UNITED STATES OF AMERICA «rongrcssional1Rccord

th PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90 CONGRESS SECOND SESSION

VOLUME 114-PART 10

MAY 8, 1968, TO MAY 15, 1968 (PAGES 12219 TO 13564)

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, 1968 13378 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE May 15, 1968 institutions. There is need for detailed THE NEWS FROM EASTERN EUROPE freedom of the press and the r1ght of as­ study of the effects of particular legal ar­ sembly. rangements, and for basic and applied re­ Mr. MONDALE. Mr. President, today's A new electoral law will be drafted, though search into law. The conduct of such re­ newspapers are filled with the news of no date for elections has been set. Mr. Husak search will require closer connection between Eastern Europe. The Czechs need West- said that the ruling National Front was "not law and the behavioral sciences. Increases In . ern economic assistance; the Russians a political party." but that the electoral law the current-ly miniscule level of funding for attacked Thomas Masaryk, the first would deal with the parties of the front-­ such studies would generate Important In­ the Communists, the Socialists and the Peo­ terdlscipllnary work. We urge Congress to President and national hero of Czecho­ ples party. support agencies authorized to provide for slovakia; and De Gaulle began a visit to A law, to be completed later this month. research on the law, and to enact pending Rumania amid warm welcomes by call­ will regUlate tl'1e rehabilltatlon of victims legislation to establlsh and fund a national ing for a united Europe and increased of previous Communist regimes. law foundation. attempts to bridge the gap between East The rehabilitation process has been in 2. The professionshould Increase Its efforts progress since e,arly this year, when the pres­ and West. ent Government came to power, Mr. Cernlk to take advantage of the developing tech­ In past weeks it has become clear that nology of electronic data processing. Possible said today that rehabilitation was "one of uses for the computer range from the stor­ Czechoslovakia is walking a fine line. the primary tasks" of the new program of tile age and systematic retrieval of legal mate­ The country must have more contacts Czechoslovak communist party. rials, to the employment of simulation tech­ with the West for the sake of its eco­ In his opening statement, Mr. Cernlk said niques and llnear programming, to calculate nomic survival. The Soviets put pressure that one of the guiding principles of the new the consequences of legally significant on the Czechs by procrastinating in pro­ regime was "to stress the democratic rights events. At the same time, the profession and freedom of citizens." viding the requested economic assistance. Discussing economic problems, Mr. Cernlk • should seek to develop the law necessary to Czechoslovak economists concede that deal withcomputer technology. and Mr. Sik. who Is this country's leading the country must extricate itself from its liberal Marxist economist. announced plans JUSTICE AND RESPECT FOR LAW lopsided dependence on trade with the for changes that contrast sharply with 1. The improvement in the organization socialist countries. However, during the orthodox communism. and administration of our courts and the first few months of this year, imports The economy Is to be reorganized to be­ methods of selecting our judges remainS a from the West dropped while imports come competitive both domestically and in pressing necessity, in part because of rapid Western export markets. increases and changes In the work of the from Eastern European nations rose The reorganization calls for creation of a courts. We reaffirm that necessity. We make more than 9 percent. central pollcymaking economic body. But at no recommendations on these subjects be­ Czechoslovak officials, worried about the same time there is to be a complete cause the American Bar Association and the their €conomic position, now welcome decentrallzation of Industry and manage­ Twenty-Seventh American Assembly, The foreign investment in industry. Premier ment, granting fUll autonomy to individual Courts, the Public and the Law Explosion, Cernik yesterday said that the new gov­ state enterprises and forcing them to com­ have spoken specifically to them. We urge pete for credits and markets. implementation of the proposals for improve­ ernment is interested in the gradual re­ Free enterprise will be permitted in "per­ ment of judicial administration contained moval of East-West trade barriers. sonal services." Mr. Sik explained that indi­ in those recommendations, except that Now is the time for the United States viduals could provide services as private busi­ which concerns automobile accident cases, a to consider our response to these changes nessmen If they worked alone or with their matter we refer to below. in Eastern Europe. I invite the attention families, though they might also employ "one 2. Equal access to the legal system requires of the Senate to the East-West trade res­ or two apprentices." not only the availability of counselors and olution I submitted last week, and to the Subsidiaries to noncompetitive enterprises advocates but also public subsidization of the will gradually be removed. other expenses of lltlgation for thesc who hearings on East-West trade scheduled Mr. Sik concedes that this might cause cannot afford them. 