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In Defense of Rap Music: Not Just Beats, Rhymes, Sex, and Violence
In Defense of Rap Music: Not Just Beats, Rhymes, Sex, and Violence THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Crystal Joesell Radford, BA Graduate Program in Education The Ohio State University 2011 Thesis Committee: Professor Beverly Gordon, Advisor Professor Adrienne Dixson Copyrighted by Crystal Joesell Radford 2011 Abstract This study critically analyzes rap through an interdisciplinary framework. The study explains rap‟s socio-cultural history and it examines the multi-generational, classed, racialized, and gendered identities in rap. Rap music grew out of hip-hop culture, which has – in part – earned it a garnering of criticism of being too “violent,” “sexist,” and “noisy.” This criticism became especially pronounced with the emergence of the rap subgenre dubbed “gangsta rap” in the 1990s, which is particularly known for its sexist and violent content. Rap music, which captures the spirit of hip-hop culture, evolved in American inner cities in the early 1970s in the South Bronx at the wake of the Civil Rights, Black Nationalist, and Women‟s Liberation movements during a new technological revolution. During the 1970s and 80s, a series of sociopolitical conscious raps were launched, as young people of color found a cathartic means of expression by which to describe the conditions of the inner-city – a space largely constructed by those in power. Rap thrived under poverty, police repression, social policy, class, and gender relations (Baker, 1993; Boyd, 1997; Keyes, 2000, 2002; Perkins, 1996; Potter, 1995; Rose, 1994, 2008; Watkins, 1998). -
Rolling Stone Magazine's Top 500 Songs
Rolling Stone Magazine's Top 500 Songs No. Interpret Title Year of release 1. Bob Dylan Like a Rolling Stone 1961 2. The Rolling Stones Satisfaction 1965 3. John Lennon Imagine 1971 4. Marvin Gaye What’s Going on 1971 5. Aretha Franklin Respect 1967 6. The Beach Boys Good Vibrations 1966 7. Chuck Berry Johnny B. Goode 1958 8. The Beatles Hey Jude 1968 9. Nirvana Smells Like Teen Spirit 1991 10. Ray Charles What'd I Say (part 1&2) 1959 11. The Who My Generation 1965 12. Sam Cooke A Change is Gonna Come 1964 13. The Beatles Yesterday 1965 14. Bob Dylan Blowin' in the Wind 1963 15. The Clash London Calling 1980 16. The Beatles I Want zo Hold Your Hand 1963 17. Jimmy Hendrix Purple Haze 1967 18. Chuck Berry Maybellene 1955 19. Elvis Presley Hound Dog 1956 20. The Beatles Let It Be 1970 21. Bruce Springsteen Born to Run 1975 22. The Ronettes Be My Baby 1963 23. The Beatles In my Life 1965 24. The Impressions People Get Ready 1965 25. The Beach Boys God Only Knows 1966 26. The Beatles A day in a life 1967 27. Derek and the Dominos Layla 1970 28. Otis Redding Sitting on the Dock of the Bay 1968 29. The Beatles Help 1965 30. Johnny Cash I Walk the Line 1956 31. Led Zeppelin Stairway to Heaven 1971 32. The Rolling Stones Sympathy for the Devil 1968 33. Tina Turner River Deep - Mountain High 1966 34. The Righteous Brothers You've Lost that Lovin' Feelin' 1964 35. -
MSU Receives Accreditation Discussions for Choosing an Interim President Administrator at MSU
lontana mourns loss of MSU President Mike Malone provost, remembered Malone's who had a particular affection vn Lehmann passion for history. for the students. nem News Editor "Michael was someone, no "Michael involved the matter what the issue, that could students more than any bring up a piece of history or a president I know or even heard Michael Malone, '.\1SU storv that not onlv enlightened of," Dooley said. "He was ·ident, scholar, and avid and.entertained, but also made someone who took pride in his rian died Dec. 21 of a heart an important point," Dooley work, but especially in the k at Gallatin Field Airport. said. students and faculty." Malone had just returned as59. Malone had authored nine Malone had arrived at the books and 20 articles during his from Spokane after meeting with rt on a late flight. He then career, and at the time of his officials from Washington State e parking lot in his car and death, he was under contract University who were considering eled a few yards before with Yale University Press for a him for the position of president. ·ng a light post. Efforts by tenth book about western Malone turned it down. citing his ·ersb\ to resuscitate him American history since 1930. commitment to MSU. >d and he was pronounced Under l\lalone's ASMSU president Jared at the scene. Malone was leader hip O\'e r the past nine Harris felt that Malone was one nosed in 1995 with vears. '.\!SU sav. great strides in o f-a-kind. -
A World Record!
