Academia Arena 2017;9(13S)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
FY08 Technical Papers by GSMTPO Staff
AURA/NOAO ANNUAL REPORT FY 2008 Submitted to the National Science Foundation July 23, 2008 Revised as Complete and Submitted December 23, 2008 NGC 660, ~13 Mpc from the Earth, is a peculiar, polar ring galaxy that resulted from two galaxies colliding. It consists of a nearly edge-on disk and a strongly warped outer disk. Image Credit: T.A. Rector/University of Alaska, Anchorage NATIONAL OPTICAL ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY NOAO ANNUAL REPORT FY 2008 Submitted to the National Science Foundation December 23, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 1 1 SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS ..................................................................................... 2 1.1 Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory...................................................................................... 2 The Once and Future Supernova η Carinae...................................................................................................... 2 A Stellar Merger and a Missing White Dwarf.................................................................................................. 3 Imaging the COSMOS...................................................................................................................................... 3 The Hubble Constant from a Gravitational Lens.............................................................................................. 4 A New Dwarf Nova in the Period Gap............................................................................................................ -
Formation of Very Young Massive Clusters and Implications for Globular Clusters
Formation of Very Young Massive Clusters and implications for globular clusters Sambaran Banerjee and Pavel Kroupa To be published in The Origin of Stellar Clusters, ed. S. Stahler (Springer) Abstract How Very Young Massive star Clusters (VYMCs; also known as “star- 4 burst” clusters), which typically are of & 10 M and are a few Myr old, form out of Giant Molecular Clouds is still largely an open question. Increasingly detailed observations of young star clusters and star-forming molecular clouds and com- putational studies provide clues about their formation scenarios and the underly- ing physical processes involved. This chapter is focused on reviewing the decade- long studies that attempt to computationally reproduce the well-observed nearby VYMCs, such as the Orion Nebula Cluster, R136 and NGC 3603 young cluster, thereby shedding light on birth conditions of massive star clusters, in general. On this regard, focus is given on direct N-body modeling of real-sized massive star clusters, with a monolithic structure and undergoing residual gas expulsion, which have consistently reproduced the observed characteristics of several VYMCs and also of young star clusters, in general. The connection of these relatively simplified model calculations with the structural richness of dense molecular clouds and the complexity of hydrodynamic calculations of star cluster formation is presented in detail. Furthermore, the connections of such VYMCs with globular clusters, which are nearly as old as our Universe, is discussed. The chapter is concluded by address- ing long-term deeply gas-embedded (at least apparently) and substructured systems like W3 Main. While most of the results are quoted from existing and up-to-date lit- erature, in an integrated fashion, several new insights and discussions are provided. -
The AGB Stars of the Intermediate-Age LMC Cluster NGC 1846 Variability and Age Determination
A&A 475, 643–650 (2007) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20078395 & c ESO 2007 Astrophysics The AGB stars of the intermediate-age LMC cluster NGC 1846 Variability and age determination T. Lebzelter1 andP.R.Wood2 1 Institute of Astronomy, University of Vienna, Tuerkenschanzstrasse 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria e-mail: [email protected] 2 Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Australian National University, Weston Creek, ACT 2611, Australia Received 1 August 2007 / Accepted 18 September 2007 ABSTRACT Aims. We investigate variability and we model the pulsational behaviour of AGB variables in the intermediate-age LMC cluster NGC 1846. Methods. Our own photometric monitoring has been combined with data from the MACHO archive to detect 22 variables among the cluster’s AGB stars and to derive pulsation periods. According to the global parameters of the cluster we construct pulsation models taking into account the effect of the C/O ratio on the atmospheric structure. In particular, we have used opacities appropriate for both O-rich stars and carbon stars in the pulsation calculations. Results. The observed P-L-diagram of NGC 1846 can be fitted using a mass of the AGB stars of about 1.8 M. We show that the period of pulsation is increased when an AGB star turns into a carbon star. Using the mass on the AGB defined by the pulsational behaviour of our sample we derive a cluster age of 1.4 × 109 years. This is the first time the age of a cluster has been derived from the variability of its AGB stars. -
Annual Report 2017
Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België Observatoire royal de Belgique Royal Observatory of Belgium Jaarverslag 2017 Rapport Annuel 2017 Annual Report 2017 Cover illustration: Above: One billion star map of our galaxy created with the optical telescope of the satellite Gaia (Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC). Below: Three armillary spheres designed by Jérôme de Lalande in 1775. Left: the spherical sphere; in the centre: the geocentric model of our solar system (with the Earth in the centre); right: the heliocentric model of our solar system (with the Sun in the centre). Royal Observatory of Belgium - Annual Report 2017 2 De activiteiten beschreven in dit verslag werden ondersteund door Les activités décrites dans ce rapport ont été soutenues par The activities described in this report were supported by De POD Wetenschapsbeleid De Nationale Loterij Le SPP Politique Scientifique La Loterie Nationale The Belgian Science Policy The National Lottery Het Europees Ruimtevaartagentschap De Europese Gemeenschap L’Agence Spatiale Européenne La Communauté Européenne The European Space Agency The European Community Het Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Le Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Vlaanderen Royal Observatory of Belgium - Annual Report 2017 3 Table of contents Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 6 Reference Systems and Planetology ...................................................................................................... -
197 6Apjs. . .30. .451H the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 30:451-490, 1976 April © 1976. the American Astronomical S
.451H The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 30:451-490, 1976 April .30. © 1976. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. 6ApJS. 197 EVOLVED STARS IN OPEN CLUSTERS Gretchen L. H. Harris* David Dunlap Observatory, Richmond Hill, Ontario Received 1974 September 16; revised 1975 June 18 ABSTRACT Radial-velocity observations and MK classifications have been used to study evolved stars in 25 open clusters. Published data on stars in 72 additional clusters are rediscussed and com- bined with the observations friade in this investigation to yield positions in the Hertzsprung- Russell diagram for 559 evolved stars in 97 clusters. Ages for the parent clusters were estimated from the main-sequence turnoff points, earliest spectral types, and bluest stars in the clusters themselves. The evolved stars were sorted into six age groups ranging from 4 x 106 yr to 4 x 108 yr, and the composite H-R diagram for each age group was then used to study the evolutionary tracks for stars of various masses. The observational results were found to be in reasonably good agreement with recent theoretical computations. The composite color-magnitude diagrams were found to be strikingly different from those of the rich open clusters in the Magellanic Clouds. At a given age the red giants in the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Large Magellanic Cloud clusters are brighter and bluer than their galactic counterparts. It is suggested that these effects may be accounted for by differences in metal abundance. Subject headings: clusters: open — galaxies: Magellanic Clouds — radial velocities — stars : evolution — stars : late-type — stars : spectral classification 1. -
Cfa in the News ~ Week Ending 3 January 2010
Wolbach Library: CfA in the News ~ Week ending 3 January 2010 1. New social science research from G. Sonnert and co-researchers described, Science Letter, p40, Tuesday, January 5, 2010 2. 2009 in science and medicine, ROGER SCHLUETER, Belleville News Democrat (IL), Sunday, January 3, 2010 3. 'Science, celestial bodies have always inspired humankind', Staff Correspondent, Hindu (India), Tuesday, December 29, 2009 4. Why is Carpenter defending scientists?, The Morning Call, Morning Call (Allentown, PA), FIRST ed, pA25, Sunday, December 27, 2009 5. CORRECTIONS, OPINION BY RYAN FINLEY, ARIZONA DAILY STAR, Arizona Daily Star (AZ), FINAL ed, pA2, Saturday, December 19, 2009 6. We see a 'Super-Earth', TOM BEAL; TOM BEAL, ARIZONA DAILY STAR, Arizona Daily Star, (AZ), FINAL ed, pA1, Thursday, December 17, 2009 Record - 1 DIALOG(R) New social science research from G. Sonnert and co-researchers described, Science Letter, p40, Tuesday, January 5, 2010 TEXT: "In this paper we report on testing the 'rolen model' and 'opportunity-structure' hypotheses about the parents whom scientists mentioned as career influencers. According to the role-model hypothesis, the gender match between scientist and influencer is paramount (for example, women scientists would disproportionately often mention their mothers as career influencers)," scientists writing in the journal Social Studies of Science report (see also ). "According to the opportunity-structure hypothesis, the parent's educational level predicts his/her probability of being mentioned as a career influencer (that ism parents with higher educational levels would be more likely to be named). The examination of a sample of American scientists who had received prestigious postdoctoral fellowships resulted in rejecting the role-model hypothesis and corroborating the opportunity-structure hypothesis. -
A Double Main Sequence Turn-Off in the Rich Star Cluster NGC 1846 In
