Writing in Britain and Ireland, C. 400 - C
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Kingdom of Strathclyde from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Kingdom of Strathclyde From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Strathclyde (lit. "Strath of the Clyde"), originally Brythonic Ystrad Clud, was one of the early medieval kingdoms of the Kingdom of Strathclyde Celtic people called the Britons in the Hen Ogledd, the Teyrnas Ystrad Clut Brythonic-speaking parts of what is now southern Scotland and northern England. The kingdom developed during the ← 5th century–11th → post-Roman period. It is also known as Alt Clut, the Brythonic century name for Dumbarton Rock, the medieval capital of the region. It may have had its origins with the Damnonii people of Ptolemy's Geographia. The language of Strathclyde, and that of the Britons in surrounding areas under non-native rulership, is known as Cumbric, a dialect or language closely related to Old Welsh. Place-name and archaeological evidence points to some settlement by Norse or Norse–Gaels in the Viking Age, although to a lesser degree than in neighbouring Galloway. A small number of Anglian place-names show some limited settlement by incomers from Northumbria prior to the Norse settlement. Due to the series of language changes in the area, it is not possible to say whether any Goidelic settlement took place before Gaelic was introduced in the High Middle Ages. After the sack of Dumbarton Rock by a Viking army from Dublin in 870, the name Strathclyde comes into use, perhaps reflecting a move of the centre of the kingdom to Govan. In the same period, it was also referred to as Cumbria, and its inhabitants as Cumbrians. During the High Middle Ages, the area was conquered by the Kingdom of Alba, becoming part of The core of Strathclyde is the strath of the River Clyde. -
The Faddan More Psaltera Progress Update .Pdf
The Faddan More Psalter A progress update John Gillis and Anthony Read The Faddan More Psalter is an Eighth Century illuminated vellum manuscript, in its original limp, tanned leather cover that was found in a bog in Co Tipperary, Ireland in July 2006. The find has stirred up a great deal of interest, both in the book itself and in the genuinely unique conservation problems that it presents. It is the intention of this report to outline the approach that has been taken to date and to summarise the work that is currently being undertaken. The discovery and condition of the book The book was found on the afternoon of 20th July 2006 by Mr Eddie Fogarty, who was operating a mechanical digger in the bog at Faddan More, near Birr. Mr Fogarty, somewhat astonishingly, spotted the book as it sprung open in the bucket of his digger and then dropped into the 2 metre deep trench adjacent to where he had been working. He immediately contacted the bog owners, Kevin and Patrick Leonard, who gathered together the fragments and covered them with wet peat before notifying the staff of the National Museum of Ireland. We were indeed fortunate on a number of fronts that the book survived at all, that it was spotted under these circumstances, and that the landowners had made archaeological discoveries before, had a keen interest in local history, and knew from past experience exactly what to do with the find to ensure its preservation while still in the bog. The Faddan More Psalter as found with overlying peat removed. -
4, Excavations at Alt Gl
