ISSN 2372-2517 (Online), ISSN 2372-2479 (Print) METALEPTEAMETALEPTEA THE NEWSLETTER OF THE ORTHOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY

* Table of Contents is now clickable, which will President’s Message take you to a desired page. By ALEXANDRE V. LATCHININSKY President [1] PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE [email protected] [2] SOCIETY NEWS ear Society members! [2] Recap of the 12th ICO “ in a Changing World” by MICHAEL SAMWAYS Happy new 2017! [6] The Orthopterists’ Society Awards presented at ICO2016 by ALEXANDRE V. Best New Year wishes LATCHININSKY [8] Post Conference Tour by MICHEL LECOQ from the snowy and cold [13] Letter of Gratitude by MARCOS LHANO DD Wyoming, where re- [14] The T. J. Cohn Research Fund: Call for applications for 2017 by MICHEL LECOQ cently the night temperatures dropped [15] Job Opportunity at Arizona State to -32°C! It always amazed me how University orthopterans and other over- [16] Introducing Gerlind Lehmann as the new Representative for Western Europe by winter in such extreme conditions. GERLIND LEHMANN , for example, developed [16] Taller regional de manejo de la langos- a unique adaptation – an egg-pod, in ta centroamericana, Schistocerca piceifrons by HOJUN SONG & MARIO A. POOT PECH which the embryos are well-protected excellent opportunities to learn about [18] Orthopteroid Symposium Recap from by sturdy walls resisting extreme fluc- ICE, 2016 by DEREK A. WOLLER & ALEXAN- ongoing research and exchange ideas. tuations in surrounding conditions for DRE V. LATCHININSKY The choice of the Congress’s venue [25] Update on Journal of Orthoptera many months in a row. But even more Research by CORINNA S. BAZELET was excellent – right on the beach, so amazing and incredible is that some [26] T.J. COHN GRANT REPORTS an afternoon swim became manda- [26] Taxonomic revision of the Neotropi- species spend long winter tory for many participants. Food was cal grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium months as nymphs! Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera; Pyrgomor- great, the gala dinners were entertain- Anyway, looking out of my window phidae) by SALOMÓN SANABRIA-URBÁN ing, and the post-conference tour was [28] Ring speciation and evolutionary his- makes me dream about the sunny wonderful. You’ll find more informa- tory of the genus Lluciapomaresius Barat, Brazil where our Society held its 12th 2012 (Orthoptera: ) by JORGE tion about the Congress activities in International Congress of Orthopterol- GUTIERREZ RODRIGUEZ this issue of Metaleptea. [30] OSF GRANT REPORTS ogy a couple of months ago. Kudos to [30] Illustrating Neotropical Acridoidea During the Board meeting, the cur- the Congress organizers, Prof. Marcos species with emphasis on Romaleinae in Or- rent state and future directions of the thoptera Species File by MARTINA E. POCCO Lhano and his team, who worked Society were discussed. The finan- [32] CONTRIBUTED ARTICLES really hard and made this Congress [32] Recent advances in the management of cial situation of the Society is quite a great success. The meeting was locusts and grasshoppers in China by DAVID solid, thanks to the generous bequest HUNTER smaller than the previous one in Kun- of its former President, Ted Cohn, [33] The lost birthday: Archival research ming, but some participants consid- reveals the true date of birth of Sir Boris and wise assets management by the ered this as a positive feature allowing Uvarov, K. C. M. G., F. R. S. by ALEXEI KOU- Treasurer, Pamm Mihm. One of the PRIANOV & ANASTASIA A. FEDOTOVA for more fruitful discussions among [36] Can we help Orthoptera most urgent goals is to increase the colleagues and new collaborations to in the tropics? by HUGH ROWELL status of our main outlet, the Journal [37] REPORT FOR 2016 OS BOARD ON be created. As always, the Congress of Orthoptera Research (JOR), and MEMBERSHIP offered a plethora of talks on a very [38] REPORT FOR 2016 OS BOARD ON make it an impact-factor publication. wide array of Orthoptera-related sub- INVESTMENTS AND EARNINGS The JOR Editor, Dr. Corey Bazelet, [40] TREASURER’S REPORT jects, from taxonomy and evolution presented her vision of the measures [41] EDITORIAL to ecology, behavior, and biological to reach this goal. One of the most control of orthopteran pests. Poster important steps in this direction is to sessions and coffee breaks provided Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 1 METALEPTEA ensure regularity in JOR publication, Orthoptera-related manuscripts. The currently considering possible venues, which is currently issued twice a year. next issue will appear in June 2017. one of them being Agadir in Morocco. By the way, just a few weeks ago, Several Society prizes were More information on the subject will the next (Vol. 25(2)) JOR issue was awarded during the Congress. (see follow in the coming months. printed. I am using this opportunity “Awards”). Warmest congratulations Once again, I would like to wish all to urge Society members to consider to all Society awardees! Society members and their families publishing in JOR, which offers a fast As for the 13th Orthopterology peace, great health, prosperity, and a and competent peer-review of any Congress, the congress committee is fruitful 2017 year!

Recap The 12th International Congress of Orthopterology “Orthoptera in a Changing World” (October 30 - November 3, 2016, Ilhéus, Brazil) ow, what a superb Francisco de Assis G de Mello (São By MICHAEL SAMWAYS Past President congress it was! Paulo State University, Brazil) on the [email protected] The tenor was set evolution of orthopterology in South by the driver of America. This was a fascinating talk the event, Mar- that did fine justice to development of WW cos Lhano with the field on the continent, one so rich an excellent team, making everyone in so many species in a whole range so welcome at the stunning venue. of ecosystems. Then, Hojun Song The whole atmosphere throughout (Texas A&M University, USA) gave the congress was so scintillating and a superbly presented overview of inspiring, not to mention the real fun Orthoptera systematics from its roots, events and the most divine cuisine! through today and into the future. Throughout the congress the at- This had fundamental appeal to every- mosphere was incredibly interactive, one, as phylogeny underpins so much with many excellent debates from of what we all do, irrespective of our plenary, focused on the biodiversity many angles and many parts of the fields. Thomas Fartmann (University and landscape ecology of Orthoptera. world. The first plenary was from of Osnabrück, Germany), for his Many new ideas and strategies for

Group photo of the participants of ICO 2016 Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 2 METALEPTEA conservation were given, based on the fine research done by him and his colleagues and students across the German landscape. This gener- ated much discussion and gave the opportunity for comparison of find- ings from different parts of the world. Marie-Pierre Chapuis (CIRAD-BIOS, France) gave a penetrating overview of the new methods available for assessment of grasshopper popula- tion genetics. This approach has now become so important across a whole range of studies, whether applied or for conservation. The final plenary lecture by Long Zhang (China Agri- Brazilian orthopterists singing at Nations Party cultural University, China) was de- livered by David Hunter (Australia). symposium organized by Hojun Song new information technologies and It was an intriguing exposition of the and Ricardo Mariño-Pérez on current hotspot identification. Corey Baze- great advances that have been made in orthopteran systematics focused on let’s (Stellenbosch University, South China using environmentally-friendly some intriguing new methodologies, Africa) symposium of ecology and technology for locust control. It was approaches and perspectives. This conservation emphasized some of the so interesting to see just how much was then followed by Martina Pocco’s great advances that have been made in has been done in China in this very session on systematics and taxonomy, the field in various parts of the world. important new field. focusing particularly on nuclear We even heard about the ‘honorary’ There was also a fascinating series aspects. Axel Hochkirch (Trier Uni- orthopterans in Russian rivers! There of symposia, themed sessions, and versity, Germany, and Chair of the was also a symposium organized by workshops. Maria Marta Cigliano and IUCN/SSC Grasshopper Specialist Alex Latchininsky (University of Holger Braun (Museo de la Plata, Ar- Group (GSG)) then gave us an update Wyoming, USA) on the challenges of gentina) gave feedback on the Orthop- on the processes and procedures for meeting efficacy, economics, and en- tera Species File, an amazing database placing Orthoptera on the IUCN Red vironment all at the same time when that covers details of what is known List, with the latest on the great ad- controlling locusts. This means good of all described species to date. It vances made by the very active GSG. surveillance, using the right options is being continually updated and is Then, in the conservation symposium for control, in the right way, at the a very valuable resource for many we heard about not only advances right time. workers throughout the world. The in some Red List activities but also There were three workshops, one on new generation sequencing methods (organized by Ioana Chintauan- Marquier of CNRS MNHN, France), one on recording and signal process- ing of orthopteran songs (organized by Thorin Jonsson and Fernando Montealegre Zapata of University of Lincoln, UK), and one on the use of the statistical package R (organized by Carlos Sperber, Federal University of Viçosa). There was then a sympo- sium on morphology, molecules and evolution in Orthoptera (organized by Laure Desutter-Grandcolas, Lauriane Jacquelin and Ioana Chintauan-Mar- quier) covering some of the advances around these penetrating new tech- Organizers and volunteers of ICO2016 nologies. Raysa Martins Lima then Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 3 METALEPTEA chaired a session on integrated pest management of grasshoppers and lo- custs with updates on the plague situ- ations in several parts of the world. Battal Ҫiplak and Sarp Kaya (Akdeniz University, Turkey) had a symposium on phylogeography and speciation, with some interesting updates from various parts of the world. Many or- thopteran species are highly commu- nicative using sound and/or vibration and this led to a symposium organized by Fernando Montealegre-Zapata on acoustic and vibrational communica- tion from many different perspectives, while we also got an update on the details of the orthopteran ear through the use of very sophisticated new technologies. Poster session at ICO2016 We also had a session on phylo- geography and speciation (chaired by Beata Grzywacz) and on behav- iour and communication (chaired by Ricardo Mariño-Pérez) with various new perspectives. Finally, and fitting, was a session on Brazilian orthopter- ology organized by Carlos Sperber and Pedro Souza-Dias, which was fascinating for the international audi- ence. All in all, this was a very wide rang- ing congress with ample opportunity to catch up on all the latest trends in the field, and opportunity to listen to One of the scientific sessions at ICO2016 areas of expertise that are not neces- sarily one’s familiar zone. In total, we had 91 attendants from 25 countries, and 88 presented abstracts. Then, of course, there was the exchange of ideas over coffee, and to acquaint again with old friends and to meet new ones. Yes, what a great congress!

*Please check out more pictures taken during ICO2016 at www.flickr.com/ photos/ico2016/albums.

Break between scientific sessions at ICO2016 Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 4 METALEPTEA

Hat ceremony, passing of presidency from Past President Samways to Current President Latchininsky A lively discussion during OSF workshop at ICO2016

Participants of locust symposium at ICO2016

Doug Whitman and his wife, representing the U.S.A. during the Nations Party

Traditional Brazilian dancers celebrating Mar- tina Pocco’s birthday Orthopterists representing Latin America at ICO2016

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 5 METALEPTEA The Orthopterists’ Society Awards presented at ICO2016 By ALEXANDRE V. LATCHININSKY President [email protected] .C.F. Rentz Award for the advancement of orthopterology, career has focused on investigating Life-time Dedication and his indefatigable service to the the systematics and acoustic behavior to Orthopterology is discipline can be evidenced by count- of the crickets and katydids of east- intended to recognize less young scientists he has mentored ern North America. Although he was outstanding contribu- over the years, as well as his active not the first to use the songs of these DD tions to Orthoptera engagement and collaboration with insects as windows into their true di- research, particularly the work of other orthopterists that share his versity, he played an essential role in retired or Emeritus orthopterologists passion for the songs of crickets and moving this approach into the modern who have devoted their entire life to katydids. Glenn dedicated many years era and, in his characteristic way, ap- the study of Orthoptera. In 2016, this of service to the Orthopterists’ Society plying it thoroughly and systematical- prize was awarded to two eminent as editor of the Journal of Orthoptera ly. He has published over 150 papers orthopterologists: Glenn Morris and Research, which he successfully man- and has made many other important Thomas Walker. aged since Volume 8 in 1999 through contributions in his career as well. Volume 21 in 2012. During all these For decades, Tom taught numerous Glenn Morris holds a Ph.D. degree years Glenn not only attracted great entomological and ecological courses from Cornell (1967). He worked at papers but also worked tirelessly on at the University of Florida. Tom is the University of Toronto beginning carefully editing manuscript texts a great mentor, and his numerous from 1967; currently he is Profes- from orthopterists, many of which students characterize their interactions sor Emeritus at this university (since were non-native English speakers with him as engaging, inspiring, and 2004). Over six decades of research around the world. Overall, Glenn’s stimulating. His life-long career uni- and scholarly publication, Glenn has career as an orthopterologist may be fies breadth of knowledge, biological achieved international prominence for characterized as influential and inspi- insight, and a commitment to public his work on communication systems rational. education. in the Orthoptera. His work has been One of his great achievements in very influential and he has published Thomas J. Walker received his advancing orthopterology is his com- over 50 papers in such prestigious Ph.D. degree in 1957 from Ohio State mitment to share his knowledge and outlets as Science, Behaviour, University. For over three decades he love of Orthoptera with the general Journal of Experimental Biology, and worked as professor at the University public. Tom initiated and developed the Journal of Comparative Physiol- of Florida; since 2001 he is Professor Singing Insects of North America ogy, just to name a few. Emeritus at this university. (SINA), a unique website that enables Glenn’s lifetime commitment to Tom’s research throughout his almost anyone to identify species of North American crickets, katydids, and cicadas. The well-done keys on SINA are helpful in learning the char- acters used to distinguish the subfamilies and genera of many katydids and crickets. Not only is SINA an amaz- ingly easy-to-use website, it was only possible because of Tom’s decades of work that produced the detailed recordings, range maps, and text. His effort to digitize countless old publications Glenn K. Morris (left) and Thomas J. Walker (right) and make them accessible to Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 6 METALEPTEA anyone deserves particular recogni- Besides promoting the biological Ricardo Mariño-Pérez is a Ph.D. tion. control of locusts and grasshoppers, Candidate at Texas A&M University. David has made important contribu- Ricardo received his M.S. degree The Sir Boris Uvarov Award in tions to pioneering remote sensing ap- from Universidad Nacional Autónoma Applied Acridology is a recognition proaches to locust monitoring as early de México in 2009. He has already of important accomplishments in the as in 1983. He has made important published almost 20 peer-reviewed domain of study and practical man- insights into the population dynam- articles and book chapters; he co-au- agement of important acridid pests ics and origins of locust plagues in thored a well-illustrated Field Guide – locust and grasshoppers. In 2016, it Argentina, developed IPM in locust to “Grasshoppers, Locusts, Crickets went to the Society’s Executive Direc- control in Australia, and advocated and Katydids of Mexico.” Ricardo is tor, David M. Hunter. preventive strategy as the most viable one of the rising stars in Orthoptera David holds a Ph.D. from the one to control desert locusts in Africa. taxonomy, specializing in a fascinat- University of Queensland, Brisbane The results of his work have been ing grasshopper family Pyrgomorphi- (1976). Between 1977 and 2004, published in more than 60 papers in dae as well as the orthopteran fauna he was employed by the Australian scientific journals. of Mexico in general. Over the past Plague Locust Commission (APLC) Currently, David plays an amazing three years, he has visited 13 muse- as an Entomologist to conduct re- role as Executive Director of the OS. ums in 10 countries with a high- reso- search on aspects of locust biology He has really helped consolidate the lution imaging system to photograph and ecology important in improving OS into a truly workable, interna- type images of various pyrgomorph our ability to forecast, locate, and tional society; furthermore, he is the species, which were later uploaded to treat locust outbreaks. David’s role in Society’s President-Elect. the OSF website. As a result, he has the APLC developing a program of single-handedly increased the number “preventive control” is crucial, par- The Ted Cohn Award for Excellence of available type images many folds, ticularly in introducing a biological as a Young Professional Orthopter- which is a major taxonomic achieve- control component in locust manage- ist is for young professionals, aged ment by itself. According to his major ment. He led “Green Team” that used 35 or less, who are at the last stage advisor Hojun Song, “Ricardo will the fungus Metarhizium acridum to of dissertation, or doing a postdoc, lead a way in rejuvenating orthopteran treat locusts in environmentally-sen- or even early-stage research, or other taxonomic expertise.” sitive areas. Over the next 15 years, relevant professional position. These David was involved in trials with prizes are new for the Society and Martina Eugenia Pocco received Metarhizium and in training courses were awarded for the first time at the her Ph.D. degree from Universidad in Mexico (2000-2007), China (2002- 12th ICO at Ilheus. The first awardees Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) in 2009), Uzbekistan (2010-12), and are Ricardo Mariño-Pérez and Mar- Argentina in 2014 under the guidance Georgia (2010-12). tina Eugenia Pocco. of Maria Marta Cigliano and Carlos Lange. Her disserta- tion was devoted to taxonomy, biogeog- raphy, and evolution of Neotropical Ro- maleids. Amazingly, during her research trips, she found and described several new species, which is quite unusual for such a well-studied group. Martina has already published a dozen ref- ereed articles and book chapters. Since 2015, she has worked as an Assistant Researcher David Hunter receiving the Uvarov Award (left) and Ricardo Mariño-Pérez and Martina Pocco receiving the Ted Cohn at CONICET (Consejo Award (right) Nacional de Investiga- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 7 METALEPTEA ciones Científicas y Tecnológicas) of X1x2Y Sex chromosome system in change on Orthoptera in Montane Argentina. Martina is a passionate Tettigoniidae grasslands and devoted orthopterist. Beside the Romaleids, she has vast experience in Second Place: Haithem Tlili Second Place: Natalya Baturina melanoplines. Currently, her research Taxonomic study of locusts (Orthop- The stoneflies (Plecoptera) assem- focuses on such biological traits as tera, ) in the regions of Kas- blages in the mountain rivers of South aposematic coloration and gregarious serine, Gafsa and Tozeur in Tunisia Siberia: diversity and altitudinal behavior in romaleids. She also col- distribution laborates with Hojun Song on studies Third Place: Pamela de Jesus Con- of phenotypic plasticity of the South ceiçao Second Place: Vanessa Couldridge American locust Schistocerca cancel- Susceptibility of nymphs and Morphological, acoustic and genetic lata, which has recently had a major adults Cornops frenatum frenatum divergence in the bladder grasshopper outbreak in Argentina. (Marschall, 1836) (Orthoptera: Acri- Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758) didae; Leptysminae) to fungi Beauve- BEST POSTER PRESENTATION ria bassiana - lineage CG1303 12th ICO Awards to recognize scien- tists who contributed to Brazilian First Place: Juliana Chamorro-Ren- BEST ORAL PRESENTATION Orthopterology: gifo Carlos S. Carbonell, Daniel Otte, Mi- Karny, 1907 First Place: Franz Löffler chel Lecoq, Maria Marta Cigliano and (: Copiphorini): High Survival in a changing environment Laure Desutter-Grandcolas chromosome diversity and a rare – effects of Land-use and climate

