DOCSLIB.ORG

GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION and RESEARCH in NEPAL: CHALLENGES, STATUS and OPTIONS Kabi Prasad Pokhrel, Phd Reader, CERID, T.U., Nepal [email protected]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION and RESEARCH in NEPAL: CHALLENGES, STATUS and OPTIONS Kabi Prasad Pokhrel, Phd Reader, CERID, T.U., Nepal Drkabipokhrel@Gmail.Com Kabi Prasad Pokhrel... GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN NEPAL: CHALLENGES, STATUS/39 GEOGRAPHY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN NEPAL: CHALLENGES, STATUS AND OPTIONS Kabi Prasad Pokhrel, PhD Reader, CERID, T.U., Nepal [email protected] Abstract This paper discusses the development trends of Nepalese Geography and presents the status of geography teaching and research activities at university level. Facts and fi gures, used for discussion were assembled from the review of available geographic literature. Findings of the paper clearly indicate that there is an urgent need to redefi ne its directive principles in its research goals, teaching styles and social relevance. The author opines that Nepalese Geographers have to disseminate and recreate the existing knowledge of geographical science and adopt micro approach for the application of our integrated knowledge to the promotion of human welfare. Key Words: Geographic research, geotechnologies, social relevance, climate change adaptation, geopolitical relationship. INTRODUCTION Since Nepal is in a state of restructuring movement, the need is great for geography education and The dynamics of globalization have strong spatial geotechnologies i.e. geographic information system- implications and geographic dimensions. As we GIS, remote sensing-RS, global positioning system- embark in our journey through the 21st century GPS and other specialists to apply the knowledge we experience the complexity of a world changed and innovation to transgress both disciplinary and through the forces of globalization environmental sectoral boundaries which are ever changing through change and ever growing challenges of livelihoods. the driving forces of global change. These growing Confl icts and terrorism are actively shaping the challenges, opportunities and options require geopolitical relationships among people and places integrative and multidisciplinary approaches to all over the world (Richardson, 2003). Environmental research and location-specifi c education that can problems and natural disasters know no political be possible by incorporating geography knowledge boundaries. Ecosystem healing requires the in school and collage curriculum and research area participation of countries, nations, and communities with integrative problem-solving capabilities of from many political, economic, and social origins. newly developed geotechnologies. It shows that With increased international migration, economic our national education policy and programs need to integration, cultural interaction, and pressures move toward advancing multidisciplinary research of globalization can fracture communities along and education, incorporating within its geographic ethnic, cultural, and religious divides. All these studies both the physical and human perspectives ever increasing issues are begun to call for more at school and university level. For geography integrative approaches to research and education with its GIS technologies, thriving as it does at for understanding the marvelous diversity that the intersection of the physical and social sciences geography education can richly provide. In light of as an inherently interdisciplinary discipline. This these realities geographic research and education trend within the broader research and applications are essential to achieving better interregional and communities generate many fruitful opportunities intercultural understanding along with the strong that need to respond effectively by the state policy feeling of nationality for national unity and its and action of plans. Thus, the technical knowledge implications for addressing economic, natural and theoretical insight of geography science need to resource, and other social and political disparities. extend both in vertical as well as horizontal linkage Many cross-disciplinary researches and societal to promote public welfare in relation to addressing solutions indicate that the analytical power of socio-ecological issues by strong tie with the geographic ideas, techniques and perspectives need philosophy of live and let live. to be incorporated into the curricula of school level (up to grade 12) as core and compulsory subject and major discipline in university level. 40/ The Third Pole METHODS AND MATERIALS remained the borrower of ideas from USA, UK and India. It did not experience any paradigmatic The paper is based on secondary sources of upheaval and crisis. A major share of geographic information for tracing out the development trends research in Nepal is similar to Indian context likely of Nepalese Geography education and research duplicate copy of some pioneer works in urban both at school and university level. Issues, options geography, population and settlement geography and obstacles of the development of geography and agricultural geography. Therefore, the science in Nepal have been analyzed by using methodological root of contemporary geographic content analysis methods. Thus, the paper is more research in Nepal is the infl uence of Indian, descriptive and qualitative in nature. American and even British geographers. Up to mid 1980s geography was recognized as one of the core and compulsory subject at secondary school PRESENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES level and Nepal Parichaya (An Introduction to Nepalese Geography, though not very old in the Nepal) as a national geography