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Two Basic Points in Georgian-German Relations
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Institute for European Studies Two Basic Points in Georgian-German Relations Giorgi Meskhi Student of Master’s Program in European Studies Supervisor: Professor Sergi Kapanadze Tbilisi 8 July 2011 1 Table of Contents I Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………3 II Preliminary Guidelines and Methodological Explanations …………………..6 III The Declaration of Independence ...................................................................11 1 Preliminary Period ...............................................................................................11 2 Independence as ‘the only way out’ ....................................................................16 3 After Independence............................................................................................ .21 IV The Restoration of Independence ...................................................................28 1 Way towards the Restoration of Independence....................................................28 2 Reunification of Germany ....................................................................................32 3 Between Independence and Reunification ..........................................................35 V Theoretical explanations …………………………………………………………...39 1 Political Realism is the Answer ………………………………………………………39 2 Political Realism is not always the Answer …………………………………………42 3 General Theoretical Explanations …………………………………………………...43 VI Conclusions ………………………………………………………………………….46 Bibliography ……………………………………………………………………………..48 -
Pre-Election Disputes: Achilles Heel of the Electoral Administration
C - 0; M - 95; Y - 100; K - 2; PANTONE 485 CP C - 0; M - 98; Y - 91; K - 30; PANTONE 7621 CP C - 0; M - 97; Y - 87; K - 60; PANTONE 7624 CP V Pre-Election Disputes: Achilles Heel of the Electoral Administration ELENE NIZHARADZE Over the recent years the electoral administration has achieved important progress in terms of transparency, cooperation with non-governmental orga- March, 2018 nizations and introduction of new technologies. In 2017 only, the work of the Central Election Commission (CEC) was recognized with two international awards.1 The CEC Chairperson was also awarded in 2017 for her contribution to development of electoral processes.2 Such awards are indicative of success, however the question that remains is whether the work of the electoral adminis- tration was equally successful in all areas. Over the last two years the work of the electoral administration with regard to consideration of electoral complaints in the pre-election period was less than successful. Resolving election disputes the right way is a tool for creating fair and competitive electoral environment. The electoral administration, which is in charge of considering and deciding disputes envisaged by the legislation, plays an important role in this regard. It should establish the right practice, in compli- ance with the spirit and goals of the electoral legislation. With its decisions the electoral administration should help create high standard, as a precondition for creating equal electoral environment. Instead the electoral administration has failed to adequately address the chal- lenges raised by several precedent-setting cases. Its use of electoral norms is completely against the purpose of the electoral legislation. -
Messi, Ronaldo, and the Politics of Celebrity Elections