TONight’s CONCERT LINE-UP OF SKID ROW EE 7 8 SWEET FRIDAY CYANIDE FR AUG. 7, 2015 ® STURGIS RIDER DAILY Fri 8/7 Sat 8/8 Sun 8/9 A WORLD RecORD! Doug Danger flies into history he undisputed DON’t Miss king of stunt Bob Hansen Award Recipients men? Sure, cer- Page 4 tain names might come to Rat’s Hole Winners mind at that phrase. But since Tyesterday, at 6:03 PM, the only Page 5 name people are mention- 5 Minutes with Michael Lichter ing is Doug Danger. Because that was the time on the clock Page 3 when Danger jumped 22 cars aboard Evel Knievel’s XR-750 Harley-Davidson, a stunt EAGLE 75 Knievel once attempted but Page 12 failed to complete. The feat took place in the amphitheater at the Sturgis STURGIS BUFFALo Chip’s Buffalo Chip as part of the Evel Knievel Thrill Show. Dan- WOLFMAN JACK STAGE ger, who has been performing motorcycle jumps for decades, TONIGHT was inspired by Knievel when he was young and got to know 7 PM ..................SWEET CYANIDE him later in life. Danger 8:30 PM .....................SKID ROW regarded this stunt not as way to best his hero but as a favor, 10:30 PM ...............DEF LEPPARD completing a task for a friend. Danger is fully cognizant of TOMORROW the potential peril of his cho- sen profession and he’s real- 7 PM ............................ NICNOS istic; he knows firsthand the flip side of a successful jump. 8:30 PM ............... ADELITAS WAY But he felt solid and confident 10:30 PM ..........................WAR Continued on Page 2 PAGE 2 STURGIS RIDER DAILY FRIDAY, AUG. -
1Ssues• May Stall Pact for Faculty
In Sports I" Section 2 ·An Associated Collegiate Press Four-Star All-American Newspaper Coles soars in The Boss is NCAA slam back with two dunk contest new albums page 85 page 81 Economic 1ssues• may stall pact for faculty By Doug Donovan ltdmindltllitie news Editor He said, she said. So went the latest round of contract negotiations between the faculty and the administration. The faculty's contract negotiating team contends that administrative bargaining tactics have the potential to stall the talks and delay the signing of a new contract. But the administration says the negotiations are moving at a normal pace. Robert Carroll, president of the l~cal chapter of the Association of American University Professors (AAUP), said he was disappointed with the March 27 talk~ because the administrative bargaining team came to the session stating it was "not prepared to discuss economic issues." • "It was an amicable session and a number of issues were discussed at length," said Carroll, a professor in the plant and soil science depanment. "But very little progress was made." However, Maxine R. Colm, leader of the administrative b~rgaining team, said an agreement was reached with the AAUP to THE REVIEW / Lori Barbag pursue non-economic issues of the proposed A delegation from the university was among the 500,000 who attended Sunday's rally for what supporters called "reproductive freedom." contract before economic issues. "We agreed to discuss non-economic issues first and we did precisely that," said Colm, who also serves as the university's vice president for Employee Relations. ' . Colm said that "not prepared" was a Half million rally for abortion rights common phrase used by negotiating parties when they are not going to discuss a certain topic. -
"Authenticity" in Rap Music by Consumers."
