Long-Term Vision for Terrestrial Broadcast DVB Examines the Market Requirements

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Issue No. 45 DVBSCENE March 2015 Delivering the Digital Standard www.dvb.org Long-Term Vision For Terrestrial Broadcast DVB Examines the Market Requirements

DVB Access Systems S2X Implementation Guidelines HbbTV 2.0 04 DVB-CSS Specification Broadcast Broadband 07 Standardizing HDR & WCG e.g., DVB-S Companion Screen Device 08 Terrestrial Broadcast Q&A

Hybrid 12 Regional Early Warning Systems Internet Terminal Back Channel 13 Harmonized Security Framework Application Uplink Hosting / 06 10 Web-Playout 11 14 Market Watch Broadcaster & Application Provider

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To learn more, visit www.verimatrix.com/broadcast-hybrid In the year 2030 A Word From DVB Broadcast TV to be extinct by 2030! then there is the ease of the actual use BUILDING A WORLD This interesting statement was a of linear TV. Let’s face it: setting up prediction made by Netflix CEO an internet connection and dealing Reed Hastings some weeks ago. with a computer or a similar device is Personally I am a Netflix customer not everyone’s cup of tea. We OF SECURE and I must say to Mr Hastings that I probably all know people that would like the services offered by Netflix. not think of watching TV any other However, independent of how much way but linearly. Finally, there is the I appreciate the convenience of TV trust we have in a broadcaster. If I shows and old movies on demand; had the choice of watch the news Peter Siebert MULTI-NETWORK would I give up broadcast TV? There from the BBC or Netflix — the Executive Director are certain features which nonlinear answer is clear. News is very services do not deliver. First of all important for us and we definitely we still read books and newspapers, there are events we want to watch in a want to get it from we continue to listen to the radio and SOLUTIONS linear fashion, for instance sporting a trusted source. go to the movies. Nonlinear TV is the events. It is difficult to imagine how My answer to Mr Hasting’s new kid on the block, but this does the final of the FIFA World Cup statement is that, yes, nonlinear not mean that existing media could be watched on Netflix. services play an important role in platforms such as broadcast TV will Secondly I do not always want to media consumption and will become disappear. make a conscious decision what to even more relevant in the future. So, when 2030 arrives there will be watch. Sometimes when coming However, this will not make an agreeable coexistence of nonlinear home from work I switch on the broadcast TV obsolete. There have and linear services. However, we will television, zap through the channels been many new technologies have to wait and see if Netflix will and just want to be surprised. And introduced over the last decades, but still be around.

New Standards

TS 102 606-1 Ver. 1.2.1: Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE); Part 1: Protocol (Jul - 2014) TS 102 606-2 Ver. 1.1.1: Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE); Part 2: Logical Link Control (LLC) (Jul - 2014) TS 102 606-3 Ver. 1.1.1: Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE); Part 3: Robust Header Compression (ROHC) for IP (Jul - 2014) TR 101 290 Ver. 1.3.1: Measurement guidelines for DVB systems (Jul - 2014) TS 103 287 Ver. 1.1.1: Modulator Interface (C2-MI) for a second generation digital transmission system for cable systems (DVB-C2) (Sep - 2014) EN 302 307-1 Ver. 1.4.1: Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications; Part 1: DVB-S2(Nov - 2014) TS 102 034 Ver. 1.5.2 : Transport of MPEG-2 TS Based DVB Services over IP Based Networks (Dec - 2014) New Members

Loewe Technologies GmbH is a premium home entertainment brand that designs, manufactures, and distributes products that stand out through their clear, precise, and elegant design. www.loewe.tv TechUK is the trading name for the Information Technology Telecommunications and Electronics Association that represents more than 850 technology companies based in the United Kingdom. www.techuk.org Xcrypt Inc. is an innovative solution provider of conditional access systems for digital pay TV and content delivery. www.xcrypt.co.kr

The DVB World Networking Dinner is proudly Copenhagen sponsored by Eutelsat. 2015 Multi-network revenue security enables you to cost-effectively 23 - 25 March reach your subscribers across different networks, devices Published by the DVB Project Office, All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced DVB, the DVB logo marks, MHP and the MHP logo are registered and geographic boundaries. c/o European Broadcasting Union, without prior consent of the publisher. All content correct at time trademarks of the DVB Project. Certain other product names, brand 17a Ancienne Route, of printing. © DVB SCENE 2015. names and company names may be trademarks or designations of CH-1218 Grand Saconnex, Switzerland. their respective owners. The views expressed in this newsletter are those of the individual Discover how Verimatrix is working with global digital TV Editors: William Daly, Harold Bergin DVB members or guests and are not necessarily the views of the Printed by New Goff n.v. Editorial & Advertising enquiries to: WHD PR DVB Project Office or Steering Board. operators to build a single harmonized rights management Email: [email protected] Telephone: +44 (0)20 7799 3100 www.dvb.org . www.dvbworld.org . www.dvbservices.com platform that protects and enhances revenue. To subscribe to DVB SCENE and DVB SCENE eNews free of charge visit: www.dvb.org /subscribe To learn more, visit www.verimatrix.com/broadcast-hybrid DVB SCENE | March 2015 3 Enabling Interaction DVB-CSS Specification Family Kevin Murray, Chair TM-CSS