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Research Online Messi, Ronaldo, and the politics of celebrity elections: voting for the best soccer player in the world LSE Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/101875/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Anderson, Christopher J., Arrondel, Luc, Blais, André, Daoust, Jean François, Laslier, Jean François and Van Der Straeten, Karine (2019) Messi, Ronaldo, and the politics of celebrity elections: voting for the best soccer player in the world. Perspectives on Politics. ISSN 1537-5927 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719002391 Reuse Items deposited in LSE Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the LSE Research Online record for the item. [email protected] https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/ Messi, Ronaldo, and the Politics of Celebrity Elections: Voting For the Best Soccer Player in the World Christopher J. Anderson London School of Economics and Political Science Luc Arrondel Paris School of Economics André Blais University of Montréal Jean-François Daoust McGill University Jean-François Laslier Paris School of Economics Karine Van der Straeten Toulouse School of Economics Abstract It is widely assumed that celebrities are imbued with political capital and the power to move opinion. To understand the sources of that capital in the specific domain of sports celebrity, we investigate the popularity of global soccer superstars. -
PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL of KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N O 27 — 2017 2
1 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N o 27 — 2017 2 E DITOR- IN-CHIEF David KOLBAIA S ECRETARY Sophia J V A N I A EDITORIAL C OMMITTEE Jan M A L I C K I, Wojciech M A T E R S K I, Henryk P A P R O C K I I NTERNATIONAL A DVISORY B OARD Zaza A L E K S I D Z E, Professor, National Center of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Alejandro B A R R A L – I G L E S I A S, Professor Emeritus, Cathedral Museum Santiago de Compostela Jan B R A U N (†), Professor Emeritus, University of Warsaw Andrzej F U R I E R, Professor, Universitet of Szczecin Metropolitan A N D R E W (G V A Z A V A) of Gori and Ateni Eparchy Gocha J A P A R I D Z E, Professor, Tbilisi State University Stanis³aw L I S Z E W S K I, Professor, University of Lodz Mariam L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emerita, Tbilisi State University Guram L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emeritus, Tbilisi State University Marek M ¥ D Z I K (†), Professor, Maria Curie-Sk³odowska University, Lublin Tamila M G A L O B L I S H V I L I, Professor, National Centre of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Lech M R Ó Z, Professor, University of Warsaw Bernard OUTTIER, Professor, University of Geneve Andrzej P I S O W I C Z, Professor, Jagiellonian University, Cracow Annegret P L O N T K E - L U E N I N G, Professor, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena Tadeusz Ś W I Ę T O C H O W S K I (†), Professor, Columbia University, New York Sophia V A S H A L O M I D Z E, Professor, Martin-Luther-Univerity, Halle-Wittenberg Andrzej W O Ź N I A K, Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 3 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES No 27 — 2017 (Published since 1991) CENTRE FOR EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES FACULTY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW WARSAW 2017 4 Cover: St. -
AC Milan - FC Bayern München MATCH PRESS KIT Stadio Giuseppe Meazza, Milan Tuesday, 3 April 2007 - 20:45CET Quarter-Finals, First Leg - Matchday 9
AC Milan - FC Bayern München MATCH PRESS KIT Stadio Giuseppe Meazza, Milan Tuesday, 3 April 2007 - 20:45CET Quarter-finals, first leg - Matchday 9 Contents 1 - Match background 7 - UEFA information 2 - Match facts 8 - Match-by-match lineups 3 - Squad list 9 - Competition facts 4 - Head coach profiles 10 - Team facts 5 - Match officials 11 - Competition information 6 - Domestic information 12 - Legend Match background After ending an 18-year wait for a victory on Italian soil only last September, FC Bayern München have to repeat the trick when they visit the Giuseppe Meazza for a second time this term for their UEFA Champions League quarter-final first leg against AC Milan. • Bayern had suffered six straight losses in Italy before Claudio Pizarro and Lukas Podolski secured a 2-0 win at FC Internazionale Milano in the group stage in September. Repeating the feat against Inter's neighbours is a daunting-looking challenge, however, given Milan have won 15 of their last 18 UEFA Champions League home fixtures – including a 4-1 triumph against Bayern in the first knockout round last season. • Milan won through to their sixth successive quarter-final thanks to a 1-0 aggregate victory against Celtic FC in the first knockout round. After a goalless draw in Glasgow, the Rossoneri finally broke down Celtic's resistance through a Kaká goal three minutes into extra time in the return. It was the Brazilian's sixth UEFA Champions League goal of 2006/07. • Bayern overcame Real Madrid CF in the first knockout round, advancing on the away goals rule after a 4-4 aggregate draw. -
