· AUSTRALIA $1.50 · canada $1.50 · france 1.00 euro · iceland kr100 · new zealand $1.50 · sweden kr10 · uk £.50 · u.s. $1.00 INSIDE How working people in Korea defeated U.S. forces in 1950s war — PAGE 8 A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF WORKING PEOPLE vol. 70/no. 42 november 6, 2006 7-city tour in Cuba promotes book Vote Socialist Workers by three Chinese-Cuban generals U.S. hands off Korea! Lift sanctions! Hundreds attend events across island Troops out of Iraq, Afghanistan now! Unionize all workers! Legalize immigrants! Vote Socialist Workers Party! Vote for the SWP candidates where they are on the ballot and write their names in where they’ve been excluded. That’s what we urge our readers to do November 7. The Socialist Workers Party is fielding 53 candidates in 13 U.S. states and the District of Columbia this fall. These can- didates offer a working-class alternative to the twin parties of U.S. imperialism— the Democrats and Republicans—and other capitalist parties.

Militant/Matilda Hernández-Miyares

Militant/Martín Koppel Audience at October 20 presentation of the book Our History Is Still Being Written Editorial in Santiago de Cuba. In attendance were numerous leaders of the Cuban Communist Party and the provincial and municipal governments, members of the Association of The socialists are presenting a revolu- Combatants of the Cuban Revolution, Chinese-Cuban residents of the city, cadets at tionary working-class program in the U.S. the José Maceo Military School, and members of several mass organizations. to reach out to our sisters and brothers BY Martín koppel residents of Santiago, cadets at the José around the world in order to strengthen and david argüello Maceo Military School, municipal the struggle against our common en- SANTIAGO DE CUBA, October workers, and members of several mass emies—the imperialist aggressors and 21—Some 250 people filled the main organizations in the city, from the Federa- capitalist exploiters the world over. hall of the historic municipal government tion of University Students to the Cuban The socialists have been calling for the building here October 20 to hear a panel Women’s Federation. Misael Enamorado, immediate and unconditional withdrawal of speakers, including Gen. Moisés Sío first secretary of the Cuban Communist of U.S. and other “coalition” troops from Wong, present Our History Is Still Being Party in Santiago province, and Rolando Militant/Sylvia Hansen Iraq, Afghanistan, the Balkans, Colom- Written: The Story of Three Cuban-Chi- Yero, president of the provincial People’s bia, and Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. They nese Generals in the Cuban Revolution. Power, were among the numerous party have been saying: “U.S. hands off Korea! Among those attending were members and government leaders present. Lift the sanctions! All U.S. troops and of the Association of Combatants of It was from the balcony of the munici- weapons out of the Korean peninsula! the Cuban Revolution, Chinese-Cuban Continued on page 7 Reunification of Korea!” They have Continued on page 9

Socialist Workers Party candidates in 2006. UCLA panel in L.A. to discuss book on Top: Róger Calero and Maura DeLuca for U.S. Senate and governor in New York. Middle: Chinese-Cubans in Cuban Revolution David Arguello (forefront) for U.S. Congress, By Chris Remple es, who, in the 1950s, as young rebels of 51st District, and James Harris for governor LOS ANGELES—A panel discussion Chinese ancestry, threw themselves into in California. Bottom: Rebecca Williamson Militant/Tom Baumann for U.S. Senate in Minnesota. on the book Our History Is Still Being the revolutionary war that brought down Written: The Story of Three Chinese-Cu- a U.S.-backed dictatorship and opened ban Generals in the Cuban Revolution the door to the first socialist revolution in will be held November 8 at the University the Americas. The three generals explain Goodyear strikers confront of California Los Angeles (UCLA) cam- the historic place of Chinese immigra- pus here. It is sponsored by the Asians in tion to Cuba, as well as more than five scabs and win solidarity the Americas Working Group; Amerasia decades of revolutionary struggle and BY FRANK FORRESTAL With pickets up around the clock, strik- Journal, published by UCLA’s Asian internationalism from Cuba to Angola, LINCOLN, Nebraska, October 22— ers are keeping warm by burning wood American Studies Center Press; the Nicaragua, and Venezuela today. Chanting “One day longer,” 300 strikers and staying inside tents. “We’ve gotten UCLA Department of Asian American Clara Chu, a professor at UCLA’s rallied outside the Goodyear plant here fantastic solidarity from the community,” Studies; the Asian American Studies Department of Information Studies and today. About 560 members of United said Ron Voboril, a shop steward. “We’re Center; and Southern California Library a member of the Department of Asian Steelworkers (USW) Local 286 struck seeing all kinds of food, wood, honk- for Social Studies and Research. American Studies, and Mary-Alice Wa- this plant October 5. They are part of the ing from supporters, as well as union The book tells the story of three gener- ters, the book’s editor, will be among the 15,000 Goodyear workers who walked people joining the pickets.” Voboril and als of Cuba’s Revolutionary Armed Forc- Continued on page 2 out at 12 U.S. and 4 Canadian plants. Continued on page 3 Best week yet in Washington leads drive to enforce Also Inside: ‘Militant’ sub drive Washington maps plans harsh sanctions against north Korea BY argiris malapanis BY Olympia Newton tion calling for cargo “inspections” and More than 260 people subscribed to to press war in Iraq 2 October 24—U.S. secretary of state instituting other harsh sanctions against the Militant last week, the best week yet Condoleezza Rice toured China, Japan, north Korea. Washington introduced the of the circulation drive. Building on this UCLA students rally Russia, and south Korea last week to so- resolution after the DPRK announced momentum, supporters of the paper are for affirmative action 3 lidify Washington’s “coalition of the will- October 8 it had conducted a nuclear organizing an all-out effort the next two ing” to threaten militarily and squeeze arms test. weeks to meet the international goal of Immigrants working in economically the Democratic People’s After winning a unanimous vote for 2,600 readers by November 7. Here are a coal mines strengthen union 4 Republic of Korea (DPRK). the resolution, U.S. assistant secretary of few notes from supporters of the paper. Rice tried to win compliance from state Christopher Hill said, “The issue… “Over the last week, we campaigned U.S. drought ravages these governments with an October 14 is how to make sure countries interpret it with the Militant, responding to the U.S.- working farmers nationwide 5 United Nations Security Council resolu- Continued on page 9 Continued on page 4 Washington maps plans Protesters in N.Y.: ‘Legalize immigrants now!’ to press war in Iraq BY sam manuel A regional government in southern WASHINGTON, October 22—U.S. Iraq would be dominated by al-Sadr’s president George Bush mapped plans to Shiite rivals, the Supreme Council for press the war in Iraq at a White House Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI) and al- conference with top administration and Dawah, the two largest parties in the UIA. military officials here. The rivalry between al-Sadr and SCIRI Just two days earlier a top U.S. gen- burst into open fighting October 19-20, eral said that a two-month operation by when 200-300 of Sadr’s Mahdi militia 15,000 U.S. troops had failed to stem a attacked two police stations in Amarah, spike in killings resulting from factional southern Iraq. The police there are said fighting among bourgeois forces vying to be aligned with the Badr Brigade, a for a bigger share of power. SCIRI militia.