What does the DVB-CSS (Companion • triggers – broadcast markers that are Kevin Murray is a System Architect in SPVSS Screens and Supplementary Streams) family of interest to the application, in Cisco. His work has included contributing to of specifications cover? In the simplest and • identifiers and timeline resolution – a the development of HD, new coding techniques, most general terms, the specification is about Material Resolution Service that can advanced DVRs, IP delivery of TV and most providing the ability for devices (such as translate identifiers and timelines, providing recently to the use of companion screens. tablets or smartphones) to interact with the updates to these translations as needed, and devices and parts of the specification are television (or STB) and so become part of • clock synchronization – the ability for linked by the interfaces and protocols. the overall television experience. This the devices to have a shared clock. Most (though not all) of the interfaces experience has expanded over time – it These interfaces provide flexibility to are designed to be friendly towards started with just pictures and sounds on a accommodate a range of use cases. For HTML-5 applications, whilst not placing single device. Other components and devices example, any given television program significant complexity or overhead on have been added, starting with telephone may be transmitted many times over many native applications. For instance, voting and now including a wide range of different delivery mechanisms, some of communications are over WebSocket supplementary material (audio, video and which are outside the control or detailed protocols and use JSON (JavaScript graphical/data), via a range of routes knowledge of the original content owner. Object Notation) formatted messages. including the internet. This specification Specific content identifiers and timelines The exceptions to this are the discovery family builds on this change and defines a can be carried where possible, or can be protocols based on UPnP1 and the lowest framework that allows applications on smart obtained via translation from arbitrary level clock synchronization protocols, devices to construct an integrated, values using the Material Resolution which use UDP (User Datagram Protocol) synchronized content experience over the Server. Both cases include support for a for timeliness reasons. home network potentially drawing together range of timeline related use cases. As not Whilst only recently completed and many components from multiple sources. all this flexibility is needed in all cases, the published, the specifications are already The specification family currently specifications allow for simpler being referenced. HbbTV 2.0 is planned comprises three parts: the first is a generic deployments or usage as appropriate. to reference much of this functionality, to architecture and framework giving an easy The final part defines how the devices support synchronization between introduction to the ideas, approaches and find each other, and builds on UPnP applications, screens and other devices. terminologies used. This is a good starting (Universal Plug and Play), specifically the point to get an overview of the new Application Management extensions Specification Availability and More specifications as it also describes the of the UPnP MultiScreen extensions. Information interface points that are defined in the Figure 1 shows the protocol stacks DVB has also produced a Fact Sheet subsequent parts. used and defined in the specifications for with more technical information on the The second, and largest, part provides both TV and companion devices, and specifications; this is available from the definitions for many of the interfaces. indicates which apply to just one and DVB website. Part 2 of the specification These interfaces address: which to both of the device families. family should be available as an ETSI • content identification – working out Where the protocol applies to both, specification as ETSI TS 103 282-2, with what is on the television, typically this means that the television parts 1 and 3 expected to follow by April. • content synchronization – allowing a implements the server side of the protocol Parts 1 and 3 are also available as DVB device to display content synchronized to and the companion device the client side Blue Books A167-1 and A167-3. that on the television, of the protocol. Figure 2 shows how the 1 W3C currently has work underway exploring the feasibility of introducing access to such functionality Figure 1 within browsers using the Network Service Discovery.

Identi ers, Timelines and Triggers Figure 2

Material CSS-DA FigureResolution 2 Service Broadcaster (Wall Clock) CSS-CII CSS-TE CSS-TS CSS-MRS

CSS-WC (MRS) DVB Management) TS and IP Services DASH (Application DVB (MPEG) UPnP WebSocket CSS-MRS Internet DVB HTTP HTTP

TLS TLS (optional) Companion CSS-DA TV Device Device TCP UDP TCP CSS-CII CSS-WC IP CSS-TS CSS-TE Companion Device Protocols Home Television Device Protocols Network

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DVB SCENE | March 2015 5

2014_INBROAD_DIALOG_210x297mm.indd 1 1/28/15 10:36 AM Access for All DVB Access Systems Make Sense David Wood, EBU

The headline “Subtitle Hell!” draws an broadcaster usually has no additional audience. In recent months, from San funding to cover the cost of providing them. David Wood Francisco to London, you could read about They argue that they need both the EBU Consultant - Technology and Innovation how live subtitling of TV programs led to technology, and the help to pay for its use. screens of gobbledygook. Sometimes it can The reality is that access systems’ use in the window”) heard in the pauses in the official be amusing - for example, the tennis world today is proportional to the amount dialog. The broadcaster can provide a second commentator whose remark “This is a big of national regulation that there is, and the sound channel that has the combination of miss” came out as “This is a bigamist”. But wealth of the broadcaster. the dialog and the audio descriptions, or a it’s usually annoying. Read on and later we The most needed and used access system second sound channel with just the audio will explain why this happens. Providing is subtitles for the hard of hearing (aka descriptions that is then mixed with the help for those with disabilities to enjoy closed captions). Preceded by the use of dialog in the TV set. The resulting mix isn’t television is very ‘selfish’. The older we get, Teletext and the US closed captioning always perfect, and it would be good to have the more our sight, hearing, and cognitive system, the DVB Subtitling system has mixing standards agreed. abilities can weaken. Sooner or later we may served digital broadcasting well. We should Another important access system is all need help to experience the media. also not underestimate the value of ‘signing’. We sometimes see a ‘signer’ person And there is also a large ‘wave’ providing ‘spoken’ versions of subtitles, for cut into the TV image, who translates the approaching. Several years ago the United those who cannot read the written versions. dialog or effects to sign language. There is Nations agreed the ‘Declaration on the When it seemed that 3DTV would be no technical trick here, and this is ‘brute Rights of Persons with Disabilities’. It popular, DVB developed a system that force’ technology that consumes a channel demands that signatory States take all moved the image of the subtitles forwards - and tends to irritate those who don’t need reasonable measures to make the media and backwards in a 3D scene to follow the the signing. High on our wish list is a accessible to everyone. It is legally binding, ‘depth position in the scene’ of the person system that will allow the viewer to choose and sooner or later, broadcasters will need to speaking. Today work is in hand, thanks to whether the signer is cut into the image or provide the tools to help those with groups led by Giles Godard-Brown, BSkyB, not. A great idea for being able to do this is disabilities. and Peter Cherriman, BBC, on a subtitling to use a hybrid system like HbbTV, which The DVB duly prepares specifications system for DVB UHD-1 Phase 1. will bring in the optional signer via internet. for access systems. But the world’s media do The next most useful access system is We await a specification for this. not take all the measures they might. The probably ‘audio descriptions’. This brings There is a whole list of technical options fundamental barrier is often funding. the viewer, with sight disabilities, an insight for access services that may, we hope, appear Access services today are only of value to into what is happening in the scene by a in the years ahead. Alas we have no space to a proportion of the viewers, and the voiced description (“she moves to the examine them all here. But one more that enjoys recently agreed DVB specifications is Accurate subtitles can be a problem with live programs – the commentator here actually said ‘Clean Audio’. It is originally the work of “That is a big miss”. Harald Fuchs and the team at the Fraunhofer Institute in Nuremberg. The viewer, with a suitably equipped TV and TV broadcast, can adjust the relative levels of foreground and background in the audio. This can make dialog much clearer and more enjoyable to those with hearing disabilities. Let’s return to the gobbledygook. The reason that live subtitles can be incorrect is that there is no time to check them. An individual, the ‘respeaker’, repeats the dialog as he/she hears it off the screen, and a computer translates his/her voice into text. I asked Pilar Orero from Barcelona University, one of the world’s experts in subtitles, how the accuracy of the subtitles could be improved. She explained that they can be improved if the live TV program is, in reality, delayed by 30 seconds before being broadcast, and thus the subtitles can be checked by a second reader/corrector person. Could the world’s broadcasters be persuaded to do so? I am sure certain tennis commentators would be pleased.