FIFA WORLD COACH MEN's FOOTBALL 2011 Vote Country
FIFA WORLD COACH MEN'S FOOTBALL 2011 Vote Country Name First (5 points) Second (3 points) Third (1 point) Captain Albania Lorik Cana Ferguson Alex Löw Joachim Wenger Arsène Captain Algeria Antar Yahia Guardiola Pep Mourinho José Löw Joachim Captain Andorra Óscar Sonejee Mourinho José Guardiola Pep Ferguson Alex Captain Armenia Sargis Hovsepyan Del Bosque Vicente Guardiola Pep Ferguson Alex Captain Australia Lucas Edward Neill Del Bosque Vicente Guardiola Pep Tabárez Óscar Captain Austria Marc Janko Guardiola Pep Villas-Boas André Klopp Jürgen Captain Azerbaijan Rashad Sadygov Guardiola Pep Löw Joachim Klopp Jürgen Captain Bangladesh Biplob Bhattacharjee Del Bosque Vicente Guardiola Pep Löw Joachim Captain Belarus Yuri Zhevnov Ferguson Alex Guardiola Pep Villas-Boas André Captain Belgium Timmy Simons Mourinho José Guardiola Pep Wenger Arsène Captain Bermuda Khano Smith Guardiola Pep Villas-Boas André Ferguson Alex Captain Bhutan Pema Ferguson Alex Guardiola Pep Mourinho José Captain Bolivia Ronald Raldes B. Guardiola Pep Del Bosque Vicente Mourinho José Captain Bosnia-Herzegovina Emir Spahic Guardiola Pep Ferguson Alex Mourinho José Captain Brazil Thiago Emiliano Da Silva Guardiola Pep Mourinho José Ferguson Alex Captain British Virgin Islands Andy Davis Del Bosque Vicente Wenger Arsène Ferguson Alex Captain Brunei Darussalam Azwan Mohd Salleh Guardiola Pep Ferguson Alex Mourinho José Captain Bulgaria Stiliyan Petrov Guardiola Pep Klopp Jürgen Ferguson Alex Captain Burkina Faso Mahamoudou Kere Ferguson Alex Garcia Rudi Guardiola Pep Captain -
3. All-Time Records 1955-2019
UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE STATISTICS HANDBOOK 2019/20 3. ALL-TIME RECORDS 1955-2019 PAGE EUROPEAN CHAMPION CLUBS’ CUP/UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE ALL-TIME CLUB RANKING 1 EUROPEAN CHAMPION CLUBS’ CUP/UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE ALL-TIME TOP PLAYER APPEARANCES 5 EUROPEAN CHAMPION CLUBS’ CUP/UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE ALL-TIME TOP GOALSCORERS 8 NB All statistics in this chapter include qualifying and play-off matches. Pos Club Country Part Titles Pld W D L F A Pts GD ALL-TIME CLUB RANKING 58 FC Salzburg AUT 15 0 62 26 16 20 91 71 68 20 59 SV Werder Bremen GER 9 0 66 27 14 25 109 107 68 2 60 RC Deportivo La Coruña ESP 5 0 62 25 17 20 78 79 67 -1 Pos Club Country Part Titles Pld W D L F A Pts GD 61 FK Austria Wien AUT 19 0 73 25 16 32 100 110 66 -10 1 Real Madrid CF ESP 50 13 437 262 76 99 971 476 600 495 62 HJK Helsinki FIN 20 0 72 26 12 34 91 112 64 -21 2 FC Bayern München GER 36 5 347 201 72 74 705 347 474 358 63 Tottenham Hotspur ENG 6 0 53 25 10 18 108 79 60 29 3 FC Barcelona ESP 30 5 316 187 72 57 629 302 446 327 64 R. Standard de Liège BEL 14 0 58 25 10 23 87 73 60 14 4 Manchester United FC ENG 28 3 279 154 66 59 506 264 374 242 65 Sevilla FC ESP 7 0 52 24 12 16 86 73 60 13 5 Juventus ITA 34 2 277 140 69 68 439 268 349 171 66 SSC Napoli ITA 9 0 50 22 14 14 78 61 58 17 6 AC Milan ITA 28 7 249 125 64 60 416 231 314 185 67 FC Girondins de Bordeaux FRA 7 0 50 21 16 13 54 54 58 0 7 Liverpool FC ENG 24 6 215 121 47 47 406 192 289 214 68 FC Sheriff Tiraspol MDA 17 0 68 22 14 32 66 74 58 -8 8 SL Benfica POR 39 2 258 114 59 85 416 299 287 117 69 FC Dinamo 1948 ROU -
No. 130 | August 2013 in This Issue