content was taught global context, has traveled 50 years long journey at certifi cate level. The students in any streams since the establishment of Tribhuvan University became literate in history and geography of Nepal in 1960s. In the education history of Nepal it was and earned the basic knowledge that need to a placed as a compulsory and core subject since the conscious citizen to learning to think spatially with time of Raja Jaya Prithvi Bahadur Singh when strong feeling of nationality. It is because of the the book on Geography of Nepal was written. It geographical knowledge by its nature. It is easy to formally included in the school curricula since the understand the man and place relation logically by time of SLC Examination Board establishment in dealing man -environment relationship focusing on 1934. Within the framework of formal education why things are where they are and what processes at higher level studies geography started in Tri- are responsible for the changes in the pattern of Chandra Collage in 1947 as an academic discipline development and distribution. in Nepal. Thus, geography was taught at university In the history of national development of the level with traditional lines as a descriptive science country, geographical contribution is great and since mid sixties. But it remained narrowed Nepalese Geographers had contributed in different and receiving higher studies only viewed as an capacities since the beginning of the 1970s and input to further teaching rather than research gained honorable place in national institutions like (Manandher et.al., 1978). Onward seventies, the National Planning Commission (Vice-chairman-4 department of Geography which consisted of and Member-2), Ministries, and senior advisors in number of western- trained geographers started various national and international organizations. the teaching of discipline in little bit modern Nepalese geography did multiyear academic lines. However, research works in geography progress since 1970 to 1990 and made remarkable are very few even today. Consequently, there is a progress in teaching and research and had continued tendency to borrow its philosophical impressed to the development policy particularly in foundations and intellectual rigor from the West the regional development approach in the country. and India for dealing its evolution. Before 1965 Geographers showed their greater competence almost all Nepalese geographers earned their post and confi dence in the use of both of quantitative graduate degrees from the Indian universities such and qualitative methods of analysis and synthesis as University of Patna, Banaras Hindu University, with strong concern for dealing the problems of University of Kolkata, University of Allahabad and development and planning in an interdisciplinary University of Gorakhpur. Koirala (2010) raised the frame. Therefore, Nepalese Geographers had issues of methodological contribution of Nepalese occupied key positions in University, National geographers by taking into consideration their PhD. Planning Commission and other governmental research themes and incorporated methodologies he organizations. mentioned that most of the Nepalese geographers earned their Ph.D. degree from Indian Universities In spites of a long journey, of more than half a (46.7%), followed by American Universities (23.3%), century, Nepalese geography has lost its gravity in UK (10%), and Austria (3.3%). Onward 1980 both of educating people in national geography and Geography department of TU started to award policy assessment after 1990s. It suffers by several PhD. degree to Nepalese and foreign scholars in dilemma and debates concerning its disciplinary Nepal. Since 1980s, the Geography Department has aspects, expectation of society and curricular issues, awarded PhD. degree to 20 percent geographers. vertical linkage of courses from school to university However, it is lacking the theory building based level, and scientifi c research. Number of students in on indigenous experiences and methodological geography classroom are declined both at school and inquiries. Therefore, Nepalese geography has been college level. It is due to the lacking
Load more

Recommended publications
  • River Culture in Nepal
    Nepalese Culture Vol. XIV : 1-12, 2021 Central Department of NeHCA, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/nc.v14i0.35187 River Culture in Nepal Kamala Dahal- Ph.D Associate Professor, Patan Multipal Campus, T.U. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Most of the world civilizations are developed in the river basins. However, we do not have too big rivers in Nepal, though Nepalese culture is closely related with water and rivers. All the sacraments from birth to the death event in Nepalese society are related with river. Rivers and ponds are the living places of Nepali gods and goddesses. Jalkanya and Jaladevi are known as the goddesses of rivers. In the same way, most of the sacred places are located at the river banks in Nepal. Varahakshetra, Bishnupaduka, Devaghat, Triveni, Muktinath and other big Tirthas lay at the riverside. Most of the people of Nepal despose their death bodies in river banks. Death sacrement is also done in the tirthas of such localities. In this way, rivers of Nepal bear the great cultural value. Most of the sacramental, religious and cultural activities are done in such centers. Religious fairs and festivals are also organized in such a places. Therefore, river is the main centre of Nepalese culture. Key words: sacred, sacraments, purity, specialities, bath. Introduction The geography of any localities play an influencing role for the development of culture of a society. It affects a society directly and indirectly. In the beginning the nomads passed their lives for thousands of year in the jungle.