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2010 "Rapping About Authenticity": Exploring the Differences in Perceptions of "Authenticity" in Rap Music by Consumers." James L. Wright UTK, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons, Ethnomusicology Commons, Social Psychology and Interaction Commons, and the Sociology of Culture Commons Recommended Citation Wright, James L., ""Rapping About Authenticity": Exploring the Differences in Perceptions of "Authenticity" in Rap Music by Consumers.". " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/760 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by James L. Wright entitled ""Rapping About Authenticity": Exploring the Differences in Perceptions of "Authenticity" in Rap Music by Consumers."." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Sociology. Suzaanne B. Kurth, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Robert Emmet Jones; Hoan Bui; Debora Baldwin Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by James L. -
Full Article
Diggin’ For GOLD LABEL OF LOVE NEEDLE MYTHOLOGY Pete Paphides Q&A (founder) Interview: Jamie Atkins There’s plenty you can tell about the coming fortunes of a record label from the enthusiasm of those behind it. So, judging from the state of my wants list after an hour or so sat around the kitchen table of its founder – writer and broadcaster Pete Paphides – the future of Needle Mythology looks rosy. From waxing lyrical about Barry Booth’s 1968 album, Diversions (featuring lyrics by future Pythons Terry Jones and to take shape. With the first two Michael Palin) to praising the musical releases on Needle Mythology – comfort food of Eleanor Friedberger’s reissues of that Broudie album, plus third solo album, 2016’s New View, the original configuration of Stephen Paphides has the sort of zealot’s Duffy’s I Love My Friends (1998), enthusiasm for music that can cause each featuring fanbait bonuses – otherwise sane individuals to gaze imminent, RC was keen to find out longingly at the label logo and more, starting with the big question. catalogue number on a sleeve and think, “I could do that.” Why start a label? And now Paphides’ daydreams The short answer is that there were have become reality, with his first a bunch of records that I wanted to pair of releases about to hit the racks. have in my collection and I didn’t, They’ve been a while in the making. because they just didn’t exist on vinyl. A few years back, following his weekly So I had to put them out myself. -
The Evolution of Commercial Rap Music Maurice L
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 A Historical Analysis: The Evolution of Commercial Rap Music Maurice L. Johnson II Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATION A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS: THE EVOLUTION OF COMMERCIAL RAP MUSIC By MAURICE L. JOHNSON II A Thesis submitted to the Department of Communication in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree Awarded: Summer Semester 2011 The members of the committee approve the thesis of Maurice L. Johnson II, defended on April 7, 2011. _____________________________ Jonathan Adams Thesis Committee Chair _____________________________ Gary Heald Committee Member _____________________________ Stephen McDowell Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii I dedicated this to the collective loving memory of Marlena Curry-Gatewood, Dr. Milton Howard Johnson and Rashad Kendrick Williams. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the individuals, both in the physical and the spiritual realms, whom have assisted and encouraged me in the completion of my thesis. During the process, I faced numerous challenges from the narrowing of content and focus on the subject at hand, to seemingly unjust legal and administrative circumstances. Dr. Jonathan Adams, whose gracious support, interest, and tutelage, and knowledge in the fields of both music and communications studies, are greatly appreciated. Dr. Gary Heald encouraged me to complete my thesis as the foundation for future doctoral studies, and dissertation research. -
Fanatics!: Power, Identity and Fandom in Football
6 ‘FOOTBALL’S COMING HOME’ BUT WHOSE HOME? AND DO WE WANT IT? Nation, football and the politics of exclusion Ben Carrington Racism manifests itself in plural and complex forms. In this situation the logic of racism needs to be appraised in what we shall call metonymic elaborations. This means that racisms may be expressed through a variety of coded signifiers…. Contemporary racisms have evolved and adapted to new circumstances. The crucial property of these elaborations is that they can produce a racist effect while denying that this effect is the result of racism. (Solomos and Back 1996:27, emphasis added) Introduction This chapter argues that the dominant discourse that surrounded Euro 96 (the 1996 European Football Championships) drew on, and reinforced, a form of cultural racism that currently appears to be pervasive. It is argued that the national ‘imagined community’ (Anderson 1991) that was re- constructed was one that actively worked to exclude certain categories of people—being both gendered and racially exclusive. Seeking to understand the underlying cultural processes that generated this discourse, I show the connections between other cultural spheres, notably pop music, and argue that these cultural expressions are part of a wider reassertion of a narrow and closed white male English identity which has become coded as the so- called ‘New Lad’ phenomenon. The chapter surveys some of the contemporary characteristics of popular culture before locating the pivotal role of comedians David Baddiel and Frank Skinner in generating the Euro 96 anthem, ‘Three Lions’ with its ‘football’s coming home’ chorus, and outlines why this song and related themes became so popular within both the public and political imagination. -