WE CARE ABOUT FOOTBALL No. 130 | August 2013 IN THIS ISSUE Official publication of the GERMANY becoME WOMEN'S EuroPEAN Union des associations CHAMPIONS européennes de football 4 Since 1995, the European women’s title has been the sole preserve of Germany, who won their sixth consecutive crown Chief editor: at UEFA Women’s EURO 2013 in Sweden. André Vieli Getty Images Produced by: Atema Communication SA, CH-1196 Gland POLAND'S UNDER-17 GIRLS crowNED Printing: CHAMPIONS IN NYON 7 Artgraphic Cavin SA, Poland were the winners of the European Women’s CH-1422 Grandson Under-17 Championship, the final round of which took place Editorial deadline: in Nyon, opposite UEFA headquarters, for the last time. 6 August 2013 Sportsfile The views expressed in signed articles are not necessarily the official views of UEFA. SPANISH UNDER-21S ON toP 8 The reproduction of articles published in UEFA·direct Spain’s Under-21 side followed in the footsteps of is authorised, provided the their senior colleagues in Israel, where they retained their source is indicated. European Under-21 title, beating Italy in the final. Getty Images A FIRST for SERBIA 10 At the European Under-19 Championship final round, Serbia were able to secure a first title in a UEFA competition for their national association. Cover: Sportsfile There is no stopping the German women’s team, who won their sixth successive European DISTRIBUTION OF title in Sweden club coMPetitioN REVENUE 12 Photo: Getty Images The clubs that participated in the 2012/13 UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League have already received their share of the revenue generated by these competitions. -
Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921) by Dr
UDC 9 (479.22) 34 Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921) by Dr. Levan Z. Urushadze (Tbilisi, Georgia) ISBN 99940-0-539-1 The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG. “Sakartvelos Demokratiuli Respublika” in Georgian) was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia in 1918 - 1921. The DRG was established after the collapse of the Russian Tsarist Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its established borders were with Russia in the north, and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, Turkey, Armenia, and Azerbaijan in the south. It had a total land area of roughly 107,600 km2 (by comparison, the total area of today's Georgia is 69,700 km2), and a population of 2.5 million. As today, its capital was Tbilisi and its state language - Georgian. THE NATIONAL FLAG AND COAT OF ARMS OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA A Trans-Caucasian house of representatives convened on February 10, 1918, establishing the Trans-Caucasian Democratic Federative Republic, which existed from February, 1918 until May, 1918. The Trans-Caucasian Democratic Federative Republic was managed by the Trans-Caucasian Commissariat chaired by representatives of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. On May 26, 1918 this Federation was abolished and Georgia declared its independence. Politics In February 1917, in Tbilisi the first meeting was organised concerning the future of Georgia. The main organizer of this event was an outstanding Georgian scientist and public benefactor, Professor Mikheil (Mikhako) Tsereteli (one of the leaders of the Committee -
2011/12 UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook
Records With Walter Samuel grounded and goalkeeper Julio Cesar a bemused onlooker, Gareth Bale scores the first Tottenham Hotspur FC goal against FC Internazionale Milano at San Siro. The UEFA Champions League newcomers came back from 4-0 down at half-time to lose 4-3; Bale performed the rare feat of hitting a hat-trick for a side playing with 10 men; and it allowed English clubs to take over from Italy at the top of the hat-trick chart. PHOTO: CLIVE ROSE / GETTY IMAGES Season 2011/2012 Contents Competition records 4 Sequence records 7 Goal scoring records – All hat-tricks 8 Fastest hat-tricks 11 Most goals in a season 12 Fastest goal in a game 13 Fastest own goals 13 The Landmark Goals 14 Fastest red cards 15 Fastest yellow cards 16 Youngest and Oldest Players 17 Goalkeeping records 20 Goalless draws 22 Record for each finalist 27 Biggest Wins 28 Lowest Attendances 30 Milestones 32 UEFA Super Cup 34 3 UEFA Champions League Records UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE COMPETITION RECORDS MOST APPEARANCES MOST GAMES PLAYED 16 Manchester United FC 176 Manchester United FC 15 FC Porto, FC Barcelona, Real Madrid CF 163 Real Madrid CF 159 FC Barcelona 14 AC Milan, FC Bayern München 149 FC Bayern München 13 FC Dynamo Kyiv, PSV Eindhoven, Arsenal FC 139 AC Milan 12 Juventus, Olympiacos FC 129 Arsenal FC 126 FC Porto 11 Rosenborg BK, Olympique Lyonnais 120 Juventus 10 Galatasaray AS, FC Internazionale Milano, 101 Chelsea FC FC Spartak Moskva, Rangers FC MOST WINS SUCCESSIVE APPEARANCES 96 Manchester United FC 15 Manchester United FC (1996/97 - 2010/11) 89 FC -
