DOCSLIB.ORG

(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Cuba and Hispaniola, Greater Antilles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Cuba and Hispaniola, Greater Antilles Ecologica Montenegrina 20: 222-256 (2019) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5BDFDF5E-EBC5-4547-8488-C7563F1C21DF Three new genera and four new species of katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Cuba and Hispaniola, Greater Antilles SHEYLA YONG Grupo de Sistemática y Ecología de Artrópodos Caribeños Calle 200 # 3759, e/ 37 y 45, Reparto Versalles; La Lisa 13500; La Habana. Cuba E-mail: [email protected] Received 21 February 2019 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 25 March 2019 │ Published online 31 March 2019. Abstract Three new genera and four new species of katydids belonging to the subfamilies Conocephalinae (Copiphorini) and Pseudophyllinae (Cocconotini) are described from Cuba and Hispaniola. Fully illustrated descriptions and detailed comparisons are provided, as well as precise distribution maps and color photographs of habitus, main diagnostic structures and habitat. Key words: Conocephalinae, Copiphorini, Pseudophyllinae, Cocconotini, taxonomy, new taxa, new records, Neotropics. Introduction The katydid fauna of the Greater Antilles is currently composed by 68 nominal species, 67 of them living taxa plus a single amber fossil (Perez-Gelabert, 2008; Yong & Perez-Gelabert, 2014; Cigliano et al., 2018). Recent field studies conducted by the author and her collaborators in Cuba and Hispaniola have yielded many new species of Orthoptera. As another part of the ongoing revision of Caribbean orthopteroids by the author, here are described some of them, i.e., three new genera and four new species. The presented descriptions are thorough and fully complemented by complete collecting data and high-resolution photographs, plus detailed taxonomic comparisons for every taxon. Materials and methods The katydids were detected mainly on the vegetation by direct nocturnal visual search, with the aid of standard white LED headlamps. Once spotted, high resolution, full-color digital photographs were taken (habitat included) with a Nikon Coolpix S8100 digital camera. Then, all specimens were sacrificed by either exposition to 70% ethanol vapors or immersion in the same liquid; final preservation was made either in 80% Ecologica Montenegrina, 20, 2019, 222-256 YONG ethanol or dry-pinned. Collecting and identification labels were laser-printed in Spanish, but transcribed into English here. The specimens were studied and measured under an AmScope SM-1T-PL LED trinocular stereomicroscope, equipped with a 20x calibrated line scale ocular micrometer. All microscopic photographs were taken with a Nikon Coolpix S8100 digital camera attached to the upper ocular tube of the microscope. Photographs of habitus were taken with a Nikon Coolpix B500. Images were processed with Adobe Photoshop CS5, only for contrast and brightness optimization, background cleanup and plate composition. As for the measurements, the interocular distance corresponds to the shortest straight line between the facing eye margins. Fastigium width was taken at its base. Distribution maps were constructed in Mapinfo Professional 10.0, using precise coordinates either taken in situ with a portable GPS device (Datum WGS84) or extracted from 1: 25,000 military reference maps. All along the text, counts are given as fractions for left/right sides. Some data were verified using the Orthoptera Species File Online (OSF), version 5.0/5.0 (Cigliano et al., 2019). Repositories are abbreviated using the following acronyms: IES: Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Havana, Cuba. MNHNCu: Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba, Havana, Cuba. FZ: Fernando de Zayas private collection (formerly at Havana, Cuba, current whereabouts unknown). SY: Personal collection of Sheyla Yong, Havana, Cuba. Systematics