    [Show full text]
  • Zombie Slayers in a “Hidden Valley” (Sbas Yul): Sacred Geography and Political Organisation in the Nepal-Tibet Borderland1
    Zombie Slayers in a “Hidden Valley” (sbas yul): Sacred Geography and Political Organisation in the Nepal-Tibet Borderland1 Francis Khek Gee Lim The Himalaya, with its high peaks and deep valleys, served for centuries as natural geographical frontier and boundary between the kingdoms and states of South Asia it straddles. Given the strategic advantage of controlling that high ground, it is little wonder that the Himalaya has throughout history witnessed countless skirmishes between neighbouring states that sought such strategic advantage. The interest in this mountain range, of course, was not restricted to matters of defence. North-south trade routes criss-crossed the Himalayan range, connecting the Tibetan plateau to the rest of the Indian subcontinent, ensuring lucrative tax revenues for those who controlled these economic lifelines. In the era of European colonialism in the “long” 19th century, the Himalaya became embroiled in what has been called the “Great Game” between the British and Russian empires, who sought to expand their respective commercial and imperial interests in the region. Due to its pristine environment, awe-inspiring mountains, and the remoteness of its valleys, the Himalaya was also the well-spring of countless legends, myths and romantic imaginings, engendering the sacralisation of the landscape that had served as a source of religious inspiration for peoples living both in its vicinity and beyond. Hence, despite its remoteness — or because of it — warfare, pilgrimages, trade and the search for viable areas of settlement have been some of the key factors contributing to the migratory process and interest in the area. Largely because they lay in the frontier zone, enclaves of Tibetan settlements located deep in the numerous Himalayan valleys were often on the outer fringes of state influence, enjoying a significant degree of local autonomy until processes of state consolidation intensified in the last century or so, as exemplified by the case of Nepal.
    [Show full text]
  • How Do Multiple Kernel Functions in Machine Learning Algorithms Improve Precision in Flood Probability Mapping?
    How Do Multiple Kernel Functions in Machine Learning Algorithms Improve Precision in Flood Probability Mapping? Muhammad Aslam Baig Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-8454-478X Donghong XIONG Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-6962-3551 Mahfuzur Rahman ( [email protected] ) International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Md. Monirul Islam International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Ahmad Elbeltagi Mansoura University Belayneh Yigez Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Dil Kumar Rai Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Muhammad Tayab Northeast Normal University Ashraf Dewan Curtin University Bentley Campus: Curtin University Research Article Keywords: Hydro-climatic hazards, Machine learning algorithms, Gaussian process regression, Support vector machine, Climate change Posted Date: August 17th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-749595/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License 1 How do multiple kernel functions in machine learning algorithms improve precision in 2 flood probability mapping? 3 Muhammad Aslam Baiga,b, Donghong Xionga,*, Mahfuzur Rahmanc*, Md. Monirul Islamc, Ahmed Elbeltagid,e, 4 Belayneh Yigeza,b, Dil Kumar Raia,b, Muhammad Tayabf, Ashraf Dewang 5 aKey Laboratory for Mountain Hazards and Earth
    [Show full text]
  • List of Ph.D. Awarded
    Geography Dept. B.H.U.: List of PhD awarded, 1958-2013 1 Updated: 19 August 2013: The 67th Geography Foundation Day B.H.U. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP 221005. INDIA Department of Geography Doctoral Dissertation, Ph.D., in Geography: 1958 – 2013. No. Name of Scholar Title of the Doctoral Dissertation Awarded, & pub. year 1 2 3 4 1. Supervisor : Prof. Ram Lochan Singh (1946-1977) (late) 1. Shanti Lal Kayastha Himalayan Beas-Basin : A Study in Habitat, Economy 1958 and Society Pub. 1964 2. Radhika Narayan Ground Water Hydrology of Meerut District, U.P 1960 Mathur (earlier worked under Prof. Raj Nath, Geology Dept.) Pub. 1969 3. M. N. Nigam Urban Geography of Lucknow : (Submitted at Agra 1960 University) 4. S. L. Duggal Land Utilization Pattern in Moradabad District 1962 (submitted at Punjab University) 5. Vijay Ram Singh Land Utilization in the Neighbourhood of Mirzapur, U.P. 1962 Pub. 1970 6. Jagdish Singh Transport Geography of South Bihar 1962 Pub. 1964 7. Baccha Prasad Rao Vishakhapatanam : A Study in Geography of Port Town 1962 Pub. 1971 8. (Ms) Surinder Pannu Agro-Industrial Relationship in Saryupar Plain of U.P. 1962 9. Kashi N. Singh Rural Markets and Rurban Centres in Eastern U.P. 1963 10. Basant Singh Land Utilization in Chakia Tahsil, Varanasi 1963 11. Ram Briksha Singh Geography of Transport in U.P. 1963 Pub. 1966 12. S. P. Singh Bhagalpur : A Study in Regional Geography 1964 13. N. D. Bhattacharya Murshidabad : A Study in Settlement Geography 1965 14. Attur Ramesh TamiInadu Deccan: A Study. in Urban Geography 1965 15.