6 March 2015 | DVB SCENE Standardizing the Landscape Higher Dynamic Range & Wider Color Gamut Video Edouard Francois, Technicolor

Current TVs support Standard Dynamic discussing the system definitions, Range (SDR) content with brightness in specifications and timeline for the the range of 0.1 to 100 candelas/m2, and deployment of UHDTV. Support of they are typically able to render up to 300 HDR and WCG is part of the discussion. or 400 cd/m2. That range is significantly Consumer storage is more specifically smaller than what the human eye can see addressed by the Blu-ray Disk Association in real life. Future TVs are expected to (BDA) that has announced the arrival of give a viewing experience closer to real life HDR Blu-rays for end 2015. Finally the experience, by supporting Higher interfacing with digital equipment (set-top Dynamic Range (HDR) and Wider Color boxes, players, displays, etc.) is addressed Gamut (WCG). These two new features by the HDMI Forum and the Consumer are henceforth considered as important as Electronics Association (CEA). They are the increase of resolution or frame rate for including the HDR and WCG features in the successful deployment of UHDTV their new requirements. Edouard Francois is a Principal Scientist at services. In order to enable interoperable After having issued the first version of Technicolor, with a major focus on video coding ecosystems, multiple standardization the HEVC specification in January 2013, and standardization. He has been participating organizations have launched in parallel the JCT-VC has produced the Format to different standardization activities, including new efforts to develop relevant standards Range (RExt), Scalability (SHVC), and the specification of the HEVC standard and its for HDR and WCG video. The figure Multiview (MV-HEVC) extensions in July extensions. He is also involved in HDR and WCG below illustrates on a simplified video 2014. This latest version already partly video coding and is co-chairing the MPEG activity workflow where those different addresses the HDR and WCG support. working in this area. organizations are mostly involved. The The ‘Video Usability Information’ (VUI), specification of the signal format, both for an optional container providing production and distribution, is principally information on the signal format, has been depth and color gamut compatibility addressed by SMPTE and ITU-R. The completed by adding the support of a new issues. two are working on the definition of the HDR-oriented transfer function (also On the MPEG side, the work on next recommendation of HDR and WCG specified in SMPTE as ST 2084) and HDR video coding started in July 2013, video formats. Their work relates in BT.2020 color primaries. Different SEI with the definition of requirements particular to the specification of nonlinear messages are specified to help the (dynamic range and contrast ratio, transfer functions (aka OETF/EOTF) conversion of the decoded HDR signal at bit-depth, color space, resolution, etc.) aiming at compressing (quantizing) the the receiver side: ‘mastering display color aiming at covering different application HDR and WCG signal for the production volume’ (also specified as SMPTE ST fields. The group is preparing a Call for and distribution, and decompressing it for 2086), ‘tone mapping information’ Evidence (CfE) to evaluate the the rendering. ISO/MPEG and ITU-T/ (already defined in AVC/H.264), ‘color performance of HEVC, and of potential VCEG, focused on video compression, remapping information’ and ‘knee complementary solutions. The CfE was have created the JCT-VC in charge of the function information’. A new profile due in February 2015 with evaluation of joint specification of the HEVC standard oriented on consumer applications responses in June 2015. The next steps and its extensions. In parallel, MPEG is (Main10) has been defined with the will depend on the conclusions from this working on the support of HDR and support of higher bit-depth coding (10 CfE. In a first scenario, HEVC as is looks WCG video coding. More details are bits instead of 8 bits as commonly used in sufficient to address the requirements and provided below. The transmission side is AVC/H.264). Finally, the scalable no alternate technology shows a noticeable addressed by standardization extension of HEVC (SHVC) includes a higher potential (in terms of bitrate organizations, such as DVB and EBU, specific tool, named Color Gamut reduction, or of additional features). In a ATSC, and ARIB. They are currently Scalability (CGS), dedicated to the bit second scenario, some extensions to the HEVC standard are required to properly Simplified video workflow and the related involved standardization organizations support HDR and WCG video coding, and a new extension of HEVC should be issued during 2016. The synchronization of these different Prod / Post-prod Distribution Rendering standardization efforts is a key factor to avoid the development of fragmented SMPTE, ITU-R, ARIB, CEA HDMI, CEA standards and to enable a good interoperability. The coming twelve BDA MPEG, ITU-T, JCTVC months are critical and will provide a much clearer picture of the standard DVB, ATSC, EBU technical blocks that will allow the introduction of HDR and WCG in the video market.