Family Tettigoniidae Krauss, 1902 Subfamily Conocephalinae Burmeister, 1838 Tribe Copiphorini Karny, 1912 Genus Erioloides Hebard, 1927 Erioloides santiago new species Figures 1–3, 15, 19, 22. Table I "Genus unknown 6": Yong & Perez-Gelabert, 2014: 427. Types. CUBA: Santiago de Cuba Province: Santiago de Cuba Municipality: Baconao: Playa Verraco (19°53'34"N - 75°34'32"W, 10 m a.s.l.); 18/April/2017; at night, on bushes; S. Yong, R. Teruel, E. Fonseca, J. L. Reyes; molted to adult on 20/May/2017; 1♀ holotype (SY, in ethanol 80%). Same data as holotype, but molted to adult on 5/June/2017; 1♀ paratype (SY, in ethanol 80%). Siboney (19°57'56"N - 75°42'38"W, 125 m a.s.l.); diurnal net-sweeping of vegetation; 25/October/2017; B. Lauranzón, J. L. Reyes; 1♀ juvenile paratype (SY, in ethanol 80%). Suburbs of Santiago de Cuba City; no more data; 1♀ paratype (SY, dry pinned). Palma Soriano Municipality: Presa Charco Mono (20°04'54"N -76°00'31"W, 300 m a.s.l.); 8/December/ 2017; S. Yong, R. Teruel; 1 ♀ juvenile paratype (SY, in ethanol 80%). Additional material examined. CUBA: Camagüey Province: Santa Cruz del Sur Municipality: Archipiélago de los Jardines de la Reina: Cayo Anclitas (20°46'54"N - 78°54'42"W, 2 m a.s.l.); 2/May/1971; L. F. de Armas; 1♂ (IES, dry pinned). Las Tunas: Manatí Municipality: Puerto Manatí (21°21'41"N - 76°49'34"W, 2 m a.s.l.); December/1988; L. R. Hernández; 1♂ (MNHNCu, dry pinned). Province Santiago de Cuba Province: Santiago de Cuba Municipality: Santiago de Cuba City; February/1930; P. Alayo; 1♂ (FZ, dry pinned). Cuabitas (20°03'59"N - 75°48'20"W, 120 m a.s.l.); January/1952; 1♀ (FZ, dry pinned). Versalles (20°03'59"N - 75°48'20"W, 100 m a.s.l.); June/ 1971; I. García; 1♀ (IES, dry pinned). Note. See additional discussion on these specimens below, in Remarks section. Diagnosis (Based mostly on females). Body slender and medium-sized for the genus (18–19 mm). Both sexes macropterous, tegmina lanceolate, over 4.0 times the length of abdomen. Head with tegument coarsely and densely punctate, lacking any keels. Fastigium moderately short (slightly shorter than scapus length), shaped as an equilateral triangle in lateral view and with tip acute. Eyes small and spherical. Pronotum almost as long as wide, coarsely punctate; longitudinal sulcus inconspicuous. Legs moderately slender, Ecologica Montenegrina, 20, 2019, 222-256 223 THREE NEW GENERA AND FOUR NEW SPECIES OF KATYDIDS FROM CUBA AND HISPANIOLA ventrally armed with minute spines. Supra-anal plate basically paraboloid, much wider than long; posterior margin trilobed. Female cerci unmodified, conical. Subgenital plate wider than long; posterior margin apically with two lateral digitiform projections and a median notch. Ovipositor broad and slightly curved upwards, slightly longer than abdomen; dorsal and ventral edges entirely smooth; tip blunt and truncate. Upper valves with a file of stretches along its dorsal edge. Figure 1. Adult female holotype of Erioloides santiago n. sp., full-body views: a) dorsal; b) lateral; c) ventral. Scale bar in millimeters. 224 YONG Figure 2. Adult female holotype of Erioloides santiago n. sp., close-up views: a) head and pronotum, dorsal; b) head and pronotum, lateral; c) head, frontal; d) apex of abdomen, dorsal; e) apex of abdomen, ventral; f) Sternites; g) apex of abdomen and ovipositor, lateral. Etymology. The selected epithet is a noun in apposition, taken from the toponym of both the province and municipality where the type-locality of this species is enclaved. Description of adult female holotype. Size medium for the tribe (total length 18.5 mm). General coloration pale green except as follows: eyes bluish gray, central ocellus white; antennal sockets, border of fastigium and face punctations yellowish. Head dorsally with a thin whitish yellow line extending from behind the eyes through the lateral borders of pronotum; clypeus yellowish to whitish, with a black U-shaped mark; labrum