Post Conference Tour (5th to 13th November, 2016) By MICHEL LECOQ [email protected] hat a tour! But gress had taken place - and a long bus in the interior of Bahia. A true epic what a tour! Fol- day allowed us to discover part of the of the life of the sertanejos in their lowing the excel- diversity of plant formations within daily struggle for survival in this very lent 12th interna- the Bahia State. We thus progressively difficult region to cultivate, where tional congress moved from the Atlantic forest zone social relations are particularly harsh WW of our Society in (mata Atlântica) bordering the coast and inequalities more glaring than Ilheus, Brazil, on the 5th of November (and where the cocoa plantations are), elsewhere. in the morning, a group of 13 privi- to enter the caatinga zone, the thorny Along the way, we had lunch at leged people embarked for a photo- bush vegetation graphic tour through the Bahia State. so characteristic The tour had been concocted by our of the semi- organizer, Marcos Llano. The group arid sertão of comprised some veterans, to whom the interior. This I belonged, and some young Ph.D. area, known in students and young scientists, thus Brazil as the adding a mix of generations to that of “drought poly- nationalities: German, Argentinian, gon”, was very Australian, Hungarian, American, and well-described even - last but not least - French. Our by Euclides da first destination was the Chapada Dia- Cunha in his mantina, a vast mountain range in the famous novel Os heart of the state of Bahia, about 500 Sertões dealing km from Ilheus, our starting point. with the war of To reach this area, we left the hotel the Canudos in Praia do Sol in Ilheus - where the con- the 19th century, Lençois (Chapada Diamantina) Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 8 METALEPTEA Amargosa, a narrow streets and let ourselves be small town of the carried away by the softness of the interior, in the colorful dwellings, vestiges of a time restaurant Outros when the rich merchants had made the Sabores. In the city a stronghold of the diamond trade dining room we in the region. could admire a The Chapada Diamantina derives magnificent bust its name from the exploitation of of Gabriella, diamond mines, mainly during the famous heroine 17th century, but also at the beginning of the eponymous of the 20th. At an average altitude of novel of Georges between 800 and 1,200 meters, the re- Amado, one of the gion includes a national park of more greatest Brazil- than 150,000 hectares. The savanna ian writers, born vegetation in the valleys is replaced A small street of Lençois and its old colorful houses (Chapada Diaman- in Itabuna, not on the rocky slopes and mountain tina) far from Ilheus. peaks by the campo rupestre, low The colleagues and open vegetation, rich in orchids, who had a small bromeliads, and cacti. Forest occupies tour of Ilheus the deep valleys with clay soils. The must have real- landscapes are sublime. We stayed in ized that Georges Lençois from 5 to 8 November. The and Gabriella are area is ideal for hiking: waterfalls, omnipresent in caves, rivers, sculpted mountains, the city. But let´s and villages typical of the colonial come back to our era. The stay was very well-occupied: photographic tour. relaxing, walking, breathing clean air, We arrived quite and admiration of the scenery being late at Lençois, the main options, and we took full in the heart of the advantage. Chapada Diaman- Hikes in the area allowed us to tina, a small town admire various caves, including those of about 10,000 of Lapa Doce, a limestone cave where At the top of the Morro do Pai Inácio (Chapada Diamantina) people, with we could admire the many concre- its old typical tions, stalactites and stalagmites with colonial houses strange and beautiful shapes and col- of the 19th cen- ors. This cave, of more than 23 km, is tury. Our hotel, considered the third largest in Brazil. Vila Serrano, was And what about the caves of Prat- a comfortable inha and the Blue Cave (Cave Azul) pousada of charm, sheltering lakes with magnificent ideally located in turquoise and crystalline waters? a wooded park In the immediate vicinity of Len- not far from the çois, a walk along an old mining trail city center. At going up the Serrano River, allowed night, Lençois us to visit a former gold and diamond came alive, the mine. It even seems that one of us - shops lit up, and emulate of local garimpeiros (a pros- the terraces are pector) - found, in the Serrano River, filled with ama- a tiny sample of one of these precious teurs of cachaça stones! But it is not certain that its Valley of the Rio Mucugezinho, in the Chapada Diamantina and caïpirinhas. sale would have bought a round of It was good to caïpirinhas for the whole group. stroll through the Another excursion took us down the Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 9 METALEPTEA

Turquoise waters near the Blue Cave (Chapada Diamantina) Canoe ride in the pantanal of Marimbus (Chapada Diamantina) valley of the Rio Mucugezinho and noe ride in the middle of nice aquatic conglomerates. We arrived shortly led us, after a few hundred meters, to vegetation, with pure water reflecting before night to the hotel Pousada de the Poço do Diabo (the Well of the the sunny sky and only a few clouds... Mucugê, an old house of the 19th cen- Devil), with its blackish waters ... And there, while some of us bathed tury, well-preserved and with colonial which did not prevent most of us from once more, others made a discovery: charm. bathing. In fact, the possibilities of on the only shrub in the area, quiet The next day, November 9, after swimming were varied in the numer- on the trunk, a female of the usual pantagruelic breakfast, we ous small rivers of the region. These collaris Stoll, 1813 (), made a long journey to Salvador de rivers have crystal clear turquoise a magnificent - undoubtedly Bahia, about 450 km away. But before water near their spring, but become one of the largest Orthoptera - who leaving, we devoted a few moments deep black further downstream, due to allowed herself to be manipulated and to visit the Byzantine cemetery Santa a high concentration of organic veg- photographed at leisure. After lunch, Izabel, THE monument of the city, etable matter. These rivers deeply cut the afternoon was devoted to the visit built in 1855 after a cholera epidemic, old sedimentary formations composed of the Sempre of numerous layers of sandstone, con- Viva project, glomerates, limestones... Results of dedicated to the this erosion are an impressive tabular protection of a relief and spectacular landscapes. We variety of Im- also climbed the Morro do Pai Inácio mortelle flow- - the “postcard” of the Chapada - ers, endemic to from the top of which one can admire, Mucugê and its in 360°, a sublime landscape where region (these the alignments of huge and impres- flowers, sold sive rock tables resisting the process to excess in the of erosion reflect the geological past last century, of the region. The Pai Inacio, which are now almost culminates at 1,120 m, is the site of a extinct). There, legend, that of a slave in love with a a small hike in farmer´s daughter who threw himself caatinga veg- from the top of the mountain. A cross etation led us to at the top was erected in his memory. the Rio Santo After the Lençois region, our bus Antonio, its took us to the small town of Mucugê. waterfalls, its On the way we stopped in Marim- blackish-yellow bus to visit a zone of pantanal, an waters and its exceptional wetland in this semi-arid gorges carved A famous Romaleidae grasshopper: Tropidacris collaris Stoll, 1813 (Panta- environment. We made a pleasant ca- deeply into pink nal of Marimbus, Bahia) Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 10 METALEPTEA and the only cemetery built in this knots in it, and style in the Americas. We also made make a vow a brief memorial stop, not far from for each of Mucugê, to a site largely-explored in them; when the the past by Carlos Carbonell and Rob- bracelet breaks erts who described many new species naturally, the of Orthoptera from this place. After vows will be lunch in Feira de Santana, we arrived realized. Out in Salvador a little before night and of the church went to the Hotel Portobello Ondina (with its Praia. Then, in the old historic center extraordinary of Salvador, a dinner show at the res- room of the taurant O Coliseu allowed us to have ex-votos), I a glimpse of the Bahianese culture: slipped into capoeira (an Afro-Brazilian martial one of the art), candomblé rituals, cangaceiros stalls of “bond- evoking the two charismatic figures ieuseries” The Byzantine cemetery Santa Izabel at Mucugê (Chapada Diamantina) of the Brazilian Nordeste that were located in the Lampião and Maria Bonita, and many vicinity and other aspects of the local culture. took advantage The next morning, after a visit to the (doubtless to military fort Santo Antonio da Barra, the despair we embarked upon a tour of the old of my wife), historical center of Salvador with the to complete famous Pelourinho district and its my collection colonial houses, narrow and cobbled of religious streets, and numerous churches, in- objects of cluding the church São Francisco and candomble its convent in the Baroque style, with and umbanda its many gildings and tiles (azuleijos). by buying two We passed through the Plaza da Se small statu- and the famous square of Largo do ettes, one from Pelourinho, we stopped in front of the Maria Conga no-less-famous Lacerda elevator, and and the other took the inclined plan Gonçalves con- from the Preto São Francisco church (Salvador de Bahia) necting the upper city with the lower Velho. city to visit the Mercado modelo, a On No- large handicraft center. The day end- vember 11, ed with a visit to the Senhor do Bon- our driver fim Church on the Sacred Hill, one took us along of the centers of the Catholic Faith the coast to in Brazil, dedicated to the Senhor do Praia do Forte Bonfim, patron of the Bahianese and to visit the symbol of the religious syncretism Tamar project, of Bahia. The grids surrounding the a project to church are entirely furnished with protect marine famous fitas de Bonfim, which are turtles, to have these small fabric bracelets in various a look at the colors. Each color is associated with ruins of the a special meaning as well as one of Garcia d’Avila the candomble divinities (the orixas), castle, the the Afro-Brazilian religion founded only medieval by the slaves. The ritual is to wrap castle built in Largo do cruzeiro de São Francisco (Salvador) the fita around your wrist, tie three Brazil... and, Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 11 METALEPTEA

Largo do Pelourinho (Salvador) Church of the Blessed Sacrament in Itaparica island (Salvador)

Garcia d’Avila castle, on the coast 70km North from Salvador Typical orchestra playing forro, popular music of Northeast Brazil (Salva- dor) of course, enjoy the beach. Finally, dance while, in spite of the waves, a to quote them all, I would like to on the last day of our journey, we Bahianese woman dressed in white mention some culinary specialties: embarked on a cruise in the Baía de lace, with her tray in her hand, con- the moqueca de camarão (with rice, Todos-os-Santos, the bay of all the tinued to offer passengers glasses of farofa, pirão, and feijão de corda), Saints. The first stop, after an hour fruit juice and caïpirinha. The arrival the fabulous rodízio de churrasco, the and a half on the boat, allowed us to at night in the port of Salvador was beijos de tapioca, and the acarajés, disembark at the Ilha dos Frades (Is- magical and was the highlight of our small donuts of bean flour cooked in land of the brothers), which owes its journey. We made a souvenir photo of dende oil, cut in two and filled with name to two Franciscan brothers, the the group on the steps of the hotel and dried shrimps, spiced mayonnaise and only survivors of a shipwreck near the the next day we had to get up early small pieces of tomato, often sold at island. We visited the small church, and leave by taxi to the airport where the edge of the streets by Bahianese enjoyed the beautiful beach and tasted our plane was waiting to take us back women wearing their magnificent the marvelous small skewers of queijo to France. white lace outfits. And what about ca- coalhado cheese of incomparable Everyone regretted having to leave ïpirinha, this cocktail of cachaça and flavor. A second stopover landed us each other and to leave a country so lime that became the official drink of on the neighboring island of Itaparica, endearing. I will long remember the the tour? Not to speak of this fantastic after which we returned to Salvador to trip, the warm and friendly atmo- restaurant in Salvador, that offered the sound of a typical orchestra drag- sphere, and this festival of gastrono- traditional cuisine from the sertão to ging many passengers into a frenzied my of the Nordeste. Without wishing the sound of a forro orchestra, popular