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–9 (2007) Printed 4 December 2018 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) A double main sequence turn-off in the rich star cluster NGC 1846 in the Large Magellanic Cloud A. D. Mackey1 and P. Broby Nielsen1 1Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK Draft version 4 December 2018 ABSTRACT We report on HST/ACS photometry of the rich intermediate-age star cluster NGC 1846 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, which clearly reveals the presence of a dou- ble main sequence turn-off in this object. Despite this, the main sequence, sub-giant branch, and red giant branch are all narrow and well-defined, and the red clump is compact. We examine the spatial distribution of turn-off stars and demonstrate that all belong to NGC 1846 rather than to any field star population. In addition, the spatial distributions of the two sets of turn-off stars may exhibit different central con- centrations and some asymmetries. By fitting isochrones, we show that the properties of the colour-magnitude diagram can be explained if there are two stellar populations of equivalent metal abundance in NGC 1846, differing in age by ≈ 300 Myr. The ab- solute ages of the two populations are ∼ 1.9 and ∼ 2.2 Gyr, although there may be a systematic error of up to ±0.4 Gyr in these values. The metal abundance inferred from isochrone fitting is [M/H] ≈−0.40, consistent with spectroscopic measurements of [Fe/H]. We propose that the observed properties of NGC 1846 can be explained if this object originated via the tidal capture of two star clusters formed separately in a star cluster group in a single giant molecular cloud. -
Carbon Stars T. Lloyd Evans
J. Astrophys. Astr. (2010) 31, 177–211 Carbon Stars T. Lloyd Evans SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK. e-mail: [email protected] Received 2010 July 19; accepted 2010 October 18 Abstract. In this paper, the present state of knowledge of the carbon stars is discussed. Particular attention is given to issues of classification, evolution, variability, populations in our own and other galaxies, and circumstellar material. Key words. Stars: carbon—stars: evolution—stars: circumstellar matter —galaxies: magellanic clouds. 1. Introduction Carbon stars have been reviewed on several previous occasions, most recently by Wallerstein & Knapp (1998). A conference devoted to this topic was held in 1996 (Wing 2000) and two meetings on AGB stars (Le Bertre et al. 1999; Kerschbaum et al. 2007) also contain much on carbon stars. This review emphasizes develop- ments since 1997, while paying particular attention to connections with earlier work and to some of the important sources of concepts. Recent and ongoing develop- ments include surveys for carbon stars in more of the galaxies of the local group and detailed spectroscopy and infrared photometry for many of them, as well as general surveys such as 2MASS, AKARI and the Sirius near infrared survey of the Magel- lanic Clouds and several dwarf galaxies, the Spitzer-SAGE mid-infrared survey of the Magellanic Clouds and the current Herschel infrared satellite project. Detailed studies of relatively bright galactic examples continue to be made by high-resolution spectroscopy, concentrating on abundance determinations using the red spectral region, and infrared and radio observations which give information on the history of mass loss. -
Atlas Menor Was Objects to Slowly Change Over Time
C h a r t Atlas Charts s O b by j Objects e c t Constellation s Objects by Number 64 Objects by Type 71 Objects by Name 76 Messier Objects 78 Caldwell Objects 81 Orion & Stars by Name 84 Lepus, circa , Brightest Stars 86 1720 , Closest Stars 87 Mythology 88 Bimonthly Sky Charts 92 Meteor Showers 105 Sun, Moon and Planets 106 Observing Considerations 113 Expanded Glossary 115 Th e 88 Constellations, plus 126 Chart Reference BACK PAGE Introduction he night sky was charted by western civilization a few thou - N 1,370 deep sky objects and 360 double stars (two stars—one sands years ago to bring order to the random splatter of stars, often orbits the other) plotted with observing information for T and in the hopes, as a piece of the puzzle, to help “understand” every object. the forces of nature. The stars and their constellations were imbued with N Inclusion of many “famous” celestial objects, even though the beliefs of those times, which have become mythology. they are beyond the reach of a 6 to 8-inch diameter telescope. The oldest known celestial atlas is in the book, Almagest , by N Expanded glossary to define and/or explain terms and Claudius Ptolemy, a Greco-Egyptian with Roman citizenship who lived concepts. in Alexandria from 90 to 160 AD. The Almagest is the earliest surviving astronomical treatise—a 600-page tome. The star charts are in tabular N Black stars on a white background, a preferred format for star form, by constellation, and the locations of the stars are described by charts. -
Arxiv:2006.10868V2 [Astro-Ph.SR] 9 Apr 2021 Spain and Institut D’Estudis Espacials De Catalunya (IEEC), C/Gran Capit`A2-4, E-08034 2 Serenelli, Weiss, Aerts Et Al
Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Weighing stars from birth to death: mass determination methods across the HRD Aldo Serenelli · Achim Weiss · Conny Aerts · George C. Angelou · David Baroch · Nate Bastian · Paul G. Beck · Maria Bergemann · Joachim M. Bestenlehner · Ian Czekala · Nancy Elias-Rosa · Ana Escorza · Vincent Van Eylen · Diane K. Feuillet · Davide Gandolfi · Mark Gieles · L´eoGirardi · Yveline Lebreton · Nicolas Lodieu · Marie Martig · Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami · Joey S.G. Mombarg · Juan Carlos Morales · Andr´esMoya · Benard Nsamba · KreˇsimirPavlovski · May G. Pedersen · Ignasi Ribas · Fabian R.N. Schneider · Victor Silva Aguirre · Keivan G. Stassun · Eline Tolstoy · Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay · Konstanze Zwintz Received: date / Accepted: date A. Serenelli Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Carrer de Can Magrans S/N, Bellaterra, E- 08193, Spain and Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capita 2, Barcelona, E-08034, Spain E-mail: [email protected] A. Weiss Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, Garching bei M¨unchen, D-85741, Germany C. Aerts Institute of Astronomy, Department of Physics & Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium and Department of Astrophysics, IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands G.C. Angelou Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, Garching bei M¨unchen, D-85741, Germany D. Baroch J. C. Morales I. Ribas Institute of· Space Sciences· (ICE, CSIC), Carrer de Can Magrans S/N, Bellaterra, E-08193, arXiv:2006.10868v2 [astro-ph.SR] 9 Apr 2021 Spain and Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), C/Gran Capit`a2-4, E-08034 2 Serenelli, Weiss, Aerts et al. -
THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS NEWSLETTER an Electronic Publication Dedicated to the Magellanic Clouds, and Astrophysical Phenomena Therein
THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS NEWSLETTER An electronic publication dedicated to the Magellanic Clouds, and astrophysical phenomena therein No. 141 — 1 June 2016 http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/MCnews Editor: Jacco van Loon Editorial Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to present you the 141st issue of the Magellanic Clouds Newsletter. There is a lot of interest in massive stars, star clusters, supernova remnants and binaries, but also several exciting new results about the large-scale structure of the Magellanic Clouds System. The next issue is planned to be distributed on the 1st of August 2016. Editorially Yours, Jacco van Loon 1 Refereed Journal Papers Non-radial pulsation in first overtone Cepheids of the Small Magellanic Cloud R. Smolec1 and M. Sniegowska´ 2 1Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw, Poland 2Warsaw University Observatory, Warsaw, Poland We analyse photometry for 138 first overtone Cepheids from the Small Magellanic Cloud, in which Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment team discovered additional variability with period shorter than first overtone period, and period ratios in the (0.60,0.65) range. In the Petersen diagram, these stars form three well-separated sequences. The additional variability cannot correspond to other radial mode. This form of pulsation is still puzzling. We find that amplitude of the additional variability is small, typically 2–4 per cent of the first overtone amplitude, which corresponds to 2–5 mmag. In some stars, we find simultaneously two close periodicities corresponding to two sequences in the Petersen diagram. The most important finding is the detection of power excess at half the frequency of the additional variability (at subharmonic) in 35 per cent of the analysed stars. -
Astro-Ph/0605646
On the Iron content of NGC 1978 in the LMC: a metal rich, chemically homogeneous cluster1 Francesco R. Ferraro2, Alessio Mucciarelli2, Eugenio Carretta 3, Livia Origlia3 ABSTRACT We present a detailed abundance analysis of giant stars in NGC 1978, a mas- sive, intermediate-age stellar cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud, characterized by a high ellipticity and suspected to have a metallicity spread. We analyzed 11 giants, all cluster members, by using high resolution spectra acquired with the UVES/FLAMES spectrograph at the ESO-Very Large Telescope. We find an iron content of [Fe/H]=-0.38 dex with very low σ[Fe/H] = 0.07 dex dispersion, and a mean heliocentric radial velocity vr = 293.1 ± 0.9 km/s and a velocity dispersion σvr = 3.1 km/s, thus excluding the presence of a significant metallicity, as well as velocity, spread within the cluster. Subject headings: Magellanic Clouds — globular clusters: individual (NGC 1978) — techniques: spectroscopic — stars:abundances 1. Introduction The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is the nearest galaxy of the Local Group with a very populous system of Globular Clusters (GCs) that cover a wide range of metallicity and age. arXiv:astro-ph/0605646v1 25 May 2006 At least three main populations can be distinguished, namely an old population, coeval with the Galactic GC system, an intermediate population (1-3 Gyr) and a young one (< 1Gyr). Despite its importance, there is still a lack of systematic and homogeneous works aimed at determining the accurate chemical abundances and abundance patterns of the LMC GC system. Starting from the first compilation of metallicity by Sagar & Pandey (1989), the 1Based on observations collected at the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), Cerro Paranal, Chile, under programme 072.D-0342 and 074.D-0369.