiterus Baal-Shamayn /Baal-Shamem Bakbakkar Baal-Shamem Bakbuk Baal-Tamar Bakbukiah Baal-Zebub, Baal-Zebul /Beelzebub, Beelzebul Bakers’ Street Baal-Zephon Bakhtin, Mikhail M. Baana Baking Baanah Bala(h), Deir el- /Deir el-Balah Baara Balaam Baaseiah Balaam’s Ass /Ass; Balaam Baasha Baladan Bab Edh-Dhra Balah Babai the Great Balak Babel /Babel, Tower of; Babylon; Babylonia Balamon Babel, Tower of Balances Babel-Bibel-Streit /Babel-Bible Controversy Balanchine, George Babel-Bible Controversy Balbaim Baboon /Ape Bald Locust /Locusts Baby /Child, Children; Infant, Infancy Balde, Jacobus Babylon Baldness Babylonia Baldung Grien, Hans Babylonian Captivity /Captive, Captivity; Exile Baldwin, James Babylonian Empire /Babylonia; Empire; Four Ball Empires Ballad Babylonian Exile /Captive, Captivity; Exile Ballard, James Graham Babylonian Judaism Ballet /Balanchine, George; Ballets Russes, Babylonian Language /Akkadian Language Les; Bat-Dor Dance Company; Biblical Babylonian Sibyl /Sibyl and Sibylline Oracles Ballet Dance Company; Dance; Babylonian Talmud /Talmud, Babylonian Diaghilev, Sergei Baca, Valley of Ballets Russes, Les

Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception, vol. 3 (© Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2011)

2 Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception, vol. 3 (2011): Athena – Birkat ha-Minim

Balm, Balsam Barnabas, Epistle of Balsam /Balm, Balsam Barnabas, Gospel of Balthasar /Magi Barodis Balthasar, Hans Urs von Baron, Dvora Balzac, Honoré de Baroque Bamah /High Place Barr, James Bamoth /Bamoth-Baal; High Place Barrabas /Barabbas Bamoth-Baal Bar-Rakib /Aramaic Inscriptions; Ban, Banishment (Ḥerem) Rechabites, History of the Band Barrenness Banditry Barsabbas Bangles /Jewelry Bartacus Bani Barth, Jakob Banias /Caesarea Philippi Barth, Karl Banking /Debt, Debts; Economics and the Bartholomew Bible; Trade and Commerce; Usury Bartholomew the Apostle, Book of the Resurrection Bannas of Christ by /Bartholomew, Gospel of Banner Bartholomew, Acts of Banning (Su¯ ra 66) Bartholomew, Apocalypse of /Bartholomew, Banquet Gospel of Banqueting Hall/House Bartholomew, Gospel of Banū Isrāīl (Sūra 17) /Children of Israel, The Bartholomew, Questions of /Bartholomew, (Su¯ ra 17) Gospel of Baptism Bartimaeus Baptism of Jesus Bartolommeo della Porta, Fra Baptist, John the /John the Baptist Baruch Baptisteries Baruch ben Neriah (the Scribe) Baptists Baruch Writings Baqara /Golden Calf Baruch, Book of (Chapter 6) /Jeremiah, Epistle of Bar /Family; Rod; Son of God Barzakh /Purgatory Bar Hadad /Ben-Hadad Barzillai Bar Hebraeus Basemath Bar Kokhba Revolt Bashan Bar Kosiba /Bar Kokhba Revolt Bashan-Havoth-Jair /Bashan; Havvoth-Jair Bar Ṣ alı¯ bı¯ , Dionysius Bashyatchi, Elijah Bar/Bat Mitsvah Basil of Caesarea Barabbas Basilica Barachel Basilides, Basilidians Barad Basilides, Gospel of Baraita Basilisk /Serpent Baraita de-Melekhet ha-Mishkan Basin Baraita of the 32 Rules Basket Barak Baskin, Leonard Barbarian Basmath /Basemath Barbelo-Gnostics Bastard /Illegitimate Offspring Barber Bastet Barcelona, Disputation of Bastion /Fortress, Fortification Bardaisan of Edessa Bat Bardesanites Bat Mitsvah /Bar/Bat Mitsvah Bariah Bat Qol /Auditions, Auditory Experiences Bar-Jesus Bataille, Georges Bar-Jona /Peter Batashi, Tell el- Barkos Bat-Dor Dance Company Barlaam and Josaphat Bath-Rabbim Barley (Hordeum Vulgare) Baths, Bathing /Ablutions; Baptism; Barmen, The Theological Declaration of Footwashing; Miqweh; Purity and Barn /Agriculture Impurity Barnabas Bathsheba Barnabas, Acts of Bath-Shua

Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception,vol.3(© Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2011)