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 12 METALEPTEA Nordeste music, in just eight days, to offer us a sum- popularized by mary of what the Bahianese culture Luiz Gonzaga do and biodiversity can have best. Nascimento and Marcos, thank you for this jour- his famous song ney, which has largely contributed to Asa branca. make us live concretely what makes I think I know a the originality and the attraction of little about Brazil our Society, a society for science, but as I lived there for also for the passion and the friendship a number of years, through the generations and across especially in the the continents. Thank you, Marcos, Nordeste where I on behalf of all those who were lucky lived - in Petrolina, enough to have you as a companion Pernambuco - for on this wonderful journey. a year and a half in Our friendly host Marcos in a churrascaria, the traditional Brazilian- the years 1985- Um abraço forte, style steakhouse restaurant 86. I can say that Michel Lecoq Marcos managed, Letter of Gratitude By MARCOS LHANO President, ICO 2016 [email protected] n behalf of the Execu- to organize this meeting. I would also organization comprised of friends. For tive Committee, I want like to extend my sincere gratitude me, this became very clear during our to thank you for at- to the Orthopterists’ Society for their last meeting because the ICO had a tending the 12th Inter- generous collaboration. I’m proud to warm and friendly atmosphere among national Congress of take part in this society and I strongly the participants conducive for dis- OO Orthopterology (ICO) recommend that all scientists who cussion and networking. You were a which was held at Hotel Praia do Sol, study the order Orthoptera become a great group and your enthusiasm and Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil, from October member of the OS. It’s a real interna- positive spirit helped make our time 30th to November 03rd, 2016. I hope tional scientific organization com- together both productive and fun. that you found the ICO informative mitted to the increase and develop- I also owe much gratitude to the and worthwhile. The meeting was an ment of our field. Also, the OS is an Universidade Federal do Recôncavo overwhelming success, attracting 91 attendants from 25 countries, and 88 presented abstracts, which provided great interaction for the participants. There were many topics covered dur- ing the ICO and the presenters did an outstanding job of sharing their exper- tise with you. The overall theme for this ICO was “Orthoptera in a Chang- ing World”, which raised fundamental questions about the current state of knowledge of Orthoptera in different branches of science. I want to thank my organizing committee, both local and Orthopter- ists’ Society (OS) Committee, for their support and commitment to the overall success of the ICO. Without them, it would have been impossible Local organizing committee of ICO 2016

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 13 METALEPTEA da Bahia (UFRB) for supporting the tions were not sufficiently satisfied. nating from our group. Many thanks, conference in many direct and indi- Even in a globalized world full of and this trip will remain forever in my rect ways; to the GT5 Group for the technology, all of us are subject to hu- memories. professional excellence and high- man error and sometimes the commu- Now it is time to transition to the quality secretariat besides the dedica- nication does not happen in the time future and the next ICO that will be tion for our meeting and for working that we need and want. Thank you for planned by the OS. It promises to be very professionally in registering all your comments and suggestions after another exciting meeting with a wide participants, interacting with them on the meeting and I assure you that each variety of topics and another oppor- many details, and organizing many will be given consideration so that fu- tunity to make orthopterology even aspects of the conference; to the Hotel ture ICO meetings will be even more bigger. I am now available to channel Praia do Sol as the venue; and again of a success. I trust that you found my expertise from our last ICO to to the OS for selecting Brazil as the your involvement in the meeting both collaborate with the next Chairman venue and believing in my work and valuable and rewarding. Please check and Committee who will take on the my commitment to organize the ICO. the photo website https://www.flickr. wonderful experience of organizing I extend heartfelt thanks to you all for com/photos/ico2016/albums, so you the next meeting. granting me the honor of hosting the can enjoy and share the memories In conclusion, this ICO has meeting. Four years ago, you honored about the 12th ICO. achieved many successes. I would me by entrusting me with the respon- Additionally, I hope that you en- like to congratulate all of you on the sibility of chairing this conference. I joyed the social events, which were overall success of the meeting, and thank you for your trust, your support, designed to show you a little bit of without your support, the conference your generosity, your cooperation, Brazilian culture and to provide a nice would not have been the achievement and your flexibility which, without time to you to take advantage of the that it was. In this regard, I would like doubt, were of great help to me in dis- Brazilian atmosphere. For those who to extend sincerest congratulations to charging my duty as president of this joined the post-conference tour, many all awarded people during the ICO. ICO. In addition to being both an hon- thanks for the enjoyable time that Once again, I would like to convey or and a mission, it was also a great we spent together. For me, it was a my deepest appreciation for your con- experience in my scientific career, pleasure to organize the tour, to think tributions and wish you good health and I hope it contributed positively to about each detail, to select the places, and happiness in the years ahead until orthopterology and the scientific com- and, above all, make sure that you had the next ICO. If I can be of help in munity around the world. the experience to explore different bi- any way, or if you have questions, My apologies if something did not omes and cultures of Bahia, so it was please feel free to contact me. work well or some of your expecta- wonderful to see the happiness ema- The Theodore J. Cohn Research Fund: Call for applications for 2017 (Deadline : March 31, 2017) By MICHEL LECOQ Chair, Theodore J. Cohn Research Fund Committee ear Orthopterists, and it is possible to fund research because a majority of project propos- Once again, I have the grants for up to $1,500 per grantee. als came from that country. Germany pleasure to announce Last year, in 2016, 14 projects were comes second with only 4 grants. We a new call for applica- submitted to the Committee and 8 then have a dozen countries with only tions for The Theodore proposals funded. I’m sure, for this one or two grants each. Africa and DD J. Cohn Research call, we will receive, as usual, a lot of Asia are particularly poorly-represent- Fund. As you know, this research projects of high quality. However, I ed with 2 and 1 grants, respectively. grant is primarily to fund research would like to highlight an important I strongly encourage students and projects in Orthoptera (s.l.) by young point: in recent years, most grants young researchers from these con- researchers, often as part of a masters have been awarded to students from tinents to apply and I hope that our or Ph.D. project, though Post doc- U.S. universities (27 of 44 in the past regional representatives can relay my torates may also be funded. A total 5 years). The main reason for the call to arouse more project applica- amount of $15K per year is available dominance of American universities is tions from these countries. It is not

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 14 METALEPTEA BUDGET (half page) including justification of items where appropri- ate (i.e. why special equipment is necessary unless clearly obvious), other funding for the project, etc. Overheads cannot be provided for on Society grants.

The Committee prefers proposals applicable to broad biological prob- lems, even though the actual research may be narrower in scope. Proposals also should include clearly stated hy- potheses and aims, and the nature of the evidence to be gathered to test the hypothesi(e)s and possible outcomes. But taxonomic projects may also be funded, particularly coming from normal that so few requests come to expected contribution to theory, rela- African countries (see Hugh Rowell us from Asia where many research- tion to previous work, etc. (applicants article in this issue). ers work on Orthoptera, and from should emphasize the nature and sig- Proposals from graduate students Africa with its numerous locust and nificance of their proposal to provide must include a simple recommenda- grasshopper problems and its rich the judges with the basis for weighing tion from their major professor or Orthoptera fauna. The committee will different projects, especially in fields advisor. Those not affiliated with an consider all requests with the same outside their expertise) educational or research institution attention and benevolence. The qual- should indicate where the work is to ity of English will not be a criterion 3. RESEARCH PLAN, including the be done. and we are ready, at the level of the particular orthopterans to be studied, A short report will be required from Committee, to help the students of methods, logistics, etc. the successful applicants. It will be these countries to better formulate written for our newsletter, Metaleptea, their projects in English, if necessary. 4. TIMETABLE, even if approxi- and be suitable for both orthopterist In the end, the intrinsic quality and mate, to give the judges some idea of and non-specialist readers. originality of the research project will feasibility. be the only criteria. Proposals should be submitted to CURRICULUM VITAE (half page) the Chair at the following address: DESCRIPTION (one page) including name, full address, pres- Michel Lecoq, e-mail : mlecoq34@ ent position or years in graduate gmail.com 1. TITLE school, education, number of papers published or completed, citation of Start writing! 2. SIGNIFICANCE, stressing the selected publications pertinent to the new ideas and aspects of the proposal, proposal to aid the judges. Job Opportunity at Arizona State University Program Manager, help researchers, international agencies, the GLI. Works independently to ensure Global Locust Initiative government organizations, agribusiness- that various tasks to meet the goals and es, and farming communities address and objectives of the GLI are accomplished ASU Wrigley Institute mitigate the effects of locust plagues and in accordance with priorities, time Tempe, Arizona, United States outbreaks. limitations, funding limitations, or other Apply by 3 February 2017 specifications. The GLI program manager works closely The Global Locust Initiative (GLI), a new and collaboratively with project principal Please apply at: https://www.devex.com/ research and action program at Arizona investigators (PIs) in coordinating and jobs/by_permalink/program-manager- State University, is designed as a unit to directing the activities and functions of global-locust-initiative-469922 Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 15 METALEPTEA Introducing Gerlind Lehmann as the new Representative for Western Europe By GERLIND LEHMANN Humboldt University Berlin [email protected] s the new Representa- returning to Germany I worked at the My first meet- tive for Western Europe, Natural History Museum and the Free ing in my new following Fernando University Berlin. I then changed to function was Montealegre, I am Humboldt University Berlin as a visit- at the recent happy to support the ing Professor, and have worked here International AA Society in my new since 2012 as a senior lecturer. My Congress on capacity. The Society has officially research topics are: sexual selection, Orthopterology appointed Regional Representatives nuptial gifts, and mate choice, as well in Brazil where around the world, which serve as as genitalia evolution, morphology, we discussed ambassadors for their geographical and taxonomy of bushcrickets and the duty to region. I studied Zoology, Ecology, grasshoppers. increase the Society’s visibility. I will and Botany in Berlin and Braunsch- As your new Western Europe try my best to do so in the Societies, weig, Germany and went to Erlangen Representative, please always feel of which I am a member, includ- for my Ph.D., starting my research free to contact me and do pass on any ing the German Zoological Society on bushcrickets under the supervi- interesting orthopterological news on (DZG) and the German Society for sion of Klaus-Gerhard Heller. Dur- species, behaviour, field trips, and so general and applied Entomology ing my postdoc at the University of on. Also, if you have any queries in (DGaaE). As a first step, I wrote a Western Australia, Perth, I continued regards to membership or functioning short report on the Congress in Brazil my research on Evolutionary Biol- of the Society, I would love to be your for the newsletter of the DGaaE. ogy, especially mate choice. Upon first stop for questions.

Taller regional de manejo de la langosta centroamericana, Schistocerca piceifrons By HOJUN SONG Texas A&M University, USA [email protected] MARIO ANTONIO POOT PECH Comite Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal de Yucatan, Mexico [email protected] he Central American high precipitation) locust, Schistocerca pi- has created favor- ceifrons, is the most dev- able environmental astating locust species in conditions that have Central America. Like led to the increase TT its congeneric species, in locust population S. gregaria, this species has been af- density throughout fecting the people of Central America the species distribu- for millennia and is vividly recorded tion. Notably, in in Mayan literature. This species has 2016, there was a a permanent gregarious zone in the massive outbreak in Yucatan peninsula in Mexico, and it El Salvador, where is actively managed by local and state locust outbreaks agencies throughout Mexico. In recent have been infre- years, it is believed that a series of “El quent. In response cooperation between Mexico and El Niño” events (drought followed by to these locust upsurges, a technical Salvador was established and a re- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 16 METALEPTEA

gional locust management workshop de Sanidad Vegetal de Yucatan). The place in the heart of the permanent was organized to provide a broad overall workshop was organized gregarious zone in the municipality overview of the biology, control, and by Dr. Mario Antonio Poot Pech at of Buctzotz. This all-day demonstra- management of the Central American CESVY. tion included various booths focused Locust, which took place in Merida, Day 1 of this 4-day workshop con- on sampling, identification, indicator Mexico on December 6-9, 2016. sisted of scientific presentations on plants, biological control, chemi- This workshop also functioned as a cultural history, biology and ecology, cal and mechanical control, as well meeting for the OIRSA (Organismo phase theory, ecological sampling as drone-based surveys. The last Internacional Regional de Sanidad methods, microhabitat structures, the day specifically focused on equip- Agropecuaria), which was originally potential use of drones in locust con- ping OIRSA members with tools and established in 1947 as an international trol, remote sensing, epidemiology, as management plans to deal with future anti-locust organization focusing on well as locust and grasshopper control locust outbreaks. This OIRSA work- Central America called the CICLA efforts in Mexico and neighboring shop was a truly international event (Comité Internacional Contra la countries. On day 2, there were more with participants from Mexico, Guate- Langosta). This event was financed scientific presentations on the use of mala, El Salvador, Belize, Honduras, by OIRSA and also co-sponsored chemical and biological pesticides and Nicaragua and the U.S. It was a great by Mexican government agencies, theoretical advances in preventative opportunity to enlarge the network of including SAGARPA (Secretaría de locust management. In the afternoon, scientists, government officials, and Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo there were hands-on demonstrations locust field officers. Finally, important Rural, Pesca y Alimentación), SENA- on grasshopper and locust identifica- agreements were made to investigate SICA (Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, tion, identification of natural enemies, different aspects of locust and man- Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimen- and the use of fungal pesticides. Day agement of outbreaks. taria), and CESVY (Comite Estatal 3 was a field demonstration that took

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 17 METALEPTEA Orthopteroid Symposium Recap from ICE, 2016 By DEREK A. WOLLER USDA: APHIS, PPQ, CPHST - Phoenix Lab, AZ, USA [email protected] ALEXANDRE V. LATCHININSKY University of Wyoming, USA [email protected] or the third year in a row, (+Isoptera), Dermaptera, Embiidina, Douglas Smith, David Robinson, there was an orthopteroid Grylloblattodea, Mantodea, Manto- Mario Antonio Poot Pech, Tyler Jay member symposium at phasmatodea, Orthoptera, Phasmato- Raszick, Janice S. Edgerly, David the annual Entomologi- dea, Plecoptera, and Zoraptera. 2) The Branson, Gerlind U.C. Lehmann, Pe- cal Society of America background of the 11 speakers (Fig. dro G.B. Souza-Dias, and Forest Hu- FF (ESA) conference (in 1): we had a good mix of graduate val. If you’d like to learn more about Orlando, FL this time), co-organized, students and seasoned researchers the presentations, a brief abstract and this time, by the two of us. This year from six different countries: Brazil, figure (for most) are provided below was particularly special because the Germany, Italy, Mexico, the U.K., and (in order of presentation) by each conference was held in conjunction the U.S.A. speaker. with the International Congress of The presentations were all intrigu- Following the final presentation, Entomology (ICE), and the last time ing and the audience was of a con- almost everyone joined up with the ICE was held in the U.S. was in 1976. sistent size of around 50, which is an majority of speakers from the other Over 6,000 entomologists were in excellent turn-out for such a unique two Orthoptera-related symposia attendance, the largest gathering of symposium. Our keynote speaker, at ICE that were co-organized by our brethren in history. The 3.5-hour Piotr Naskrecki kicked off the event Arianne Cease and Stephen Rogers of symposium was entitled “Orthopter- with a great talk on the importance of Arizona State University (“From Mol- oids Without Borders” and adequately natural history observations, followed ecules to Management: New Tools for reflected two things: 1) the composi- by Paolo Fontana who gave an en- Understanding Locust Swarms across tion of the program, which included tertaining overview of orthopteroids, Species and Research Disciplines” presentations on many of the 10 ex- which set the stage well for the next and “Mechanisms and Consequences tant orders of orthopteroids: Blattodea nine talks (in order of presentation): of Phase Change in the Desert Locust,

Figure 1. Symposium organizers and speakers (left to right): back row: Alexandre V. Latchininsky, Derek A. Woller, Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias, Forest Huval, Tyler Jay Raszick, and David Branson; front row: Janice S. Edgerly, Mario Antonio Poot Pech, Douglas Smith, Paolo Fontana, Gerlind U.C. Lehmann, David Robinson, and Piotr Naskrecki.

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 18 METALEPTEA

Figure 2. The after-symposium celebration at Cuba Libre in downtown Figure 3. The beautiful Society banners – designs by Piotr Naskrecki and Orlando. Thank you, Society! This rowdy bunch had a grand time! Derek A. Woller, with all images taken by Piotr.