whitish, progressively darkened to brownish orange apically; mandibles and maxillary palps brownish orange, labial palps whitish. Tegmina with veins pale yellow, forming a reticulate pattern. Legs green, except for brownish tympani and tarsi; metafemur and metatibia dorsally with a yellowish sheen. Apex of ovipositor dark reddish brown. See figures 1, 15 and table I. Ecologica Montenegrina, 20, 2019, 222-256 225 THREE NEW GENERA AND FOUR NEW SPECIES OF KATYDIDS FROM CUBA AND HISPANIOLA Table I. Measurements of type specimens of Erioloides santiago n. sp from Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W), depth (H), not applicable (NA). Dimensions (mm) Female holotype Female paratype Head L / W / H 3.25 / 5.40 / 6.15 3.50 / 5.75 / 6.25 Interocular distance L 2.25 2.50 Eye diameter L 1.10 1.15 Scapus L / W 1.60 / 0.90 1.90 / 0.80 Pedicel L / W 0.65 / 0.45 0.70 / 0.40 Fastigium L / W / H 1.25 / 1.10 / 1.25 1.70 / 1.15 / 1.25 Pronotum L / W 6.65 / 6.50 6.85 / 6.35 Tegmen L / W 32.30 / 6.00 35.00 / 5.85 Abdomen L 8.60 8.50 Cerci L / W 2.10 / 0.40 2.10 / 0.45 Tergite X L / W 1.50 / 2.55 0.80 / 2.40 Supra-anal plate L / W 0.55 / 2.50 0.30 / 1.50 Subgenital plate L / W 1.40 / 3.05 1.65 / 2.55 Styli L / W NA NA Ovipositor L / W 11.25 / 2.35 13.00 / 2.60 Profemur L / W 5.50 / 1.50 5.50 / 1.60 Protibia L 6.25 6.25 Mesofemur L / W 5.40 / 1.45 5.50 / 1.55 Mesotibia L 11.35 6.30 Metafemur L / W 13.00 / 2.30 13.05 / 2.50 Metatibia L 13.15 13.75 Body (total) L 18.50 18.85 Head (fig. 2a–c). Large, wider than long (ratio = 1.6). Tegument coarsely and densely punctate. Vertex flat in lateral view. Fastigium moderately short, pentagonal in dorsal view, triangular in lateral view and hexagonal in frontal view; tip slightly shorter than scapus and acute but not sharp.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Orthoptera: Ensifera) in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh Shah HA Mahdi*, Meherun Nesa, Manzur-E-Mubashsira Ferdous, Mursalin Ahmed
    Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences Abbreviated Key Title: Sch Acad J Biosci ISSN 2347-9515 (Print) | ISSN 2321-6883 (Online) Zoology Journal homepage: https://saspublishers.com/sajb/ Species Abundance, Occurrence and Diversity of Cricket Fauna (Orthoptera: Ensifera) in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh Shah HA Mahdi*, Meherun Nesa, Manzur-E-Mubashsira Ferdous, Mursalin Ahmed Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2020.v08i09.003 | Received: 06.09.2020 | Accepted: 14.09.2020 | Published: 25.09.2020 *Corresponding author: Shah H. A. Mahdi Abstract Original Research Article The present study was done to assess the species abundance, monthly occurrence and diversity of cricket fauna (Orthoptera: Ensifera) in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. A total number of 283 individuals of cricket fauna were collected and they were identified into three families, six genera and seven species. The collected specimens belonged to three families such as Gryllidae (166), Tettigoniidae (59) and Gryllotalpidae (58). The seven species and their relative abundance were viz. Gryllus texensis (36.40%), Gryllus campestris (18.37%), Lepidogryllus comparatus (3.89%), Neoconocephalus palustris (9.89%), Scudderia furcata (4.95%), Montezumina modesta (6.01%) and Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (20.49%). Among them, highest population with dominance was Gryllus texensis (103) and lowest population was Lepidogryllus comparatus (11). Among the collected species, the status of Gryllus texensis, Gryllus campestris and Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa were very common (VC); Neoconocephalus palustris and Montezumina modesta were fairly common (FC) and Lepidogryllus comparatus and Scudderia furcata were considered as rare (R). Base on monthly occurrence 2 species of cricket were found throughout 12 months, 2 were 9-11 months, 2 were 6-8 months and 1 was 3-5 months.