'rhese expenses include to begin later this month. temporary "social problems" and some un­ court fees, transcripts, deposition costs, su' I ask unanimous consent that articles employment. but said that the workers persedeas bonds and similar expenses often concerning the events in Eastern Europe, would be absorbed by other enterprises. Incurred in the defense Or assertion of published in the Washington Post and It was the announcement of Czechoslova­ claims. Each jurisdiction should provide for New York Times of May 15, be printed kia's desire to cooperate economically with waiver or pUblic subsidization of all such ex­ the West that served to emphasize the new penses for persons who ·are otherWise unable in the RECORD. regime's determination to break away from to utlllze the legal system. There being no objection,the articles the Communist bloc's economic patterns. 3. Automobile accident claims are of vital were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Mr. Sik said that Czechoslovakia would conccrn to the publlc, the court and the bar. as follows: accept Western capital for industrial "jointed We commend the American Bar Association's ventures" with state enterprises, although t~rgent PRAGUE'S LEADERS OUTLINE REFORMS; NEW It will be up to each enterprise to negotiate determination to give objective and CHARTER DUE-PREMIER AND Two DEPUTIES study to the problem. with "capitalist companies." HOLD NEWS CONFERENCE-STItESS CITIZENS' He said offers of this type were already 4. Instruction in law and legal processes, RIGHT-ECONOMIC CHANGES DUE-WESTERN shOUld be a part of primary, secondary and coming in from France, West Germany, Italy CAPITAL WELCOMED--LAW BEING DItAFTED and other Western European countries. college education. The legal profession ON FREEDOM OF THE PItESS should encourage programs of such instruc­ Discussing wllat he and Premier Cernlk tion. As part of its responsibility regarding (By Tad Szulc) described as Czechoslovakia's desire to con­ education of the public, lawyers should seek PRAGUE, May H.-Premier Oldrich Cernlk tribute economically to the "European con­ to explain court decisions, especially wllere and two deputy premiers announced at a tinent," Mr. Sik said that one of this coun­ unpopular, auel to help tlle pUblic undcr­ news conference here today a far-ranging try's goals-·but also "the hardest nut to stand that a lawyer's duty Includes repre­ program of political and economic reforms crack"-was achievement of convertibility sentation of unpopular clients. they also said Czechoslovakia would welcome for Czech currency-the crown. 5. Law enforcement must be provided the foreign Investment In industry. Re said sucl'1 convertibility must result resources to carry outits responsibilities In a sharp departure from practices since from economic productivity and not from firmly, capably and with sensitivity. Secu­ the Communist takeover In 1948, the Czecho­ arbitrary measures. rity In our dally lives depends upon this ca­ slovak premier submitted to a Western style WEIGHING MONETARY LINK pabi!!ty. The tranquility of our cities may of questioning by Czechoslovak and foreign In reply to qc,estions, Mr. Sik, said that depend upon the ability of law enforcement .eporters. it was prematUi'e to think of Czechoslovakia's to demonstrate to the community that It For an hour and 20 minutes, IVIr. Cernik potential ties with the European Common deals justly hoth with the troubles of per­ and Deputy Premiers Ota Sik and Gustav Market, but he con~eded that this country sons and with the trOUbles created by per­ Husak freely, and often humorously, replied migllt consider a relationship with the In­ sons whose lives are touched by it. to questions ranging from relations witl'1 the ternational Munetary Fund. Lawyers admInistering' justice must take Soviet Union the amount of work performed He noted that Czechoslovakia was a mem­ by civil servants. responsibility for assuring not only that ber of the Communist bloc's Council for Mu­ Revealing the latest plans in Czechoslo­ these procedures are fall' to the individual tual Economic Assistance-the Comecon­ vakia's quickening "Socialist democratic rev­ lnJd tllat she wac, preparing proposals to and the comunlty but that they appear to be olution," Mr. Cernik and his COlleagues an­ make this organization more elIective. fair, to the end that justice be done and be nounced these moves: But Mr. Sik made it clear that Czechoslo­ known to be done. We urge that the institu­ A speclal commission will be named to­ vakia would insist on her Independence and tions involved in law enforcement and morrow to draft the new constitution estab­ the protection of her interests in economic prosecution. many of which are unduly frag­ lishing a federal stHe in Czechoslovakia