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Original Article Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Its Risk Factors in the Chinese Maonan and Han Populations
Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016;9(10):10603-10616 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0037464 Original Article Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its risk factors in the Chinese Maonan and Han populations Yong Wang1,2, Lynn Htet Htet Aung2, Ji-Ying Tan3, Rui-Xing Yin2, Xi-Jiang Hu2, Xing-Jiang Long2, Dong-Feng Wu2, Lin Miao2, De-Zhai Yang4, Shang-Ling Pan5 1Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China; 2Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; 3Department of General Practice, Xianan Health Station of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi, China; 4Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; 5Department of Pathophysiology, School of Premedical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China Received August 7, 2016; Accepted August 23, 2016; Epub October 1, 2016; Published October 15, 2016 Abstract: Chinese Maonan nationality is an isolated minority with a population of 107,166 in 2010. They mainly reside in several townships of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County in the Northwestern of Guangxi, China. The prevalence and epidemiological characters of dyslipidemia in this ethnic group have not been studied previously. The objective of the present study was to assess the difference in serum lipid levels, the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the risk factors in the Maonan and Han populations. A cross-sectional study of dyslipidemia was conducted in 1332 unrelated subjects of Maonan and 1344 participants of Han ethnic groups. Information on epidemiologi- cal survey was collected with standardized questionnaires. Anthropometric and biochemical data were obtained. -
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ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK TAR:PRC 31175 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE (Financed by the Cooperation Fund in Support of the Formulation and Implementation of National Poverty Reduction Strategies) TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR PARTICIPATORY POVERTY REDUCTION PLANNING FOR SMALL MINORITIES August 2003 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 July 2003) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) Y1.00 = $0.1208 $1.00 = Y8.2773 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank FCPMC – Foreign Capital Project Management Center LGOP – State Council Leading Group on Poverty Alleviation and Development NGO – nongovernment organization PRC – People's Republic of China RETA – regional technical assistance SEAC – State Ethnic Affairs Commission TA – technical assistance UNDP – United Nations Development Programme NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government ends on 31 December (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This report was prepared by D. S. Sobel, senior country programs specialist, PRC Resident Mission. I. INTRODUCTION 1. During the 2002 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Country Programming Mission to the People's Republic of China (PRC), the Government reconfirmed its request for technical assistance (TA) for Participatory Poverty Reduction Planning for Small Minorities as a follow-up to TA 3610- PRC: Preparing a Methodology for Development Planning in Poverty Blocks under the New Poverty Strategy. After successful preparation of the methodology and its adoption by the State Council Leading Group on Poverty Alleviation and Development (LGOP) to identify poor villages within the “key working counties” (which are eligible for national poverty reduction funds), the Government would like to apply the methodology to the PRC's poorest minority areas to prepare poverty reduction plans with villager, local government, and nongovernment organization (NGO) participation. -
Allele Polymorphism and Haplotype Diversity of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 Loci in Sequence-Based Typing for Chinese Uyghur Ethnic Group
Allele Polymorphism and Haplotype Diversity of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 Loci in Sequence-Based Typing for Chinese Uyghur Ethnic Group Chun-mei Shen1,2,3, Bo-feng Zhu1,2,3,4*, Ya-jun Deng5, Shi-hui Ye2, Jiang-wei Yan6, Guang Yang7, Hong-dan Wang1,3,4, Hai-xia Qin8, Qi-zhao Huang9, Jing-Jing Zhang10 1 The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China, 2 Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China, 3 The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China, 4 Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China, 5 Center of Forensic Sciences, Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 6 Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 7 Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America, 8 Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America, 9 The Second Team of Students Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China, 10 Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Background: Previous studies indicate that the frequency distributions of HLA alleles and haplotypes vary from one ethnic group to another or between the members of the same ethnic group living in different geographic areas. -