    [Show full text]
  • THE QUARTERLY REVIEW of BIOLOGY
    VOL. 43, NO. I March, 1968 THE QUARTERLY REVIEW of BIOLOGY LIFE CYCLE ORIGINS, SPECIATION, AND RELATED PHENOMENA IN CRICKETS BY RICHARD D. ALEXANDER Museum of Zoology and Departmentof Zoology The Universityof Michigan,Ann Arbor ABSTRACT Seven general kinds of life cycles are known among crickets; they differ chieff,y in overwintering (diapause) stage and number of generations per season, or diapauses per generation. Some species with broad north-south ranges vary in these respects, spanning wholly or in part certain of the gaps between cycles and suggesting how some of the differences originated. Species with a particular cycle have predictable responses to photoperiod and temperature regimes that affect behavior, development time, wing length, bod)• size, and other characteristics. Some polymorphic tendencies also correlate with habitat permanence, and some are influenced by population density. Genera and subfamilies with several kinds of life cycles usually have proportionately more species in temperate regions than those with but one or two cycles, although numbers of species in all widely distributed groups diminish toward the higher lati­ tudes. The tendency of various field cricket species to become double-cycled at certain latitudes appears to have resulted in speciation without geographic isolation in at least one case. Intermediate steps in this allochronic speciation process are illustrated by North American and Japanese species; the possibility that this process has also occurred in other kinds of temperate insects is discussed. INTRODUCTION the Gryllidae at least to the Jurassic Period (Zeuner, 1939), and many of the larger sub­ RICKETS are insects of the Family families and genera have spread across two Gryllidae in the Order Orthoptera, or more continents.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description
    Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description Prepared by: Michael A. Kost, Dennis A. Albert, Joshua G. Cohen, Bradford S. Slaughter, Rebecca K. Schillo, Christopher R. Weber, and Kim A. Chapman Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O. Box 13036 Lansing, MI 48901-3036 For: Michigan Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division and Forest, Mineral and Fire Management Division September 30, 2007 Report Number 2007-21 Version 1.2 Last Updated: July 9, 2010 Suggested Citation: Kost, M.A., D.A. Albert, J.G. Cohen, B.S. Slaughter, R.K. Schillo, C.R. Weber, and K.A. Chapman. 2007. Natural Communities of Michigan: Classification and Description. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report Number 2007-21, Lansing, MI. 314 pp. Copyright 2007 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status or family status. Cover photos: Top left, Dry Sand Prairie at Indian Lake, Newaygo County (M. Kost); top right, Limestone Bedrock Lakeshore, Summer Island, Delta County (J. Cohen); lower left, Muskeg, Luce County (J. Cohen); and lower right, Mesic Northern Forest as a matrix natural community, Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park, Ontonagon County (M. Kost). Acknowledgements We thank the Michigan Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division and Forest, Mineral, and Fire Management Division for funding this effort to classify and describe the natural communities of Michigan. This work relied heavily on data collected by many present and former Michigan Natural Features Inventory (MNFI) field scientists and collaborators, including members of the Michigan Natural Areas Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Survey of Four Longleaf Pine Preserves
    A SURVEY OF THE MOTHS, BUTTERFLIES, AND GRASSHOPPERS OF FOUR NATURE CONSERVANCY PRESERVES IN SOUTHEASTERN NORTH CAROLINA Stephen P. Hall and Dale F. Schweitzer November 15, 1993 ABSTRACT Moths, butterflies, and grasshoppers were surveyed within four longleaf pine preserves owned by the North Carolina Nature Conservancy during the growing season of 1991 and 1992. Over 7,000 specimens (either collected or seen in the field) were identified, representing 512 different species and 28 families. Forty-one of these we consider to be distinctive of the two fire- maintained communities principally under investigation, the longleaf pine savannas and flatwoods. An additional 14 species we consider distinctive of the pocosins that occur in close association with the savannas and flatwoods. Twenty nine species appear to be rare enough to be included on the list of elements monitored by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (eight others in this category have been reported from one of these sites, the Green Swamp, but were not observed in this study). Two of the moths collected, Spartiniphaga carterae and Agrotis buchholzi, are currently candidates for federal listing as Threatened or Endangered species. Another species, Hemipachnobia s. subporphyrea, appears to be endemic to North Carolina and should also be considered for federal candidate status. With few exceptions, even the species that seem to be most closely associated with savannas and flatwoods show few direct defenses against fire, the primary force responsible for maintaining these communities. Instead, the majority of these insects probably survive within this region due to their ability to rapidly re-colonize recently burned areas from small, well-dispersed refugia.