    [Show full text]
  • By Dr Rafiq Ahmad Hajam (Deptt. of Geography GDC Boys Anantnag) Cell No
    Sixth Semester Geography Notes (Unit-I) by Dr Rafiq Ahmad Hajam (Deptt. of Geography GDC Boys Anantnag) Cell No. 9797127509 GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA The word geography was coined by Eratosthenes, a Greek philosopher and mathematician, in 3rd century B.C. For his contribution in the discipline, he is regarded as the father of Geography. Location: India as a country, a part of earth‟s surface, is located in the Northern-Eastern Hemispheres between 80 4 N and 370 6 N latitudes and 680 7 E and 970 25 E longitudes. If the islands are taken into consideration, the southern extent goes up to 60 45 N. In India, Tropic of Cancer (230 30 N latitude) passes through eight states namely (from west to east) Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram. Time: the 820 30E longitude is taken as the Indian Standard Time meridian as it passes through middle (Allahabad) of the country. It is equal to 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT. Same longitude is used by Nepal and Sri Lanka. Size and Shape: India is the 7th largest country in the world with an area of 3287263 sq. km (32.87 lakh sq. km=3.287 million sq. km), after Russia, Canada, China, USA, Brazil and Australia. It constitutes 0.64% of the total geographical area of the world and 2.4% of the total land surface area of the world. The area of India is 20 times that of Britain and almost equal to the area of Europe excluding Russia. Rajasthan (342000 sq.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountain Tourism in Nepal: an Overview on the Sustainable Inclusion of Local Communities
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Mountain Forum Mountain tourism in Nepal: An overview on the sustainable inclusion of local communities Pranil Kumar Upadhayaya ∗ Bishnu Raj Upreti ∗ Abstract: The recent great political transformation of Nepal as a democratic republic has raised high expectations of mountain communities in socio-economic sphere through mountain tourism as well. Nepal, due to unique nature and unspoiled culture amidst a number of ethnic people and races natives in mountains & Himalayan regions, has undoubtedly bigger scope for the development of mountain tourism. Mountain tourism development is not attainable without the greater involvements of local communities, their enthusiastic participations, and sincere contributions. Though a number of efforts through policies and actions are made to enhance local communities’ participation in mountain tourism in Nepal, a general look shed light on the on the incomplete and puzzling picture raising a number of issues and questions on real participations of local people without prejudice on participatory decision makings & benefits sharing. The widespread involvement of local people in mountain tourism is not only mandatory for the comprehensive development of mountain tourism, but also for fulfillment of the livelihoods related inevitable needs of mountain people as key local stakeholders. The post-conflict Nepal after the end of a decade long (1996-2006) violent conflict is passing through the fragile period of transition. The local communities’ participation in equitable manner is increasingly important to prevent from their discontent and frustration, if not fulfilled, can further induce the possibility of the recurrence of any kind of unwarranted conflict in Nepal.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographical Education and Research in Nepal
    Baha Occasional Papers 3 Geographical Education and Research in Nepal Jagannath Adhikari Occasional Papers Series editor: Deepak Thapa © 2010, Jagannath Adhikari ISBN 978 9937 8266 6 2 Published for the Social Science Baha by Himal Books Social Science Baha Ramchandra Marg, Battisputali, Kathmandu—9, Nepal Tel: +977-1-4472807 • Fax: +977-1-4461669 email: [email protected] www.soscbaha.org Himal Books PO Box 166, Patan Dhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal Tel: +977-1-5542544 • Fax: +977-1-5541196 email: [email protected] www.himalbooks.com Printed in Nepal by Jagadamba Press, Hattiban, Lalitpur. Rs 100 Acknowledgements This paper was initially written for a conference on ‘social science in Nepal’ organised by the Institute for Social and Economic Trans- formation-Nepal in early 2003. Prof Padma Chandra Poudel of Trib- huvan University commented on this paper at the conference. His comments and suggestions, and those of other participants at the conference, were useful in improving the paper. Dr Rajendra Prad- han showed interest in the publication of this paper as part of the Occasional Paper Series of the Social Science Baha. In the course of revising the paper, Deepak Thapa edited the text and pointed out areas where revisions and updating were necessary. These helped greatly in making the manuscript more relevant. Manisha Khadka of the Social Science Baha also helped me in collecting the necessary information and literature on this subject. She held discussions with geographers and collected primary information on the status of ge- ography education in Tribhuvan University. Prof Narendra Khanal had previously helped me in writing the paper by providing vari- ous information and literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Forestry and Biodiversity (FAA 118 & 119)