development. mented, should be organized and financed composed of Czechs and Slm'aks and guar­ AHer Mr. Cernik said that Czechoslovakia on a scale sufficient to enable them to per­ anteeing the rights of other minorities. would make ever" effort to use trade to break form the tasks demanded of them. Legislation is being prepared to guarantee down the "barrlers" between the east and May 15, 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 13379 the west, a reporter asked him whether this links." He credited the Soviet Union with ers find themselves in as they try to pull out country's ties wi th the Soviet Union and the keeping Europe from being "entirely en­ of their economic slump without arousing Comecon would not be an obstacle. slaved" 25 years ago, and said that the Soviet suspicions among their Communist neigh­ Mr. Cernik replied that while Czecllos10­ Union's "value and power make it an essen­ bors that the country is on the road to vakia respected her relations in Eastern Eu­ tial pillar" of a reunited Continent. capitalist domination. rope, her decision to deal with the west or But he stressed that the nations of Eu­ The new Prague team is carefUlly trying anywhere else was a matter of "our sovereign rope must put an end to "a situation in to avoid provoking the Soviet Union, which right." which many of them find themselves divided is upset by the turn the democratization He and Mr. Sik confirmed that Czechoslo­ into two opposing blocs, bowing to political, process has taken in Czechoslovakia. vakia was seeking industrial development economIc and military direction from out­ However, two of the country's top leaders credits from the Soviet Union. But they said side." indicate today, that Czechoslovakia may now Moscow had set no date for a reply to this'· From the moment de Gaulle stepped have to risk more capitalist contacts for the request. out of his Caravelle jetliner at the Bucha­ sake of its own economic survival. The premier said that the Government had rest airport he received an unprecedented One of the reasons Is Soviet procrasti­ invited the Soviet Premier, Aleksei N. Kosy­ welcome from the Rumanians, who view nation in providing requested economic gin, to visit Czechoslovakia and that he ex­ the visit as a consecration of their effort to assistance. pected him soon. He a!so saId the Hungarian win international prestige.. Premier Oldrich Cernik said at a press con­ party chief, Janos Kadar, who has emerged The streets were jammed with flagwaving ference that the new government was "in­ as a cautious supporter of Czechoslovak pol­ students and workers who were either given terested in collaboration" with Western firms, icy, would probably meet the Czechoslovak a special holiday or time off to participate and the gradual removal of East-West trade party chief, Alexander Dubcek, next month in the welcome. At the airport de Gaulle barriers. in Budapest. plunged into the crowds, who seemed sur­ Cernlk decllned to comment directly on There has been concern here that Moscow prised to be suddenly shaking his hand. whether Czechoslovakia was interested in a will not grant credits to Czechoslovakia be­ TO ADDRESS LEGISLATURE formal commercial deal with the Common cause of the growing Soviet irritation with Market. But Deputy Premier Ota Sik, who Prague's "democratic socialism." Representa­ Throughout the day, spectators gathered conceived the Czechoslovak economic pro­ tives of the Comecon countries began talks to catch a glimpse of de Gaulle as he laid gram, said that he had personally received on Moscow today. wreaths at monuments and traveled to the many proposals from Western firms, which he The news conference was held at the Pres­ Opera House for a presentation of traditional has turne(1 oyer to the Ministry for Foreign idential residence, Mr. Cernik and his as­ Rumanian dancing. Trade. sociates were as relaxed and natural as if De Gaulle is scheduled to make three The Soviet Union has procrastinated so far they had been holding sessions with the major speeches here, including addresses on the Prague request for qUick aid in the press all their lives. Later, a spokesman for to the Rumanian Parliament and Bucharest form of a hard currency loan to revive the the Premier said that such news conferences University. worsening economy, would be held regularly. In his brief arrival speech, de Gaulle also Czechoslovak economic planners have ad­ More than 100 reporters. including Amer­ stressed the tWin themes of European In­ mitted such a loan would be used in part for ican, British and Soviet correspondents, dependence and unity. purchases of llcenses and materials in the filled the large conference room along tables Ceausescu welcomed de Gaulle by sound­ West. bearing coffee, mineral water and plates of ing many of the same nationallstic notes. Cernik said gloomily today that "when it cookies, The Rumanian leader said that in Rumania's is convenient for them (the SOViets) they will Mr. Cernik, wearing a gray suit. answered view, "the nation, far from having exhausted give us an answer." questions standing in front of a microphone. its roie In