Nearly 2,800 U.S. troops have been Gen. Peter Schoomaker, the Army Militant/Paul Pederson killed in the war since the 2003 U.S.-led chief of staff, said October 11 the Army NEW YORK—About 1,000 people rallied at Union Square Park in Manhattan and invasion, according to the Pentagon, as plans to maintain current U.S. troop then marched to Times Square October 21. The protesters demanded legalization well as some 120 British soldiers. Total levels in Iraq, now at 138,000, “to have for all undocumented immigrants and an end to deportations. They also opposed “coalition” deaths exceed 3,000. The es- enough ammo in the magazine that I can the wall that Washington is expanding along the U.S.-Mexico border. Dozens of timated death toll among Iraqis, civilian continue to shoot as long as they want us immigrant rights, community, and other organizations sponsored the action. and military, is much higher, exceeding to shoot.” 14,000 this year alone, according to press The day after his remarks, Australian reports, with nearly half occurring in premier John Howard said Canberra, UK’s top military officer, Gen. Rich- withdraw from Iraq so metime soon. “We August and September. with 900 troops in Iraq, would stand with ard Dannatt, “clarified” remarks he had are not on the run; we are not hauling our In another development, the Iraqi Washington and not “cut and run.” made that the 7,000 British troops should colors down,” he said. parliament approved a controversial “federalism” law October 11 that will al- low provinces to join together and form U.S. events to promote book by Chinese-Cuban generals autonomous regions. The law is not to be Continued from front page States, and Latin America,” will hold Topics range from “Immigration, Race implemented for 18 months. the panelists. Also on the panel will be an organizing meeting just prior to the & Rights” to “Vietnamese Americans The measure was approved by a slim Eugene Moy, vice president of programs event at 5:30 p.m. in New Orleans East Return Home,” margin, with 140 of the 275 members of the Chinese Historical Society of The panel discussion is being pub- “The New Immigrant Rights Move- of parliament voting for it. Members of Southern California. Nobuko Miyamoto, licized at UCLA and other area cam- ment,” and “Environmental Justice.” parliament loyal to Shiite cleric Muqtada founder and artistic director of the group puses, as well as in the Chinese and One workshop will present the book al-Sadr, and Fadhila, a split-off from al- Great Leap, will sing and perform. Rus- other Asian-American communities, Our History Is Still Being Written. Mary- Sadr’s movement, joined wealthy Sunnis sell Leong, editor of Amerasia Journal, and throughout the city. Alice Waters, the book’s editor, will in boycotting the vote. A bloc of Shiite will chair the program. v speak, along with students, including and Kurdish parties hold a majority in The panel discussion will begin at BY Ernest Mailhot Amy Gao and Jason Eng from North- Iraq’s coalition government. 7:00 p.m. (see ad on p. 3). It will be CHICAGO—The second National western. Gao is an executive board Al-Sadr’s supporters fought fierce preceded by a reception, starting at Asian American Student Conference member of the Model United Nations battles with U.S. troops in southern Iraq 6:30 p.m., sponsored by the Amerasia (NAASC) will be held November 3–5 and Eng chairs the Asian American in 2004. His movement is now part of the Journal. The Asians in the Americas at Northwestern University in Evanston, Pacific Coalition at Northwestern. ruling Shiite bloc, known as the United Working Group, which works “to Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Organiz- About 140 students, teachers, and Iraqi Alliance (UIA), and heads several develop a new way of understanding ers say the conference will build on others attended the annual Asian Pacific ministries in the U.S.-backed regime. Asian migration to Canada, the United a previous event, the Asian Pacific Conference at Minnesota State Univer- American Student Conference, held in sity in Mankato, Minnesota, October Los Angeles in 2004. “By hosting the 19–21. They discussed the history of conference in the Midwest, a thriving oppression of Asian Americans and how region for APAs [Asian Pacific Ameri- to fight anti-Asian discrimination today. cans], NAASC in 2006 seeks to revital- Students came from Minnesota and ize and mobilize Asian America,” the Iowa. The keynote speech was by Erika organizers say. Lee, professor of history at the University The truth about the Cuban Revolution The opening day will feature keynote of Minnesota and author of At America’s speaker Vijay Prashad, an author and Gates: Chinese Immigration during the The ‘Militant’ tells the truth professor of South Asian history and Exclusion Era, 1882–1943. about Cuba, including first- director of International Studies at Trin- hand reports. It describes how ity College in Connecticut. Tom Fiske from St. Paul, Minnesota, the Cuban people and their Workshops will be held November 4. contributed to this article. communist leadership set a revolutionary example by link- Africa, Asia, and the Middle East: ing defense of their own sover- The Militant Send $65 drawn on a U.S. bank to above Vol. 70/No. 42 address. eignty and socialist conquests Canada: Send Canadian $45 for one-year at home to the advance of Presentation of Our History Is Still Being Closing news date: October 25, 2006 subscription to the Militant, 2238 Dundas Written: The Story of Three Chinese-Cu- Editor and circulation director: St. West, Suite 201, Toronto, ON. Postal popular struggles elsewhere. ban Generals in the Cuban Revolution, at Argiris Malapanis Code: M6R 3A9. Don’t miss a single issue! Havana Book Fair, February 2006. Washington correspondent: Sam Manuel United Kingdom: £25 for one year by check or international money order Editorial volunteers: David Argüello, Róger made out to CL London, First Floor, 120 Calero, Martín Koppel, Olympia Newton, Bethnal Green (Entrance in Brick Lane), Paul Pederson, and Brian Williams. London, E2 6DG, England. SUBSCRIBE TODAY! Published weekly except for one week in Republic of Ireland and Continental January and two weeks in June. Europe: £50 for one year by check or The Militant (ISSN 0026-3885), 306 W. 37th international money order made out to CL Street, 10th floor, New York, NY 10018. London at above address. NEW READERS NAME Telephone: (212) 244-4899 France: Send 75 euros for one-year Fax: (212) 244-4947 subscription to Diffusion du Militant, P.O. .$5 for 12 issues E-mail: [email protected] Box 175, 23 rue Lecourbe, 75015 Paris. ADDRESS Website: www.themilitant.com Iceland: Send 4,000 Icelandic kronur for one-year subscription to the Militant, P.O. 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2 The Militant November 6 , 2006 UCLA students rally for affirmative action By Emily Paul The event was organized by the Ad- mentation of Proposition LOS ANGELES, October 18—More missions Coalition, which is made up of 209 in 1996 that banned than 100 students rallied at the Univer- different student groups. The coalition’s affirmative action in sity of California Los Angeles (UCLA) aim is to reverse the low numbers of stu- hiring and admissions campus here today, on National Take dents of oppressed nationalities admitted at state institutions, the Affirmative Action day. at this campus. number of African Amer- Students formed a human link and Of the 4,852 students admitted this fall ican undergraduates at wore signs around their necks saying, only 96, or 2 percent, are Black—that is UCLA has plummeted “Ask me,” to spark dialogue. They fol- out of a pool of 1,900 African American by 65 percent. Admis- lowed this by a rally with the participa- applicants this year. This is the smallest sions of students who are tion of a number of student organizations, enrollment of African American stu- Black at UC Berkeley, the including the African Student Union, dents since at least 1973, according to a other major University of Militant/Emily Paul Asian Pacific Coalition, and the Chicano research report by the Ralph J. Bunche California campus, have Students rally for affirmative action at UCLA, October 18. student organization MeChA. A popular Center for African American Studies at dropped by 50 percent in chant was, “What do we want? Diversity. UCLA. the same period. tive American students has also declined When do we want it? Now.” Over the past decade, since the imple- Admission of Chicano, Latino, and Na- in the last decade. Students of underrep- resented nationalities—Black, Chicano, Latino, and Native American—make Goodyear strikers confront scabs, win solidarity up 14.3 percent of this year’s freshman class at the 10 University of California Continued from front page October 21—The picket line of over a “Goodyear says we make $103,000 a campuses. other strikers said firefighters, Teamsters, dozen members of USW Local 959 here year—average pay!” said Rick Shields, “UCLA prides itself on being a diverse gas workers, and others have joined the swelled to nearly 100 today as several a millright. “Sometimes we’re forced to university but I don’t see it as reflective of pickets since the strike began. “Earlier hundred strikebreakers began their exit work six or seven days a week, even then California or Los Angeles,” said Rhom- this week two strikers from the plant in from the Goodyear tire plant. Goodyear we average about $45,000 a year. They mel Canare, a UCLA student. “When Topeka visited the lines,” said Voboril. is attempting to run the plant, which never mention the $32 million the bosses they say that UCLA is a diverse campus, Only one worker has crossed the line. produces replacement tires, with about got in bonuses.” it’s not.” Workers here are digging in for a long 300 salaried personnel and about 120 “The average life expectancy is only The Bruin Republicans set up an anti– strike. No negotiations have taken place hourly workers who have crossed the five years after retirement for us here, affirmative action bake sale near today’s since the strike began. Pickets report that picket line. and there are signs around the plant event. Their action received front-page the company has brought in strikebreak- The strikers lined both sides of the warning us of all the cancer-causing coverage in the Daily Bruin, the student ers from their nonunion hydraulic hose street and greeted the departure of the conditions,” said Baylen Sessions, who newspaper at UCLA, the next day, while plant in Norfolk, Nebraska, to keep some strikebreakers, escorted by the police, has worked here nine years. “But they the rally supporting affirmative action production going. with shouts of “One day longer,” “No don’t do anything about it! For us this was not covered. This year the tire giant moved their justice, no peace,” and “Scab.” fight is serious because we’re fighting hose production to Mexico. Now the North Carolina is a state with an anti- for our union here.” main product made at this plant is rub- union “right to work” law. According ber belts. Goodyear is planning to close to USW members, about 90 percent of Tom Baumann from Minneapolis and militant plants in Alabama and Texas, cut wages the 1,900 hourly workers in the plant are Paul Mailhot from Birmingham, Ala- by as much as 40 percent, and do away union members. bama, reported that similar solidarity labor with retiree medical coverage. The union Strikers said the union held a rally activities took place at the picket line calls these proposals “cut and gut.” at the union hall October 19 and then at the Goodyear plants in Sun Prairie, forums When Goodyear threatened bank- a mass picket as the strikebreakers left Wisconsin, and Gadsden, Alabama. iowa ruptcy in 2003, the union agreed to cuts the plant. Nearly 1,000 strikers lined Des Moines in wages, pensions, and health care. The both sides of the street that day to greet Socialist Workers 2006 Campaign Rally Garment workers Speakers: SWP candidates in Iowa. Sat., Nov. company’s sales rebounded to a record- those who had crossed the picket line, 4. Dinner, 5:30 p.m.; program, 7:30 p.m. 3707 breaking $19.5 billion last year. workers said. in Scotland strike Douglas Ave. Tel.: (515) 255-1707. v v for wage increase pennsylvania BY JOHN STEELE by seth dellinger Philadelphia AND MICHEL PRAIRIE by Xerardo Arias Support the Socialist Workers 2006 Cam- DANVILLE, Virginia, October 21— paign! Speakers: Osborne Hart, SWP candidate COLLINGWOOD, Ontario—There “There’s 2,200 of us on strike. Only one COATBRIDGE, Scotland, October for governor; John Staggs, SWP candidate for were cheers on the Goodyear picket line has crossed,” said James Coles, captain 18—“It wasn’t until we went on strike State House. Sat., Nov. 4. Dinner, 6 p.m.; program, here October 21 when a vanload of USW that I got to know many workers in other 7 p.m. Donation: $5 dinner, $5 program. 