DVB SCENE | March 2015 7 Looking at the Future of Terrestrial Broadcasting Q & A with DVB-T Commercial Module Chairman Vincent Grivet The DVB Commercial Module, the group whose responsibility it is to determine the market requirements for the future development of DVB specifications, has created a new sub-group tasked with the specific mission to foster the thinking in DVB on the short to mid-term evolution of terrestrial broadcast and to gather commercial requirements for the further development of DVB terrestrial specifications. DVB Scene asks the group’s chairman, Vincent Grivet, some questions on the scope and goals of the mission.

DS: Can you elaborate on the scope work of producing commercial approach versus a unicast approach. This of this mission and what types of requirements (CRs); the CM-T will draft is even the case when it is not TV, but for delivery, both existing and for the CRs for a number of situations, use cases, example, when it is a magazine with HD future, it will encompass? where it seems that the existing DVB pictures or the latest iOS software update VG: DVB Members are operating in an specification(s) is not fully in line with the that millions of devices want to download environment that is experiencing several market needs. in the same week. This is another context profound changes. There is a need in this for which we need to find a DVB context of big changes to think about the DS: What do you see as the key terrestrial broadcast answer. future of DVB’s terrestrial specifications; factors to be taken into account in And then there is the issue of how should they evolve to meet the new shaping the evolution of terrestrial spectrum reduction. Though the details challenges that arise, and also take broadcast? are not clear, we know that the advantage of new opportunities where VG: As it is impossible to mention them spectrum reserved for terrestrial terrestrial broadcast can leverage its all, I’d like to cover three that really stand broadcast will decrease in the future (we strengths? This is what the CM-T out in my mind. are talking about a loss of 30 percent of (Commercial Module Terrestrial) First off there is on demand. More assigned capacity – this is huge!). Do we will do. and more, media and TV consumption have fewer services to carry with such a The CM-T group is still quite young will be on demand, which is not of course reduced spectrum allowance? No, on so, unsurprisingly, there are as yet no the traditional sweet spot of the contrary we have the “normal” deliverables (other than our Terms of “broadcasting” that is more associated existing TV, plus on demand, plus Reference!). In terms of future delivery, with live, or linear viewing. But I am mobile and not to mention the there are two main areas. The first one is a convinced that terrestrial broadcast has a progressive introduction of UHDTV. so-called “Long Term Vision for Terrestrial great role to play in enabling on demand Our early work in CM-T suggests the Broadcast” that the CM-T group is viewing because it is quite likely that increase in demand is a factor of 1.7x to putting together, to be submitted to current broadband networks cannot 2x and if you combine this with a DVB’s Commercial Module (CM), do it alone. reduction in spectrum (by a factor of Technical Module (TM) and Steering Next is mobile. Traffic on mobile 0.7x) it means you need to find Board. This exercise should provide a (data) networks is doubling roughly every improvements bringing a 2.5x to 3x point of reference for future planning of year, and a large part of the traffic (and of factor in efficiency. About half of this DVB’s activities linked to terrestrial the growth) is TV and video; there will be improvement has already been broadcast; it should be released, within a huge benefit, in terms of cost and of identified (but not implemented), with DVB, around mid-year. The other type of quality, if such mobile traffic can be things like HEVC, DVB-T2, etc., and delivery will be the more classical DVB delivered through a broadcast /multicast the other half still needs to be found!

8 March 2015 | DVB SCENE DS: What criteria and goals will the DS: How do you see the relationship group be taking into account in and potential cooperation of CM-T defining the work’s scope, making with bodies outside of DVB such as recommendations and proposals, as ATSC or 3GPP? well as prioritizing and producing its VG: There is a need for much more Commercial Requirements? cooperation and alignment at the global VG: The first and most important level, and chiefly with these two leading criterion is to ensure the long-term organizations. Regarding the ATSC, we relevance and social usefulness of should make sure that the respective terrestrial broadcast in the digital and future evolutions of DVB and ATSC media landscape. There is a lot that terrestrial specifications converge and terrestrial broadcast can do to serve, at eventually become the 4G, or even 5G of low-cost and with high-quality, the the broadcast world. As for 3GPP, as we entertainment needs of the population in said, it is clear that broadcast will become Europe and in other areas of the world. a central component of the way a mobile We need to make sure that the proper device is fed with digital content. To make DVB specifications and technology are in this happen, cooperation between 3GPP Vincent Grivet is Head of Broadcast Development place so that this contribution reaches its and DVB is both natural and highly at TDF, the leading operator of terrestrial broadcast goal. Then there’s a variety of other desirable. CM-T will be instrumental in in France. He started his career in the Orange considerations that need to be factored in, supporting DVB’s endeavours to execute Group, where he held various positions in product including: the trend towards a few major such liaisons. management, M&A/International Development. global standards; the need to decrease He was CEO of Orange’s internet operations in energy consumption; and not forgetting DS: Readers can look forward to Belgium ( Wanadoo at that time) and Board receiving more news on the group’s Member of Ziggo the Dutch cable operator (Casema the practical implementation and roll-out at that time). He was co-founder and MD of Maxtel, considerations. activities later this year. an entrepreneurial wireless broadband start-up, and joined TDF Group in 2007. Vincent is a graduate from Paris Tech Polytechnique and Telecom schools. He is representing TDF at the DVB’s Steering Board and Commercial Module and is chairing the CM-T group.