Schistocerca gregaria) and headed The science of natural history ethology and systematics. The last out to a wonderful dinner at a local three decades have not seen much im- restaurant, Cuba Libre, graciously Piotr Naskrecki (pnaskrecki@oeb. provement in the standing of natural sponsored by the Society. Good times harvard.edu), Museum of Compara- history among biologists, despite the were enjoyed by all (Fig. 2)! In fact, it tive Zoology, Harvard University, fact that it was natural history that has really felt like the dinner was a warm- Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. led to the formulation of evolutionary up for the International Congress of theory, island biogeography, sociobi- Orthopterology. The last thirty years saw the devel- ology, and countless other milestones Alex and I would like to sincerely opment of groundbreaking methods in in organismal biology. It is important thank the Society’s officers for ap- phylogenetic reconstruction, and we that current and future generations of proving the funding for the after-sym- are now closer than ever to a com- biologists pay more attention to the posium celebration. Piotr and I would plete evolutionary tree of orthopteroid natural history aspects of their study also like to thank the same officers for insects and other organisms. At the organisms, preferably in their quickly- commissioning the creation of two of- same time, new technologies allow bi- vanishing natural habitats. If not, then ficial Society banners (Fig. 3), which ologists to capture previously impos- we run the risk of losing the ability to turned out wonderfully, stood outside sible to document behaviors, docu- ask biologically-meaningful ques- the symposium rooms, and were ment fleeting physiological processes, tions. enjoyed and commented on by many and vastly expand the time scales Congress attendees. This particular on which we can study organismal Orthopteroid Insects: a perfect set resides with Hojun Song (hsong@ behavior and interactions. Techniques, group to investigate ecology, con- tamu.edu) in the Song Laboratory such as stable isotopes and quantita- servation, and biogeography of Insect Systematics and Evolu- tive PCR allow us to examine eco- tion at Texas A&M University, but logical roles of individual organisms Paolo Fontana (paolo_api.fontana@ if you would like have a set printed and species, while automated acoustic fmach.it), Edmund Mach Foundation, where you are locally for a meeting/ signal recognition allow us to get an Technology Transfer Centre, Pergine symposium/etc., the necessary files immediate picture of orthopteran di- Valsugana, Trento, Italy have been provided to Hojun from versity in previously-unexplored habi- whom they can be requested. If you tats. A comprehensive phylogenetic Orthopteroid insects, sometimes write to the Society’s officers and framework and a powerful research known as Polyneoptera Martynov, explain what you would like to use toolbox make it possible to answer 1923, constitute an apparently hetero- the banners for, there is even a strong almost any question an inquisitive geneous group of orders. Currently, it possibility that they might pay for the biologist might ask. But will there be is composed of the following orders: printing. more interesting questions? Blattodea (+Isoptera), Mantodea, In 1985, orthopterist Theodore H. Zoraptera, Plecoptera, Embioptera, Hubbell lamented over the diminish- Grylloblattodea, Dermaptera, Phas- ing role natural history observations matodea, Orthoptera and Mantophas- were playing in the fields of insect matodea. Most of them were original- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 19 METALEPTEA oid insects that, layers were projected in NAD 1983 locally, do not spheroid projection. ArcGis Geosta- consist of a large tistics with multivariate regression number of taxa, analysis was conducted to reveal eco- may facilitate the logical layers pertinent to grasshopper understanding of outbreaks. Preliminary results indicate many phenom- that previous year’s precipitation, soil ena. Also, very type, and vegetation type are primary Figure 4. The study of different orthopteroid orders requires different often, in groups drivers for fluctuations of grasshop- collecting techniques, and sometimes tools, often unique for each (or so widely ne- per densities. Species composition some) of them. These techniques and tools can greatly expand the mi- glected, it will of grasshopper outbreaks changes crohabitats investigated, producing an increase of data within all orders. also be possible dramatically from year to year. Simi- ly included in the Orthoptera by Carl to discover new larities and differences between the Linnaeus and, for many years, ento- species. Furthermore, the knowledge results of our analysis (1993-2013) mologists studied this group as a unit, at local scales of such an interesting and a similar analysis conducted by normally excluding the Plecoptera, group of insect orders will enable the Schell (1994) for the period between the sole order with aquatic members. transfer of scientific knowledge into 1944 and 1992 were discussed. The terrestrial orders assigned to or- concrete actions to safeguard biodi- thopteroids have, however, extremely versity. different habits and ecological needs Ultrafast, ultrashort, and ultra- and, consequently, the study of these sonic - the ecological and evolu- orders requires collecting techniques Ecological factors affecting tionary implications of an enig- and tools that are often unique to grasshopper outbreaks in Wyo- matic acoustic communication each. ming system in a bush cricket For millennia, men of science have gone through various breaches of hu- Douglas Smith (dsmith59@uwyo. David Robinson (david.robinson@ man knowledge; they were erudites. edu) and Alexandre Latchininsky, open.ac.uk)1, Patricia Ash2, Marion Only in recent centuries has special- University of Wyoming, Laramie, Hall1, Jürgen Rheinlaender3, 1The ization in science made its appear- WY, U.S.A. Open University, Milton Keynes, ance with a strong acceleration in the U.K., 2The Open University in the last few decades. This phenomenon Since 1944, federal, state, and lo- South, Oxford, U.K., 3Nordkirchen, is due obviously to the huge body of cal agencies have conducted yearly Germany knowledge accumulated over time. grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acridoi- By analyzing the literature of the last dea) surveys throughout the state of The tettigoniid Leptophyes puncta- three centuries it can be seen that this Wyoming. This database consists of tissima is a flightless European pha- specialization has resulted in a move records from 200 permanent sites that neropterine. It has an acoustic com- away from “real” nature to improve are annually surveyed for grasshop- munication system that has a number global and theoretical knowledge. The per (all species together) population of features that are counter-intuitive. biologist, the naturalist, the entomolo- densities. Since 1993, the surveys Our studies are designed to provide gist is no longer the man who studies, also include information on species explanations of the selective advan- in-depth, a given environment at a present and densities of each spe- tage of these features. The sound- given time. The extra work required cies. We used this grasshopper survey producing apparatus seems to have to collect the minor orders of orthop- information and overlaid it with high evolved separately in the sexes. The teroids is relatively scarce and want- resolution digital vegetative, soil, pre- male song is ultrasonic and very brief, ing to become taxonomists of these cipitation, slope, and elevation (DEM) consisting of a few syllables each of 1 small groups on a local scale, it will maps to find correlation between ms duration. Females respond to male be initially useful to involve other col- ecological factors and grasshopper calls with an even briefer ultrasonic leagues truly specialized in some of outbreaks as well as the grasshopper call lasting around 1 ms, but unless them. Malaise, pit falls, or light traps assemblages of the outbreaks. the male receives the reply within a can enlarge the number of species Wyoming grasshopper outbreak narrow time window the female is detected in several orthopteroid orders maps were generated based on a 22- ignored (Fig. 5). The calls would ap- (Fig. 4). year (1993-2013) survey data using pear to offer only a limited prospect The study at the local-regional level ArcGIS ArcMap 10.2. Soil, vegeta- of mate selection by acoustic means. of a group of orders like orthopter- tion, DEM, precipitation, and slope Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 20 METALEPTEA

Figure 5. Oscillogram of a male call and female reply within the time window Figure 6. Swarm of the Central American Locust, Schistocerca of 25 to 55 ms. piceifrons.

The behaviour and ecology of the spe- sary to explain these results, it cannot sampled during three seasons (Sum- cies has been investigated in the U.K. be excluded as a possibility. If, how- mer, Winter, and Spring) and predic- and Germany, both in the field and in ever, diet does influence mate choice, tive models with multiple regressions the laboratory, using wild-caught and the mechanism by which it operates were established. In the next genera- laboratory-reared individuals. Labora- is unclear. Our studies thus show that tions, the swarms were followed and tory experiments have focused on re- the mating system in L. punctatissima geopositioned, before control was productive success, comparing males remains something of an enigma. enacted by the Locust Campaign of and females fed a diet supplemented Yucatán Plant Health, and displayed with concentrated protein with those in a distribution map. A partial posi- on an unsupplemented diet. Indicator plants in solitary phase tive correlation was observed between The results of detailed acoustic and and migration behavior of Schis- S. piceifrons density and abundance ecological observations, together with tocerca piceifrons in Yucatán, of the grass Panicum maximum. The a range of experiments, have pro- México migration direction of the first gen- vided insights into the life history of eration was northeast and the second the species and the possible selective Mario A. Poot Pech (mpootpech@ southwest. In conclusion, in solitary pressures that have shaped its evolu- gmail.com), Esaú Ruíz Sánchez, and phase, the density of S. piceifrons was tion. Field observation have shown Horacio S. Ballina Gómez, Conkal correlated with the plant abundance that mating may take place as high as Technological Institute, Conkal, of grass P. maximum, which provides 14m in trees but eggs are laid close to México shelter, and, in gregarious form, the the ground. Laboratory experiments swarm’s migration behavior is op- have not so far demonstrated any The Central American Locust, posite between the first and second direct influence of body size, song Schistocerca piceifrons (Orthoptera: generation. frequency or syllable length on mate Acrididae) (Fig. 6), is one of the most choice. Diet does affect reproduc- harmful plant pests in Mexico. The tive success. Supplemented males get Yucatan Peninsula is an important Transcriptomic profiling of the more matings, possibly because they gregarious zone where S. piceifrons chemosensory organs in grass- are more able to produce spermato- oviposits, develops, and gregarizes to hoppers with diverse feeding phores or more active in searching swarm. The present work was carried strategies for females. Unsupplemented females out to associate plant species abun- lay fewer eggs than supplemented dance with S. piceifrons density in Tyler Jay Raszick (tjraszick@gmail. females unless they get at least 5 solitary phase within different locali- com) and Hojun Song, Texas A&M matings. As a result, unsupplemented ties of the gregarious zone in the Yu- University, College Station, U.S.A. females may be more highly motivat- catan Peninsula, as well as to discover ed to mate, which may explain why the migration direction of S. picei- Chemosensory organs in herbivo- unsupplemented females get more frons swarms. The plant abundance rous insects play a critical role in matings than supplemented females. and locust density were obtained providing information about the suit- Although mate choice is not neces- by field surveys. Seven sites were ability of potential host plants. Among Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 21 METALEPTEA 12 individuals Orthoptera. was carried out on two replicate lanes of Illumina Characterization of the Nano- HiSeq at the Tex- fiber Silk of Embioptera as A&M Genom- ics and Bioinfor- Janice S. Edgerly (jedgerlyrooks@ matics Service. scu.edu)1, Grace Stokes1, and Jeff After rigorous Yarger2, 1Santa Clara University, quality control Santa Clara, CA, U.S.A. and 2Arizona (QC) processing, State University, Phoenix, AZ, U.S.A. transcript as- semblies for each Embiopterans construct domiciles species (combin- by releasing silk from glands in their Figure 7. Phylogeny of 441 putative grasshopper GR genes (each color ing data from all front feet. Depending on habitat, they represents a single subfamily) and 85 outgroup GR genes from other 3 individuals) use silk to stitch leaves, line burrows, insects (grey). were created or create coverings on tree bark (Fig. using Trinity. 8A) where they gain protection from these organs in grasshoppers are the Assemblies were the elements and predators. Reliance mouthparts (labrum, hypopharynx, further analyzed using Geneious 8.0. on silk appears to relate to the colo- maxilla, and labium), which have Using a custom local BLAST search, nial tendency of females and to care high densities of gustatory receptors we identified roughly 100 putative GR for young who develop more quickly essential to the detection of nutrients genes in each species (after QC and when sharing silk with their mothers. and plant secondary compounds. removal of duplicates and multiple Their silk displays features typical for These secondary compounds may act isoforms). We then generated species- this type of biopolymer: repeat motifs as attractants, feeding-stimulants, or specific phylogenies using the GR and beta-sheets aligned along the deterrents to insects with different genes as terminal taxa, and included fiber axis. Our recent research seeks feeding strategies. Foraging behavior 85 other well-described GR genes to characterize chemical properties of and perception of host plant qual- from across the insects as outgroups. silk and how those properties relate ity is likely mediated by differential We also created a phylogeny using all to embiopteran natural history. Of transcription of chemosensory genes. 441 putative GR genes from all four particular interest to us is the abil- Gustatory receptor (GR) genes, in species (Fig. 7). ity of the silk of the tropical species particular, may play a central role in Our data show that there is a GR Antipaluria urichi (Fig. 8B) to act as determining grasshopper diet breadth gene expansion that is associated a waterproofing protective covering in and nutritional intake. Thus, it is with Acrididae, and is independent of their rain forest habitat. likely that the number, type, and ex- host plant use. While all grasshopper Using various analytical tools, we pression of GR genes will vary across subfamilies do share orthologs with determined that the extremely fine species with diverse feeding habits. the other insects, there is also clearly silk fibers (90 nm) are coated with a Here, we investigate the evolution of a large derived clade representing a hydrocarbon-rich layer--likely used GR genes across 4 acridid subfamilies grasshopper-specific expansion of GR as waterproofing. But the silk also has with distinctly different diets using a genes, which, in turn, has three major the ability to latch onto water, which phylogenetic framework. monophyletic groups nested within it. sticks in very high relief drops to the Wild grasshoppers were collected Furthermore, all four of our sampled surface (Fig. 8C). Water droplets stick and field-euthanized during late subfamilies are represented in each of to rose petals in a similar fashion - morning and early afternoon (normal these three nested expansions, sug- that interaction has been named the grasshopper foraging hours) from a gesting that the overall expansion “rose petal effect” because of this. number of locations in central Texas. of GR genes is an ancestral condi- With assistance from our colleague Individuals of a single lab-reared tion, and each subfamily has made Konrad Rykaczewski at Arizona species were also euthanized during its own modifications. Future work State University, we used cryo-SEM normal foraging hours. Total RNA will include taxa from other Caelifera and other microscopy techniques to was extracted from the mouthparts of and from , as well as other determine if the water droplet pen- three individuals per species (three polyneopterans, in order to further etrates the spun silk fibers in the same biological replicates) for a total num- resolve the timing of the expansion way that it penetrates the micro-scale ber of 12 specimens. RNA-seq for all in the context of the evolution of the grooves on rose petals. To our sur- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 22 METALEPTEA Figure 8. Optical images presence of trophic cascades was not of water drops on the affected by an interaction between Antipaluria surface of precipitation reduction and predation. urichi silk sheets. (A) Silk in the field in Trini- The results of the studies reinforce the dad, (B) Adult female need to examine drought manipula- (1.7 cm long), (C) Water tions to better predict grasshopper droplet on silk fibers population changes due to changing spun onto a glass slide, and (D) Droplet turned climate conditions. upside down, but still adhering to the silk fibers. (For more infor- Bushcricket genitalia: morphol- mation, see Popp et al. 2016. Surface and wet- ogy, function, and their role ting properties of -em in species isolation and female biopteran (webspinner) choice (Orthoptera: Ensifera: nanofiber silk. Lang- muir. http://pubs.acs. Tettigoniidae) org/doi/ipdf/10.1021/ acs.langmuir.6b00762) Gerlind U. C. Lehmann (Gerlind. [email protected]), Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany prise, water drops sit directly on top usda.gov), USDA, Agricultural Re- Genitalia are rapidly-evolving of the silk fibers, without penetrating. search Service, Sidney, MT, U.S.A. morphological structures most likely What causes the drop to stick there under sexual selection. Males of was determined by examining frozen Global climate change is predicted certain bushcrickets possess sclero- droplets stuck to the silk. Surpris- to significantly modify patterns of tized internal genital devices termed ingly, the nano-scale fibers are pulled precipitation, making it critical to titillators. We comparatively studied together at the interface between the develop a better understanding of how the relationship between copulation drop and the silk and act to pin the this will modify biotic interactions. duration, complexity of titillators, drop in place, so much so that the silk Short term to decadal scale weather spermatophore mass, and male body can be turned upside down (Fig. 8D) patterns can impact grasshopper mass. Additionally, we studied the and the drop stays stuck to the pin- population dynamics, but drought role of the titillators during copulation ning sites along the edge of the drop. impacts on grasshoppers have rarely in the context of four a priori hypoth- In the field, water droplets stick to been studied in manipulative experi- eses for their function: (1) act as an- the silk covering of A. urichi; when ments. Three cage experiments were chors to secure matings; (2) facilitate the insect living dry beneath the silk conducted in eastern Montana to sperm removal; (3) stimulate females needs to drink, she cuts a small hole examine the impact of competition, during copulation; and/or (4) assure beneath the drop and sucks it into her herbivory, predation and precipitation an accurate spermatophore transfer. mouth. After quenching her thirst, she manipulation treatments on grasshop- For the comparative analysis, we then patches the hole with silk. The per population dynamics. Two experi- assembled data from published pa- interaction between the silk fibers ments manipulated precipitation and pers. For the possible function during and water is a novel mechanism and grasshopper density, while the third copulation, we studied the bushcricket is probably due to the fineness of the experiment manipulated precipitation Metrioptera roeselii (Hagenbach, silk fibers (the finest silks produced and spider predation to examine the 1822) using a novel combination of by any animal). impact of drought on trophic cas- independent techniques and manipu- cades. lations. We took video recordings of In studies manipulating drought unrestrained copulating pairs. Further- Effects of precipitation ma- and grasshopper densities, drought more, copulating pairs were snap- nipulation and biotic factors on typically had stronger negative ef- frozen and scanned by X-ray micro- grasshopper populations: Impli- fects on individual body size and computed tomography (mCT). We cations for responses to climate future reproduction than survival, also studied the impact of multiple change with abundant late summer precipita- male characters including titillators tion enhancing reproduction. Spider on the mating success in M. roeselii. predation interacted with drought to David Branson (Dave.branson@ars. We found comparative evidence for affect grasshopper survival, but the Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 23 METALEPTEA Figure 9. A male Metri- description of a new tribe comprising optera roeselii (green, the Aracambiae genera group, and left side) has inserted the elevation of subtribes to tribes, as his titillators (purple) in a female’s sub- subtribe Lernecina and subtribe Lu- genital fold (right side, zarina. These results will be formally violet). This fold is held presented in a manuscript, which is open during mating being prepared. with the help of the titillators, which do not harm the female’s tissue. Cockroaches (Blattodea) of Southern Louisiana: morphol- ogy, diversity, and life histories