188 W. of a USW Local 831 picket line outside Wyoming Ave. Tel. (215) 455-2682. Local 9403 members arrived for a solidar- the Goodyear tire plant here today. departments, ” said John Clark, a knit- ity rally. The unionists work at Flexingate, Protecting retirees’ medical coverage ting machine operator on strike against new zealand a car jack manufacturer in Tottenham. is a main reason for the strike, Coles Mackinnon Mill here. “This action has Auckland “We’re here to give the Goodyear strik- said. “When the rubber is on the mill, it brought us closer together.” The Pacific Forum Meeting: N.Z., Australia ers our support,” said Local 9403 chief gives off a lot of smoke which can tax Today was the sixth day of picketing at hands off the Solomon Islands! Speaker: Janet steward Bonnie Mcleod. “They deserve this mill near Glasgow. Workers are strik- Roth. Fri., Nov. 3, 7 p.m. Donation: $3. 7 Mason your lungs. But sometimes it won’t affect Ave., Otahuhu (upstairs, above Laundromat). Tel.: it for standing up to the company.” you for 10 or 20 years. You might have a ing for a 2.5 percent pay increase. The (09) 276-8885. Members of USW Local 252G from problem five years after you retire.” bosses have refused to offer any raise. the Pilkington Glass plant here joined “I’ve never seen demands like these,” The 110 members of the Community the picket line. added Mike Elsberry, referring to trade union began their protests Sep- The same fighting spirit was present on Goodyear’s contract proposals. Elsberry tember 28. They are now striking two calendar the Goodyear picket line at an automo- is a mill operator employed by Goodyear days a week, and are into the fourth tive belt plant in Owen Sound that day. for 30 years, including 23 years at the week of actions. At the union’s branch Strikers there reported that about 400 Gadsden, Alabama, plant. But given the (local) meeting last week, workers Our History Goodyear workers at a plant in Medi- recent attacks by the bosses in the auto voted to give notice of strike dates for Is Still Being Written cine Hat, Alberta, just voted 95 percent and airline industries, “The handwriting another two months. The Story of Three Chinese-Cuban to give their bargaining committee a was on the wall,” he said. Alison McCaughie, a member of Generals in the Cuban Revolution strike mandate and may join the walk- Elsberry said that one of Goodyear’s the strike committee, said the bosses out. There are 400 Goodyear strikers in demands is to employ a “contingent have taken out an interim interdict (a Panel discussion and reception Canada at four plants. workforce” at $11 an hour with no ben- court order limiting picketing) against Wed., November 8, 7:00 p.m. Strikers here said the company is efits and part-time hours. Most workers the strikers. The company claims that Refreshments served at 6:30 p.m. trying to maintain production of hoses here earn $20–24 an hour. picketing outside the mill’s front gate, UCLA Department of Information for cars with management and office v which is also the entrance to its retail Studies. GSE&IS Bldg., Room 111 personnel. store, is illegal. Picketing there has (On the corner of Royce Dr. and Charles E. Young Dr. North) “We won’t work for $12 an hour, so By Tony Dutrow generated support from other workers we’re going to keep fighting,” said Jen- and Steve Warshell and customers, strikers said. Panelists: Mary-Alice Waters, president of Pathfinder nifer Malcolm, a member of USW Local TYLER, Texas—“This isn’t my day Management has sent all workers a Press and editor of Our History Is Still Being Written; Clara M. Chu, Associate Professor, Department of Information Studies 834 here in Collingwood. The average on the roster but I come out two or three letter stating that they should only use and Department of Asian-American Studies, UCLA; and Nobuko hourly pay is now Can$18. Strikers times a day if I can,” said striker Tommy a side entrance for coming to and from Miyamoto, Founder and Artistic Director, Great Leap said the bosses are demanding two-tier Benson October 21. “They tell us: Give, work, furthering their claim that the Facilitator: Russell Leong, editor, Amerasia Journal wages. give, and give. This is where we draw workers are not picketing the plant. v the line with Goodyear.” McCaughie said the bosses have also Sponsors: Asians in the Americas Working Group, The round-the-clock pickets also have begun disciplinary proceedings against Amerasia Journal, Dept. of Asian American Studies, By Bill Arth been getting reinforcements from other four strikers. The union is protesting So. Cal. Library for Social Studies and Research, FAYETTEVILLE, North Carolina, unionists, family, and friends. these proceedings, she said. and UCLA Asian American Studies Center The Militant November 6, 2006 3 Immigrants in coal mines strengthen union by Alyson Kennedy on the entire working class. Mexico, who went on strike for 10 An article in the September 15 Charles- These developments confirmed that months to win UMWA representation in ton Daily Mail, headlined, “Illegals in the historic influx of immigrant labor in order to change abusive conditions and coal mines spark disagreement,” said, recent decades has irreversibly strength- win livable wages and job safety. These “Officials with the United Mine Workers ened the U.S. working class. Workers workers inspired solidarity throughout of America say the problem of illegal im- and farmers are driven to immigrate the country and beyond and at a certain migrants working in West Virginia coal by grinding economic conditions in point posed the possibility of expanding mines is becoming more prevalent.” countries dominated by imperialism. the organization of western coal. Their It reported that an “illegal immigrant,” But immigrants are not suffering victims. steadfastness showed what can be done who was charged with hitting a child They are fellow workers who bring their through working-class unity regardless with a pick-up truck while driving drunk, class-struggle experiences, help broaden of whether miners are born in the United “has brought the issue to the forefront of the horizons of their co-workers, and States, Mexico, or other countries, or talks about safety in the state’s mines.” themselves shed prejudices about U.S.- whether some are undocumented. Militant/Guillermo Esquivel The worker, originally from Mexico, born workers in the process. Forty-two miners have now been Picket line at Co-Op mine in Huntington, works at a mining repair machine shop. “There are plenty of people in southern killed in U.S. coal mines this year, the Utah, March 22, 2004, during strike by West Virginia and Kentucky who would most in any single year since 2001. coal miners, many of them Mexican im- migrants, to win UMWA representation. be willing to take those jobs,” Smith said. The latest fatality was 43-year-old union talk “When you start bringing folks who are Dale Russsell Reightler, who was killed along a thin seam of rare “blue gem” coal, willing to work for lower wages, that in an October 23 explosion at an eastern used for making silicon. Joe Seay, operat- “We had heard this had been going on, causes a problem for everybody when it Pennsylvania anthracite mine. ing a roof bolter in a blue-gem mine, was that there were problems with it more comes to pay.” Thomas Channell Jr., 49, died October the 39th miner to be killed on the job this and more,” UMWA communications It is not immigrant workers, how- 20 at the Whitetail Kittanning mine in year, when a five-foot-long slab of rock director Phil Smith was quoted as saying ever, who are responsible for lowering Preston County, West Virginia. He was fell on him. Extracting this coal is dan- in the article. “I don’t know that anybody wages. It is the bosses who benefit from killed when a massive rock broke from gerous, with miners working in tunnels can put a finger on how many mines this anti-labor laws aimed at keeping im- the rib, crushing him while he was op- sometimes less than 19 inches high. is happening in, but we’re guessing this is migrant workers as “illegals” so they erating a mining machine, said the Pitts- With the price of coal remaining a problem we’re probably going to be see- will be intimidated from standing up for burgh Post-Gazette. The mine was cited high, the bosses continue to speed up ing a lot more of unless we address it.” their rights or organizing a union. The for 320 safety violations this year alone, production, forcing miners to work in A growing number of immigrants employers want immigrants to come many for roof and wall collapses. unsafe conditions. Most coal mines are working in the mines, however, is not a to this country to have a section of our Similar deteriorating job conditions nonunion. These conditions, similar in problem for coal miners but a source of class that’s superexploited, and to keep face miners in other countries. other industries and countries, pose the potential strength. working people divided by promoting the A recent article in the Post-Gazette need to build a labor movement capable The most significant working-class myth that Mexicans or other immigrants described the growth of pocitos in the of fighting effectively against the bosses’ struggles in the United States recently take away “American” jobs. northern state of Coahuila, Mexico’s assaults. This can only be done by seeing have been led by immigrants, largely Under capitalism, competition for jobs only coal mining region. A miner goes immigrant workers as our brothers and from Mexico and Central America, many reigns. A constant influx of immigrant into these holes, some 30 feet straight sisters, championing their demand to of whom are undocumented. Last spring, labor does lower wages, if the union into the ground, to dig for coal, while legalize all immigrants now, and making millions of immigrant workers and their movement doesn’t take the initiative others hoist buckets loaded with coal every effort to draw them into unionizing supporters marched across the country to embrace all workers and back any to the surface. The article described the the mines and other workplaces. demanding legalization for all. On May struggles to unionize workers, native- pocitos as “minuscule mining outposts 1, the first multi-city general political and foreign-born. with no more than 20 workers and, until Alyson Kennedy was a coal miner at strike in U.S. history took place, with During the miners’ struggle to or- very recently, a reputation for bypassing the Co-Op mine in Huntington, Utah. two million workers refusing to work and ganize the Co-Op mine in Utah the even the most basic safety standards.” She was part of the 10-month strike joining actions in dozens of cities and UMWA took the side of the 75 coal The pocitos sound like the mines that and two-year-long battle to organize small towns. This had a positive impact miners, most of them immigrants from have opened up in eastern Kentucky the UMWA at that mine.