Today’s devices are changing the digital and media landscape

In the future terrestrial broadcasting can help meet the growing demand for “On Demand” services

9 Improving Performance S2X Implementation Guidelines Vittoria Mignone, Rai Vittoria Mignone received the “Laurea in At its January 2015 meeting, the DVB for DTH. This permits the real time Ingegneria Elettronica” degree from Politecnico Technical Module approved the optimization of the transmission efficiency di Torino, in 1990. She has been with the Rai implementation guidelines of the new versus robustness, according to the prevailing Research Centre since 1992, involved in the extensions of the DVB-S2 standard EN 302 atmospheric conditions or even to tailor studies for the definition of the ETSI Standards for 307, namely DVB-S2X. The document will services according to quality of service digital television by satellite, cable and terrestrial now be considered by the DVB Commercial requirements. Channel bonding of up to 3 channels. Her activities are in the field of advanced Module and Steering Board for publication channels is permitted, which can provide an digital modulation and channel coding techniques as a DVB BlueBook and submission to increase in throughput, by merging capacity for satellite and terrestrial transmissions. She is ETSI. As is the case with the standard, the across multiple transponders, thus enhancing author of patents and technical papers. She is the implementation guidelines document, the performance of the statistical editor of the Implementation Guidelines of DVB-S2. identified as ETSI TR 102 376, is divided in multiplexing of services. The higher level two parts, where Part 1 is the revision of the protocols (i.e., GSE, GSE-lite) have been guidelines of the original DVB-S2 improved allowing for greater integration percent of the time). In Ka-band using a specification and Part 2 is the with IP based systems. The “all-IP streaming” Multi-Beam broadcasting satellite, the gain implementation guidelines of DVB-S2X. capability has been introduced. The will approach 100 percent. In the same Starting from the commercial Super-Framing structure has been scenario, the adoption of Channel bonding requirements that drove the definition of introduced, to open up the possibility to and Statistical Multiplexing can offer 11 S2X, the document describes what the new support advanced techniques for future percent more channels. extensions to DVB-S2 allow, both in the broadband interactive networks such as For professional and DSNG core markets: Direct-To-Home (DTH), intra-system interference mitigation, applications, high efficiency modulation broadcast distribution, contribution, VSAT beam-hopping as well as multi-format schemes allow spectral efficiencies outbound and high speed IP links. It also transmissions. approaching 6 bps/Hz allowing for deals with the emerging markets such as, The implementation guidelines optimized satellite capacity usage. The airborne, rail and other mobile forward links, extensively report on the achievable achievable gains in regards to DVB-S2 are small aperture terminals for news gathering, performance in the different application shown, rising up to 2.5 dB SNR gain for the disaster relief and similar ad hoc links, and areas, also including a detailed description of same spectral efficiency, VSAT forward links in regions prone to deep the channel models that have been or up to 21 percent in the sub 12 dB SNR transient atmospheric fading. considered for the system evaluation. region, and 51 percent in the sub 20 dB There is improved performance in the Several examples are given on the use of SNR region efficiency improvements for the core applications of DVB-S2, as well as the S2X tools. With the implementation same SNR value. operations in an extended SNR (Signal-to- guidelines, the reader can appreciate that the For broadband networks, the best Noise Ratio) range, from very-low SNR use of VCM in a Ku-band broadcasting expected performance gains of DVB-S2X are (VL-SNR) levels down to -10 dB, to satellite with a wide coverage will allow for foreseen for future multi-spot beam systems very-high SNRs (VH-SNR). the simulcast of a highly robust standard where, thanks to the Super-frame, aggressive To achieve this, DVB-S2X enhances the definition TV channel (targeting 99.9 spectrum reuse schemes, together with physical layer signaling to provide a finer percent availability of the average year) with advanced interference mitigation techniques, granularity of operative points (i.e., more an UHDTV channel (at 99 percent can be introduced to significantly boost the modulation and coding (MODCOD) availability), giving about 30 percent gain capacity (up to 100 percent) when compared schemes), enabling more flexibility with with respect to DVB-S2 (accepting SD for 1 to more conventional systems. regard to optimizing channel usage. In addition, DVB-S2X allows the use of reduced roll-off factors (down to 5 percent) in order to decrease the occupied bandwidth, and introduces specific constellations for the optimization of satellite transmissions in the “linear channel”. DVB-S2X also improves some features of the satellite transmission at the system level. BROADCAST SERVICES The ability to configure the scrambling sequence, which was normative in DVB-S2 for all applications except broadcast, is now INTERACTIVE SERVICES specified for DTH as well. This allows systems to cope more readily with high level co-channel interference in multi-satellite DSNG environments. Analogously, Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM), allowing the PROFESSIONAL SERVICES changes in MODCOD configuration on a VL-SNR APPLICATIONS frame-by-frame basis, is now also normative