    [Show full text]
  • Singleton Molecular Species Delimitation Based on COI-5P
    Zhou et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2019) 19:79 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1404-5 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Singleton molecular species delimitation based on COI-5P barcode sequences revealed high cryptic/undescribed diversity for Chinese katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) Zhijun Zhou*, Huifang Guo, Li Han, Jinyan Chai, Xuting Che and Fuming Shi* Abstract Background: DNA barcoding has been developed as a useful tool for species discrimination. Several sequence- based species delimitation methods, such as Barcode Index Number (BIN), REfined Single Linkage (RESL), Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), a Java program uses an explicit, determinate algorithm to define Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (jMOTU), Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), and Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes model (bPTP), were used. Our aim was to estimate Chinese katydid biodiversity using standard DNA barcode cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI-5P) sequences. Results: Detection of a barcoding gap by similarity-based analyses and clustering-base analyses indicated that 131 identified morphological species (morphospecies) were assigned to 196 BINs and were divided into four categories: (i) MATCH (83/131 = 64.89%), morphospecies were a perfect match between morphospecies and BINs (including 61 concordant BINs and 22 singleton BINs); (ii) MERGE (14/131 = 10.69%), morphospecies shared its unique BIN with other species; (iii) SPLIT (33/131 = 25.19%, when 22 singleton species were excluded, it rose to 33/109 = 30.28%), morphospecies were placed in more than one BIN; (iv) MIXTURE (4/131 = 5.34%), morphospecies showed a more complex partition involving both a merge and a split. Neighbor-joining (NJ) analyses showed that nearly all BINs and most morphospecies formed monophyletic cluster with little variation.
    [Show full text]
  • Primer Registro De Neoconocephalus Triops (L.) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) En Los Estados Falcón Y Mérida, Venezuela
    ISSN 1021-0296 REVISTA NICARAGUENSE DE ENTOMOLOGIA N° 216 Noviembre 2020 Primer registro de Neoconocephalus triops (L.) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) en los estados Falcón y Mérida, Venezuela Dalmiro Cazorla, Maritza Alarcón & Pedro Morales Moreno PUBLICACIÓN DEL MUSEO ENTOMOLÓGICO ASOCIACIÓN NICARAGÜENSE DE ENTOMOLOGÍA LEÓN - - - NICARAGUA Revista Nicaragüense de Entomología. Número 216. 2020. La Revista Nicaragüense de Entomología (ISSN 1021-0296) es una publicación reconocida en la Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal (Red ALyC). Todos los artículos que en ella se publican son sometidos a un sistema de doble arbitraje por especialistas en el tema. The Revista Nicaragüense de Entomología (ISSN 1021-0296) is a journal listed in the Latin-American Index of Scientific Journals. Two independent specialists referee all published papers. Consejo Editorial Jean Michel Maes Fernando Hernández-Baz Editor General Editor Asociado Museo Entomológico Universidad Veracruzana Nicaragua México José Clavijo Albertos Silvia A. Mazzucconi Universidad Central de Universidad de Buenos Aires Venezuela Argentina Weston Opitz Don Windsor Kansas Wesleyan University Smithsonian Tropical Research United States of America Institute, Panama Fernando Fernández Jack Schuster Universidad Nacional de Universidad del Valle de Colombia Guatemala Julieta Ledezma Olaf Hermann Hendrik Museo de Historia Natural “Noel Mielke Kempf” Universidade Federal do Bolivia Paraná, Brasil _______________ Foto de la portada: Neoconocephalus
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 188/Monday, September 28, 2020
    Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 188 / Monday, September 28, 2020 / Notices 60855 comment letters on the Proposed Rule Proposed Rule Change and to take that the Secretary of State has identified Change.4 action on the Proposed Rule Change. as a property that is owned or controlled On May 21, 2020, pursuant to Section Accordingly, pursuant to Section by the Cuban government, a prohibited 19(b)(2) of the Act,5 the Commission 19(b)(2)(B)(ii)(II) of the Act,12 the official of the Government of Cuba as designated a longer period within which Commission designates November 26, defined in § 515.337, a prohibited to approve, disapprove, or institute 2020, as the date by which the member of the Cuban Communist Party proceedings to determine whether to Commission should either approve or as defined in § 515.338, a close relative, approve or disapprove the Proposed disapprove the Proposed Rule Change as defined in § 515.339, of a prohibited Rule Change.6 On June 24, 2020, the SR–NSCC–2020–003. official of the Government of Cuba, or a Commission instituted proceedings For the Commission, by the Division of close relative of a prohibited member of pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated the Cuban Communist Party when the 7 Act, to determine whether to approve authority.13 terms of the general or specific license or disapprove the Proposed Rule J. Matthew DeLesDernier, expressly exclude such a transaction. 8 Change. The Commission received Assistant Secretary. Such properties are identified on the additional comment letters on the State Department’s Cuba Prohibited [FR Doc.