Fall ‘Militant‘ Subscription Drive Best week yet in ‘Militant’ subscription drive Sept. 9 – Nov. 7 ♦ Week 6 of 8 Continued from front page where there is an ongoing tug of war over quota after selling 13 subs last week. organized threats against Korea, the refusal of state and local officials to With similar efforts, selling the re- Country Quota Sold % and sold 43 subscriptions,” wrote provide even the rudiments of education,” maining 871 subscriptions in the next UNITED KINGDOM Alyson Kennedy from New York. wrote John Studer from Philadelphia, two weeks to meet the overall goal is Edinburgh** 55 48 87% “We now have a shot at meeting where Militant supporters increased their not out of reach. London* 100 86 86% our quota of 300. We did this by organizing sales teams every UK Total 155 134 86% $90,000 ‘Militant‘ Fund Drive SWEDEN 37 30 81% day and going throughout the Militant Fund AUSTRALIA 50 40 80% city. Two teams in Harlem had a Sept. 9 –Nov. 7 ♦ Week 6 of 8 NEW ZEALAND 60 48 80% great response, selling five subs. BY paul pederson Country Quota Paid % CANADA 130 97 75% Many African-Americans were Militant supporters sent in $12,500 AUSTRALIA 1,200 940 78% UNITED STATES attracted to the tables with the big in week six of the eight-week fund NEW ZEALAND 2,500 1,632 65% UNITED STATES Albany, NY 20 15 75% sign ‘U.S. Hands Off Korea!’ One drive. That leaves just over $33,000 to woman said, ‘They should get Washington, D.C. 2,800 2,268 81% Philadelphia* 135 101 75% be sent in the next two weeks to meet San Francisco* 9,000 6,999 78% Houston 100 73 73% their hands off everyone!’ People the $90,000 goal to pay for reporting Birmingham 3,500 2,709 77% Newark 150 110 73% in Harlem also welcomed the cov- trips and operating costs. Des Moines 2,200 1,667 76% erage on the Goodyear strike. An Boston 3,500 2,649 76% Boston 120 81 68% The number of U.S. cities on target ironworker said he would bring to make their quota increased from Atlanta 5,500 3,960 72% San Francisco 75 51 68% Philadelphia* 4,000 2,741 69% it up at his union meeting and he two to five this week as Des Moines, Birmingham 115 77 67% New York 13,000 8,813 68% subscribed on that basis. Birmingham, and San Francisco joined Miami 2,500 1,662 66% Washington, DC 105 70 67% “Two teams at Boricua College Washington D.C. and Boston, the only Los Angeles 8,200 4,525 55% Des Moines 175 116 66% sold four more subs. We also two on schedule last week. Chicago 5,000 2,448 49% Chicago 100 64 64% sold three subs in Manhattan’s Fundraising events are helping the Newark 3,500 1,710 49% Atlanta 100 62 62% Seattle 7,000 3,300 47% Little Korea and at Koreatown campaign. Cindy Jacquith, a Militant Pittsburgh 4,200 1,707 41% New York 300 187 62% in Flushing, Queens. A young correspondent in Iran during the Ira- Houston 3,200 1,300 41% Twin Cities 160 97 61% Korean who subscribed in Little nian revolution in 1979 and subsequent Twin Cities 4,800 1,880 39% Amherst, MA 10 6 60% Korea made a sign in Korean for years, spoke October 21 at a forum in Amherst 60 20 33% Miami 170 100 59% Detroit 1,200 25 2% our table, saying: ‘Reunification! Atlanta on “The Middle East, Capital- Albany 120 0 0% Pittsburgh 60 34 57% U.S. troops out of Korea!’, which ism’s World Disorder, and Prospects San Diego 50 0 0% Seattle 80 43 54% attracted more attention.” for Revolutionary Change.” The event Other 500 Los Angeles 145 72 50% “We concluded a very success- raised most of the $1,100 sent in from U.S. total 83,330 50,883 61% CANADA 3,500 2,025 58% San Diego, CA 6 3 50% ful week,” wrote Alasdair Mac- Atlanta last week. FRANCE 250 137 55% Tampa, FL 10 5 50% Donald from Sydney, Australia. At an event in Seattle the same day, at UNITED KINGDOM Detroit 10 4 40% “We used the issue with the SWP which Tom Leonard, a longtime leader London 1,300 640 49% U.S. Total 2146 1371 64% statement on solidarity with the of the Socialist Workers Party and former Edinburgh 500 60 12% Korean people and turned around merchant seaman during World War II, UK total 1,800 700 39% ICELAND 18 7 39% ICELAND 450 367 37% OTHER 2 our results, selling 9 subs and get- spoke, over $900 in contributions and SWEDEN 500 85 17% Int’l totals 2596 1729 67% ting ahead.” new pledges were raised. Intl’l totals 93,530 56,769 63% Should be 2600 1950 75% “We sold 5 more subs in the Please send contributions to the Mili- Goal/Should be 90,000 67,500 75% *increased quota (**twice) Black community of Chester tant at the address listed on page 2. *raised goal

4 The Militant November 6, 2006 U.S. drought ravages working farmers Gov’t aid goes to wealthiest capitalist growers, ranchers by karl butts dry or drought conditions this year, from Johanns announced recently that Wash- BIRMINGHAM, Alabama—Work- Georgia to Arizona in the south and ington would provide $780 million for ing farmers in many U.S. states this year from Montana to Wisconsin in the north. drought assistance in South Dakota, are facing the devastating combination Ranked as the third worst drought on re- including $700 million in subsidies of drought conditions and increasing cord, it is the continuation of an ongoing for farmers producing corn and other costs of production. While capitalist weather cycle that began in 1999. grains and $50 million for livestock politicians have campaigned around In north-central South Dakota, where producers. offers of “drought assistance” and other the temperature reached 120 degrees All these programs, however, tie com- aid, most of these funds end up in the this summer, an estimated 90 percent of pensation to the size or production levels coffers of the wealthiest capitalist farm- the natural watering holes dried up. of a particular operation. As a result, ers and landlords. Parts of Texas experienced a 16-month nearly half of the $23 billion in 2005 Wheat farmer in Lamar, Colorado, inspects soil on his farm damaged by drought. “This is the most expensive crop I’ve dry spell with 29 days of temperatures farm subsidies went to the wealthiest 5 grown, and it looks like it’s going to over 100 degrees. Officials estimated percent of farmers and landlords. Frank Taylor, director of the Win- be the worst crop I’ve ever harvested,” $4 billion in losses or double that of the The $50 million Livestock Assistance ston County Self-Help Cooperative in Alabama cotton farmer Bob Luker told 1998 drought, according to an August 14 Program (LAP) benefits are to be spread Mississippi, told the Militant that even local media, referring to the doubling National Public Radio report. over 748 eligible counties. This amounts though the drought has affected their of his costs for diesel fuel, electricity, Many farmers in affected areas are to up to $2,000 per household, accord- members, including two who have been and fertilizer. In the last year, the price salvaging their drought-stunted crops ing to Al Guston, a farm news radio forced to scale down their herds, they of a ton of fertilizer leapt from $150 to to feed livestock struggling on scorched announcer and rancher in Bismarck, won’t be able to apply for assistance. He more than $320. pastures. Ranchers are being forced to North Dakota. Guston told National said three collection sites in their county The Alabama Farmers Association sell off parts or all their herds due to Public Radio that in contrast local ranch- received enough rain from isolated predicted that up to 75 percent of corn lack of water, hay, or other affordable ers’ feed bills alone will run $20,000 to summer thunderstorms to deem farm- and 50 percent of cotton crops would feed sources. $40,000. ers living there ineligible, even though be lost to the high temperatures and Also LAP would only reimburse adjacent counties qualified. low rainfall. Alabama’s largest row crop, Gov’t aid goes to richest farmers farmers whose line of credit allowed The government also uses narrow cotton, is considered a failure, according The government’s response is in effect purchases of supplemental feed, water- application windows to limit partici- to Jeff Thompson of Autauga Quality to come to the aid of the rich capital- ing operations, and livestock transport pation in aid programs. Agricultural Cotton Association. ist farmers at the expense of working to greener pastures. Those lacking the officials in Alabama announced with Farmers and ranchers in more than 60 farmers. financial resources are forced to sell off two weeks notice that forms for LAP percent of the country faced abnormally U.S. Agriculture Secretary Michael their herds. would be available October 2 with a close-out date for submission October 16. This coincides with the fall harvest Australian gold mine company ignored warnings when most working farmers are working sunup to sundown. prior to rock fall that killed one miner, injured two Government-subsidized crop insur- ance is no panacea for farmers, either. BY RON POULSEN fall occurred. agers ignored pleas by miners to leave Most can only afford to insure a portion SYDNEY, Australia—On January 30, Some miners told the Australian that support pillars in place, saying “there’s of their crop. Then when the farmer three months before a deadly mine disas- the size of floor separations had been too much gold there.” wants to make a claim, the insurer ter in northern Tasmania, Beaconsfield reduced as the gold seam became richer. Mine owners refused to comment on usually forces the farmer to harvest as Gold, which owns the deep underground As a result, the vertical floor-to-floor dis- the release of the report, claiming the much as possible despite the economic gold mine there, received an official tance was cut from 25 meters at higher matter was still before an inquiry and consequences of doing so. report that sections of the mine were levels of the mine to only 10 meters at the the coroner. In some cases, farmers are taking to unstable, along with recommendations 925-meter level. the streets to demand government aid, of measures the company could take to Mick Borrill, a drill operator who Alasdair Macdonald