10 March 2015 | DVB SCENE A Major Update HbbTV 2.0 Jon Piesing, TP Vision Jon Piesing is the vice-chair of HbbTV. The recently published HbbTV 2.0 Screen Specification (see page 4 of this He played a major role facilitating the specification is the result of more than two issue). convergence of the original French and German years work in HbbTV as well as partner • An HbbTV application can initiatives which together became HbbTV. organizations including DVB and the Open synchronize broadcast delivered video and Jon is now Director, Standardization for TP Vision, IPTV Forum. The specification is a major broadband delivered audio/subtitles in the which manufacture Philips TVs for Europe and update to the previous HbbTV specification TV set or STB. a number of other territories. adding new features to make existing services As well as these two major themes, other more attractive to the end-user or the service significant additions concern privacy, provider. It also enables new services such as broadband subtitles, DVB-CI Plus 1.4 and are updated to HTML5 and matching push VoD; updates technologies from push VoD. versions. earlier specifications; and improves • Privacy has become a major concern for • The video codecs are extended to interoperability between services and SmartTV in recent years. The W3C “Do support HEVC as well as MPEG-2 and terminals. Not Track” specification is added, which AVC. HEVC is supported for both UHD Figure 1 shows the intended context for enables consumers who do not wish to be and HD. There is significant interest in HbbTV 2.0, a hybrid terminal (TV or tracked to clearly express this. HEVC for HD to enable current services to STB) connected to a broadcast (satellite in • Subtitles for broadband delivered be offered at lower bitrates than today. this example), the internet and a companion content have been added based on work • MPEG DASH has been updated to screen device (mobile phone or tablet). done in the EBU around the W3C TTML refer to the profile of DASH defined by Two major themes of the specification specification. DVB. This includes a number of new are the addition of support for companion • In TVs supporting both HbbTV 2.0 features which will make deployment of screens (tablets or phones) and and DVB-CI Plus 1.4, integration between DASH services easier. synchronization to broadcast delivered the two has been added to enable a CI Plus The HbbTV 2.0 specification builds as content. CAM to descramble protected broadband far as practical on the work of others, • An HbbTV application can ask for an delivered AV content initiated by an HbbTV including DVB. Figure 2 illustrates this, app to be launched on a tablet or phone. app and to provide data to HbbTV. showing in particular how it builds on the • An app on a tablet or phone can ask for • Support for delivering files containing work done in DVB and in the Open IPTV an HbbTV app to be launched on a TV or AV content to a hard disc in a STB (or a Forum as well as the basic work done in STB using DIAL, the same mechanism flash card in a TV) for later consumption ISO/IEC and the W3C. used by Netflix and Chromecast. has been added. This could be relevant for The first HbbTV 2.0 receivers are • Apps running on a tablet or phone can content that needs more and reliable expected to appear in the market in 2016. exchange messages with an HbbTV app bandwidth than is available in a particular HbbTV will award a contract for a test running on a TV or STB using the W3C/ market. suite for receivers in April/May 2015 with IETF WebSocket mechanism. • The most significant technologies that deliveries during the remainder of 2015. • An app on a tablet or phone can have been updated are HTML, video This should permit the release of a synchronize to broadcast delivered content codecs and MPEG DASH. validated and approved test suite some on the TV using the DVB Companion • HTML and the technologies around it time during 2016. Figure 1 Figure 2 Broadcast Broadband e.g., DVB-S HbbTV Speci cation Companion Screen Device EN 300 468 TS 102 809 Vol. 2 Vol. 5 DVB-SI App signaling TS 101 154 Media Formats DAE

Vol. 7 TS 103 286-2 TS 103 285 TS 103 205 Web Standards TV Hybrid CSS DASH Extensions to CI Plus Content & Service Internet Protection Proﬁle Terminal Back Channel

Application Uplink Hosting / Web-Playout Tech-3380 23001-7 23009-1 Video & Audio CI Plus CEA-2014 EBU-TT-D CENC DASH Codecs Broadcaster & Application Provider

Linear A/V Content Nonlinear A/V Content delivered via broadand Nonlinear A/V Content delivered via broadcast Application Data TTML ... DOM3... CSS3... HTML5 Application Data and Signaling Control

DVB SCENE | March 2015 11 Saving Lives Regional Early Warning Systems Richard Lhermitte, ENENSYS

December 26, 2014 saw global At this point we’ll separate out the remembrance of the horrifying events of a sharing of weather and other vital decade ago: the Indian Ocean tsunami. information between countries from the According to the U.S. Geological Survey, timely dissemination of that information to 227,898 people died. With its epicenter off populations. What role does broadcast have Richard Lhermitte is Vice President of Sales and the coast of the Indonesian island of to play in this dissemination? Specifically Marketing at ENENSYS. He has been with ENENSYS Sumatra, coastlines across Asia-Pacific DTT networks? since 2007 in a variety of roles. Prior to that he suffered. According to a May 2014 report from worked with Thomson and Thales. One of the key issues subsequently Digital TV Research, the number of DTT highlighted was the lack of early warning homes will grow to 1.68 billion globally by respects – it’s the audio and video content systems to alert populations to the 2020, a 185 percent increase from 2010. that is replaced. impending disaster. We say impending DTT deployments are growing across Asia, The actual warning message itself is a because of course the tsunami didn’t strike recent network rollouts in Thailand being standard TV channel so it can provide in a uniform way, rather it travelled vast prime examples. whatever content the disaster coordination distances – as far as South Africa – before it These networks have a clear role to play agency requires, be that live video or a struck coastlines. This was anything from going forwards in terms of Regional Early graphic, with/without audio. 15 minutes to seven hours or so after the Warning Systems (REWS). As a company, One of the key advantages of working earthquake. This means that a warning and as part of our overall DTT with DTT networks is that operators can system – or systems – could have saved regionalization technology strategy, we have regionalize any warnings to prevent lives. been exploring optimum ways to reach unnecessary alarm in unaffected areas. Asia is not alone in suffering natural populations – on a regional basis – using DTT regional insertion has to be bit- disasters, but it’s the most active region. existing DVB infrastructure to provide an accurate in a SFN (single frequency According to 2011 figures from the Natural easy-to-deploy, effective REWS, using network - widely deployed today for Disasters Data Book, “By region, Asia is the DVB-T2 or DVB-T transmissions. spectrum efficiency) to avoid interference. highest in the indices of disaster We wanted to develop a system that If a network operator has two DTT occurrences and number of people affected, required no specific receiver software, nor content insertion devices at different and economic damage. Asia accounts for modifications to receivers. Therefore the regional transmitter locations and provides occurrences 44.4 percent; number of aim was to do this at the network and not the same input they must get exactly the people killed, 82.0 percent; number of at the receiver level. same output – deterministic technology. affected people, 94.0 percent; and amount Operators can now replace all the video In summary: the emergency service is of economic damage, 88.7 percent.” services in a DTT multiplex with an inserted at transmitter sites; transmitter The tsunami highlighted how emergency service. So if a network has eight sites can be ‘grouped’ so that warnings can unprepared many countries across the services in one mux from different be broadcast on a regional basis; viewers in region were. Since then there have been broadcasters, when an operator presses the the addressed region will receive the REWS ongoing efforts – not least by the ABU and button to trigger the alert then the content service with normal TV services ASEAN member countries – to improve changes on all the services to the emergency interrupted; viewers in other parts of the early warning systems and to cooperate far warning. What’s important to note is that country will continue to receive normal TV more. the services remain the same in all other services. While there is, of course, a cost to DTT Early Warning Regionalization placing the REWS technology with local insertion units at transmitter sites, it’s minimal compared to the potential loss of life that can be prevented when people receive warnings so they can take the necessary actions. The whole point of an early warning system is that it has to reach as many people as possible who are likely to be affected, at the same time and as quickly as possible. Broadcast REWS is just one of several technologies that can be used, others Region 2 include radio, mobile phones to location- based claxons have a key role. Broadcast terrestrial TV and REWS has a key role to Region 1 Region 3 play in saving lives in the event of any future natural disasters. Thailand is the first country where we have successfully installed the REWS.