modern society, still remains Adding to the urgency of the sit.uation was He accepted written questions as well as an essential factor of social llfe." the release yesterday of trade figures for those asked from the floor. When a question Like de Gaulle, he expressed the hope the first three months of the year. touched on one of his COlleague's specialties, that the two nations could strengthen poUt­ They showed imports from capitalist coun­ he would turn it over to Mr. Sik or Mr. Husak. loal ties, but he stopped short of de Gaulle's tries off from the comparable 1967 quarter After 80 minutes, Mr. Cernik told the re­ appeal for "a combined political effort." by 5 per cent and exports lower than the porters, "Thank you for coming." Ceausescu, whose shortness is accentuated average quarterly figures for 1967. Then he and his deputies mixed with the by de Gaulle's height, also inclUded a con­ Contrary to previoUs reports, there was no correspondents, shaking hands and ex'chang­ demnation of "American aggression" in Viet­ sign of any lessening of exchanges With 50­ ing pleasantries. nam in his luncheon toast. De Gaulle did ciallst countries. Imports from that area rose not refer to Vietnam in his speeches and more .than 9 per cent. [From the Washington Post, May 15, 1968J toasts today. After 20 years of mismanagement, CZech­ DE GAULLE VISITS RUMANIA, HAILS ITS oslovak economists concede the country INDEPENDENT POLICY [From the Washington (D.C.) Post, May 15, must extricate itself from its lopsided de­ (By Donald H. Louchheim) 1968] pendence on sociallst trade. BUCHAREST, May 14.-President de Gaulle PRAGUE OBSCURES U.S, FIRM'S ROLE IN The country's deficit with the capitalist called on Communist Rumania today to PROJECT countries is increasing. A hard currency loan march "side by side" with France toward a (By Dan Morgan) is needed to refinance the debt, make needed united Europe of truly independent nations. investments In housing, highways and the PRAGUE, May H.-The Czechoslovak Com­ chemical industry and work toward a con­ At the start of a siX-day state visit, de munist government is trying to play doVY'Il Gaulle indicated approval of Rumania's vertible currency, a process that Sik says will the fact that a United States company is to take five to seven years. policy of independence from the Soviet supply technological expertise for one of the Union, and indirectly appealed to Moscow to Despite new Western business interest in largest chemical combines ever planned for Czechoslovakia, there has been no dramatic permit other Eastern European nations to the country. follow the same path. upturn in investment here, even though The contract for the Slovnaft Polypropy­ Czechoslovakia is the only sociallst mem­ De Gaulle is the first Western chief of lene Chemical factory in Slovakia was state to visit. this country. which has been ber of the General Agreement on Tarllfs and signed recently, but there has as yet been Trade (GATT). as much a maverick In the Soviet bloc as no official recognition that an American firm France has been in the Western alliance. In 1951, GATT revoked most favored na­ will supply several mllllons dollars worth of tion treatment for Czechoslovakia by a vote CONGRATULATES NATION scientific and technical knOW-how for the of 24 to 1, which means that it receives none In a toast to President Nicholae Ceausecu, project. of the special tariff considerations available de Gaulle congratulated the Rumanians for [A U.S. official in Washington said that to other members. refusing to bow to either Ideology or outside under the terms of the Export Control Act. The Tatra automobile, one of the most de­ political pressure in their quest for national the government could not publicly Identify sired products in Europe in the 1930s, has independence. the American company involved. It was also practically disappeared from Western mar­ He said that France and Rumania are par­ not clear whether the co,npany had yet been kets. The Skoda auto works. however. has ticularlv wel! suited to be lnrtners in "a issued the Commerce Department license re­ just completed a cooperatl,'e deal with Sim- united political effort" to bridge "the sterile qUired of American firms selling technical mons Machine Tool Corp. • and artificial separation" between Eastern skills to East' European Communist coun­ Automobile production is now untier 100.­ and Western Europe. tries.] 000 a year, but economic planners want to Rumania has ignored SO\'iet \\ishes on On Monday the COmmunist Party news­ boost this to 200,000. major foreign policy questions OYer the last paper Rude Pravo reported that two Japa­ Sik said this would mean closing down fac­ year, and, in recent months, has mo\'ed into nese firms, Chisso and C. Itoh, will supply tories in other areas of productions. notably open opposition to Moscow on several issues. machinery and technology, but there was in the overcapitalized steel industry. He did In his toast, de GaUlle apparently sought no mention of American participation. The not say what would happen to the workers. to reassure Moscow that he had not come total cost wlll be 238 million Czechoslovak In other events in Czechoslovakia today, a to Bucharest to exacerbate the breach be­ crowns-or about e60 mlllion at the foreign Soviet marshal speaking at a steel works in tween Rumania and the Soviet Union. exchange rate. Ostrava brought greetings from Soviet Party He s3.ld, "The fact is that Rumania is next The factory project is an example of the leader Brezhnev said that the Soviet Union to Russia, to which It is attached by certain dellcate position Czechoslovakia's new lead- would not interfere With Czechoslovakia. 