contributed to this as did 400 ranchers who demonstrated stabilize them. worked in that section, said mine man- article. August 23 in Bismarck, North Dakota. But according to miners, these recom- mendations were not implemented in the section of the mine where three months 25, 50, and 75 years ago later, on April 25, a massive rock fall killed Larry Knight and nearly took the lives of two other miners, Todd Russell and Brant Webb, who were entombed one kilometer underground for two weeks. A marathon rescue effort by fellow miners November 6, 1981 November 5, 1956 November 7, 1931 made international headlines as they The Federal Labor Relations Au- All the recent capitalist propaganda The dramatic and gigantic convulsions finally freed the two trapped miners. thority ruled October 22 that the about Western imperialism and co- of world capitalism are at present unfold- A confidential report from January Professional Air Traffic Controllers lonialism being a thing of the past, ing over a far vaster scene than that of was revealed in the October 7 Australian, Organization should be decertified for a phenomenon of the 19th Century, Germany. All attention is converging on a national daily, in a front-page article the crime of going on strike. has gone down the drain with the England. However, from the point of view headlined “Mine had ample cave-in Decertification means PATCO is not invasion of Egypt. There is nothing in of the revolution, the German field must warning.” The investigation was com- recognized as a union. The union is the last century’s long list of colonial not be lost sight of for a single moment. missioned by mine bosses after a rock-fall appealing the decertification. wars and imperialist land-grabbing For the economic reserves of British last October near the subsequent fatal PATCO is a member of the AFL- that is any cruder than the current imperialism are incomparably greater roof collapse. Work was suspended in CIO. The decertification of the union British-French-Israeli war against than those of Germany, which have been the area for a time. and firing of 12,000 strikers is the Egypt. dilapidated and wiped out by the war…. The report, by AMC Consultants biggest defeat in the twenty-six year The facts are plain: British and Nevertheless, the internal situation geo-technical engineer Glenn Sharrock, history of the labor federation. French imperialism in collusion with in Germany is not devoid in important said the damage to those sections of the The air controllers union executive the Israeli government made plans events these last few weeks. Above all, mine “extends beyond the support capac- board announced October 28: “PATCO for an armed attack on Egypt. British there is the reappearance of the Na- ity.” Sharrock warned of “the potential… members have been locked out by their and French forces were concentrated tional Socialists on the political arena, for further large and damaging seismic former employer and could not return on the nearby island of Cyprus which as expressed on the one hand, by their events” caused by mining activities and to work even if so ordered. [When Britain holds only by a reign of terror. return to parliament and, on the other, “unfavorable mine geometry.” Sharrock the Federal Aviation Administration Israel began a total military mobiliza- by extra-parliamentary actions. Thus, on recommended strengthened roof sup- ends the lockout] PATCO would im- tion. When everything was ready the the Jewish New Year the National Social- ports, such as six-meter cable bolts. The mediately order all of its members to Israeli army invaded Egypt, heading ists organized a veritable little pogrom, report also urged a new safer method return to work.” toward Suez… similar to their attack on the shop fronts of “checker-boarding,” leaving larger A union spokesperson explained that The brutal aggression against Egypt last year. The measures taken against un-mined layers between mine tunnels, the decision was reached as “a show of and the slaughter that the imperialists them are of no account, the ring leaders “to reduce the chances” of “fault slip… in good faith before the appeals court” to have begun is motivated by imperi- were not even summoned to court. We the future.” win back the union’s certification. alism’s desire not only to control the see therefore, that in view of threatening A company spokesperson denied that Reagan’s Transportation Secretary profitable Suez Canal but to smash weather, the bourgeoisie is once more Beaconsfield did not implement all the Drew Lewis applauded the FLRA rul- the mounting national independence forced to utilize the National Socialists report’s recommendations, saying larger ing: “It reaffirms…that the citizens of movement of the Arab people which after discarding them for six months … it cone bolts were not “specifically recom- this country cannot be allowed to pick has been inspired by the nationaliza- is obliged to consider once more seriously mended” for level 925 where the fatal and choose the laws they obey.” tion of Suez. the prospect of Fascist arms.

The Militant November 6, 2006 5 Cuban media cover widely 7-city book tour

The Cuban press is giving wide cov- erage to the cross-island speaking tour to discuss and promote Our History Is Still Being Written: The Story of Three Chinese-Cuban Generals in the Cuban Revolution (in Spanish, Nuestra historia aún se está escribiendo). As of October 20, events had been held in Ciego de Ávila, Holguín, Bayamo, and Santiago de Cuba. With three meetings still to go—two in Villa Clara province, and the wind-up in Havana—the first four events had been covered by some 15 articles or broadcasts in Cuban news- papers and on radio and TV. In addition, portions of the Holguín meeting, includ- ing parts of the talks by Moisés Sío Wong, one of the generals interviewed in the book, and Mary-Alice Waters, the book’s editor, were broadcast on prime-time Cu- ban national TV October 19, and again the next morning. The Ciego de Ávila meeting was also covered in a dispatch by China’s news agency, Xinhua. In addition to the media excerpted below, reports were carried over Radio Above, some of the Cuban media that have covered the seven-city tour to promote Our History Is Still Being Written. Havana Cuba, Radio Bayamo, Radio For his part, Brigadier General Moisés edition, and the newspaper reported that of the five imprisoned youth. We send Surco, and Aldia TV in Holguín. Sío Wong, president of the Cuban-Chi- work has begun on translating the book them books when they ask us.” nese Friendship Association, stated his into Chinese. v From October 19 Juventud Rebelde, opinion that the appearance of this book v From October 19 broadcast by Radio daily published by Union of Young Com- is very necessary and will contribute to From October 18 Invasor, local newspa- Reloj. munists of Cuba. brotherhood between the two countries. per in Ciego de Ávila. Nuestra historia aún se está escribi- BY LUIS RAÚL VÁZQUEZ …[T]he presentation [was] held in the An article by Sayli Sosa Barceló endo, an interview with three Cuban- MUÑOZ José Inda Hernández House of Culture. reported that among the speakers was Chinese generals, was presented last CIEGO DE ÁVILA—The book Nues- v “Iraida Aguirrechu Núñez, editorial night in Holguín’s Chinese community tra historia aún se está escribiendo, con- From Chinese News Agency Xinhua. head of Editora Política, who announced by the New York publisher Pathfinder taining the unpublished reminiscences of HAVANA, Oct. 19, 2006 (Xinhua via that a Cuban edition of the title is being Press.... General Moisés Sío Wong three Cuban generals of Chinese descent, COMTEX)—The book Nuestra historia prepared, and General Moisés Sío Wong. thanked Pathfinder Press for the work it is was presented in Ciego de Ávila. This aún se está escribiendo by the U.S. pub- Also attending were members of the Min doing for Cuba, and gave the first signed was the first in a series of launchings lisher Pathfinder Press, containing the Chih Tang Chinese Society of Ciego copy to Miguel Díaz Canel, member of that will be held in Holguín, Granma reminiscences of three Cuban generals of de Ávila, the Association of Combat- the Political Bureau and First Secretary [province], Santiago de Cuba, and Villa Chinese descent, was presented in Ciego ants of the territory, and leaders of the of the Party in Holguín. (Fabio Ochoa Clara. de Ávila, in the center of the island.... political and mass organizations in the reporting) The director of Pathfinder Press, Mary- This work reveals the role of the Chinese municipality.” v Alice Waters, announced that the volume emigration in the freedom struggles of v From October 20 Ahora, local news- includes interviews done between 2002 the Caribbean nation, the daily Juventud From interview in October 20 Invasor. paper in Holguín. Also broadcast over and 2005 by a group of U.S. journalists Rebelde pointed out today. The three BY SAYLI SOSA BARCELÓ Radio Angulo. with generals Armando Choy, Gustavo military men give accounts of their par- On the occasion of the presentation Our History Is Still Being Written... Chui, and Moisés Sío Wong. She added ticipation in the revolutionary war against of the book Nuestra historia aún se está was presented in the headquarters of that one of the merits of the work, which the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista escribiendo in Ciego de Ávila, Mary- Holguin’s Association of Chinese De- was presented for the first time in the (1952–1958) and the early years of the Alice Waters, president of Pathfinder scendants with the attendance of one last [Havana] International Book Fair, is Cuban Revolution, which triumphed in Press, responded to some questions by of its protagonists, general Moisés Sío revealing the role of emigrants from the 1959. They also tell of their actions during Invasor Digital. Wong, and Mary-Alice Waters, publisher Asian giant in the struggles for Cuba’s the civil war in Angola (1976–1991) and —What themes