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WU FAN 4/19/2012 7:47 PM Legal Reasoning in Chinese and Swiss Appellate Judgments - Exploring China’s Path Toward Rule of Law WU Fan TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 21 II. OBJECT OF COMPARISON ................................................................ 24 A. Swiss Law as a Reference System ....................................... 25 B. Selection of Judgments ........................................................ 26 III. SCHEME OF COMPARISON ............................................................. 27 IV. LEGAL REASONING IN SWISS LEGAL SYSTEM............................... 27 A. Regulation of Legal Reasoning ........................................... 27 B. Legal Reasoning and Public Control .................................. 28 C. Legal Reasoning and Legal Education in Switzerland ....... 29 D. Legal Reasoning in Swiss TF Judgments............................ 30 1. Head of the Judgment ................................................... 31 (a) Case Designation ................................................... 31 (b) Judgment Title ........................................................ 31 2. Indexes .......................................................................... 31 3. Statement of Affairs ...................................................... 33 (a) Factual Background ............................................... 33 (b) Procedural History ................................................ 33 (c) Requests of the Parties .......................................... -
"Sanyuesan" Festival of She Ethnic Group in Jingning, Zhejiang Province
The 14th National and International Conference "Global Goals, Local Actions: Looking Back and Moving Forward 2021" 18 August, 2021 When Tradition Meets Modernity — The Contemporary Changes of the "Sanyuesan" Festival of She Ethnic Group in Jingning, Zhejiang Province Yang Wang Abstract This study discusses the contemporary changes of the "Sanyuesan" festival of the She ethnic group in Jingning by collecting relevant literature and conducting field investigation. Qualitative analysis is mainly carried out with participatory observation and in-depth interview as research tools. This paper mainly summarizes the change track and characteristics of the She's "Sanyuesan" festival. This study mainly explores the changes of the times of the She People's "Sanyuesan" festival from the aspects of connotation and function, form and content, subject composition of participation and cultural space. The research results are helpful to explore the historical context and cultural space of the contemporary construction of She's "Sanyuesan" festival music. Keywords: She ethnic group, Sanyuesan, Festival celebration, Change Introduction The She ethnic group is an ancient minority in Southeast China, and it is also a typical group scattered across the region. In the long process of history, unafraid of hardships and dangers, She people have created a splendid history and culture with their own diligence and wisdom, leaving a rich cultural heritage. As the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage, their "Sanyuesan" (Category: folk custom; No.: Ⅹ - 73) is emitting a bright and unique brilliance with its distinctive ethnic temperament, rich cultural meaning and active form of expression. Jingning, located in East China, is the only She Autonomous County in China. -
Association Between the PLTP Rs4810479 SNP and Serum Lipid Traits in the Chinese Maonan and Han Populations
Hindawi Genetics Research Volume 2021, Article ID 9925272, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9925272 Research Article Association between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP and Serum Lipid Traits in the Chinese Maonan and Han Populations Fen-Han Zhang,1 Rui-Xing Yin ,1 Li-Mei Yao,1 Wei-Xiong Lin,2 Jin-Zhen Wu,1 and De-Zhai Yang2 1Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, e First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China 2Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China Correspondence should be addressed to Rui-Xing Yin; [email protected] Received 24 March 2021; Accepted 22 June 2021; Published 3 July 2021 Academic Editor: Chaeyoung Lee Copyright © 2021 Fen-Han Zhang et al. -is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -e association between the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) gene rs4810479 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid levels is largely unknown. -is investigation aimed to evaluate the relationship between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP, several environmental risk factors, and serum lipid parameters in the Chinese Maonan and Han nationalities. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, gel electrophoresis, and direct sequencing were employed to determine the PLTP rs4810479 genotypes in 633 Maonan and 646 Han participants. -e frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes and the C allele were different between Maonan and Han groups (29.07%, 53.08%, 17.85%, and 55.61% vs. 35.60%, 49.70%, 14.70%, and 60.45%, respectively, P < 0:05). -
2007 Series Change Requests Report