    Tropical Forestry and Biodiversity (FAA 118 & 119) Assessment Report Nepal May 17, 2010 Team Members Bijay Kumar Singh Team Leader and Forestry Expert Tirtha Bahadur Shrestha Ph.D. Biodiversity Expert Shyam Upadhaya PES Expert Hom Mani Bhandari Soil and Watershed Expert Manish Shrestha GIS Expert Andrew Steele Editor With inputs and support from Netra Sharma (Sapkota), USAID/Nepal Disclaimer This assessment was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The authors' views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect views of USAID or the United States Government. i Acknowledgements The study team leader would like to thank USAID/Nepal for giving us the opportunity to carry out this study. I would like to express special thanks to Dr. Bill Patterson, and the other professional staff at both USAID and the US Embassy who kindly provided cooperation and logistic support. Special thanks also go to Mr. Netra Sharma (Sapkota), Cognizant Technical Officer of USAID/Nepal for his inputs and whole-hearted support for the study. In addition I would like to thank Mr. Prakash Mathema, Mr. Govinda Prasad Kafley, Dr. Jagadish Chandra Baral, Mr. Krishna Acharya, Dr. Bhisma Subedi, and the many other government and non-government officials who directly and indirectly provided their intellectual input. I would like to express my sincere thanks to all of the team members who worked extremely hard in the preparation of this report. Bijay Kumar Singh Study Team Leader ii Abbreviations and Acronyms ACAP
    [Show full text]
  • MAP 4 INDIAN MOUNTAIN RANGES.Indd
    PRELIMS SAMPOORN As IAS prelims 2021 is knocking at the door, jitters and anxiety is a common emotion that an aspirant feels. But if we analyze the whole journey, these last few days act most crucial in your preparation. This is the time when one should muster all their strength and give the fi nal punch required to clear this exam. But the main task here is to consolidate the various resources that an aspirant is referring to. GS SCORE brings to you, Prelims Sampoorna, a series of all value-added resources in your prelims preparation, which will be your one-stop solution and will help in reducing your anxiety and boost your confi dence. As the name suggests, Prelims Sampoorna is a holistic program, which has 360- degree coverage of high-relevance topics. It is an outcome-driven initiative that not only gives you downloads of all resources which you need to summarize your preparation but also provides you with All India open prelims mock tests series in order to assess your learning. Let us summarize this initiative, which will include: GS Score UPSC Prelims 2021 Yearly Current Affairs Compilation of All 9 Subjects Topic-wise Prelims Fact Files (Approx. 40) Geography Through Maps (6 Themes) Map Based Questions ALL India Open Prelims Mock Tests Series including 10 Tests Compilation of Previous Year Questions with Detailed Explanation We will be uploading all the resources on a regular basis till your prelims exam. To get the maximum benefi t of the initiative keep visiting the website. To receive all updates through notifi cation, subscribe: https://t.me/iasscore https://www.youtube.com/c/IASSCOREoffi cial/ https://www.facebook.com/gsscoreoffi cial https://www.instagram.com/gs.scoreoffi cial/ https://twitter.com/gsscoreoffi cial https://www.linkedin.com/company/gsscoreoffi cial/ Contents 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Holy Cross Fax: Worcester, MA 01610-2395 UNITED STATES