Proc Soc Antiq Scot, (1990)0 12 , 95-149, fiche 2:A1-G14 Reconnaissance excavations on Early Historic fortification othed an s r royal site Scotlandn si , 1974-84 , Excavation:4 t GlutAl t ,sa Clyde Rock, Strathclyde, 1974-75 Leslie Alcock Elizabetd *an AlcockhA * SUMMARY As part of a long-term programme of research historically-documentedon fortifications, excava- tions were carried 1974-75in out Dumbartonat Castle, anciently knownClut Alt Clydeor as Rock. These disproved hypothesisthe that nucleara fort, afterpatternthe of Dunadd Dundurn,or couldbe identified on the Rock, but revealed a timber-and-rubble defence of Early Historic date overlooking the isthmus which links the Rock to the mainland. Finds of especial interest include the northernmost examples of imported Mediterranean amphorae of the sixth century AD, and fragments from at least six glass vessels ofgermanic manufacture. Discussion centres on early medieval harbour sites and trade in northern and western Britain. A detailed excavation record and finds catalogue will be found in the microfiche. CONTENTS EXCAVATION SYNTHESIS & DISCUSSION (illuS 1-19) Introduction: character of the excavation and report..................................... 96 Early history.......................................................................8 9 . Clyd setting...........................................................es it Roc d kan 9 9 . The excavation: structures and finds ................................................... 104 Synthesis: history, artefact structures& s ..............................................3 -
DUMFRIESSHIRE and GALLOWAY NATURAL HISTORY and ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY
TRANSACTIONS of the DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY NATURAL HISTORY and ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY LXXXVII VOLUME 87 2013 TRANSACTIONS of the DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY NATURAL HISTORY and ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY FOUNDED 20 NOVEMBER 1862 THIRD SERIES VOLUME 87 LXXXVII Editors: ELAINE KENNEDY FRANCIS TOOLIS JAMES FOSTER ISSN 0141-1292 2013 DUMFRIES Published by the Council of the Society Office-Bearers 2012-2013 and Fellows of the Society President Dr F. Toolis FSA Scot Vice Presidents Mrs C. Iglehart, Mr A. Pallister, Mr D. Rose and Mr L. Murray Fellows of the Society Mr A.D. Anderson, Mr J.H.D. Gair, Dr J.B. Wilson, Mr K.H. Dobie, Mrs E. Toolis, Dr D.F. Devereux and Mrs M. Williams Mr L.J. Masters and Mr R.H. McEwen — appointed under Rule 10 Hon. Secretary Mr J.L. Williams, Merkland, Kirkmahoe, Dumfries DG1 1SY Hon. Membership Secretary Miss H. Barrington, 30 Noblehill Avenue, Dumfries DG1 3HR Hon. Treasurer Mr M. Cook, Gowanfoot, Robertland, Amisfield, Dumfries DG1 3PB Hon. Librarian Mr R. Coleman, 2 Loreburn Park, Dumfries DG1 1LS Hon. Editors Mrs E. Kennedy, Nether Carruchan, Troqueer, Dumfries DG2 8LY Dr F. Toolis, 25 Dalbeattie Road, Dumfries DG2 7PF Dr J. Foster (Webmaster), 21 Maxwell Street, Dumfries DG2 7AP Hon. Syllabus Conveners Mrs J. Brann, Troston, New Abbey, Dumfries DG2 8EF Miss S. Ratchford, Tadorna, Hollands Farm Road, Caerlaverock, Dumfries DG1 4RS Hon. Curators Mrs J. Turner and Miss S. Ratchford Hon. Outings Organiser Mrs S. Honey Ordinary Members Mrs P.G. Williams, Mrs A. Weighill, Dr Jeanette Brock, Dr Jeremy Brock, Mr D. Scott, Mr J. -
The Cambridge Companion to Medieval British Manuscripts Edited by Orietta Da Rold , Elaine Treharne Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-10246-0 — The Cambridge Companion to Medieval British Manuscripts Edited by Orietta Da Rold , Elaine Treharne Index More Information INDEX Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales Columbia University Library 21248D, 108 v–109 r, 201 Plimpton 265, 261 3021 F, 201 3049D, 201–6 Dartmouth College, Rauner Special Collections 8497B, 201–6 Library 003183, 110 Bangor, Bangor University Library Dublin, Trinity College Gwyneddon 4, 201–7 58, 52 Belfast, Queen’s University 490, 117 Brett 3/12B, 123 1339, 261 D. 4. 6, 261, 264n Cambridge, Corpus Christi College Glasgow, Hunterian Library 41, 134 173, 115–16, 118, 136 Hunter 59, 264n – fols. 1 r 32 r, 137, Lincoln Cathedral Library 138, 141 91, 112 198, 111 A. 72, 264n 199, 59 London, British Library 419, 45, 46 Additional 12043, 265n 421, 45, 46 Additional 15003, fol. 29, 265n Cambridge, St John’s College Additional 22139, 265n E. 2, 122 Additional 23211, 240 Cambridge, Trinity College Additional 24193, 51, 122 – B. 1. 37, 216 18 Additional 31042, 112 O. 9. 1, 143 Additional 35290, 255 R. 3. 2, 68, 114, 245, 260, 264n Additional 40542, 249–50 R. 15. 18, 216 Additional 47967, 136 – R. 17, 159, 166 8, 174 fols. 2–87, 135 Cambridge, University Library Additional 59495, 248, 264n, Dd. 14. 30, fol. 10 r, 65 265n – Dd. 3. 53, 169 72, 174 Additional 60577, 266n Ff. 6. 31, 110 Additional 62002, fol. 74, 264n Gg. 4. 27, fol. 457 v, 70 Additional 62577, fols. 6 v-7, 264n Ii. 3. 26, 69 Arundel 60, 79–100, 103–5 Kk. -