ISO 639-3 Change Requests Series 2007 Summary of Outcomes Joan Spanne (SIL International), ISO 639-3 Registrar, 15 January 2008 Summary of requested changes There were 258 requests considered, recommending 404 explicit changes in the code set. Ten of the requests are still pending. The 247 requests that have been decided have been fully approved, entailing 383 explicit changes in the code set. The 10 requests still pending will be reported in an addendum to this report. The 383 explicit changes can be analyzed as follows: • Retirements: 75 o 7 non-existent languages; o 3 duplicate languages (treated separately from merges of sub-varieties); o 41 merged languages; o 24 split languages, resulting in 71 new language code elements (net gain of 47). • Completely new languages: 59 newly created languages not previously associated with another language in the code set. • Updates: 178 o 151 name updates, either change to a name form or addition of a name form; o 20 denotation updates of languages into which other varieties were merged; o 3 macrolanguage group updates (one spread across two requests, as two updates); o 2 new macrolanguage groups (existing individual languages changed in scope to macrolanguages); o 1 change in language type (which will in the future be handled outside the formal review process, as this is non-normative, supplementary information). Retirements from other than split of a language code element Change Reference Retirement Request Identifier Retirement Remedy Outcome Name Reason number 2007-003 akn Amikoana Non-existent Adopted 2007-004 paj Ipeka-Tapuia Merge Merge into [kpc] Adopted 2007-006 cru Carútana Merge Merge into [bwi] Adopted 2007-009 bxt Buxinhua Duplicate Duplicate of [bgk] Bit Adopted 2007-020 gen Geman Deng Duplicate Duplicate of Miju-Mishmi [mxj] Adopted 2007-021 dat Darang Deng Duplicate Duplicate of Digaro Mishmi [mhu] Adopted 2007-024 wre Ware Non-existent Adopted 2007-033 szk Sizaki Merge Merge into Ikizu [ikz] Adopted 2007-037 ywm Wumeng Yi Merge Merge into [ywu] Wusa Yi, renamed Adopted Wumeng Nasu (cf. -
Measuring Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci. 2013, 4 (4): 169–181 doi:10.1007/s13753-013-0018-6 ARTICLE Measuring Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China Wenfang Chen1,2,3, Susan L. Cutter2, Christopher T. Emrich2, and Peijun Shi1,3,* 1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2Hazard and Vulnerability Research Institute, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA 3Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Abstract Social vulnerability emphasizes the different bur- By adopting the human-centered vulnerability concept, dens of disaster losses within and between places. Although the “social vulnerability paradigm” (Hewitt 1983; 1997; China continuously experiences devastating natural disasters, Blaikie et al. 1994; Cutter, Boruff, and Shirley 2003) stresses there is a paucity of research specifically addressing the that vulnerability is socially constructed and exhibits with multidimensional nature of social vulnerability. This article stratification and inequality among different groups of people presents an initial study on the social vulnerability of the and different places. Consequently, vulnerability reduction Yangtze River Delta region in China. The goal is to replicate requires understanding the underlying social, economic, and and test the applicability of the place-based Social Vulnerabil- political context and then addressing the factors that increase ity Index (SoVI®) developed for the United States in a Chinese cultural context. Twenty-nine variables adapted from SoVI® risk and vulnerability. were collected for each of the 134 analysis units in the study Much of the vulnerability research uses case study and area. -
Association of Genetic Loci for Migraine Susceptibility in the She People of China
Lin et al. The Journal of Headache and Pain (2015) 16:70 DOI 10.1186/s10194-015-0553-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Association of genetic loci for migraine susceptibility in the she people of China Qi-Fang Lin1, Xian-Guo Fu2, Long-Teng Yao1, Jing Yang2, Luo-Yuan Cao2, Yong-Tong Xin1, Jun-Xia Hou1, Lin-Feng Ye1 and Gen-Bin Huang1* Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of the genotype and allele frequencies of the polymorphisms rs4379368, rs10504861, rs10915437, rs12134493 and rs13208321 in She people of China with migraine headache susceptibility. The five alleles were previously identified as being associated with migraine in a Western population, but it was not known if this association would hold in a She population. rs4379368 is in the succinic HMG coenzyme A transferase (C7orf10) gene; rs10504861 is near the matrix metallopeptidase 16 (MMP16) gene; rs10915437 is near the adherens junctions associated protein 1 (AJAP1) gene; rs12134493 is upstream of the tetraspanin 2 (TSPAN2) gene; and rs13208321 is within the four and a half LIM domains protein 5 (FHL5) gene. Methods: This was a case-controlled study conducted in She people of Fujian province in China. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing were performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of the different genotypes of each SNP with migraine. Results: The rs4379368 T allele was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and was more common than the C allele in subjects with migraine (58.7 %; P = 0.049), possibly suggesting a selection bias for T allele in this population. -