Forest Huval ([email protected]), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, U.S.A. longer copulation duration in species its internal groups are unknown due The state of Louisiana has both with titillators than those without, but to a lack of phylogenetic hypotheses. temperate and subtropical climates complexity had no influence on mat- Based on these issues, this study while containing six distinct ecore- ing duration. Within a species, male aimed to perform the first cladistic gions. Two ecoregions that comprise titillators were rhythmically inserted analysis of Phalangopsidae using the central southern part of the state into the female’s genital chamber morphological characters, mainly the were surveyed. This faunistic survey during copulation (Fig. 9). Titillator genital characters, in order to propose of cockroaches was done to gain a manipulation reduced the capacity of a suprageneric classification for this better understanding of the morphol- a male to attach the spermatophore group. The study of the male phallic ogy, diversity, life histories, and also and led to female resistance behav- complex allowed the proposition of taxonomy, of both adults and nymphs. iours. We therefore conclude that 83 genital characters. The cladistic Blattodea, excluding the newly titillators function as tools to stimu- analysis was performed using 142 included epifamily Termitoidae, is late the females and accurately place characters (83 genital + 59 external an understudied order of insects in the spermatophore. Additionally, we morphology) and 60 species, 5 of spite of the importance of infamous found that larger, heavier males bear which were used as outgroups. The peridomestic pest species. Complete longer titillators. ingroup was composed of 10 species information on life histories is lacking of Phalangopsinae and 45 belong- for the majority of species. ing to Luzarinae. The analyses were Survey methods used included Phylogeny of Neotropical Pha- performed in TNT using both equal hanging Malaise traps, pitfall traps, langopsidae (Ensifera, Grylloi- weights and implied weights for the mercury vapor light traps, and hand dea) morphological + genital characters collecting. These methods were and only genital characters. utilized monthly, spring through Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias (pedrog- The monophyly of Phalangopsidae fall, with first collections starting in [email protected]), University of São and Luzarinae were recovered. Pha- summer, 2014. To date, 505 field- Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil langopsinae, however, was recovered collected specimens representing as paraphyletic, in accordance with 16 species have been examined and The family Phalangopsidae occurs the results of Chintauan-Marquier identified. These, along with speci- in tropical areas around the world, et al. (2015). The “Phalangopsinae” mens examined from the Louisiana is one of the major lineages of Gryl- genera Laranda and Ectecous were State Museum collection, loidea, and is considered the largest recovered as monophyletic. Regard- have been used to re-describe spe- taxon of crickets in the Neotropical ing Luzarinae, all genera analyzed cies with out-of-date descriptions Region. In the Neotropics, Luzarinae were recovered as monophyletic, ex- and create a key to adult males, adult comprises the most diverse subfam- cept the genus Endophallusia, nested females, and nymphs of all cockroach ily in terms of number of species and within Eidmanacris. The resulting species statewide. Significant find- ecological adaptations. However, the topology will allow the proposition of ings include an expanded distribution evolutionary relationships between taxonomical changes within Luzari- of Euthlastoblata gemma (Hebard), nae. The main propositions are the which had previously been recorded Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 24 METALEPTEA only from Orleans Parish and detailed in the lab. This research on central the diversity and life history of insects documentation of the life cycles of southern Louisiana cockroaches will that are increasingly being viewed as species viewed in the field and reared contribute to the global knowledge of model organisms. Update on Journal of Orthoptera Research By CORINNA S. BAZELET Editor, Journal of Orthoptera Research [email protected] or those who attended enhance our chance of success. For the fabulous 12th ICO in example, Thomson Reuters’ requires Bahia, Brazil, you may novel subject matter, a peer-review recall that there was a process, attractive layout, and that that lot of discussion in the the journal be of international inter- FF sessions and the breaks est and relevance. JOR accomplishes about the status, direction, and future all of these goals handily. Another of the Journal of Orthoptera Research low-hanging fruit is to publish issues (JOR), the journal published by our regularly. I am now doing all that is Orthopterists’ Society continuously in my power to send completed issues since 1992, and the world’s only to the publishers on the 15th of June journal dedicated solely to publication and the 15th of December annually. of original research on the Orthoptera Furthermore, we have improved our and related taxa. There is also a good time to first decision on a manuscript chance that I approached you directly from 15 weeks in 2014 to 4.57 weeks at some point during the congress in 2016 and our time to acceptance of to request (cajole) the promise of a an article from 51 weeks in 2014 to manuscript from you. Whether we 13.57 weeks in 2016. items or preliminary data of particular spoke directly or not, I did make a In two meetings at the ICO, the interest. The “forum” section will be commitment to update the OS com- Orthopterists’ Society Board decided used to invite groups of articles – of- munity about the status of JOR over to make JOR a priority for the OS for ten review articles – which will form time, and that is the purpose of this the years to come, and contributed a cluster on a specific topic within short article. invaluable ideas, suggestions, and the a regular issue. “Special issues” are First and foremost, as expressed at promise of financial support, which entire issues dedicated to a specific the 12th ICO, my first priority forJOR will undoubtedly help to strengthen topic. These issues are often edited remains to get an impact factor (IF) JOR into the future. I also received by guest editors and papers are usu- and indexing in Thomson Reuters’ numerous suggestions from society ally invited. At the moment, a special Science Citation Index for JOR. Al- members, some of which I am in the issue is underway on “Orthoptera though the merit of the IF system has process of implementing and others Response to Grazing” and is being ed- been debated widely, including within which I hope to implement in the near ited by myself and Dr. Tim Gardiner. our own society, the consensus among future. I hope that you will see the We hope that this special issue will be people I spoke with at the ICO is that, fruits of these conversations in the published as Vol. 26(2) in December, without an IF, the future of JOR is coming year. 2017. All of these types of articles uncertain. Several OS members com- As of mid-January, when you will be subject to peer review. mented to me during the course of the submit an article to JOR you will be So what changes can you expect to ICO that they would happily publish asked to select a “Journal Section”. see soon from JOR? The volume size in JOR if it only had an IF, but that The traditional options of “original is beginning to climb out of its slump, their positions at their institutions of research” and “review” are avail- a trend that we hope will continue. employment necessitate publication able as always. Nancy Morris, JOR’s Vol. 26(2), published in December, within IF journals only. This is an editorial assistant has also added three 2016 with a modest 8 articles, was unfortunate reality of academia today. new sections: “short communica- the largest volume since June, 2013 In terms of the stated requirements tions” are pieces which do not con- Vol. 22(1). Thanks to all those that for IF, there are several which JOR stitute full-length articles but are still contributed in one way or another accomplishes already, and several of general interest to the orthopterist to this success. Within the coming which can be improved in order to community. These can include news Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 25 METALEPTEA month, I plan to begin the IF applica- sibly to an Open Access publication manuscripts. Author guidelines for tion process. This process has recently model. So watch this space! submission can be found at this link: been amended and now begins with Finally, as always, without our http://140.247.119.225/OrthSoc/JOR. application to the Emerging Sources loyal and committed society, and html and for manuscript submission, Citation Index, the feeder index into board members, authors, reviewers, please follow this link: http://www. the IF. The OS Board and I are also and editors, JOR would not be able utm.utoronto.ca/~utmjor/. If you have beginning to examine the possibility to continue. Thank you for all your any questions about the suitability of of upgrading to a more user-friendly contributions and support over the work for publication in JOR, please online submission system and pos- years and please continue to submit do not hesitate to contact me.

Theodore J. Cohn Research Grant Reports Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera; Pyrgomorphidae) By SALOMÓN SANABRIA-URBÁN UNAM, Mexico [email protected] he genus Sphenarium hoppers. biological, cultural, and economic im- Charpentier (1842) In addition, Sphenarium grass- portance of the genus Sphenarium, its comprises a group of hoppers have a notable cultural and taxonomy has remained incompletely fusiform, brachypterous, economic impor- and closely-related grass- tance in Mexico. TT hopper species, which For example, are distributed from central Mexico local people have to northwest Guatemala. These traditionally eaten grasshoppers are part of the Pyrgo- these grasshoppers morphidae, a family of Gondwanic since pre-Colum- origin that is mostly diverse in the bian times (Ra- Old World tropics: Sphenarium, with mos-Elorduy and its ten extant species, represents the Moreno, 1989). most diverse genus of the New World On the other hand, Pyrgomorphidae (Kevan, 1977). Sphenarium is the The species of Sphenarium can be only genus of the an excellent system to study patterns New World Pyrgo- of local adaptation. For instance, morphidae known these grasshoppers show a remark- to have outbreaks able variation in body size, coloration, and whose spe- and life history traits (Kevan, 1977; cies are included Sanabria-Urbán et al., 2015) (see Fig. among the long- 1), suggesting high levels of adapta- known agricul- tion to environmental heterogeneity. tural pests for corn On the other hand, their low disper- (Zea mays) and sal capabilities, high sensitivity to beans (Phaseolus temperature changes, and distribu- vulgaris) that are tion across a region with a complex also fundamental geologic and climatic history provide elements of the the opportunity to explore the relative Mexican diet (Ke- importance of historic events on the van, 1977). Figure 1. Common coloration patterns of some species of Sphenarium: A, S. adelinae sp.n.; B, S. borrei; C, S. histrio; D, S. purpurascens; E, S. diversification of Neotropical grass- Despite the rugosum; F, S. totonacum sp.n.; G, S. variabile; H, S. zapotecum sp.n. Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 26 METALEPTEA and the U.S.A. limits and numbers of independently- (ANSP, UMMZ, evolving lineages were inferred with and FSCA). In the obtained morphological and phy- addition, Sphenar- logeographic evidence. ium grasshoppers The provided funding allowed for were collected the improved morphological, genetic, across the Mexi- and geographic sampling of this study can Neotropics principally for the newly-described between 2008 and species (Fig. 2). Overall, the revised 2016 and were material consisted of 3,869 Sphen- examined as well. arium specimens collected from 513 All of this mate- Mexican and Guatemalan localities. rial was used to Moreover, nucleotide sequences analyse the levels for 64 Sphenarium specimens were of morphologi- newly-generated and combined with cal differentiation our previously-published dataset and geographic (Sanabria-Urbán et al., 2015). In total, variation in terms 129 Sphenarium specimens collected of external traits from 94 Mexican sites (Fig. 3) were and internal male genetically-analysed. The results of Figure 2. Fieldwork conducted during fall 2016 in the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Veracruz, and Guerrero. genitalia. In ad- this study have led to the recognition dition, levels of of 17 valid species of Sphenarium, resolved. The last taxonomic revi- genetic differen- nine of which corresponded to pre- sion of the genus was only partially tiation and evolutionary relationships viously-described species and eight published (Boyle, 1974; Kevan, 1977) within the genus were analysed using represent new species in the genus. complicating the identification of spe- nucleotide sequences of five loci Based on these results, the species cies. For almost four decades, there (CO1, CO2, 12S, H3 and ITS2), in concepts of the genus were redefined have been no additional taxonomic combination with a wide geographic and new synonymies were proposed. descriptions, but recent molecular and taxonomic sampling. Following In addition, general patterns of studies have suggested some taxo- an integrative taxonomic framework, morphological and genetic variation nomic rearrangements to the classi- fication ofSphenarium and multiple putative new species have been identi- fied but these still await taxonomic description (Pedraza-Lara et al. 2015; Sanabria-Urbán et al. 2015). There- fore, so far, there is no consensus on the identity and numbers of species to be recognized within the genus. For these reasons, and thanks to the T.J. Cohn Research Grant, I have studied and comprehensively re- vised the grasshoppers of this genus. For this study, I examined the type material of all described species of Sphenarium (S. affine, S. barretti, S. bolivari, S. borrei, S. bruneri, S. carinatum, S. crassipes, S. histrio, S. ictericum, S. macrophallicum, S. mag- num, S. marginatum, S. mexicanum, S. minimum, S. planum, S. purpurascens, Figure 3. Sampling localities (coloured circles) for the genetic analysis (A) and phylogenetic S. rugosum & S. variabile) along with relationships of the 17 species of Sphenarium recognized (B). Different colours in the map collections of this genus housed at and phylogeny represent different species. Areas below the circles represent the approximate four museums, in Mexico (UNAM) known geographic distribution of each species. Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 27 METALEPTEA within species were described and Acknowledgements Kevan, D.K.M. (1977) The American the knowledge of the biogeographic Thanks to the Orthopterists’ Society for Pyrgomorphidae (Orthoptera). Revista patterns and evolutionary relation- funding, which allowed for the comple- de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina. ships among Sphenarium species was tion of this study, and especially to 36(1–4), 3–28. updated (Fig. 3). Michel Lecoq and Pamm Mihm. Also Pedraza-Lara, C., Barrientos-Lozano, L., thanks to M.F. O’Brien, J.D. Weintraub, Rocha-Sánchez, A.Y., Zaldívar-Riverón, The results of this study also provid- E. Mariño-Pedraza, and R. Mariño-Pérez A. (2015) Montane and coastal spe- ed evidence that the genus Sphenari- for the facilities provided to examine the cies diversification in the economically um is an assemblage of lineages with museum specimens and to Hojun Song important Mexican grasshopper genus different levels of morphological and and his Laboratory for the help provided, Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomor- genetic divergence, which suggest a without which this study would not be phidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and complex interplay between evolution- possible. Finally, thanks also to M. Are- Evolution. 84, 220–231. ary forces during the evolution of the nas-Navarro, T. Sánchez-Cruz, E. Aguilar, Ramos-Elorduy, J., Moreno, J.M.P. (1989) genus. Moreover, the patterns of in- A. Blanco, A. Diaz-De la Vega, A. Pingar- Los Insectos comestibles en el México traspecific variation observed suggest roni, F. A. Rivera-Ortiz, P. Gomez-Ruiz, antiguo: estudio etnoentomológico. several instances of on-going spe- P. Fontana, and V. Jiménez-Arcos for their AGT. Mexico. support in the fieldwork and laboratory Sanabria-Urbán, S., Song, H., Oyama, ciation processes in the genus. This work. This research was also supported K., González-Rodríguez, A., Serrano- study opens the opportunity to further by the following projects: PAPIIT-UNAM Meneses, M.A., Cueva del Castillo, R. explore the process and mechanisms IN220214 and U.S. National Science (2015) Body Size Adaptations to Altitu- involved in diversification of Neo- Foundation Grant IOS-1253493 (to Hojun dinal Climatic Variation in Neotropical tropical grasshoppers. Currently, this Song). Grasshoppers of the Genus Sphenarium study is under revision for its publica- (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). Plos tion in an ISI-indexed journal. The References cited One. 10(12), e0145248. genetic data and material associated Boyle, W.K. (1974) A Revision of the Ge- with this study will be available after nus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomor- its publication. phidae). McGill University. Ring speciation and evolutionary history of the genus Lluciapomaresius Barat, 2012 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) By JORGE GUTIERREZ RODRIGUEZ Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Spain [email protected] ing species have been been reported (Irwin & Wake, 2016). asturiensis (Bolívar, 1898), L. nobrei prized as a clear dem- However, recently-unstudied topo- (Bolívar, 1898) and L. stalii (Bolívar, onstration of the grad- graphic barriers have been associated 1877) are distributed around the ual nature of species with ring diversification processes and Northern Iberian plateau. They were formation (Pereira & characterized by using modeling ap- described based on morphological RR Wake, 2009). They are proaches (Monahan et al., 2012). One characters that are known to have a characterized by including a series of these such ‘candidate ring barriers’ very high intraspecific variability, and of populations at intermediate stages is the Northern Plateau of the Iberian the phylogenetic history of these taxa of divergence around a geographic Peninsula. Several potential spe- remain unknown. The morphologi- barrier, reaching reproductive isola- cies complexes have been described cal delimitation of these species has tion at the end of the ring (Monahan from the area surrounding the North generated many uncertainties (Barat, et al., 2012). Generally, they display Plateau, for which diversification 2012). characters (e.g., morphological, mo- processes are not yet well-established. My Ph.D. project was focused on lecular, ecological, behavioural, etc.) This is the case for some species of the influence of demography, land- that diverge progressively along the Lluciapomaresius Barat, 2012 (Or- scape, and historical factors in the ring. The taxonomy of these species thoptera). evolutionary history of organisms, complexes is usually complicated The genus Lluciapomaresius be- using Iberian amphibians as a study and different numbers of species longs to the family Tettigoniidae and model. However, I have always been can be recognized depending on the is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. fascinated with bush-crickets (Tettigo- criterion of the taxonomist (Kuchta Currently, it comprises 7 recognized niidae) due to their great morphologi- & Wake, 2016). In literature, just two species, of which Lluciapomare- cal variability and endemism richness, dozen examples of species rings have sius anapaulae (Schmidt, 2009), L. and this project reflects my long- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 28 METALEPTEA