12 March 2015 | DVB SCENE Security Review Harmonized Security Framework Lindsay Holman, Chair CM-SEG

In the years since its inception, DVB has In order to address these new security produced a significant number of challenges, CM-SEG was tasked by DVB technology specifications, an increasing with a revision of the HSF. A much wider number of which incorporate security view has been taken, examining security Lindsay Holman has worked as an related elements. These specifications were issues that affect the work and output of independent technology consultant since 2005. written by DVB sub-groups’ members that the various DVB sub-groups in terms of Prior to this, he was Director of Panasonic’s are experts in the specific technology they the total end-to-end content delivery European R&D Centre for Audiovisual & address, but may not always have sufficient ecosystem. Communications technologies, and has security expertise. In early 2005, the In this respect, the needs of the over 35 years of industry experience. He has Security Experts Group (CM-SEG) started content providers are addressed, along been involved in security and digital rights work on creating a document that would, with all aspects of the end-to-end content management activities within DVB since 2006 for the first time, establish a harmonized, delivery process, including content and continues to represent Panasonic in these overarching commercial framework for preparation services, distribution and technology areas. security within DVB. Two years later, in delivery networks, the wide variety of 2007, the Harmonized Security end-user devices, displays and controllers, Framework (HSF) was approved and and the technical-legal infrastructure that known and understood at the time of published for internal DVB use. The goal gives content owners sufficient ‘trust’ in definition. of the document is to guide other DVB the ecosystem to allow their (increasingly The HSF provides the guiding sub-groups with respect to general security premium quality) content to be principles that DVB sub-groups need to technologies and protection of audio-visual transmitted to the consumer. The follow as they define commercial content, ensuring that security is properly expanded and revised HSF also takes requirements and approve technical taken into account from the very account of issues relating to privacy, data solutions for their own target markets beginning. protection and system integrity. and business models, in so doing, helping Since the publication of the HSF in There are benefits to be obtained from to support harmonization between 2007, the digital landscape has moved creating or adopting standards in security security related requirements across the away from the traditional single systems but the candidates for many different working areas of DVB. broadcaster/single TV receiver and recorder standardization must be chosen carefully The HSF does not set out to model to a far more complex world where in order not to jeopardize the integrity ‘predefine’ specific security requirements the consumer routinely enjoys the benefits and renewability of the system. The for a given DVB specification. Instead, of multiple broadcast receive options extent of standardization in security the HSF guidelines are crafted to ensure (cable, satellite and terrestrial), managed systems must also be carefully considered. that all aspects of security are taken into delivery over fixed line (xDSL) and As a general principle, using a fully consideration from the very beginning, internet based OTT delivery channels to standardized security system solution that overriding considerations of DVB access content on a very wide range of may lead to weaker security and may not security systems are taken into account, devices including smartphone, tablet, PC, fully serve the complex and developing and that requirements across different Smart TV and Personal Video recorders. In business needs for a service. DVB specifications are as consistent as addition, an ever-increasing percentage of The ability to achieve consistency possible. content is also consumed in High across DVB security solutions is very Applied in this manner, and bearing Definition and this will be enhanced very important, as a set of perfectly secure in mind the business context in which soon with the advent of Ultra High individual specifications does not commercial and technical requirements Definition. automatically guarantee a fully secure are being developed, the HSF should be In this changing environment the overall system. Moreover, DVB security used in the process of developing new number, nature and complexity of security solutions have to be commercially viable, specifications in order to ensure that all requirements across the full spectrum of and the strength of a DVB security security threats known to DVB are DVB based applications have increased solution has to be appropriate for the addressed in an appropriate manner and dramatically. level and nature of threats as they are that security measures outlined in commercial and technical requirements End-to-End Ecosystem will reflect a consistent framework that will ultimately ensure a greater level of interoperability. The increasing pace of change of the Content digital landscape and the ever-changing Content Content delivery nature of security threats and Content End-User-Device Preparation / Distribution requirements means that the HSF Providers Display & Control Services Network document will continue to be subject to regular review, in order to ensure its Trust Authority continuing utility and value as part of the overall DVB technology ‘toolset’.