13380 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE May 15, 1968 PARTY TO CANVASS PUBLIC OPINION urged that Soviet and other Warsaw Pact conventions can serve as the greatest PRAGUE, May l4,--Czechoslovakia's Com­ forces be moved Into Czechoslovakia to contlibution to the Nation's interests munist leaders are asking readers of the offi­ strengthen the common defense. Yakubovsky. ,,;rlting in Pravda on the 14th and enable us to keep faith with our cial Communist Party newspaper what they heritage. think of the democratization drive, and If anniversary of the pact, declared that mem­ communism is compatible with democracy. ber stltes "have carried out. are carrying I again urge the Senate to give its ad­ But the Party Central Committee's Insti­ out and will carry out joint maneuvers of vice and consent to the conventions on­ tute of Political Science, which is taking the the united military forces." Large-scale man­ Forced Labor, Political Rights of Women, poll, has not announced whether It will pUb­ euvers originally scheduled for Czechoslovak Freedom of Association, and Genocide, lish the results, soil in April, were delayed at, Prague's request. Among the issues raised Is: "One can speak The new Czechoslovak Defense Minister said of democracy only when voters have a chance last week that only stall' maneuvers, rather DEATH OF JOHN COLLIER, FORMER to decide freely between two independent and than troop movements, would be held but COMMISSIONER OF INDIAN AF­ equal political parties which are not depend­ Moscow has yet to confirm"this limitation, FAIRS ent on each other," The Warsaw Pact commander also declared Another question in the section on democ­ that "the exposure of anti-Marxist and vari­ Mr. McGEE. Mr. President, the word racy asked is one "can only speak of socialist ous kind of anti-socialist elements" had of John Collier's death last week has democracy when the Communist Party has a now become of decisive importance and that brought to the minds of many a renewed leading role," "supreme responsibility lies with the social­ appreciation of his unique insight and The long questionnaire was printed In the ist states for the fate of the revolutionary paper, Rude Pravo, and replies were to be achievements of the peoples." exceptional contribution to humanity in sent anonymously. Yakubovsky concluded by asserting that general and to the Indians of the Amer­ Dan Morgan oj The Washington Post filed recent Communist summit meetings at Sofia, icas in particular. John Collier is an in­ this report from Prague: Desden and Moscow had "reaffirmed the de­ dividual very often described in super­ A top Czechoslovak official today indicated termination to strengthen In all ways the latives, as illustrated by the Washington the new government is not interested in hav­ monolithic structure of our ranks." At the Post's editorial, beginning: ing Hungarian Party leader Janos Kadar me­ Dresden meeting, he said, "concrete meas­ diate in its difficulties with the Soviet Union. ures for strengthening the Warsaw Pact and John Collier Is probably the best-known There had been reports from Budapest that its military organization were unanimously authority this country has produced on the Kadar would meet Czechoslovak Party leader decided." which would act as 'guarantee" of subject of the American Indian. Alexander Dubcek here soon to discuss the the pact's future. The reference to unani­ On his 80th birthday, in 1964, Mr. Col­ issue. mous decisions at Dresden last March 23 lier was named by the Secretary of the However, Premier Oldrich Cernik said the seemed strange, In view of the fact that Ru­ two would not meet before Dubcek goes to mania, a pact member, was not invited there Interior to receive the Distinguished BUdapest in June, and then primarily to and has stated it will not honor decisions Service Award, the highest honor of that work out a new trade agreement. made in Its absence, Czechoslovak leader Department, in recognition of his ex­ Alexander Dubcek did attend, but his govern_ traordinary leadership in the field of [From the Washington Post, May 15, 19681 ment is reported to have reconsidered since Indian affairs. The citation opened with then his original assent to a new pact politi­ this paragraph: Moscow Is INCREASING PRESSURES ON PRAGUE cal council, with headquarters in Moscow. (By Anatole Shub) Along with the Masaryk attack and Yaku­ John Collier, humanitarian, conservation­ Moscow, May l4.