Languages of Southeast Asia
Jiarong Horpa Zhaba Amdo Tibetan Guiqiong Queyu Horpa Wu Chinese Central Tibetan Khams Tibetan Muya Huizhou Chinese Eastern Xiangxi Miao Yidu LuobaLanguages of Southeast Asia Northern Tujia Bogaer Luoba Ersu Yidu Luoba Tibetan Mandarin Chinese Digaro-Mishmi Northern Pumi Yidu LuobaDarang Deng Namuyi Bogaer Luoba Geman Deng Shixing Hmong Njua Eastern Xiangxi Miao Tibetan Idu-Mishmi Idu-Mishmi Nuosu Tibetan Tshangla Hmong Njua Miju-Mishmi Drung Tawan Monba Wunai Bunu Adi Khamti Southern Pumi Large Flowery Miao Dzongkha Kurtokha Dzalakha Phake Wunai Bunu Ta w an g M o np a Gelao Wunai Bunu Gan Chinese Bumthangkha Lama Nung Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Norra Wusa Nasu Xiang Chinese Chug Nung Wunai Bunu Chocangacakha Dakpakha Khamti Min Bei Chinese Nupbikha Lish Kachari Ta se N a ga Naxi Hmong Njua Brokpake Nisi Khamti Nung Large Flowery Miao Nyenkha Chalikha Sartang Lisu Nung Lisu Southern Pumi Kalaktang Monpa Apatani Khamti Ta se N a ga Wusa Nasu Adap Tshangla Nocte Naga Ayi Nung Khengkha Rawang Gongduk Tshangla Sherdukpen Nocte Naga Lisu Large Flowery Miao Northern Dong Khamti Lipo Wusa NasuWhite Miao Nepali Nepali Lhao Vo Deori Luopohe Miao Ge Southern Pumi White Miao Nepali Konyak Naga Nusu Gelao GelaoNorthern Guiyang MiaoLuopohe Miao Bodo Kachari White Miao Khamti Lipo Lipo Northern Qiandong Miao White Miao Gelao Hmong Njua Eastern Qiandong Miao Phom Naga Khamti Zauzou Lipo Large Flowery Miao Ge Northern Rengma Naga Chang Naga Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Assamese Southern Guiyang Miao Southern Rengma Naga Khamti Ta i N u a Wusa Nasu Northern Huishui -
A Study from the Perspectives of Shared Innovation
SUBGROUPING OF NISOIC (YI) LANGUAGES: A STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF SHARED INNOVATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ESTIMATION by ZIWO QIU-FUYUAN LAMA Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON May 2012 Copyright © by Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan Lama 2012 All Rights Reserved To my parents: Qiumo Rico and Omu Woniemo Who have always wanted me to stay nearby, but they have also wished me to go my own way! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this dissertation could not have happened without the help of many people; I own much gratitude to these people and I would take this moment to express my heartfelt thanks to them. First, I wish to express my deep thanks to my supervisor, Professor Jerold A Edmondson, whose guidance, encouragement, and support from the beginning to the final page of this dissertation. His direction showed me the pathway of the writing of this dissertation, especially, while working on chapter of phylogenetic study of this dissertation, he pointed out the way to me. Secondly, I would like to thank my other committee members: Dr. Laurel Stvan, Dr. Michael Cahill, and Dr. David Silva. I wish to thank you very much for your contribution to finishing this dissertation. Your comments and encouragement were a great help. Third, I would like to thank my language informants and other people who helped me during my field trip to China in summer 2003, particularly ZHANF Jinzhi, SU Wenliang, PU Caihong, LI Weibing, KE Fu, ZHAO Hongying, ZHOU Decai, SHI Zhengdong, ZI Wenqing, and ZUO Jun. -
Lost Paths of the Southwestern Chinese Tribes the East Meets
Lost Paths of the Southwestern Chinese Tribes The East Meets west Gallery is proud to present a special art-project by Tatiana Paleeva entitled "Lost Paths of the Southwestern Chinese Tribes". Who are these ethnic groups of Miao (Hmong), Ge (Gejia), Dong, Buy (Bouyei) and Yao (Man) hidden in the highlands and mountains off beaten track and out of "civilization"? They are simple people that call themselves "people'' or "man" in their native language. The current art- project includes a large part of Tatiana Paleeva's traditional Guiizhou and Guanxi collection: antique and modern costumes of the "red" and "black" Miao, Ge, Buy, Dong peoples, with unique embroidery, appliqu? and hand weaving; religious relics, sculptures and a robe of Yao shamans, together with ancestral scrolls; silver decorations of the women of the Miao and Bouyei ethnic groups; Tatiana's own ethnic photographs, partly exhibited during her last project on China under the name "A Portrait of One". At the exhibition the artifacts collected during expeditions to Guizhou and Guanxi are presented in a synthesis of different forms of contemporary art: performance, light, music and photography, traditional ethnic dances of the Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan provinces of China, and an installation of human-like puppets to demonstrate costumes. Sacrificial banners made in a rare wax-resist method to color batik create the atmosphere of the biggest Miao traditional festival which is called "Naolue" in the Miao language ("Guzhang" in the Han Chinese language). Collectors and connoisseurs will be pleased by the first appearance in Moscow of the XIX century photographs of China by John Thomson, a well-known photographer and traveler.