Summary Report
Y P WA I C T O S L L P The Galloway Picts Project: R A O G J E E C Excavation and Survey of Trusty’s Hill T H T Summary Report www.gallowaypicts.com © Galloway Picts Project 2012. The Galloway Picts Project: Excavation and Survey of Trusty’s Hill Summary Report On behalf of: The Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society NGR: NX 5889 5601 Project Number: 3309 Report by: Ronan Toolis & Christopher Bowles Illustrations: Gillian McSwan & Fiona Jackson Date: 24/10/2012 Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society (founded 1862) The Mouswald Trust | The Hunter Archaeological Trust | The Strathmartine Trust Sandeman Award | Gatehouse Development Initiative | John Younger Trust © Galloway Picts Project 2012. Contents Illustrations Illustration 1: Site Location 4 Illustration 2: Nucleated Fort layout of Trusty’s Hill 6 Illustration 3: Topographic plan of Trusty’s Hill overlaid with 2012 excavation trenches 8 Illustration 4: 2012 Laser Scan Survey of Inscribed Symbols at Trusty’s Hill 11 Plates Plate 1: Pictish Inscribed Stone 5 Plate 2: Volunteers excavating the vitrified rampart and associated occupation deposits at 5 Trusty’s Hill Plate 3: Pictish Inscribed Stone after cleaning 10 d n u o S n a 4 n n Project 3309: Galloway Picts Project. a r b A76 l i A841 Prestwick A719 A702 K A70 13 A701 Ayr A70 14 Cumnock 14 A719 New Sanquhar Maybole Cumnock A713 A76 A702 A77 Girvan Thornhill Loch Carsphairn R Nith Doon Moniaive A701 A702 Lochmaben Ballantrae Barrhill A76 N GALLOWAY New O Galloway A712 Loch Ken -
Who Was Malcolm, King of the Cumbrians?
MALCOLM, KING OF THE CUMBRIANS -193- WHO WAS MALCOLM, KING OF THE CUMBRIANS? A STUDY OF THE KINGS OF STRATHCLYDE AND CUMBRIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO KING DUBH’S DESCENDANTS IN THE WORK OF FORDUN AND THE EARLY CHRONICLES. By Michael Anne Guido 1 ABSTRACT John of Fordun has been cited as the source of errors on the descendants of King Dubh by supposedly creating Malcolm mac Dubh, his eldest son, stated to be King of the Cumbrians. Was this really a fabrication or a mistake? This article proposes a solution to some of the problems in Fordun’s work by showing that the tanists were actually governors of Strathclyde based on an analysis of the early chronicles. Foundations (2007) 2 (3): 193-213 © Copyright FMG and the author The kingdom of Strathclyde (Fig.1) originated in the 5th century with the rise of many smaller kingdoms after the withdrawal of the Romans from the island of Britain. The inhabitants of Strathclyde were probably descendants of the native people called Damnonii who were first recorded on Ptolemy’s map in the second century2 (MacQuarrie, 1993, p.2; Duncan, 1975, p.17). These Britons were akin to the Welsh3 (MacQuarrie, p.2) and known in the Welsh chronicles as Gwyr y Gogledd (Men of the North). The inhabitants of Strathclyde shared the same root language with Welsh as they spoke Cumbrian which was one of the four dialects of Brythonic Gaelic, the others being Cornish and Breton. These languages form a group called P-Celtic as opposed to Q-Celtic which is the Gaelic language cluster of Irish, Scottish and Manx. -
1.The Purple Gospels in Context 2. Introduction