    [Show full text]
  • Bat Avoidance in the Katydid Genus Neoconocephalus A
    BAT AVOIDANCE IN THE KATYDID GENUS NEOCONOCEPHALUS A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by MARY K. KILMER Dr. Johannes Schul, Thesis Supervisor MAY 2010 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled BAT-AVOIDANCE IN THE KATYDID GENUS NEOCONOCEPHALUS Presented by Mary K. Kilmer, A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance ________________________________________________ Professor Johannes Schul _________________________________________________ Professor Sarah Bush _________________________________________________ Professor Rose-Marie Muzika …..dedicated to all those who have helped me along the way, including friends and family and especially Mom ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Johannes Schul who patiently saw me through this process. I would like to thank my remaining committee members, Dr. Sarah Bush and Dr. Rose-Marie Muzika for their insight and support as well as Dr. Carl Gerhardt. I would like to thank those faculty members who have always encouraged me in my work, including my undergraduate professors, Dr. Jeff Rettig and Dr. Stephen Miller. I would also like to thank the members of the Schul lab at the University of Missouri for their assistance and advice, including Oliver Beckers, Katy Frederick-Hudson and Jeffrey Triblehorn. Thanks to Bryan Barrus for the preliminary research that started this project. Finally, I’d like to thank those that encouraged me to explore new areas in biology and in life, especially Dr. Damon Gannon and his wife, Janet Gannon, who always managed to get me excited about research, no matter what the topic.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Ensifera (Hexapoda: Orthoptera) Using Three Ribosomal Loci, with Implications for the Evolution of Acoustic Communication
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38 (2006) 510–530 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of Ensifera (Hexapoda: Orthoptera) using three ribosomal loci, with implications for the evolution of acoustic communication M.C. Jost a,*, K.L. Shaw b a Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, USA b Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Received 9 May 2005; revised 27 September 2005; accepted 4 October 2005 Available online 16 November 2005 Abstract Representatives of the Orthopteran suborder Ensifera (crickets, katydids, and related insects) are well known for acoustic signals pro- duced in the contexts of courtship and mate recognition. We present a phylogenetic estimate of Ensifera for a sample of 51 taxonomically diverse exemplars, using sequences from 18S, 28S, and 16S rRNA. The results support a monophyletic Ensifera, monophyly of most ensiferan families, and the superfamily Gryllacridoidea which would include Stenopelmatidae, Anostostomatidae, Gryllacrididae, and Lezina. Schizodactylidae was recovered as the sister lineage to Grylloidea, and both Rhaphidophoridae and Tettigoniidae were found to be more closely related to Grylloidea than has been suggested by prior studies. The ambidextrously stridulating haglid Cyphoderris was found to be basal (or sister) to a clade that contains both Grylloidea and Tettigoniidae. Tree comparison tests with the concatenated molecular data found our phylogeny to be significantly better at explaining our data than three recent phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphological characters. A high degree of conflict exists between the molecular and morphological data, possibly indicating that much homoplasy is present in Ensifera, particularly in acoustic structures. In contrast to prior evolutionary hypotheses based on most parsi- monious ancestral state reconstructions, we propose that tegminal stridulation and tibial tympana are ancestral to Ensifera and were lost multiple times, especially within the Gryllidae.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Complex Calls in Meadow