Figure 1. Adult males of each mitochondrial lineage studied of the spe- cies complex (A, B, C, D, E lineages) and Lluciapomareius eclipticus (O). standing interest in these organisms. 25 populations for This study is being carried out in two mitochondrial collaboration with Ricardo J. Pereira genes (Cox1 and (University of Copenhagen) and ND2). The species Mario García París (Museo Nacional L. ortegai (Pantel, de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, 1896) and L. eclip- Madrid) and involved: a) quantifying ticus (Barat, 2004) habitat suitability for Lluciapomare- were used as out- sius species in the Iberian Peninsula groups for rooting to predict current and historical distri- the phylogenetic Figure 2. Top: Geographic distribution of the sequenced populations showing the distribution of the mtDNA lineages. The type locality butions around the barrier using Geo- tree. Preliminary of L. anapaulae is represented with letter “a”, “t” for L. asturiensis, graphic Information Systems; b) using phylogenetic analy- “n” for L. nobrei and “s” for L. stalii. Bottom: Bayesian phylogenetic molecular markers to reconstruct the ses with mitochon- analysis with two fragments of mitochondrial genes (Cox1 and ND2) evolutionary history of these taxa and drial genes showed using Beast 1.8. Values above branches represent Bayesian Posterior to test predictions for genetic patterns five main lineages Probabilities (BPPs). resulting from ring diversification in around the barrier this species complex; and c) assessing with high corre- it is possible to identify hybrid zones if diversification processes resulted in spondence with described species (see between species, as is the case with congruent patterns of morphological Fig. 2). Lineage A corresponded to lineages C and D in the north part diversification using scanning electron the species L. anapaulae, B with L. of the ring distribution and between microscope (SEM) imaging and male nobrei, C with L. asturiensis, D with lineages B and D in the southwestern calling songs. L stalii, and E with a new species or area. Once these interesting evolution- We collected all the species of subspecies proposed by Pfau (1996). ary areas were identified, additional the genus and 250 specimens from Several lineages showed well-sup- sampling was carried out to obtain more than 50 localities of the spe- ported sublineages geographically- more specimens and new popula- cies involved with the North Iberian structured, as with the case of C and tions. Additionally, male calling songs plateau barrier (Fig.1). We initially D. Some populations contained more were recorded in at least 25 locations sequenced around 50 specimens from than one mitochondrial lineage and around the northern plateau barrier Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 29 METALEPTEA along most of the distribution of the al DNA over most of the distribution, Irwin DE, Wake DB (2016) Ring species. species complex, including intensive so we are testing other nuclear genes. Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology 3: sampling at the localities with several We will continue to proceed to review 467-475. mitochondrial lineages. the diagnostic morphological charac- Kuchta SR, Wake DB (2016) Wherefore Currently, we are expanding the ters commonly used in this family by and Whither the Ring Species?. Copeia 104: 189-201. number of specimens for genetic anal- means of electronic and light micros- Monahan WB, et al. (2012) Ring distribu- yses to properly understand the diver- copy. The different steps will lead to tions leading to species formation: a sification processes that generated the the fundamental objective of answer- global topographic analysis of geograph- genetic pattern, paying special atten- ing the main question of this study: ic barriers associated with ring species. tion to the possible hybrid zones. We does the diversification process within BMC biology 10: 20. are sequencing several nuclear genes Lluciapomaresius species complex Pereira RJ, Wake DB (2009) Genetic leak- to determine the level of geographi- represent a case of ring speciation? age after adaptive and nonadaptive cal correspondence between mito- divergence in the Ensatina eschscholtzii chondrial and nuclear markers or the References Cited ring species. Evolution 63: 2288-2301. existence of hybridization processes Barat J (2012) Revisión preliminar de los Pfau, HK (1996). Untersuchungen zur Bioakustik und Evolution der Gattung between lineages. However, we do géneros de Ephippigerini Brunner von Platystolus Bolivar (Ensifera, Tettigoni- not find genetic differentiation with Wattenwyl, 1878 (Orthoptera: Tettigo- niidae: Bradyporinae). Boletín de la SEA idae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 139: the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 50: 1-71. 33-72. and ITS2) nor with the 5.8S ribosom- The Orthoptera Species File Grant Reports Illustrating Neotropical Acridoidea species with emphasis on Romaleinae in Orthoptera Species File By MARTINA E. POCCO CEPAVE CCT-La Plata CONICET FCNYM - UNLP, Argentina [email protected] he Acridoidea fauna Bruner, J. A. G. from South America Rehn, M. Hebard, comprises about 1,768 C. S. Carbonell, D. species (Cigliano et al., Otte, M. M. Cigli- 2016). One of the most ano, C. Amédégna- TT important collections to, M. Descamps, of the Neotropical Acridoidea is at R. A. Ronderos, The Academy of Natural Sciences of H.R. Roberts, C.H. Drexel University (ANSP), in Phila- F. Rowell, and D. delphia, PA, U.S.A. The ANSP was Perez-Gelabert, founded in 1812, and the Entomology among others. Department’s collection currently The Orthoptera contains more than 3,500,000 speci- Species File (OSF) mens of which more than 11,000 are (http://Orthoptera. primary types. The type collection is SpeciesFile.org) particularly rich in Hymenoptera and includes images Orthoptera orders, representing more of type specimens than 70% of the total composition of of a large num- the primary types. ber of species Regarding the Acridoidea described within Neotropical from South America, the Orthoptera Acridoidea. This collection at ANSP contains type is mostly due to specimens of about 399 species, most the contributions Figure 1. varipennis Rehn (male, ST), ANSP. A, habitus, of them described by S. Scudder, L. of Prof. Carlos S. lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, labels.

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Figure 2. Aplatacris colorata Scudder (male, ST). ANSP. A, habitus, lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, labels.

Figure 3. Prionacris erosa Rehn (male, HT). ANSP. A, habitus, lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, labels.

Figure 4. Agriacris magnifica Hebard (male, HT). ANSP. A, habitus, lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, labels.

Carbonell, who photographed most of tatives within Figure 5. Dellia dominicensis Perez-Gelabert, Dominici, Hierro & Otte the types of Neotropical Acridoidea Neotropical Acri- (male, HT), ANSP. A, habitus, lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, labels. species deposited at the most impor- doidea, the main tant grasshopper collections, includ- objective of this cies deposited into the ANSP between ing ANSP (that he visited in 1966 and project was to add data for this group 1970 and 2014, but without available 1970). to OSF, providing photographs of type OSF images. Since my research interest is fo- specimens of the species deposited Thanks to an OSF grant, I had the cused on the subfamily Romaleinae at ANSP collection. This project was opportunity to visit this amazing col- (Romaleidae), which includes the also aimed at adding images of those lection in April, 2015. Once there, I largest and most colorful represen- types of Neotropical Acridoidea spe- was able to take photographs of type Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 31 METALEPTEA CS6 before upload- Romaleinae), reaching a total number ing them to the of 79 images. My thanks to David corresponding taxa Nickle for his kindness and cordial to OSF. welcome at the Smithsonian’s Muse- I really ap- um Support Center (MSC) in Suit- preciated the land, Maryland, where the Orthoptera great warmth and collection is currently located. hospitality of Jason In addition, during my visit to these Weintraub, collec- collections, I transcribed about 200 tion manager of specimen records (from labels) and the Entomology captured images of specimens of more Collection, who than 40 Romaleinae species and their provided me with diagnostic characters (Fig. 6), depos- everything I need- ited in the general collection of both ed to carry out my museums (that I am still uploading to activities properly. OSF). I was really fascinated by the Figure 6. Spaniacris deserticola (Bruner), male. Images of diagnostic I am very grateful great collections of Romaleinae (to characters from head and pronotum (A-C) and male external genitalia (D,E). for his generous get an idea of this, the curated part of support and kindly the Romaleinae at the ANSP exceeds specimens of 70 species of Neotropi- help throughout 10,000 specimens, including primary cal Acridoidea, of which 40 belong to my visit to the ANSP. types and paratypes). the subfamily Romaleinae. For each During my stay in the U.S., I also Finally, I would like to thank the type (88 specimens in total, including had the opportunity to visit the Ac- Orthopterist’s Society for funding this primary types and paratypes), I took ridoidea collection at the Smithson- project, and the Society’s Treasurer, three photographs (lateral and dorsal ian Institution National Museum of Pamm Mihm, for all her help in the views of the habitus and labels, Figs. Natural History (formerly named as administrative matters. 1-5) and, in some cases, additional the United States National Museum or images (of diagnostic characters) USNM), in Washington D. C. In the Reference Cited were taken, obtaining a total number course of this short visit (a day-long Cigliano, M.M., H. Braun, D.C. Eades & D. Otte. 2016. Orthoptera Species File. Ver- of 264 images of type specimens. All visit), I was able to photograph 26 types belonging to 20 species of Neo- sion 5.0/5.0. [November 2016]. http:// these images were then processed Orthoptera.SpeciesFile.org with the program Adobe Photoshop tropical Acridoidea (of which 15 were Recent advances in the management of locusts and grasshoppers in China By DAVID HUNTER Locust and Grasshopper Control, Australia [email protected] here is a long history of tion of biological control as part of locust plagues in China, a preventive management program. with there being more In the past, treatments of locusts and than 800 plagues re- grasshoppers almost exclusively used corded in the last 2,700 chemical pesticides, but work by Dr. TT years. The most common Long Zhang and his group has led to a locust pest is the migratory locust substantial shift away from chemicals (Locusta migratoria), which can form with their harmful effects on natural dense bands (Fig. 1) and swarms. enemies and ecological biodiversity, However, in the past few years, there such that now about 30% of treat- have been major advances in the man- ments are with biological alternatives. agement of both locusts and grasshop- Dr. Zhang conducted many trials Figure 1. Band of Migratory Locusts pers in China, including the integra- with both the protozoan Paranosema