1.THE PURPLE GOSPELS IN CONTEXT 2. INTRODUCTION: Phoenician civilization was based on the commerce of purple, a pigment obtained from the secretions of a mollusc, and their invention of the phonetic alphabet, uguaritic and semitic, written ‘boustrophedon’, as oxen plough fields back and forth, and in continuous scripts without spaces between words. Documentation of both of these comes from the fourteenth century before Christ.1 3. I. THE ALPHABET AND THE BIBLE In 2001 I organized an international conference on ‘The City and the Book’, on the Alphabet and the Bible, together with Jewish, Russian, English, Irish, Islandic, Spanish and Italian scholars. We discussed how the Alphabet and the Bible in Florence, came from outside of Europe yet are the base of our European civilization. It had begun with the Phoenician letters along the trade routes which became the Etruscan and runic letters that reached all the way to Iceland, where I have seen them on the keyboards of their computers.2 4. Before this phonetic maritime alphabet were the cuneiform (also Irish ogham) and hieroglpyhic images of the Tigris, Euphrates and Nile river valleys, as are still the pictograms of China and Japan. The Bible in Hebrew, christianized with the addition of the New Testament with the Gospel, instead adopted the variants of the alphabet that were developed in the territories conquered by Imperial Rome, the same letters seen today on the screen. At the beginning we had the Bible in Hebrew, its Torah, the five books of the Pentateuch, then in Greek, the Septuagint, but also the Gospels in Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, Glagolitic and Cyrillic. -
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Quaintmere, Max (2018) Aspects of memory in medieval Irish literature. PhD thesis. https://theses.gla.ac.uk/9026/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Aspects of Memory in Medieval Irish Literature Max Quaintmere MA, MSt (Oxon.) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities College of Arts University of Glasgow September 2017 Abstract This thesis explores a number of topics centred around the theme of memory in relation to medieval Irish literature roughly covering the period 600—1200 AD but considering, where necessary, material later than this date. Firstly, based on the current scholarship in memory studies focused on the Middle Ages, the relationship between medieval thought on memory in Ireland is compared with its broader European context. From this it becomes clear that Ireland, whilst sharing many parallels with European thought during the early Middle Ages based on a shared literary inheritance from the Christian and late-classical worlds, does not experience the same renaissance in memory theory that occurred in European universities from the thirteenth century onwards. -
The Earliest Welsh Poetry | Aberystwyth University
09/26/21 WEM1420 - The Earliest Welsh Poetry | Aberystwyth University WEM1420 - The Earliest Welsh Poetry View Online Alcock, Leslie. 1971. Arthur’s Britain: History and Archaeology, AD367-634. London: Allen Lane. Alocock, Leslie. 1846. ‘“Gwŷr Y Gogledd: An Archaeological Appraisal”,’. Archaeologia Cambrensis (132):1–18. Anon. 1948. ‘Arddull Yr Awdl A’r Cywydd.’ Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (1946-1947 1948). Anon. 1969. ‘The Tradition of Taliesin.’ Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (1968 (Part 2) 1969). Anon. 1988. ‘Llyfr Taliesin.’ National Library of Wales Journal (Cyf. 25, rh. 4 Gaeaf 1988). Anon. 2013a. Cunedda, Cynan, Cadwallon, Cynddylan: Four Welsh Poems and Nritain 383-655. Aberystwyth: University Of Wales Centre fro Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. Anon. 2013b. Cunedda, Cynan, Cadwallon, Cynddylan: Four Welsh Poems and Nritain 383-655. Aberystwyth: University Of Wales Centre fro Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. Anon. 2013c. Cunedda, Cynan, Cadwallon, Cynddylan: Four Welsh Poems and Nritain 383-655. Aberystwyth: University Of Wales Centre fro Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. Anon. 2013d. Cunedda, Cynan, Cadwallon, Cynddylan: Four Welsh Poems and Nritain 383-655. Aberystwyth: University Of Wales Centre fro Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. Anon. n.d. ‘Adolygiad Simon Rodway.’ Adolygiadau 37(1):103–6. Anon. n.d. ‘“Celtic Inscribed Stoes Project”.’ Retrieved (http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/cisp/). Anon. n.d. ‘Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru | Y Geiriadur Cymraeg Hanesyddol Safonol.’ Retrieved (http://www.geiriadur.ac.uk/). Anon. n.d. ‘Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru - National Library of Wales: Llyfr Aneirin.’ Retrieved (https://www.llgc.org.uk/cy/darganfod/oriel-ddigidol/digitalmirror-manuscripts/yr-oesoedd-c 1/15 09/26/21 WEM1420 - The Earliest Welsh Poetry | Aberystwyth University anol/llyfr-aneirin/). -