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Batsheva Dance Company Beelzebub, Beelzebul Battering Ram /Weaponry Beer (Drink) Battle /Armageddon; David and Goliath, Beer (Place) Story of; Eschatology; Gog and Magog; Beera Military Organization; War, Wars; Beerah Revelation, Book of Beer-Elim Battlement /Fortress, Fortification Beer-Hofmann, Richard Baudelaire, Charles Beeri Baudissin, Wolf Wilhelm Friedrich Graf Beer-Lahai-Roi Bauer, Bruno Beeroth Bauer, Walter Beeroth-Bene-Jaakan Baumgartner, Walter Beer-Sheba Baur, Ferdinand Christian Beersheba, Tell /Beer-Sheba Bavvai Beeshterah Bay Tree Beethoven, Ludwig van Bayle, Pierre Beggar, Begging Bayt al-Maqdis /Jerusalem Beginning and End /Alpha and Omega Bayt Īliyā /Jerusalem Begrich, Joachim Bazaar /Trade and Commerce Beheading /Capital Punishment; Bazlith Decapitation; Reward and Punishment Bazluth /Bazlith Behemoth Bdellium /Perfume Behistun /Bisitun Beach Beirut Beads, Beadwork /Jewelry Beit Mirsim, Tell Bealiah Beitin, Tell /Bethel (North of Jerusalem) Bealoth Beka /Weights and Measures Beans Bekhor Shor, Joseph ben Isaac Bear Bel /Baal (Deity); Marduk Beard Bel and the Dragon Bearing of the Cross /Simon of Cyrene; Bela (Person) Stations of the Cross Bela (Place) Beast Belchira /Isaiah, Martyrdom and Ascension of Beating /Flagellation; Reward and Belial, Beliar Punishment Belief, Believers /Faith Beatitudes Believer, The (Su¯ ra 40) Beatty, Chester (Papyri) /Chester Beatty Papyri Believers, The (Su¯ ra 23) Beautiful Gate Bell, Bells Beauty Bellarmino, Roberto Francesco Romolo Bebai (Person) Bellini, Giovanni Bebai (Place) Bellini, Vincenzo Becher, Becherites Belloc, Hilaire Becker, Cornelius Bellow, Saul Beckett, Samuel Bellows Beckmann, Max Belmain Becorath Belnuus /Binnui Bectileth Beloved Disciple /Disciple, Discipleship; John Bed the Disciple Bedad Belshazzar Bedan Belt Bede Belteshazzar Bedeiah Beltethmus Bedersi, Abraham ben Isaac Beltu Bedersi, Jedaiah ben Abraham /Jedaiah ben Bemidbar Rabbah (BemR) Abraham Bedersi Ben Sira, Alphabet of /Alphabet of Ben Sira Bedouins /Amalek, Amalekites; Nomads, Ben Sira, Wisdom of /Sirach, Wisdom of Jesus Nomadism; Patriarchs Son of Bee Ben Zeev, Judah Leib Bee, The Book of the Ben-Abinadab Beeliada Benaiah

Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception, vol. 3 (© Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2011)

4 Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception, vol. 3 (2011): Athena – Birkat ha-Minim

Ben-Ammi Berdichevsky, Micah Joseph Benamozegh, Elia Berdugo, Raphael ben Mordecai Ben-Asher Codex /Cairo Codex Berdyaev, Nikolai Alexandrovich Ben-Asher, Aaron ben Moses Berea /Beroea Ben-Chorin, Schalom Berechiah Bendavid, Lazarus Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Naqdan Ben-Deker Bered (Person) Ben-Dosa, Hanina /Ḥ anina ben Dosa Bered (Place) Bene Qedem /Kadmonite/Kadmonites; Berengar of Tours Kedemah; Kedemoth Berenice /Bernice Benedicamus domino Bereshit Rabbah (BerR) Benedict of Nursia Bereshit Rabbati /Moses ha-Darshan Benediction /Blessing Berg, Alban Benedictus Berg, David Benefactor Bergman, Ingmar Bene-Jaakan Bergsträsser, Gotthelf Beneventan Chant /Chant Beri Ben-Geber Beriah Bengel, Johann Albrecht Berio, Luciano Ben-Gurion, David Berith /Covenant Ben-Hadad Berlin Gnostic Codex /Berolinensis, Codex Ben-Hail Berlin, Naphtali Tsevi Judah Ben-Hanan Berlioz, Hector Ben-Hesed Bernard of Clairvaux Ben-Hinnom, Valley of /Hinnom Valley Bernfeld, Simon Ben-Hur (Film) /Wallace, Lewis Bernice Ben-Hur (Official over Ephraim) Bernini, Gian Lorenzo Beninu Bernstein, Aaron David Benjamin (Son of Jacob) Bernstein, Leonard Benjamin ben Judah of Rome /Bozecco, Beroea Benjamin ben Judah Berolinensis, Codex Benjamin Gate Berossus of Babylon Benjamin of Cambridge Berothah Benjamin, Testament of /Benjamin (Son of Berothai Jacob); Twelve Patriarchs, Testaments of Berries /Fruit; Flora, Biblical Benjamin, Walter Berton, Henri-Montan Benjaminites Bertram of Minden Benn (Benzion Rabinovich) Beryl Benn, Gottfried Berytus /Beirut Ben-Naphtali, Moses ben David Bes Bennett, Sir William Sterndale Besai Beno Besant, Annie Benoit, Pierre Maurice Bescaspasmys Ben-Oni Besht /Baal Shem Tov (Besht) Benozzo Gozzoli Besodeiah Bentzen, Aage Besor Benveniste, Sheshet Bestiality Ben-Yehuda, Eliezer Bet (ha-)midrash (BM) Ben-Zion Beta (τα) /Alphabet Ben-Zoheth Beta Israel Beon Betah Beor Betar /Bether Beowulf Beten Bera Beth (bêt) /Alphabet Beracah (Person) Beth Alpha Beracah, Valley of Beth Eglayim /Ajjul, Tell el- Beraiah Beth Guvrin Berakhah, Berakhot /Blessing Bethabara /Bethany; Beth-Barah Béraud, Jean Beth-Anath