-The Soviet Union today bovsky warning, the Soviet press today re­ Ist, poet, and teacher was United States began Increasing the pressure on Czecho­ printed without comment new assurances of Commissioner of Indian Affairs from 1933 to slovakia despite renewed assurances of loyalty loyalty to the alliance by DUbcek, Czecho­ 1945. He is being honored today because more from Prague. The main developments were: slovak ambassador to Moscow Vladimir Kou­ than any other one person, he symbolizes A blistering attack on the late Thomas G. cky, and the Czechoslovak Defense Ministry. the turnabout in the nation's treatment of Masaryk, Czechoslovakia's first President, on the American Indian. whose grave the new President, Ludvik Svo­ Mr. Collier was caught up in the fore­ boda, laid a ceremonial wreath last month. NEED TO KEEP FAITH WITH AMERICAN HERITAGE front of the struggles, both in and out of A carefully phrased warning by Soviet Government, for the rights of Indians Marshal Ivan Yakubovsky, military com­ Mr. PROXMIRE. Mr. President, Amer­ and other dependent peoples of the mander of the Warsaw Pact, that pact ica's support for the important Human Czechoslovakia~are world. In 1946, in London, he, served as states-inCIuding ex­ Rights Conventions on Forced Labor pected to carry out the long-delayed joint an adviser to the U.S. delegation at the maneuvers of their armed forces and to en­ Political Rights of Women, Freedom of first General Assembly of the United act new measures for tightening the pact's Association, and Genocide would help to Nations where guiding trusteeship con­ high command. clarify the basic problems cluttering the cepts were formulated. He devoted him­ The attack on Masaryk, which appeared in road to world peace. self to the principle of civilian admin­ the newspaper Sovietskaya Rossiya, seemed The American tradition-an unalter­ certain to provoke a strong reaction in istration and increased local participa­ able belief in human rights-sets our tion in the governments of Guam and Prague, which is preparing to celebrate this great country apart from other nations fall the 50th anniversary of Czechoslovak in­ American Samoa. dependence. Masaryk was generally regarded which live lmder totalitarian rule and In an unpublished poem written in his as the George Washington and Thomas Jef­ order. 70th year, John Collier wrote: ferson of that independence until Stalinists I have for many months spoken in forbade even the mention of his name from the Senate, asking that the Senate ratify Then, it might be, from our so-transient 1950 to 1963. He has been restored full honors these treaties and put a stop to the diplo­ hour in the current Czechoslovak national revival. Some Impulse, some strange grace to future matic embarrassment inflicted upon our man The Soviet attaok, drawing partly on the country. work of a Czechoslovak Stalinist historian Might pass; ... murderer~ Especially during the observance of charged Masaryk With subsidiZing International Human Rights Year it is I think we can affirm that he did in­ and spies in Russia during and after the civil n~w deed g've to today's and future man the war, and accused him of "bloody crimes imperative that we take action to against the Soviet and Czechoslovak peoples." reaffirm our Constitution and end our ideas. action, and courage which stood "We would not mention this now," the professed righteousness. tall and led. article declared, "if it were not for the slogan It is quite perplexing to see the con­ Mr. President, I ask unahimous con­ 'Back to Masaryk' that has been wittingly tinuation of this country's failure to sent that an editorial entitled "Indians or unwittingly taken up by some people in put its responsibility on the line and en­ Lose a Friend," published in the Wash­ fraternal Czechoslovakia... , Do those peo­ dorse these treaties which distinguish ington Post, and an article entitled "John ple who repeat this slogan today realize what Collier, 'Ex-Commissioner of Indian Af­ disaster they are courting for their people?" our idea of government from any and Although 'Masaryk died in 1935, the arti­ all types of tyranny. fairs, Is Dead at 84," published in the cle blamed his successors for the loss of I recall the words ofPresident Johnson New York Times, be printed in the Czechoslovak independence through the 1938 while commemorating the United Na­ RECORD. Munich Pact. The cause, according to So­ tions: There being no objection, the articles vletskaya Rossiya, was the Prague govern­ The world must finish once and for all were ordered to be printed in the ment's rejection of a Soviet proposal to ren­ RECORD, as follows: der military assistance. The proposal involved the myth of inequality of races and peoples, the passage of Soviet anned forces through with tile scandal of discrimination, with the (From the Washington Post, May II, 19681 Poland into Czechoslovakia-an Idea by no shocking vi elation of human rights, and the INDIANS LOSE A FRIEND cynical violation of p::>Htical rights. means irrelevant toqay. East Germany and JoJ'n Collier Is pr.:>bably the best-known other critics of Prague's new course have Our adherence to the human rights authority tllis country has produced on the