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 32 METALEPTEA

computer-based Geographic Informa- tion System (GIS), so that the densest infestations are identified and then Figure 2. Treatments using N. locustae and IGRs. At high densities of locusts (>5 individuals/m2 ) treated in a timely, efficient manner. or grasshoppers (>15 individuals/m2 ), N. locustae and IGRs are used in alternate strips. Through this GIS, one of the largest locust and grasshopper workforces in locustae and the fungus Metarhizium ha of locust and grasshopper infesta- the world (involving more than 2,000 acridum and was responsible for set- tions per year in China. This is more technicians at 127 locust and grass- ting up the mass production system than the amount of bio pesticides used hopper control stations) are organized for P. locustae. With P. locustae, against acridids in all of the rest of well and are able to provide China higher mortalities are obtained than the world combined—a world-leading with a highly efficient, intelligent, in the past (in the order of 80%) due achievement. and precise system for the preventive to the use of new local strains that are But, of course, actual treatments are management of these pests. more virulent to locusts and grasshop- just the final step in the integrated pest Dr. Zhang and those that work with pers and to the development of new management of locust and grasshop- him have taken methods and technol- water-based formulations. Studies per pests. The first step is to know the ogies used elsewhere for locust and have been conducted on the various location of the densest infestations, grasshopper management and added ways of using biopesticides, including so that they can be treated in a timely a number of innovations such that, the use of mixtures of P. locustae and manner. It is critically important that major swarm invasions of crops by M. acridum, and using Insect Growth officers involved with locusts and swarms of locusts are rare in China— Regulators (IGR) in narrow strips grasshoppers are trained in the most a substantial achievement that is with P. locustae in-between in a modi- up-to-date methods of survey, includ- matched in few other places in the fication of the RAATs system used in ing the use of GPS to locate sites with world. Continuing work by the many the U.S.A. (Fig. 2). Strong advocacy locusts and the use of Differential researchers on locusts and grasshop- of the use of biopesticides by Dr. GPS (DGPS) by aircraft to accu- pers in China will continue this inno- Zhang and his group has led to their rately delineate the precise location vation and increase the effectiveness widespread application, such that they of areas treated. Survey and control of treatment programs against these are used to treat more than 100,000 data are integrated into a national pests. The lost birthday: Archival research reveals the true date of birth of Sir Boris Uvarov, K. C. M. G., F. R. S.1 By ALEXEI KOUPRIANOV National Research University Higher School of Economics St. Petersburg, Russia [email protected] ANASTASIA A. FEDOTOVA S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology Russia [email protected] ot unlike their fellow prochronistic clockwork mechanism Discoveries of this sort are even more scientists, historians discovered underwater, or an ancient surprising when they concern recent of science are famil- coin found in an archaeological site events, which are supposed to be bet- iar with the joy of an challenge established generalisations ter known than the obscure dealings empirical discovery. and force scholars to renegotiate what of the ancient world. NN Time and again, a stub- should be accepted as a matter of fact. Sir Boris Uvarov’s name rings a born document found in an archive, 1 K. C. M. G. stands for the Knight-Commander of The Most Distinguished Order of or an over-sophisticated, apparently- Saint Michael and Saint George, F. R. S. for the Fellow of the Royal Society Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 33 METALEPTEA in Ekaterinoslav when being still under 15 (1904). It is beyond dispute that Boris Uvarov was perceived by his fellow students as a gifted young researcher, but nobody, it seems, considered him as a Wunderkind being several years younger than his classmates. Sir Boris Uvarov, at the begin- ning of his career, was a civil servant for the Ministry of Agriculture. To identify the birth date and some other details of the biography of an Imperial state official is not a particularly com- plicated task provided that the records are available. Anastasia Fedotova managed to find both the Student file of the future Sir Boris Uvarov and a number of documents concerning his service for the Ministry. Among other Figure 1. Boris Uvarov’s University Transcript title page. Handwritten remarks reveal his imma- documents, there was an excerpt from triculation as an external student in 1906 and change of his status to that of a student in 1907. the Registry book of the Alexander Archival reference: Central State Historical Archive in St. Petersburg (Tsentralnyi Gosudarstven- Nevskii Orthodox church in Uralsk nyi Istoricheskii Arkhiv), Fond 14 (St. Petersburg University), Opis’ 3, Delo 50126. List. 16 – 17. (now Oral, Kazakhstan), which should be considered as the most bell for every orthopterist and he date of birth might be recorded by the authentic evidence pertaining to the needs no special introduction in the Royal Society.” (Wigglesworth 1971, date of birth. In this excerpt, it was Orthopterists’ Society newsletter. An p. 713) stated that “in the chapter No. 203 of outline of his biography based on the Until very recently, this most the male sex, by Titular Counsellor posthumous reports of his associates authoritative account was unchal- Petr Petrov Uvarov and his law- is well-known. However, already lenged. However, in a brief discus- ful wife Alexandra Vukolova, both the very first publications disagreed sion that followed our publication Orthodox, their son Boris is registered over a seemingly minor, but actually (Kouprianov, Fedotova, 2015) of Sir born on the twenty second (22) day of important detail, his date of birth. Boris’s letter to his teacher and friend, October, eighteen hundred eighty six While in the obituary published by the Andrey Semenoff Tian-Shanski (1886), and baptised on the second (2) Anti-locust Research Centre, it was (1866–1942), Professor Sergei Fokin, day of November of the same year.” indicated as November 5, 1888 (Anti- a protozoologist devoting a consider- (Excerpt from Registry book). Locust Research Centre 1970), Sir able share of his research effort to a It is worth noting that, in the date Vincent Wigglesworth, in his obituary study of the history of zoology in the of birth indicated in the excerpt from note published in the Biographical St. Petersburg University, mentioned the registry book, not only the year Memoirs of the Fellows of the Royal a still-different date. In a private com- is different from the one indicated Society, used November 5, 1889, munication, he noted that 1886 was in standard biographies but the day commenting: consistently used as student Boris too. In Russia, the Gregorian Calen- “In the passport issued to Uvarov Uvarov’s birth year in the university dar was adopted from February 14, by the Government of the Republic papers. 1918 on. The difference for the 19th of Georgia, when he was leaving that This demanded some clarification. century comprises 12 days, thus the country for Great Britain in 1920, the November 5, 1889, indeed, posed Gregorian date of birth for Sir Bo- date of birth was given as 5 Novem- certain problems for the interpretation ris is November 3, 1886. Often, the ber 1888. To have tried to correct this of early stages of Sir Boris’s career. dates for this period are written in the error would have caused delay in his Taking 1889 as the basis of the cal- format including both calendars: 22 departure and might even have pre- culations one might conclude that Sir October (3 November) 1886. The date vented it. He was therefore obliged to Boris graduated from the secondary provided by Sir Vincent Wigglesworth use this date in all official papers; but school when he was under 13 (1902), (November 5) does not correspond he took steps to ensure that the true and entered the Higher Mining School to the date of baptism either and is Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 34 METALEPTEA

Figure 2. A band of wingless Moroccan locust crosses a locust-fighters’ Figure 3. Vermorel horse-driven sprayer pumps (reproduced from tent (reproduced from Uvarov 1913). Uvarov 1913). apparently incorrect. A further inquiry and uneasy moments of unpleasant bureaucratic environments (his first in the Archives brought more details choices. Boris Uvarovs’ letters to his position was at the Murgab Entomo- on Sir Boris Uvarov’s early career and friends and colleagues from the early logical Station in Turkmenistan under his activities in the field of applied 1910s kept at the Academy of Sci- the auspices of the Ministry of Impe- entomology in Russia. However, this ences Archive in St. Petersburg reveal rial Court). It was only in Stavropol shift of the most basic dates (frequent- these uneasy early steps of his career. where he managed to put together for ly, the dates of birth and death are the His way to the university diploma was the first time a complex socio-tech- only biographical details communi- anything but smooth. He had to take nical locust control machine, which cated in a brief mention of a person) an extra year at the secondary school involved skilled professionals and for a well-known historical figure has (he attended a second-rate school of modern insecticides, and performed got a merit of its own. It is even more the Ural Cossack Host, and even to markedly better than the old system remarkable as it apparently catches enter a Higher Mining School, an based on local dwellers’ forced labour off-guard those willing to celebrate extra year was needed). His stud- and inefficient ‘mechanical’ means of the 130th anniversary of the Leader of ies at the Higher Mining School in locust extermination. The machine he anti-locust armies (as one of the biog- Ekaterinoslav were interrupted by the time and again rebuilt later in Trans- raphers called him, see Kryzhanovskii revolutionary upheaval of 1905. He caucasia, North Africa, and elsewhere 2001) in 2019. This quasi-anniversary was not readily admitted to the St. – and which made him The Sir Boris date was quietly passed by in the fall Petersburg University because with- Uvarov we know, the Father of Mod- of 2016. out a classical gymnasia background ern Acridology. Perhaps the date of birth itself is not he was allowed to enter as an exter- too important, but, as historians of nal student only, and he had to take Acknowledgments science, we hope that the small ‘do- additional exams in Latin to become The authors are thankful to Dr. Alexandre mestic’ details of the early Uvarov’s a valid, full-time student. Right after Latchininsky for his comments on an biography would allow us to see a live the graduation from the University, early version of this article. person behind an idealised figure of a already burdened with family, he had brilliant scientist and administrator. In to seek employment in a less pres- References Cited Anti-Locust Research Centre. 1970. In our case, Sir Boris Uvarov turns from tigious field of applied entomology. memoriam Sir Boris Uvarov K.C.M.G., F.R.S an unusually single-minded young Already after turning from a zoogeog- (1888–1970). genius led by the providence itself rapher into an applied entomologist, “Excerpt from Registry book”. Archival or, at the very least, by the wisdom he moved to the Stavropol province in reference: Russian State Historical Archive of the imperial state to the inevitable Southern Russia, not because he was (Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii final victory over the locust armies sent there by the wise government as Arkhiv, Fond 398 (Department of Agricul- ture), Opis’ 71, Delo 26020, List. 2. into a youngest of the three sons an experienced anti-locust fighter, but Fedotova, A. A. & Kouprianov, A. V. 2016 of a humble provincial bank clerk. because he was desperately looking “Archival research reveals the true date His early life is full of uncertainty, for better-paid employment to escape of birth of the father of locust phase random walks through blind alleys, from a miserable salary and hostile theory, Sir Boris Uvarov, F. R. S.” Eu-

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 35 METALEPTEA roasian Entomological Journal. 15 (4), and comments”. Istoriko-biologicheskiie against locusts in Stavropol’ province in 321–327. http://www.eco.nsc.ru/EEJ_con- issledovaniia / Studies in the History of 1907-1912] St. Petersburg: Stavropol’ tents/15/201615405.pdf Biology. 7 (4), 124–132 [in Russian] Entomological Bureau. [in Russian]. Kouprianov, A. V. & Fedotova, A. A. 2015 Kryzhanovskii, O. L. 2001. “Polkovodets pro- Wigglesworth, V.B. 1971. “Boris Petrovitch “’...if the English entomologists collected tivosaranchevykh armii [The Leader of the Uvarov. 1889–1970”. Biographical Mem- insects in the quantities collected by our Anti-Locust Armies]”. Priroda. (3), 61–66. oirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 17, own scientists...’: the first letter by Boris [In Russian]. 713–740. Uvarov to Andrey Semenoff Tian-Shanski Uvarov B. P. (1913) Bor’ba s saranchovymi v sent from London, with an introduction Stavropol’skoi gub. v 1907–1912 gg. [Fight

Can we help Orthoptera taxonomy in the tropics? By HUGH ROWELL [email protected] he great majority of your astonishment, that the organism versity lectureship in the ‘60s. Allow biologists have grown has no scientific name; it has not yet me to mention a couple of examples. up and been trained been described. Suddenly you realise I recently was a member of the thesis in the North or South that taxonomy is a valid subject - still! committee of a Ph.D. student in Temperate Zone. For a So, given all the above, can we Makerere who worked on the popula- TT variety of historical and expect to find thriving laboratories of tion ecology of Ugandan forest moths geographical reasons, these zones systematics in the Tropics? Sadly, no - and of forest grasshoppers. Why the have countries that are relatively rich, - tropical graduate students who resist grasshoppers? Simply because I was and have had some academic culture the siren call of fashionable molecu- available periodically to identify them for a considerable time. One of the lar biology training abroad are likely and provide some acridological back- consequences is that there is a general to end up in some branch of applied ground to her work. Now she is the popular knowledge of natural history; ecology, censusing populations of only Ugandan who can identify any of the more obvious parts of the fauna vectors or crop pests, which can plau- the grasshoppers found in her country. and flora are known and named, and sibly be presented to local politicians We would have liked to include some most people assume that it has always and purse-string holders as useful or training in cladistics and working been thus. There is little obvious need conducive to “development”. Some with genitalia, but there was no fund- for further research, and taxonomy of them come to grief because they ing to allow either of us to visit the and systematics are not self-evidently cannot reliably distinguish the taxa other’s laboratory. Another example useful occupations. they come into contact with, or belat- - in 2005, I described in the Journal When the temperate zone biologist edly realise that their study organ- of Orthoptera Research (JOR) a new first goes to the Tropics, he or she is ism is embedded in a vast ecological Ugandan species of the forest grass- faced with a quite unfamiliar situation network that they cannot access, due hopper genus Pterotiltus. That JOR in which none of the above generali- to a lack of knowledge of the relevant article came to the attention of a Cam- sations are true. Most organisms are names. And sometimes, such a young eroonian student busy censusing the unfamiliar and there is no relevant ecologist will feel the need to acquire grasshoppers of the South Cameroon literature to help, apart from the in- taxonomic skills, as an adjunct to plateau, which is about the centre of evitable handbooks of local birds and the techniques he or she already has. distribution of the genus, and last year of flowering trees and shrubs, which Then dawns the realisation that most he wrote to me. Could I advise on are aimed at the “eco-tourist”. Most practising taxonomists are located in where to find literature onPterotiltus people one meets are unfamiliar with the Temperate zone - to say nothing of and how to identify the different spe- local plants and , and if by the type specimens that largely reside cies? No, unfortunately: the genus has chance they do have a name for them, in Temperate Zone Museums - and never been revised, there are only the it is likely to be in an indigenous that there is effectively no source of original descriptions, in a medley of language inaccessible to the visitor. funds to provide access to them. European languages, including Latin. Apart from hunters and traditional I am well aware of this situation, So, we decided to work together and herbalists, no one knows any natural largely because of my 50-plus-year make a revision. The problem was history. If you are persistent and seek connection with Makerere University the airfare. An application to the T. out a local biologist, you may find, to in Uganda, where I held my first uni- Cohn fund of our Society was unsuc- Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 36 METALEPTEA cesful. Eventually, the Cameroonian the “known” species was actually two use of my time. borrowed the money for a return flight or three distinct taxa and discovered I gather that there may be a coming to Switzerland from within his family three more undescribed species in change of heart in the administration - a huge sum for the average Afri- his Cameroon collections. Now he is of the T. Cohn fund, and that in the can family. He duly arrived with his back in Yaoundé, spreading the word future it may make more such “ap- collection in September, I borrowed and the technical know-how, and prenticeship” grants to allow students as many of the Pterotiltus types as I there is a real chance that some of that to work in an established systematics could, and showed him how to dissect amazing and little-known fauna will lab. That would be a very desirable and prepare the phallic complex of soon be competently studied. I regard situation which might have dramatic grasshoppers - and the revision was the month I spent showing him the effects on the discipline. underway. We soon found that one of taxonomic ropes as a very rewarding Report for 2016 OS Board on Membership By DAVID HUNTER Executive Director [email protected] here are currently 522 Membership Management: Re- Expanding our membership has been entries in our member- minders for Membership dues are a perennial problem. The fact that ship database and 1,800 sent out in late March, which is after there are 1,800 members of our Face- people who are involved Pamm Mihm’s end of financial year book page means that there are many in the Orthopterists’ So- busy period. A second set of remind- people with at least some interest in TT ciety Facebook page. ers for those who did not pay on the Orthoptera. Metaleptea is posted on Of the 522 entries, only about half first round is sent out with either the the Facebook page as a good adver- are current members (264). While May or September Metaleptea and tisement for our Society and what we some have officially resigned, there this usually picks up more. Member- are involved in. Exactly how to get has been no contact with many oth- ship dues collected January through more Facebook members to become ers for 3 years. Some of these have mid-September, 2016 were $3,700 members of our Orthopterists’ Soci- moved or changed their emails, for membership and $2,700 for JOR ety is uncertain, but many societies though I have found some of the latter either as print copy plus online or are finding that there are many more through Google or Linked-in. online only. Note that students and people on Facebook than in the soci- Membership has been quite consis- concessional members have JOR ety itself. tent over the past 6 years according to included in their $10 membership. the records on the File Maker Pro da- tabase--2011: 240; 2012: 259; 2013: 255; 2014: 246; 2015: 254, 2016: 264. I have counted as Members those who have paid in the current year, plus those who paid in the past year, plus Life (18) and Emeritus (17) mem- bers. I have found that most of those that have not paid for one year have just forgotten and do pay at the next reminder. North America (NAM: 90) and Western Europe (WEU: 64) have the largest memberships. And of the current 264 members, 170 receive the Journal of Orthoptera Research (JOR) as print copies (plus have ac- cess to JOR online) while another 65 only receive JOR online. A proscopiid found during a day trip to Cachoeira do Tijuipe during ICO 2016

Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 37 METALEPTEA Report for 2016 OS Board on Investments and Earnings By DAVID HUNTER Executive Director [email protected] PAMM MIHM Treasurer [email protected]

his report is an outline of Award account, a $25.7K Research of worldwide equities how the generous $1.24 Grant account, a $60.7K Operating 3. Vanguard: Intermediate & High million in gifts from account, and a $23.0K endowment Yield Bonds--medium-high grade the Ted and Jean Cohn fund. bonds (VFIDX), along with some estate were initially Ted Cohn’s gifts consisted of $400K high yield bonds (VWEHX) TT invested, and earnings in late 2013 and another $840K in 4. Wells Fargo: Preferred Securi- used, to enhance the activities of the late 2014. To the Research Grant ties (PGF)-- Shares likely to give Orthopterists’ Society which Ted account were added $200K from each more dividend income spent so much effort to promote. The of the Ted Cohn gifts, giving a total of 5. Wells Fargo: ISHARES Core US investments were in a range of funds $425.7K. These funds are restricted Value (IUSV): Shares likely to with a strategy of spreading the risk for use to fund the Research Grants, increase in value over different investment classes and, which Ted supported for many years, 6. Money Market Funds: So as to during 2015, included investment of and which are now called the Theo- have a readily available source of earnings in lower risk money market dore J. Cohn Research Grants in his cash even at times of market vola- funds as an insurance against times honor. To the Operating account tility (and during times of decline of stock market decline and gave were added $185K from the first and as during 2008), it was decided in a source of immediately-available $640K from the second of Ted Cohn mid 2015 that earnings from the funds. Until we had a clearer idea as gifts giving a total of $885.6K. Of above Vanguard funds (but not to how much the investments earned, the Ted Cohn gifts of $1.240 mil- increases in value) be placed in the initial decision was to spend only lion, $15K went to cover immediate a Vanguard Money Market Fund earnings from the investments, but in expenses for grants and operations in while earnings from the Wells 2016, the Board decided that when a early 2014, and the remaining $1.225 Fargo investments go into Wells particularly worthy project comes up, million were invested. Fargo money market accounts. then some moneys can be drawn from These funds remain as Reserve the principal: with a limit of 3% of the The investment strategy for Cash Fund until required to cover principal in a given 12-month period Orthopterists’ Society moneys immediate and short-term expens- and a total of 6% in any 3-year period. The moneys in both the “Restricted” es. When required, they can be Research Grant accounts and the quickly transferred to the Work- The Orthopterists’ Society financial “Unrestricted” Operations accounts, ing Cash account for ready use. position after the Ted Cohn gifts were invested in a range of funds with The Orthopterists’ Society is in an a strategy of spreading the risk over The initial investments and track- excellent financial position in having: different investment classes: ing of changes in value 2014-2016 • University of Illinois allocation, 1. Vanguard: National Stock Market Table 1 outlines the sources of the which is used to fund the Orthop- Index Fund (VTSAX)—wide initial investments at Vanguard and terists’ Species File range of U.S. equities Wells Fargo, which totaled $1.345.3 • Endowment from a former Board 2. Vanguard: International Stock In- million. member that funds most costs of dex Fund (VTIAX)—wide range the Treasurer Table 1. Amounts in Investments: Initial investment was $1,345.3K consisting of: • Ted Cohn gifts of $400,000 and $840,000 AAAI Uvarov Award acct: 10.9K initial 10.9K Prior to the first of the Ted Cohn Research grant acct: 25.7K initial + 200K st1 T Cohn gift + 200K nd2 gift = 425.7K gifts, the Orthopterists’ Society Van- Operations acct: 60.7K initial + 185Kst 1 T Cohn gift + 640K nd2 gift = 885.7K guard and Wells Fargo investments Endowment acct: 23.0K totaled $120.3K: a $10.9K Uvarov Total initial investment $1.345.3K Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 38 METALEPTEA Since the time of the investments, Table 2. Changes in the amounts in the Vanguard and Wells Fargo Accounts since the there has been some variation in the time of the initial investments in late 2014. amounts in the funds: the initial in- vestment of $1.345 million increased Date Total of all Reserve Cash in Working Cash to $1.405 million by March 2015 then Investments Investment Accounts Account Initial investment 1,345,322 0 11,179 declined to $1.322 million by Sept Dec 2014 1,373,944 0 15,179 2015 (Table 2). As mentioned above, March 2015 1,405,574 0 10,603 it was decided that, with the need for June 2015 1,403,156 0 23,357 certainty in the availability of funds, Sept 2015 1,321,966 10,913 14,016 especially at times of International Dec 2015 1,368,968 18,984 10,733 Congresses, the investment earn- March 2016 1,388,597 24,006 12,906 ings for each quarter be moved into June 2016 1,380,704 6,905 42,203 Reserve Cash Funds, with separate accounts that are used for society once every three years at the Congress accounts for grants and operations. operations. and $5-7k/yr is set aside to cover $15- From the time the Reserve Cash 20K of Congress expenses. funds were set up in August 2015, “Restricted” Research Grant Ac- This gives a total ~$17.5-19.5K/yr the amount in these Reserve funds count for these three expenses. This leaves gradually increased and in May 2016, Each year, ~$15K is used to fund some room to fund additional worthy the Reserve moneys available at the the Theodore J. Cohn Research projects. At the Board meeting it was time ($39K) were transferred to the Grants. The $15K is about 3.5% of decided that a priority is the upgrad- Working Cash Account to fund the the $425K “Restricted” Research ing of the Journal of Orthoptera 2016 Research Grants and Congress Grant Accounts, which is the level of Research, so that it earns an impact expenses: that meant that there was earnings we might expect on average. factor. A number of options are being $42.2K in the Working Cash Account It has been noted that in the past investigated and there are funds avail- by the end of June 2016 (Table 2). there have been relatively few ap- able to support such options as part of plications for Research Grants from advancing our journal. Board Decisions on the strategy for certain regions, particularly Africa As well, it is important that we give Spending of Investments and Asia: and it is there that a grant some support to those who really can- Until we had a good idea as to the can be particularly valuable in that it not afford to come to the Congress- rate of investment earnings, it was can have high purchasing power lo- -such support was regularly provided initially decided that only funds in cally. Regional representatives could by Ted Cohn, as the “Anonymous excess of that could be spent. Market contact people as part of encouraging Donor”. So we could have 5-10 travel volatility might mean total funds go more applications from students and grants of several thousand dollars below this base amount of $1.345.3 m young researchers in their regions. mainly for students, but we reserve ($1.345 m rounded off) at times, but some for young professionals and funds were to be restored as soon as “Unrestricted” Operating Accounts members from developing countries possible. Initially, there was $886K invested that have insufficient funds for travel However spending only earnings in the “Unrestricted” accounts: these to our Congress. As part of increasing could be considered a false economy funds can be used for society opera- the visibility of our Society, support because the purchasing power of the tions and at a 3.5% earning rate; the could be provided for symposia at funds will gradually erode because earnings might be expected to be just other meetings, such as the recent and of inflation. Therefore, at the 2016 over $30K per year on average. In very successful presentations at the Board meeting, it was decided that, the past few years, $10K/year has 2016 International Congress of En- while the principle of mainly spend- been to cover operational expenses tomology (ICE). And we could also ing only earnings continues, when a (~$40K) that are not quite covered by support other worthy projects, includ- particularly worthy project comes up, income from Dues (3.7K), Journal of ing the publication of high quality then some moneys can be drawn from Orthoptera Research (JOR) subscrip- books on Orthoptera. the principal: with a limit of 3% of the tions ($2.7K) and Publications/JOR The aim will be to use the generous principal in a given 12 month period Royalties (24K). In addition, each legacy that we have in ways that en- and a total of 6% in any 3 year period. year $2.5K is set aside to cover the sure sustained growth for our Orthop- The moneys invested are in two $7,500 worth of Awards (2 x $2,500 terists’ Society. separate parts: “Restricted” accounts for Young Professional Awards and that are used only for the Ted Cohn the $2,500 Uvarov Award) presented Research Grants and “Unrestricted” Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 39 METALEPTEA Treasurer’s Report By PAMELA MIHM Treasurer [email protected] he Statement of Assets as of December 31, 2016 and the 2016 Summary of Cash Receipts and Expenditures are shown below. The largest cash activity was in support of the Orthoptera Species File. This is funded by an allocation of endowment income from the University of Illinois. The second largest use of cash was pub- lishing the Journal of Orthoptera Research. This activity operated at a deficit in 2016 due to a substantial decline in royalty and revenue sharing. You will note that the Society made a $10,700 contribution to the TT Congress in Ilheus and incurred $14,379 in travel costs for the Congress. These Congress costs are not an annual obligation and will occur every three years as the Congress is currently scheduled. The financial position of the Society has been greatly enhanced by the generous bequest from Dr. Theodore Cohn and from generous contributions over the years from other members. If you have any questions, please contact me at [email protected]. Orthopterists’ Society Orthopterists’ Society Statement of Cash Receipts and Expenditures Statement of Assets (1/1/16 through 12/31/16) (As of December 31, 2016)

Cash Receipts Cash Dues $4,090.00 Paypal cash balance $281.69 Publications 3,080.00 Midland States Bank 4,128.44 Page charges 276.00 $4,410.13 Community Foundation endowment 8,625.94 Royalty and revenue sharing 17,328.47 Investments at market value Book reimbursements 240.00 Vanguard: Donations 230.00 Grants (Note 1) $370,801.38 Transfer cash from Vanguard & Wells Fargo 47,544.02 Operating (Note 2) 714,890.62 Proceeds from sale of investments 12,000.00 1,085,692.00 Contribution for OSF grants 10,000.00 Wells Fargo: University of Illinois allocation 100,000.00 AAAI (Note 3) 11,555.37 Total Cash Receipts $203,414.43 Endowment (Note 4) 28,070.40 Operating (Note 2) 224,638.17 Cash Expenditures Grants (Note 1) 71,999.00 Publisher JOR $4,735.44 336,262.94 JOR assistance 21,000.06 Total assets $1,426,365.07 Research grants (Ted Cohn) 11,967.00 Executive director remuneration 1,500.00 Ed. Metaleptea remuneration 1,500.00 Note 1: This fund is restricted and can only be used Webmaster remuneration 300.00 for research grants. JOR editor remuneration 3,000.00 Note 2: This fund is nonrestricted. Maintenance of Orthoptera Species File 77,000.00 Note 3: This fund can only be used for the Uvarov Grants-Orthoptera Species File 35,131.00 Award made at each int’l meeting. Professional fees 6,295.00 Note 4: The income in this account is available for (income tax preparation and audit) Society expenses; can extract capital but must have Accounting reimbursement 12,000.00 a plan for repaying it within 3 years. OS retractable banners 519.35 ICE 2016 speaker travel expense 2,107.25 Contribution to Ilheus Congress 10,700.00 Travel-Int’l Congress 14,378.62 Uvarov Award 2,500.00 Young Professional Award 2,500.00 Other 3,004.91 Total Cash Expenditures $210,138.63

Excess of Cash Receipts over Cash Expenditures $(6,724.20) Beginning Cash Balance 11,134.33 Ending Cash Balance $4,410.13 Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 40 METALEPTEA because they live in countries with as our Associate Editor, Derek A. Editorial limited funding for science or the Woller, for his continued assistance in By HOJUN SONG technology is not easily approachable. the editorial process. Derek recently Editor, Metaleptea I believe that this sort of issue is not joined the USDA: APHIS, PPQ, [email protected] intractable and our society has a role CPHST as part of their Rangeland to play to address the problem. Maybe Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket he International Congress that is the next challenge where a Management Team, so please drop a of Orthopterology is my new vision is needed. I think Hugh’s line to congratulate him. favorite scientific meet- article also echoes this sentiment. To publish in Metaleptea, please ing, which I have attend- As always, this issue is full of inter- send your contribution to hsong@ ed continuously since the esting contents, including the recaps tamu.edu with a subject line starting T Montpellier meeting in T of ICO 2016, ICE 2016, OIRSA meet- with [Metaleptea]. As for the format, 2001. I have participated in this meet- ing, and more. This is probably one of a MS Word document is preferred and ing as a graduate student, as a post- the largest issues in recent years. As images should be in JPEG or TIFF doc, and as a professor with my own you can read, we are a vibrant society format with a resolution of at least students. At every meeting, I have with a lot of things happening around 144 DPI. The next issue of Metalep- met new orthopterists who have since the world. I believe that we have a tea will be published in May of 2017, become my friends and colleagues. bright future ahead of us. so please send me content promptly. So, for me, this meeting is more than I would like to thank all those who I look forward to hearing from you just a scientific meeting, but more like have contributed to this issue as well soon! a reunion. I am sure many of us feel this way. The sense of community is something that I have always felt with Officers of the Orthopterists’ Society my fellow orthopterists. The Orthopterists’ Society is the President: Alexandre Latchininsky, Department of Ecosystem Science best taxon-based society within the and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA. field of entomology. There is no other [email protected] insect society that supports as many President-Elect: David Hunter, Locust and Grasshopper Control, students and young researchers as we 125 William Webb Drive, McKellar ACT 2617 Australia. do, has a comprehensive taxonomic [email protected] database as we do, or has a financial Executive Director: David Hunter, Locust and Grasshopper Control, situation as robust as we do. We might 125 William Webb Drive, McKellar ACT 2617 Australia. not be as large as coleopterists or [email protected] lepidopterists, but we do everything Treasurer: Pamm Mihm, 2417 Fields South Drive, Champaign, IL 61822 better. How have we achieved this USA. [email protected]. feat? It is all because of our mem- Managing Editor JOR: Corinna S. Bazelet, Department of Conservation bers. Our members truly care about Ecology & Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South the future of our society and the field Africa. [email protected] of orthopterology. Throughout the Editorial Assistant JOR: Nancy Morris, Department of Biology, University society’s history, many of the mem- of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada. bers have been visionaries, in terms of [email protected] developing and maintaining amazing Manager Orthopterists’ Society Website: Piotr Naskrecki, Museum of tools such as OSF as well as finan- Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. cially supporting the society through [email protected] generous endowments. I am so proud Associate Manager OS Website: David C.F. Rentz, 19 Butler Dr., Kuranda, to be a part of this great society. Queensland, Australia. [email protected] At the ICO meeting in Brazil, I met Editor Metaleptea: Hojun Song, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M many young orthopterists who were University, College Station, TX, USA. [email protected] eager to learn and conduct high- Associate Editor Metaleptea: Derek A. Woller, USDA: APHIS, PPQ, impact research, but also quite limited CPHST-Phoenix Lab, AZ, USA. [email protected] in obtaining necessary resources. It Orthoptera Species File Officer: María Marta Cigliano, División is disheartening to see bright young Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, orthopterists not able to do the types La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] of research they desire to conduct just The Ted Cohn Research Fund Manager: Michel Lecoq, CIRAD, France. [email protected] Volume 37 (1) / January 2017 41