does your publishing of the book and Pathfinder’s president.... independence, a fact unknown in the other internationalist missions, including house take up? By reading this title [we] can also world. the solidarity given to Venezuela. “We like to say that Pathfinder Press enlarge our knowledge about the Cuban In its pages, she pointed out, the three [Mary-Alice] Waters stated that the was born with the Russian Revolution, Revolution and Cuba’s role on its fight military men tell of their participation in book has become one of the Pathfinder because those who came before us pub- against colonialism and imperialism, the revolutionary war against the Batista titles that has had the greatest impact lished communist literature in the United added the U.S. editor... dictatorship, the early years of the Revo- in the United States, primarily in the States. We try to publish the books, pam- General Sío Wong highlighted the Chi- lution, their actions in Angola and other Chinese community of more than two phlets, and magazines that U.S. working nese presence during Cuba’s wars against internationalist missions, including the million persons.... people need, and that is, above all, in Spanish colonialism (XIX century), as solidarity given to Venezuela.... Editora Política is preparing a Cuban order to get organized in a communist well as in the last war that overthrew Ful- party, to do away with the imperialist- gencio Batista’s tyranny, the one ended capitalist system in the world.” with the people’s victory of January the Study, Share, Promote... —Are North American youth interested first, 1959.... in the literature Pathfinder publishes? Today [the book] is circulating in the Our History “There is considerable and growing United States and will be presented in is still being written interest, which is the most important different parts of the world during the thing. Concerning the Cuban Revolution, coming November. It was said too a The story of three for example, they know it exists, but they Canada tour for the presentation of the Chinese-Cuban Generals in don’t know the truth about Cuba. They book in the early days of 2007 is being the Cuban Revolution know what the government of my coun- arranged. try says, but they’re not familiar with the v Armando Choy f Gustavo Chui f Moisés Sío Wong reality that the rulers don’t want them to From October 20 Ahora. find answers in. The books we publish BY MARÍA JULIA GUERRA The story of three young rebels of Chinese-Cuban ancestry who are among the few that really explain The book was presented in the Chi- threw themselves into the great proletarian battle that defined what the Cuban Revolution is and why nese quarter by one of its protagonists: their generation. They became combatants in the clandestine the U.S. government is so ferocious General Moisés Sío Wong. He stated struggle and 1956–58 revolutionary war that brought down a toward the Cuban people....” that it was being done in honor of Cu- U.S.-backed dictatorship and opened the door to the socialist “Our publishing house maintains cor- ban Culture Day, and within the Camilo respondence with the Five Cuban Heroes [Cienfuegos]-Che [Guevara] national day revolution in the Americas. Each became a general in Cuba’s who are prisoners in U.S. jails. From the of activities.... Revolutionary Armed Forces. Also available in Spanish. $20 first years of their imprisonment we’ve At the presentation—which was at- www.Pathfinderpress.Com maintained correspondence with some Continued on page 7

6 The Militant November 6, 2006 Militant/ Martín Koppel Gen. Moisés Sío Wong speaks at October 17 presentation of Our History Is Still Being Written Militant/ Martín Koppel at House of Culture in Ciego de Ávila. To his right are Iraida Aguirrechu of Editora Política Min Chih Tang members opened program with Lion Dance and martial arts demonstration and Mary-Alice Waters, president of Pathfinder Press. Back row, from left: Luis Chang, president of Min Chih Tang, the Association of Chinese-Cubans in Ciego de Ávila, and Elio Alvarez Puig, provincial president of Association of Combatants of Cuban Revolution. 250 at Santiago event Continued from front page came from the Association of Com- pal government building here that Fidel batants of the Cuban Revolution. The Castro, on Jan. 2, 1959, addressed the ju- seven-city tour was hosted in each area bilant people of Santiago after the Batista by the municipal government and the dictatorship’s forces had surrendered the Cuban Communist Party in the province. city to the Rebel Army, sealing the final In addition to Santiago, in Holguín and victory of the revolutionary war. Bayamo as well the first secretaries of In addition to Sío Wong, speakers at the party, Miguel Díaz Canel and Lázaro the presentation included Iraida Aguir- Expósito, were introduced along with rechu of Editora Política, the publishing the presidents of the municipal assem- house of the Cuban Communist Party’s blies and other government and party Central Committee, and Mary-Alice officials. Waters, editor of the book and president The Ciego de Ávila presentation was Militant/ Martín Koppel of Pathfinder Press. Students at the Camilo Cienfuegos Military School (Camilitos) at Pathfinder book table highlighted by the participation of more at the October 19 meeting on Our History Is Still Being Written in Bayamo, Cuba. Earlier in the week Sío Wong, Aguirre- than 60 members of Min Chih Tang, the chu, and Waters had spoken at meetings local Chinese-Cuban association. They the book presentations in every city. at an outdoor cultural gala held as part in the cities of Ciego de Ávila, Holguín, opened the program with a performance In Bayamo, in the eastern province of the nationwide celebration of Cuban and Bayamo. Gen. Armando Choy will of the Lion Dance and demonstrations of of Granma, the meeting was held in the Culture Day. speak at two similar events in Quemado tai chi and martial arts. After the meet- patio of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes More than 200 copies of Our History de Güines and Corralillo, both in Villa ing, leaders of Min Chih Tang invited the Museum—the house where the leader Is Still Being Written, along with other Clara province. And all three authors— speakers and other guests to their hall for of the 1868 independence war against Pathfinder titles, have been snapped up Choy, Sío Wong, and Gen. Gustavo a Chinese banquet they had prepared. Spain, known in Cuba as “the father of by those attending the meetings, which Chui—will speak along with Aguirrechu The Holguín meeting also took place in the country,” was born. Afterward the have been widely covered by the Cuban and Waters at a meeting in Havana. the local Chinese cultural center, and speakers and other guests joined hun- media, both local and national, including The initiative for the presentations Chinese-Cuban residents participated in dreds of city residents as honored guests television and radio. Cuban media cover tour on ‘Our History Is Still Being Written’ Continued from page 6 in Cuba was the Revolution,” stated Committee and first secretary of the escribiendo, presented in the City Exhibi- tended by Miguel Díaz, member of Brigadier General Moisés Sío Wong in Party in Granma; Juan González, vice tion Hall of the Municipal Assembly of the Political Bureau of the Communist presenting the book Nuestra historia president of the Government in the People’s Power in Santiago de Cuba. Party of Cuba and First Secretary of the aún se está escribiendo in the museum province; Iraida Aguirrechu, editorial As part of the activities celebrating Cu- Party—General Sío Wong stressed the at the birthplace of the Father of the director of Editora Política; and other ban Culture Day, the Heroic City became participation in Cuba’s wars of indepen- Country Carlos Manuel de Céspedes in personalities. one of the sites chosen to launch this dence of Lieutenant Colonel José Bu and Bayamo, capital of the eastern province v publication of Editora Política. As stated Captain José Tolón, who fought in the of Granma.... From October 21 broadcast by Radio by Iraida Aguirrechu, representative of three wars. Mary-Alice Waters, editor of the book CMKC, Santiago de Cuba. the Communist Party of Cuba’s publish- v and member of the National Committee BY ELVIRA OROZCO VITAL ing house, Santiago de Cuba was chosen From October 20 La Demajagua, local of the Socialist Workers Party of the SANTIAGO DE CUBA, Oct. 21, not just because of the history amassed newspaper in Bayamo. northern nation, stressed its importance 2006—The presence of Chinese in Cuba in each of the city’s streets, houses, in- BY RAYNOR AMAURY RIVERA as “a weapon in defense of the truth about before, during, and after the triumph of stitutions, and parks. Rather, because LICEA Cuba and its Revolution.” the Cuban Revolution is a topic told by here there are many families of Chinese “The principal measure taken to Attending the meeting were Lázaro three protagonists of Oriental features descent who also have given their support eliminate discrimination against Chinese Expósito Canto, member of the Central in the book Nuestra historia aún se está to the revolutionary process on the island in different periods.... Speaking to intellectuals, artists, lead- ers of political and mass organizations and of enterprises and cultural and work- ers institutions, Sío Wong stressed that the virtue of Nuestra historia aún se está escribiendo resides in having penetrated into the belly of the beast—the United States—breaking through the distortions and the silence they try to impose on the truth about Cuba.... Attending the presentation were Mi- sael Enamorado Dáger, member of the Political Bureau and first secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Party; and deputy Rolando Yero, president of the Provincial Assembly of People’s Power here. Map shows the seven Cuban cities where meetings to discuss and promote Our History Is Still Being Written were held as part of tour.