    NEH Application Cover Sheet Summer Seminars and Institutes PROJECT DIRECTOR Mr. Todd Thornton Lewis E-mail:[email protected] Professor of World Religions Phone(W): 508-793-3436 Box 139-A 425 Smith Hall Phone(H): College of the Holy Cross Fax: Worcester, MA 01610-2395 UNITED STATES Field of Expertise: Religion: Nonwestern Religion INSTITUTION College of the Holy Cross Worcester, MA UNITED STATES APPLICATION INFORMATION Title: Literatures, Religions, and Arts of the Himalayan Region Grant Period: From 10/2014 to 12/2015 Field of Project: Religion: Nonwestern Religion Description of Project: The Institute will be centered on the Himalayan region (Nepal, Kashmir, Tibet) and focus on the religions and cultures there that have been especially important in Asian history. Basic Hinduism and Buddhism will be reviewed and explored as found in the region, as will shamanism, the impact of Christianity and Islam. Major cultural expressions in art history, music, and literature will be featured, especially those showing important connections between South Asian and Chinese civilizations. Emerging literatures from Tibet and Nepal will be covered by noted authors. This inter-disciplinary Institute will end with a survey of the modern ecological and political problems facing the peoples of the region. Institute workshops will survey K-12 classroom resources; all teachers will develop their own curriculum plans and learn web page design. These resources, along with scholar presentations, will be published on the web and made available for teachers worldwide. BUDGET Outright Request $199,380.00 Cost Sharing Matching Request Total Budget $199,380.00 Total NEH $199,380.00 GRANT ADMINISTRATOR Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • Himalayan 38 Title Page.Pmd
    The Himalayan Review 38 (2007) 1-12 Harka Gurung’s Contribution in Nepal Geographical Society and Its Publications Padma Chandra Poudel, Ph.D. [email protected] Background Nepal Geographical Society (NGS) established in 1961, is the oldest organization of Nepalese Geographers. It is devoted to promote geographic research, education and disseminate contemporary geographic ideas to the society through research, discussion, lecture, conferences, exhibitions and publication of books and journals. In the ad-hoc executive committee of seven members formed in 1962 under the Presidentship of Mr. Ram Krishna Shrestha, Harka Gurung served as member after his return from UK. Gurung was elected as secretary in the executive committee of NGS formed for the term of two years (1966-1968). In the succeeding executive committees of 1968-1970 and 1970- 1972, Gurung served as secretary. As president, Harka Gurung served the society from 1986-1990. He was a life member of the society. Now, NGS is 39 years old and 17th executive committee of nine members is at work. Gurung lead the society only one term as president and two terms as secretary. However, Dr. Gurung’s role, guidance, aspiration and articles published in different theme and type during different responsibility of job and status in governmental and non-governmental organizations have been appreciable in the society from its birth. The Himalayan Review Nepal Geographical Society began the publication of its journal “The Himalayan Review” from 1968, when Harka Gurung was the secretary. Since then the society is regularly publishing its journal The Himalayan Review. From the initial issue, Gurung served as member of the editorial board, continuously up to the volume V.
    [Show full text]
  • The Geographical Journal of Nepal
    Volume 10 March 2017 JOURNAL OF NEPAL THE GEOGRAPHICAL Volume 10 March 2017 THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL OF NEPAL THE GEOGRAPHICAL In this issue: Are doomsday scenarios best seen as failed predictions or political detonators? The case of the ‘Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation’ Tor H Aase JOURNAL OF NEPAL Revisit to functional classification of towns in Nepal Chandra Bahadur Shrestha, and Shiba Prasad Rijal Development of a decision support model for optimization of tour time to visit tourist destination points in a city Jagat Kumar Shrestha Myth and reality of the eco-crisis in Nepal Himalaya Hriday Lal Koirala Firewood management practice by hoteliers and non-hoteliers in Langtang valley, Nepal Himalayas Prem Sagar Chapagain Livelihood and coping strategies among urban poor people in post-conflict period: Case of the Kathmandu, Nepal Kedar Dahal Tourism development and economic and socio-cultural consequences in Everest Region Dhyanendra Bahadur Rai Biodiversity resources and livelihoods: A case from Lamabagar Village Development Committee, Dolakha District, Nepal Uttam Sagar Shrestha Humanistic Geography: How it blends with human geography through methodology Volume 10 March 2017 Volume Kanhaiya Sapkota Gender development perspective: A contemporary review in global and Nepalese context Balkrishna Baral The contested common pool resource: Ground water use in urban Kathmandu, Nepal Shobha Shrestha Park-people interaction - Its impact on livelihood and adaptive measures: A case study of Shivapur VDC, Bardiya District, Nepal Narayan
    [Show full text]