Rheged: an Early Historic Kingdom Near the Solway
Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 132 (2002), 357–381 Rheged: an Early Historic Kingdom near the Solway Mike McCarthy* ABSTRACT Rheged has been well known to historians for some time, but it is usually considered from the standpoint of the written sources. This paper seeks to begin the process of wider examination, firstly by discussing salient aspects of the archaeological setting, specifically the Iron Age and Roman background. Secondly, attention is drawn to those elements of the archaeological and written record relating to the location of Rheged, as well as to kingship and power. Earlier assumptions as to the location of Rheged are challenged, and it is suggested that its focus was in the Rhinns of Galloway. By the late sixth century Rheged, led by its great king Urien, was in existence, but it proved to be transient, and within a century or so of the earliest references in the literature, it had become absorbed into the expanding kingdom of Northumbria. Later, the Men of the North provided the heroic ancestry and models appropriate to kings in Wales, and ultimately found a place in one of the most enduring themes in medieval romantic literature. INTRODUCTION legacy, no annalistic, legal, or ecclesiastical record, and the written sources for early medi- Rheged (OW Reget), a kingdom thought to be eval Galloway and Cumbria are sparse. Much located in south-west Scotland and northern of the relevant documentation that has some England, appears briefly in the written record bearing on Rheged, namely the poems and in the late sixth century, but little is known genealogies, is early Welsh in origin, and while about it. -
Bulletin Editor FOC Came Together Through Zoom Calligraphy Were Honored to Nancy Noble� Have Dr
his week was Thanksgiving flourishes into their basic elements, in the US, which of course and uses those elements to FOC Council Members Thas me thinking about what demystify flourishing. See the President I’m thankful for. Along with the article on Page 11. Evelyn Eldridge health and safety of family and Cherryl Moote has developed a December 2020 friends, are the many wonderful Vice President Number 141 script that she calls Byzantosh—a Elena Caruthers classes, videos, and lectures that delightful meld of the architectural technology has made available to lettering style of Charles Rennie Treasurer help time go by more. I’m a big Macintosh and elements of Dean Robino fan of video conferencing as a Byzantine lettering. Page 8. stand-in for in-person gatherings Secretary in these days of social distancing. Yukimi Annand taught two stellar Fredi Juni workshops on Hermann Kilian There’s a little over a month until Council Members ‘Built-Up Caps’ in November. Martha Boccalini the end of 2020, yikes! Every The article is on Page 10. year I say the same thing, how Cynthia Cravens did the time go by so quickly? Fort Mason classes will continue to Darla Engelmann This year has been no different be online until the Fort Mason Katie Leavens in that regard. Between online Center opens and we are sure Raoul Martinez lectures and classes, the Friends conditions are safe. To see the Alphabet Editor of Calligraphy calendar has been lineup for 2021, visit the full. Here are the highlights from FOC Classes web page at Carl Rohrs https://www.friendsofcalligraphy.org/pages/classes.html the last couple of months.