The Militant November 6, 2006 7 How working people in Korea pushed back Washington in 1950s war BY Olympia Newton time headed by Joseph Stalin. Through P yo n g y a n g , “The American intervention in Korea a bloody reign of terror that overturned the capital of is a brutal imperialist invasion,” wrote many of the gains of the October 1917 north Korea, James P. Cannon, then-national secretary revolution led by the Bolsheviks, Stalin before (above) of the Socialist Workers Party, in an open and a bureaucratic caste around him had and after (left) letter to U.S. president Harry Truman in usurped political power and driven work- Washington’s bombing in Ko- July 1950. Weeks earlier, Truman had ing people in Russia out of politics. The rean War. sent the first of what would be 5.7 million Stalinist regime subverted revolutionary U.S. troops cloaked in the blue flag of struggles around the world in order to Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan five more targets left—it had destroyed all the United Nations to invade Korea. The defend its privileges and give itself more years earlier, would consider using structures that could be seen from the struggle of the Korean people “is part of leverage to negotiate with capitalist “every weapon we have.” Three years air, including huts. the mighty uprising of the hundreds of powers as part of its policy of “peaceful later, Republican president Dwight D. An estimated 4 million Koreans— millions of colonial people throughout coexistence” with imperialism. Eisenhower threatened to “remove all some 13 percent of the population—were Asia against Western imperialism,” wrote But hundreds of thousands of Korean restraints in our use of weapons.” killed during the war, half of whom were Cannon. “The colonial slaves don’t want workers and peasants refused to go along civilians. An additional 5 million were to be slaves any longer.” with the deal. Between 1945 and 1950, ‘Nape scrapes’ left homeless. In addition, 132,000 Chi- The partition of Korea imposed by U.S. nearly 100,000 Koreans who participated While stopping short of using nuclear nese volunteers who joined the war to aid imperialism half a century ago remains in strikes, peasants’ protests, and armed weapons, the U.S. military acknowledges their Korean brothers and sisters, were the most explosive unresolved national resistance in the south were killed by U.S. dropping 250,000 pounds of napalm per killed. Fifty-four thousand U.S. troops division in the world today. and south Korean troops and govern- day during the Korean War. The Korean died during the three-year war, “a more In 1910, the rising imperialist Japan ment-sanctioned right-wing thugs. In estimates of U.S. napalm use are about lethal combat exchange than was the formally annexed Korea. The invaders the north, capitalist property relations three times higher. In addition, U.S.-led Vietnamese War,” as Glenn put it. stole land from thousands of peasants and were overturned, and the Democratic forces unleashed 428,000 “conventional” Despite the massive destruction suppressed the Korean language. They People’s Republic of Korea was founded bombs on Pyongyang, which had a popu- wrought by U.S. forces, the Korean and forced the now-landless peasants to serve in September 1948. lation of only 400,000 at the time. Chinese people refused to be beaten and in the Japanese army or labor in Japanese In 1950 the Democratic Party admin- In a 1997 interview, former U.S. fought Washington to a stalemate. In mines, construction sites, and munitions istration of President Harry Truman Senator John Glenn, who was a Marine July 1953, the DPRK forced U.S. gener- factories. By the end of World War II, 10 launched the Korean War. Even though pilot in the war, described flying jets als to sign an armistice agreement. The percent of Korea’s population had been the war unfolded during the anti-com- with “hundred gallon napalm tanks with agreement divided the country at the “relocated,” against their will, to Japan. munist witch hunt, it was unpopular the white phosphorous grenade cap on 38th parallel and set up a 2.5-mile-wide These included tens of thousands of Ko- among working people in the United there, so that when it hit the ground…it “Demilitarized Zone” (DMZ) across the rean “comfort women”—sexual slaves States. would burst into flame and ignite the peninsula. Washington and Seoul have in Japanese military brothels. Thousands “This is more than a fight for unifica- napalm.” Such “nape scrapes” and other refused to sign a peace treaty in the five of Koreans were killed for resisting Japa- tion and national liberation. It is a civil aerial bombs took out giant sections of decades since U.S. imperialism was nese domination. war,” Cannon wrote in his letter to Tru- the population, leaving those who sur- handed its first-ever military defeat. man. “On the one side are the Korean vived permanently scarred with painful As the Aug. 3, 1953, Militant noted, Anti-colonial uprising workers, peasants and student youth. second-degree burns. Thousands of “There can be no possibility for a last- Coming out of World War II, the On the other are the Korean landlords, civilians, many of them south Korean ing peace in the Far East until the U.S. Korean people took advantage of the usurers, capitalists and their police and refugees, were strafed during the bomb- troops are withdrawn from Korea and weakened position of their colonial occu- political agents. The impoverished and ing raids. brought home.” To this day, 30,000 U.S. pier to deepen their struggle for national exploited working masses have risen to “There was hardly a single house left soldiers remain on Korean soil to keep independence. “People’s committees,” drive out the native parasites as well as standing,” recalled Yan Von Sik, a soldier the country divided. But working people uniting forces from the anti-colonial their foreign prosecutors.” in the Korean People’s Army, in a CNN on both sides of the 38th parallel have struggle and other popular movements, In 1950, Truman said Washington, documentary. By the end of the war, the not been derailed in their struggle for sprang up and began to assume control which had dropped atomic bombs on U.S. bombing command said it had no reunification. of both cities and rural areas. On Sept. 6, 1945, a new government with close links to the people’s committees was formed in Seoul. It declared the country’s inde- if you like this paper, look us up Where to find distributors of the Mall Apt. 408. Zip: 48360. Tel: (248) 860- Tel: (02) 9718 9698. E-mail: cl_australia@ pendence from Japanese colonial rule. 9341. E-mail: youngsocialistsdetroit@ optusnet.com.au It also announced plans for a sweeping Militant, New International, and a full display of Pathfinder books. gmail.com land reform, nationalization of major CANADA MINNESOTA: St. Paul: 113 Bernard industry, universal suffrage for men and UNITED STATES St. E, West St. Paul. Zip: 55118. Tel: (651) ONTARIO: Toronto: 2238 Dundas St. women over 18, an eight-hour workday, 644-6325. E-mail: [email protected] W., #201, Postal code M6R 3A9. Tel: (416) ALABAMA: Birmingham: 3029A 535-9140. E-mail: [email protected] minimum wage, and democratic rights. Bessemer Rd. Zip: 35208. Tel: (205) 780- 0021. E-mail: [email protected] NEW JERSEY: Newark: 168 Bloomfield Two days later, the U.S. government Ave., 2nd Floor. Zip: 07104. Tel: (973) 481- FRANCE CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles: 4229 S. landed troops commanded by Gen. 0077. E-mail: [email protected] Paris: P.O. 175, 23 rue Lecourbe. Douglas MacArthur in Korea with the Central Ave. Zip: 90011. Tel: (323) 233-9372. E-mail: [email protected] San Diego: Tel: Postal code: 75015. Tel: (01) 40-10-28-37. aim of blocking these anti-imperialist NEW YORK: Albany: Tel: (518) 929- (619) 253-1396. E-mail: sdyoungsocialists@ 4786. E-mail:Young Socialists518@gmail. E-mail: [email protected] and anti-capitalist measures. MacArthur gmail.com San Francisco: 3926 Mission St. com Manhattan: 306 W. 37th St., 10th announced U.S. military control of the Zip: 94112. Tel: (415) 584-2135. E-mail: swpsf Floor. Zip: 10018. Tel: (212) 629-6649.E- ICELAND southern part of Korea and organized the @sbcglobal.net mail: [email protected] Reykjavík: Skolavordustig 6B. Mailing FLORIDA: Miami: 8365 NE 2nd Ave. address: P. Box 0233, IS 121 Reykjavík. Tel: occupation forces to brutally crush work- PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: 188 ers and peasants’ organizations there. #206. Mailing address: P.O. Box 380846. 552 1202. E-mail: [email protected] Zip: 33138. Tel: (305) 756-4436. E-mail: W. Wyoming Ave. Zip: 19140. Tel: (215) The U.S. forces imposed a military pup- [email protected] Tampa: Tel: (813) 455-2682. E-mail: [email protected] pet government, which enforced all laws 774-1059. E-mail: youngsocialists813@ Pittsburgh: 5907 Penn Ave., Suite 225. NEW ZEALAND gmail.com Zip: 15206. Tel: (412) 365-1090. E-mail: Auckland: Suite 3, 7 Mason Ave., Otahuhu. established by the Japanese occupiers. PittsburghSWP @verizon.net Postal address: P.O. Box 3025. Tel: (9) 276- Among other measures, MacArthur de- GEORGIA: Atlanta: 2791 Lakewood 8885. E-mail: [email protected] clared English as the official language. Ave. Zip: 30315. Mailing address: P.O. Box TEXAS: Houston: 4800 W. 34th St., 162515, Zip: 30321. Tel: (404) 768-1709. Suite C-51A. Zip: 77092. Tel: (713) 869- At the same time, workers and peasants E-mail: [email protected] 6550. E-mail: swphouston@ sbcglobal.net SWEDEN Stockholm: Bildhuggarvägen 17, 12144 in China were engaged in a revolutionary ILLINOIS: Chicago: 3557 S. Archer WASHINGTON, D.C.: 3717 B Johanneshov. Tel: (08) 31 69 33. E-mail: struggle against the dictatorial, capitalist Ave. Zip: 60609. Tel: (773) 890-1190. E-mail: Georgia Ave. NW, Ground Floor. Zip: [email protected] regime of Chiang Kai-shek. With the [email protected] 20010. Tel: (202) 536-5080. E-mail: invasion of Korea, Washington hoped IOWA: Des Moines: 3707 Douglas Ave. [email protected] UNITED KINGDOM not only to bring the entire Korean pen- Zip: 50310. Tel: (515) 255-1707. E-mail: [email protected] ENGLAND: London: First Floor, 120 insula under its control but also to prevent WASHINGTON: Seattle: 5418 Rainier MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: 114 Ave. South. Zip: 98118-2439. Tel: (206) 323- Bethnal Green (Entrance in Brick Lane). the Chinese workers and peasants from Rolling Green Dr. Zip: 01002. . Tel: (914) 1755. E-mail: [email protected] Postal code: E2 6DG. Tel: 020-7613-3855. removing the yoke of imperialist domina- 466-6772. E-mail: AmherstYS@hotmail. E-mail: [email protected] tion and capitalist exploitation there. com Boston: 13 Bennington St., 2nd Floor, AUSTRALIA SCOTLAND: Edinburgh: Second Floor, In carving up Korea, the U.S. govern- East Boston. Zip: 02128. Tel: (617) 569-9169. Sydney: 1st Flr, 3/281-287 Beamish 105 Hanover St. Postal code: EH2 1DJ. Tel: E-mail: [email protected] ment had the complicity of the bureau- St., Campsie, NSW 2194. Mailing 0131-226-2756. E-mail: cl.edinburgh@ btinternet.com cratic regime in the Soviet Union, at that MICHIGAN: Detroit: 695 Gullen address: P.O. Box 164, Campsie, NSW 2194.