5 Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception, vol. 3 (2011): Athena – Birkat ha-Minim

Beth-Anoth Bethul /Bethuel (Person); Bethuel (Place) Bethany Bethulia Beth-Arabah Beth-Zaith Beth-Aram /Arameans Beth-Zatha Beth-Arbel Beth-Zechariah Beth-Ashbea Beth-Zur Bethasmoth Betomasthaim Beth-Aven Betonim Beth-Azmaveth Betray, Betrayal Beth-Baal-Meon Betrothal Beth-Barah Bewer, Julius August Bethbasi Beyond the Jordan Beth-Biri Beyond the River Beth-Car Bezae Cantabrigiensis, Codex Beth-Dagon Bezai Beth-Diblathaim Bezalel Beth-Eden Bèze, Théodore de Beth-Eked Bezek Bethel (Deity) Bezer (Person) Bethel (In Judah) Bezer (Place) Bethel (North of Jerusalem) Bezetha Bethel-Sharezer /Sharezer Bialik, Ḥ ayyim Naḥ man Beth-Emek Bibago, Abraham Bether Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Bethesda /Beth-Zatha Bible Beth-Ezel Bible Belt Beth-Gader Bible Contests and Competitions /Contests and Beth-Gamul Competitions, Bible Beth-Gilgal Bible Illustration Beth-Haccherem Bible Literacy Project /Culture Wars, Bible in Beth-Haggan Bible Moralisée Beth-Haram Bible Museums /Museums Beth-Haran /Beth-Horon Bible Societies Beth-Hoglah Bible Translation /Hermeneutics; Versions Beth-Horon and Translations of the Bible Beth-Jeshimoth Bible, Formation of the /Canon Beth-Leaphrah Bible, Inerrancy of /Inerrancy of the Bible Beth-Lebaoth Bible, Statistical Research on the /Literacy Bethlehem (Ephrathah) Bibles, Children’s /Children’s Bibles Bethlehem of Zebulun Bibles, Decorated /Illuminated/Decorated Beth-Maac(h)ah /Abel-Beth-Maacah Bibles Beth-Marcaboth Bibles, Illuminated /Illuminated/Decorated Beth-Meon Bibles Beth-Millo Biblia Hebraica Beth-Nimrah Biblia Pauperum /Poor Man’s Bible Beth-Pazzez Biblical Antiquities /Philo, Pseudo- Beth-Pelet Biblical Archaeology /Archaeology Beth-Peor Biblical Associations /Bible Societies; Societies Bethphage of Biblical Research Beth-Rapha Biblical Authority /Scriptural Authority Beth-Rehob Biblical Ballet Dance Company Bethsaida Biblical Commentaries /Pesher, Pesharim; Beth-Shean Commentaries (Genre) Beth-Shearim Biblical Criticism Beth-Shemesh Biblical Pulp Fiction /Pulp Fiction, Biblical Beth-Shittah Biblical Societies /Bible Societies; Societies of Beth-Tappuah Biblical Research Bethuel (Person) Biblical Spectacular /Spectacular, Biblical Bethuel (Place) Biblical Theme Parks /Theme Parks, Biblical

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Biblical Theology Bileam (Place) Biblical Tree Bilgah Biblical Zoo, Jerusalem /Zoos and Wildlife Bilgai Preserves, Biblical Bilhah (Person) Biblicism Bilhah (Place) Biblioblogs /Internet and the Bible, The Bilhan Bibliodrama Bill /Divorce Bibliolatry Billerbeck, Paul Bibliomancy /Magical Use of the Bible Bilqīs /Sheba, Queen of Bibliotheca Sacra Bilshan Bichri Bimhal Bickerman, Elias Joseph Binding and Loosing /Absolution; Key, Keys Bidkar Binding of Isaac /Aqedah Biel, Gabriel Binea Bigamy /Marriage; Monogamy, Bigamy and Binnui Polygamy Biography, Ancient Bigtha Biram, Kefar /Archaeology Bigthan Bird of Prey Bigvai Birds Bildad El-Berith /Baal-Berith Bileam (Person) /Balaam Birkhat ha-Minim