Armed Forces of Georgian Democratic Republic in 1918–1921
George Anchabadze Armed Forces of Georgian Democratic Republic .. DOI: http://doi.org/10.22364/luzv.5.06 Armed Forces of Georgian Democratic Republic in 1918–1921 Gruzijas Demokrātiskās Republikas bruņotie spēki 1918.–1921. gadā George Anchabadze, Doctor of History Sciences, Full professor Ilia State University, School of Arts and Sciences Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3/5, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia E-mail: [email protected] The article is dedicated to the armed forces of the Georgian Democratic Republic (1918–1921). It shows the history of their creation and development, the composition and structure of the troops, as well as provides a brief insight into the combat path. It also shows the contradictions that existed between the socialist leadership of the country and a significant part of the officer corps, caused by ideological differences. The result of these contradictions were two forms of the armed organization of Georgia – the regular army and the People’s Guard, which caused discord in the armed forces. This circumstance, among other reasons, contributed to the military defeat of Georgia in the clash with Soviet Russia (1921). Keywords: Transcaucasia in 1918–1921, Georgian Democratic Republic, regular army of Georgia, the People’s Guard, The Soviet-Georgian War of 1921. Raksts veltīts Gruzijas Demokrātiskās Republikas bruņotajiem spēkiem 1918.–1921. gadā, tajā atspoguļota to izveidošanas un attīstības vēsture, kā arī karaspēka sastāvs un struktūra, bez tam īsumā raksturotas kaujas operācijas. Parādītas arī pretrunas, kas pastāvēja starp valsts sociālistisko vadību un lielu daļu virsnieku korpusa un kas izraisīja ideoloģiskas atšķirības. Šo pretrunu rezultāts bija divas Gruzijas bruņoto spēku organizatoriskās formas – regulārā armija un Tautas gvarde –, starp kurām pastāvēja nesaskaņas. -
FC Bayern München - AC Milan CARTELLA STAMPA Fußball Arena München, Monaco Di Baviera Mercoledì, 11 Aprile 2007 - 20:45CET Quarti Di Finale, Ritorno - Giornata 10
FC Bayern München - AC Milan CARTELLA STAMPA Fußball Arena München, Monaco di Baviera Mercoledì, 11 Aprile 2007 - 20:45CET Quarti di finale, ritorno - Giornata 10 Contenuto 1 - Storia della partita 7 - Informazioni UEFA 2 - Dati sulla partita 8 - Formazioni partita per partita 3 - Rosa squadra 9 - Dati sulla competizione 4 - Profilo degli allenatori 10 - Dati sulle squadre 5 - Direttori di gara 11 - Informazioni sul torneo 6 - Notizie nazionali 12 - Legenda Storia della partita • Il 3 aprile, a San Siro, i tedeschi sono riusciti a pareggiare nell'ultimo minuto di recupero con Daniel Van Buyten. Milan due volte in vantaggio, con Andrea Pirlo (40') prima e Kaká (84', rigore) poi e due volte raggiunto dal difensore belga, che non segnava in Champions League da settembre 2003. • In Europa, il Bayern non perde in casa da novembre 2004, sconfitto dalla Juventus nella fase a gironi. Da allora, otto vittorie e tre pareggi per i bavaresi. • In questa stagione, gli uomini allenati da Ottmar Hitzfeld hanno superato l'FC Spartak Moskva (4-0) e pareggiato con Sporting Clube de Portugal (0-0) e FC Internazionale Milano (1-1) nella fase a gironi. Negli ottavi di finale, hanno superato 2-1 il Real Madrid CF dopo aver perso l'andata 3-2 in Spagna, conquistando così la qualificazione grazie al maggior numero di gol segnati in trasferta. • Milan avaro di gol nelle quattro trasferte di questa stagione europea. Nella fase a gironi i rossoneri hanno pareggiato con LOSC Lille Métropole (0-0), battuto l'RSC Anderlecht (1-0) e perso contro l'AEK Athens FC (0-1).