    THE EVOLUTION OF COMPLEX CALLS IN MEADOW KATYDIDS _______________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia _______________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy _____________________________________________________ by NATHAN HARNESS Dr. Johannes Schul, Dissertation Supervisor July 2018 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled THE EVOLUTION OF COMPLEX CALLS IN MEADOW KATYDIDS presented by Nathan Harness, a candidate for the degree of doctor of philosophy, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Johannes Schul Professor Sarah Bush Professor Lori Eggert Professor Patricia Friedrichsen For my family Rachel and Mayr have given me so much. They show me unselfish affection, endless support, and generosity that seems to only grow. Without them the work here, and the adventure we’ve all three gone on surrounding it, would not have been possible. They have sacrificed birthdays, anniversaries, holidays, and countless weekends and evenings. They’ve happily seen me off to weeks of field work and conference visits. I am thankful to them for being so generous, and completely lacking in resentment at all the things that pull their husband and dad in so many directions. They have both necessarily become adept at melting away anxiety; I will forever be indebted to the hugs of a two-year-old and the kind words of his mom. Rachel and Mayr both deserve far more recognition than is possible here. I also want to thank my parents and brother and sisters.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Australian Copiphorini (Orthoptera : Tettigoniidae : Conocephalinae)
    Aust. J. Zool., 1979, 27, 1015-49 A Review of Australian Copiphorini (Orthoptera : Tettigoniidae : Conocephalinae) Winston J. Bailey Department of Zoology, University of Western Australia. Nedlands. W.A. 6009. Abstract The Australian members of the tribe Copiphorini (Tettigoniidae) are reviewed and their relationship to the Indo-Pacific species clarified. The principal character used is the stridulatory file of the male. This permits clear distinction of species within the four genera Pseudorhynchus, Euconocephalus, Ruspolia and Mygalopsis. Seven new species are named: P. raggei, P. selonis, E. broughtoni, R. marshallae, M. sandowi, M. marki and M. thielei. All genera are keyed, all species described and synonyms given. Distribution patterns are noted but not discussed in any detail. Introduction The Australian Tettigoniidae have had scant taxonomic treatment in recent times. Riek (1976) has provided a review of one genus, Tympanophora, and a number of other families are at present under consideration. Studies on the ecology, behaviour and physiology of various genera of Tettigoniidae are becoming more numerous, and the present review stems from a need to bring some taxonomic order to one genus, Mygalopsis, which is receiving considerable attention from both ecologists and physiologists in Western Australia (Sandow and Bailey 1978; Bailey and Stephen 1978; Thiele and Bailey 1980). The tribe Copiphorini was erected by Karny (1912) and includes four Australian genera: Pseudorhynchus Serville, Euconocephalus Karny, Ruspolia Schulthess (= Homorocoryphus Karny) and Mygalopsis Redtenbacher. These genera were re- viewed in part, in a study of Malayan, Melanesian and Australian tettigoniids by Hebard (1922). He pointed to the poor treatment one genus had received from previous workers, notably Euconocephalus.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Checklist of the Orthopteroid Insects (Blattodea, Mantodea, Phasmatodea,Orthoptera) of Texas
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida March 2001 Preliminary checklist of the orthopteroid insects (Blattodea, Mantodea, Phasmatodea,Orthoptera) of Texas John A. Stidham Garland, TX Thomas A. Stidham University of California, Berkeley, CA Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Stidham, John A. and Stidham, Thomas A., "Preliminary checklist of the orthopteroid insects (Blattodea, Mantodea, Phasmatodea,Orthoptera) of Texas" (2001). Insecta Mundi. 180. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/180 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 15, No. 1, March, 2001 35 Preliminary checklist of the orthopteroid insects (Blattodea, Mantodea, Phasmatodea,Orthoptera) of Texas John A. Stidham 301 Pebble Creek Dr., Garland, TX 75040 and Thomas A. Stidham Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Paleontology, and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, Abstract: Texas has one of the most diverse orthopteroid assemblages of any state in the United States, reflecting the varied habitats found in the state. Three hundred and eighty-nine species and 78 subspecies of orthopteroid insects (Blattodea, Mantodea, Phasmatodea, and Orthoptera) have published records for the state of Texas. This is the first such comprehensive checklist for Texas and should aid future work on these groups in this area. Introduction (Flook and Rowell, 1997).
    [Show full text]