8 The Militant November 6, 2006 Editorial Socialist Workers Party Candidates Alabama Clay Dennison, Governor Vote Socialist Workers in 2006! Karl Butts, Commis. of Agriculture Continued from front page assaults. It calls for fighting for legislation to legalize all California Lea Sherman, U.S. Senate+ been campaigning to oppose U.S. threats against Iran immigrants now. It says workers need a union to enforce James Harris, Governor+ Chauncey Robinson, Sec’y of State and to demand an end to Washington’s economic war safety. In order to defend the labor movement from Gerardo Sánchez, U.S. Cong., 8th CD on Cuba and to its course of aggression against Venezu- the offensive by the employers and their twin parties, Naomi Craine, U.S. Cong., 34th CD ela. They have championed independence for Puerto it calls for building a labor party, based on the unions, Michael Ortega, U.S. Cong., 35th CD David Arguello, U.S. Cong., 51st CD Rico from U.S. colonial rule. that fights in the interests of workers and farmers. Joel Britton, San Francisco Bd. of Educ.* These assaults, including the bloody Israeli war on The SWP candidates have also campaigned for the Lebanon that Washington openly backed, are part of political rights of all. The SWP campaign in Pennsylva- Florida Bernie Senter, U.S. Senate the U.S. rulers’ “long war.” This decades-long conflict nia set an outstanding example, successfully challeng- Omari Musa, Governor Margaret Trowe, U.S. Cong., 18th CD has barely begun. The imperialist rulers will attack ing the state’s “loyalty oath,” which required candidates Eric Simpson, U.S. Cong., 17th CD with particular ferocity those who refuse to bow to their for public office to swear they are not “subversives.” Ruth Robinett, Fl. State Rep. Dist. 109 dictates, like the working people of Cuba targeted for That victory for labor removed an obstacle to political making the first socialist revolution in the Americas. activity by candidates like those on the SWP ticket who Georgia William Arth, Governor Lisa Potash, Lt. Governor The imperialist wars abroad are an extension of the advocate revolutionary change: taking power from the Eleanor García, U.S. Cong., 5th CD attacks by the bosses at home on the wages, pensions, handful of capitalist families in the United States and health care, safety, and dignity of working people. establishing a workers and farmers government. Illinois Dennis Richter, Governor Vote SWP! And join socialist candidates and their Christian Castro, Lt. Governor The SWP platform starts by extending support to Laura Anderson, U.S. Cong., 7th CD struggles by workers to organize unions and mobilize supporters to continue fighting for the same program union power to defend working people from the bosses’ after November 7! Iowa Diana Newberry, Governor* Kevin Dwire, Lt. Governor* Frank Forrestal, Sec’y of Agriculture Washington tightens squeeze on north Korea Helen Meyers, U.S. Cong., 3rd CD* Massachusetts John Hawkins, Governor Continued from front page Some 4,500 people in Seoul protested Rice’s arrival, Laura Garza, U.S. Cong., 8th CD* in a way that it will really have teeth to it, and I think calling for the lifting of the sanctions against north we are on the right track.” Korea. Two days later, 10,000 protested U.S.–south Minnesota Rebecca Williamson, U.S. Senate Just prior to Rice’s arrival in Beijing, officials at Korean trade talks in Sogwipo, south Korea. Nelson Gonzalez, Governor Tom Baumann, Lt. Governor four Chinese commercial banks announced they had In the United States, Democratic Party politicians Tom Fiske, U.S. Cong., 4th CD stopped transactions with north Korea. China, north have been criticizing the Bush administration from Julian Santana, U.S. Cong., 5th CD Korea’s largest trading partner, provides 70 percent of the right on north Korea, and much of the middle-class left is following suit. The Communist Party-USA, for New Jersey Angela Lariscy, U.S. Senate* the DPRK’s food and fuel. Beijing began inspecting Brian Williams, U.S. Cong., 13th CD* north Korean cargo at its border October 16. example, has joined the Democrats in condemning the In south Korea the results were more mixed. “You DPRK and blaming Bush’s “failed policies” for “allow- New York Róger Calero, U.S. Senate* can’t exactly say she [Rice] got south Korea’s commit- ing” Pyongyang to pursue a nuclear program. Making Maura DeLuca, Governor* no mention of the U.S. nuclear-armed warships in the Ben O’Shaughnessy, Lt. Governor* ment on the Security Council resolution in the way she Martín Koppel, State Att’y General* would have sought it,” said Kim Sung-han of the south waters surrounding Korea, an editorial in the October Willie Cotton, State Comptroller* Korea–based Institute of Foreign Affairs and National 20 People’s Weekly World, which reflects the views of Nancy Boyasko, U.S. Cong., 11th CD the CPUSA, said Pyongyang’s test “inexcusably disre- Security. Seoul did not agree to give up joint economic gards the urgent need to banish nukes from the earth.” Pennsylvania Ved Dookhun, U.S. Senate ventures with the north, despite Washington’s pressures. Osborne Hart, Governor Revolutionary working-class organizations have Businessmen from north and south met in the northern Tony Lane, Lt. Governor taken a different stance. On October 22, Annalucia Cindy Jaquith, U.S. Cong., 14th CD border town of Gaesong October 20 to discuss moving Vermunt sent a message on behalf of the Young Social- John Staggs, Pa. State Rep. Dist. 198* ahead with a joint industrial park there. ists and Communist League in New Zealand to the Kim U.S. and south Korean military officials also held a Texas Amanda Ulman, U.S. Senate Il Sung Socialist Youth League, the youth organization Steve Warshell, Governor “Security Consultative Meeting” last weekend to discuss of the Workers’ Party of Korea. Anthony Dutrow, U.S. Cong., 18th CD the position of the 30,000 U.S. troops in south Korea and Vermunt outlined Wellington’s role in the U.S.-led Washington David Rosenfeld, U.S. Senate the command of troops at the “De-Militarized Zone” campaign against the DPRK, adding: “We stand with dividing Korea. The joint communiqué from the meet- you in your struggle for sovereignty.... Your stance for Wash., D.C. Sam Manuel, Mayor ing assured the “continuation of the extended deterrence a non-nuclear and reunified Korea is in the interests of María Sánchez, City Council Chair offered by the U.S. nuclear umbrella.” Under “extended all working people around the globe. We demand all Seth Dellinger, City Council At-Large Janice Lynn, House Delegate deterrence” U.S. forces can use nuclear weapons to New Zealand, U.S., and other governments withdraw counter claimed nuclear threats to south Korea. troops and weapons from the Korean peninsula.” *Confirmed on ballot +official write-in SWP candidate for San Francisco school board: ‘U.S. troops, arms out of Korea!’ BY GERARDO SANCHEZ to the U.S. military sponsored by the Parent Teachers Association (PTA) SAN FRANCISCO, October 18—Some 300 stu- and called for im- and attended by 100 people. dents at Lowell High School today heard Joel Brit- mediate pullout of At the PTA forum, Britton led off with an opening ton, the Socialist Workers Party candidate for school U.S. troops from statement that called for “No to sanctions and acts of board here, call for lifting the U.S.-crafted sanctions Iraq and Afghani- piracy” against Korea. He also rapped the recent denial the United Nations Security Council had imposed on stan and “U.S. of high school diplomas to tens of thousands of students north Korea four days earlier and for withdrawing all hands off Korea!” who could have qualified but failed new “exit exams.” U.S. troops and weapons from the Korean peninsula. None of the oth- He called for repealing the exit-exam law. Britton spoke as part of a panel of a dozen candidates er candidates ad- Other candidates commented on an “achievement running for the school board. dressed Washing- gap” between many Blacks and Latinos and other The U.S. wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and threats ton’s threats against students here. Kelly lamented “resegregation” of the against Korea and Iran, the socialist candidate said, north Korea. But in schools. Britton called for affirmative action measures are “an extension of the assaults on the living and job Militant/Robby Kopec responding to the to combat the racist discrimination faced by African- conditions of working people at home.” These attacks, Socialist Workers candidate for question on JROTC, American and immigrant youth. he said, “include cuts in education.” San Francisco school board Joel a range of views At these forums, and at one sponsored by the League Britton speaks at Balboa High of Women Voters October 3, Britton called for defeating Britton said SWP candidates “welcome the resis- School October 17. On right is were expressed. tance by working people that points toward a solution, James Calloway, a Democrat. Dan Kelly, a Proposition 85, a ballot measure that would amend the like the massive rallies to legalize all immigrants last Democrat and the state constitution to require parental notification and a spring. I marched on May 1 as I am sure some of you only incumbent running for another term, called for waiting period for minors seeking abortions. and members of your families did.” phasing out this pre-military training program. Jane Britton introduced students and others at these forums Most of the students who gathered for one morn- Kim, one of three Green Party candidates for school to the pamphlet The Working Class and the Transforma- ing class period in the school auditorium were Asian board, said she was opposed to the Iraq war and favored tion of Learning: The Fraud of Education Reform under American. Senior Diana Suen, who is of Chinese ending JROTC in high schools. Kim-Shree Maufas, Capitalism by SWP national secretary Jack Barnes. descent and represents Lowell on the school board’s Green Party–endorsed candidate who is also backed In the “Voter Information Pamphlet and Sample Bal- Student Advisory Council, chaired the event. by the African-American Democratic Club, said she lot” registered voters are receiving by mail, the SWP After the candidates gave one-minute opening re- supported her high school-age daughter belonging to candidate’s statement says in part: “The most important marks, Suen took questions from the students, allowing JROTC but opposed repeated efforts by the Army to education is that which prepares for the greatest battle 30 seconds for each answer. The first question was about recruit her. ahead, the battle of workers and farmers to throw off each candidate’s position on the Junior Reserve Officer The night before the forum at Lowell, Suen was part the negative self-image the rulers teach us, to recognize Training Corps (JROTC). of a panel of students who posed questions to the the that we are capable of taking power and organizing Britton said he was opposed to schools being tied school board candidates at a Balboa High School forum, society in our interests.”

The Militant November 6, 2006 9