DVB SCENE | March 2015 13 MARKET WATCH

www.neotion.com www.newtec.eu www.rohde-schwarz.com

Neotion’s new DVBeacon is a cost effective The Newtec MDM6100 Broadcast Satellite The new R&S CLGD DOCSIS Cable Load OTT Gateway for satellite operators, delivering Modem R2.6 is the next generation modem, Generator from Rohde & Schwarz simulates a DRM protected HTTP Live Streaming (HLS modulator and demodulator (DVB-S; DVB- fully loaded cable TV network upstream and IP streaming services to different screens, DSNG; DVB-S2, DVB-S2X). As a modulator it downstream. In the downstream it generates adding OTT Services and 4k content to is best suited for DTH, primary distribution up to 160 DVB-C channels and up to eight existing pay TV pure broadcast equipment. to head-ends and contribution of television DOCSIS 3.1 channels. The signals can be HLS streaming and end-to-end DRM enable the and radio content. It features the enhanced freely combined, allowing users to simulate addressing of any mobile screen individually, Automated Equalink predistortion any conceivable channel loading scenario in solving Quality of Service issues on WLAN, technology, which provides up to 10 percent the lab. It is a versatile multichannel signal decoding performance and security on devices. bandwidth gains in DTH applications. Clean generator for testing tuners, amplifiers, Channel Technology with DVB-S2X further converters and CMTS upstream receivers. improves satellite efficiency by up to 15 percent.

www.harmonicinc.com www.work-microwave.de www.s3group.tv

The next generation of Harmonic’s Electra WORK Microwave’s DVB Satellite Broadcast S3 Group’s StormTest Warning Center is a product line, the Electra X family of advanced Modulator supports a wide range of DTH video service monitoring and validation media processors, are claimed to be the broadcast, video contribution, and distribution platform for live networks. It’s designed to world’s first encoders to support graphics, applications over satellite. Through an proactively test and monitor, in real-time, the branding, playout functionalities, and advanced feature set, the modulator helps availability and stability of video services. It full-frame Ultra HD live 2160p60 encoding, operators get the most out of expensive does this by providing continuous feedback transforming broadcast and multiscreen satellite bandwidth, optimize data transport, from the live network on the status of services content delivery. Powered by the company’s and dramatically improve satellite signal including: linear TV, VoD, EPG, and interactive PURE Compression Engine, these appliance- quality. Innovative features include menus for a range of devices including set-top based media processors boost video Predistortion, Carrier ID, DVB-S2 multistream, boxes, android mobile devices, iOS mobile compression efficiency across an extensive TSoIP, and Wideband (up to 80Mbaud). In devices, connected TVs and game consoles. range of formats and codecs, including HEVC, addition, the modulator platform supports ensuring superior quality video at minimum next-generation DVB-S2, providing operators bandwidth. with a future-proof solution.

www.roverinstruments.com www.teamcast.com www.gatesair.com

ROVER has added new functions to its HD TeamCast’s new JUPITER OEM Satellite GatesAir’s new Maxiva Ultra-Compact series, TAB 9 Tablet analyzer. With its easy to use Demodulator board targets demanding is a standalone low-power translator and 9” TFT touch screen and its exclusive icon professional applications, with dual on- on-channel gap filler for UHF and High operating system, it is designed to measure board DVB-S/S2 demodulation and support Band VHF stations across four power levels all DVB standards (DVBS/S2, DVB-T/T2/LITE, of the full set of DVB-S/S2 features. It also (30, 50, 80 and 130 watts). It cuts the rack DVB-C/C2) and soon DVB-S2X. New features offers VCM (multi-stream) and ACM modes, space requirements of its predecessor by allow remote monitoring and active probing as well as DVB-S2X low roll-off values down 50 percent, delivering a broadband 1RU in the company’s network management to 5 percent and CID extraction. Its low solution with exceptional performance and system including RF measurements, TS power design, its on-board CPU and efficiency. The series balances exceptional analyzer with thumbnails, and White Space easy-to-use API, make its integration into over-the-air quality with a green, cost- analysis. The company has also launched a professional IRDs quick and straightforward. reducing architecture that slashes energy new fiber optic professional transmitter. consumption, power bills and maintenance.

www.verimatrix.com

The Verimatrix Video Content Authority System (VCAS) for Broadcast-Hybrid is a multi-network revenue security solution that enables combinations of RF and multicast linear delivery with advanced adaptive bitrate streaming video services, while ensuring harmonized rights management for subscribers both at home and on the go. The solution is ideal for cable operators delivering a mix of RF and IP video services while wishing to migrate towards an all-IP delivery paradigm.

14 March 2015 | DVB SCENE Monitoring Everywhere

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Explore our products at “We are displaying at DVB WORLD 2015” www.roverinstruments.com RO.VE.R. Laboratories S.p.A | Via Parini 2, Sirmione (BS), 25019 ITALY | +39.030.91981 | [email protected]

DVB SCENE | March 2015 15

ROVER adv PROBE-MFE for DVB MAR 15.indd 1 21/01/15 13.57 Global connectivity, Local delivery

Ultra HD tHe 1st class viewing experience Eutelsat, one of the world’s leading and most experienced operators of communications satellites, is broadcasting HOT BIRD 4K1, Europe’s first demo channel broadcasting in HEVC at 50 frames per second.

HOT BIRD 4K1 is also the first channel that can be directly received by consumers using the latest UHD TV panels equipped with DVB-S2 demodulators and HEVC decoders. www.eutelsat.com