Cash Box Takes a Look at the Artists, Music and Trends That Will Make Their GREGORY S
9 VOL. LV, NO. 36, MAY 2, 1992 STAFF BOX GEORGE ALBERT President and Publisher KEITH ALBERT Vice President/General Manager FRED L GOODMAN Editor In Chief CAMILLE GOMPASIO Director, Coin Machine Operations LEEJESKE New York Editor MARKETING LEON BELL Director, Los Angeles MARK WAGNER Director, Nashville KEN PIOTROWSKI (LA) EDITORIAL INSIDE THE BOX RANDY CLARK, Assoc. Ed. (LA) COVER STORY f BRYAN DeVANEY, Assoc. Ed. (LA) BERNETTA GREEN (New York) New For ’92 STEVE GIUFFRIDA (Nashville) CORY CHESHIRE, Nashville Editor Cash Box takes a look at the artists, music and trends that will make their GREGORY S. COOPER—Gspel,(Na^vfe) CHART RESEARCH marks on the industry this year. From the worlds of pop, rock, r&b, rap, CHERRY URESTI (LA) JIMMY PASCHAL (LA) jazz, country, gospel and others, we provide our readers with a look into RAYMOND BALLARD (LA) MIA TROY (LA) the near future and discover who the next stars will be. There's also a special COREY BELL (LA) JOHN COSSIBOOM (Nash) section on the new technologies that will affect the products and services CHRIS BERKEY (Nash) PRODUCTION that both industry insiders and consumers will be using soon. JIM GONZALEZ Ad Director —see page 11 CIRCULAVON NINATREGUB, Manager CYNTHIA BANTA Madonna + Millions = Maverick PUBLICATION OFFICES Superstar Madonna, her longtime manager Freddy DeMann and Time NEW YORK 157 W.57th Street (Suite 503) New Warner Inc., have formed Maverick, a multi -media entertainment company. York, NY 10019 Phone:(212)586-2640 Maverick will encompass many facets of entertainment including records, Fax: (212) 582-2571 HOLLYWOOD music publishing, film, merchandising and book publishing. -
Freestyle Rap Practices in Experimental Creative Writing and Composition Pedagogy
Illinois State University ISU ReD: Research and eData Theses and Dissertations 3-2-2017 On My Grind: Freestyle Rap Practices in Experimental Creative Writing and Composition Pedagogy Evan Nave Illinois State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, Creative Writing Commons, Curriculum and Instruction Commons, and the Educational Methods Commons Recommended Citation Nave, Evan, "On My Grind: Freestyle Rap Practices in Experimental Creative Writing and Composition Pedagogy" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 697. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd/697 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ISU ReD: Research and eData. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ISU ReD: Research and eData. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ON MY GRIND: FREESTYLE RAP PRACTICES IN EXPERIMENTAL CREATIVE WRITING AND COMPOSITION PEDAGOGY Evan Nave 312 Pages My work is always necessarily two-headed. Double-voiced. Call-and-response at once. Paranoid self-talk as dichotomous monologue to move the crowd. Part of this has to do with the deep cuts and scratches in my mind. Recorded and remixed across DNA double helixes. Structurally split. Generationally divided. A style and family history built on breaking down. Evidence of how ill I am. And then there’s the matter of skin. The material concerns of cultural cross-fertilization. Itching to plant seeds where the grass is always greener. Color collaborations and appropriations. Writing white/out with black art ink. Distinctions dangerously hidden behind backbeats or shamelessly displayed front and center for familiar-feeling consumption. -
Here She Is ... Miss Bennett Move Not Only with New Many Artists Shy Away Firom Chilee’ Hailes Music but a New Look
NOVEMBER 4, 1993 • BENNETT BANNER • 3 D’CHERIPS MUSIC REVIEW Salt N' Pepa is back By D’Cherie Lofton platinum. Bennett Banner Salt N’ Pepa have been If you’re searching for in the rap scene since 1986 flavor, search no more. and maturity has encom Salt N* Pepa is serving passed an impact on all of mad flavor with their new them. release “Very Necessary.” ‘We have to be more The first single from the al serious about the future with bum “Shoop” is keeping the children. We have to think request lines hot. Along with about the future because you their all-star cut “Whatta have someone depending on man” which is a collabora you," Salt said. tion with the funky divas Their concern for the EnVouge, “VeryNecessary” future is evident by the pub- has all the makings of what Uc service announcements I call “phat jams,” from the included in their new album pulsing reggae groove of that deal with AIDS. (It's Salt N‘ Pepa is back on the scene with their new release "Shoop, Shoop, Shoop." “Groove Me” to “Somma performed by WEATOC, a Time Man” to “Bresdc of teen outreach/activism Dawn.” group from Boston.) The ladies are on the "It’s a subject than Here she is ... Miss Bennett move not only with new many artists shy away firom Chilee’ Hailes music but a new look. These when recording." ing." tured Tammi McCall, a se Banner Reporter three mothers, business Salt N’ Pepa are fac Penny Speas, chair nior communications major Splendor, elegance, women and performers are ing reahty and deeding with person of the English and who presented a dramatic beauty and grace are just a committed to having as it with the skit called “I’ve Foreign Language Depart reading of Nikki Giovanni’s few words that come to mind much control over their ca Got AIDS." ment, and Miss Bennett Col “Ego-Trippin." when one thinks of the Coro reers and their lives as pos Salt N’Pepa brought lege 1985-1986 said, “This One of the most touch nation of Miss Bennett Col sible.