White House Photographs October 18, 1976
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Copyright by Paul Harold Rubinson 2008
Copyright by Paul Harold Rubinson 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Paul Harold Rubinson certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Containing Science: The U.S. National Security State and Scientists’ Challenge to Nuclear Weapons during the Cold War Committee: —————————————————— Mark A. Lawrence, Supervisor —————————————————— Francis J. Gavin —————————————————— Bruce J. Hunt —————————————————— David M. Oshinsky —————————————————— Michael B. Stoff Containing Science: The U.S. National Security State and Scientists’ Challenge to Nuclear Weapons during the Cold War by Paul Harold Rubinson, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August 2008 Acknowledgements Thanks first and foremost to Mark Lawrence for his guidance, support, and enthusiasm throughout this project. It would be impossible to overstate how essential his insight and mentoring have been to this dissertation and my career in general. Just as important has been his camaraderie, which made the researching and writing of this dissertation infinitely more rewarding. Thanks as well to Bruce Hunt for his support. Especially helpful was his incisive feedback, which both encouraged me to think through my ideas more thoroughly, and reined me in when my writing overshot my argument. I offer my sincerest gratitude to the Smith Richardson Foundation and Yale University International Security Studies for the Predoctoral Fellowship that allowed me to do the bulk of the writing of this dissertation. Thanks also to the Brady-Johnson Program in Grand Strategy at Yale University, and John Gaddis and the incomparable Ann Carter-Drier at ISS. -
Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 17
Memorial Tributes: Volume 17 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 17 EDWARD A. MASON 1924–2010 Elected in 1975 “For contributions to research on fluidized solids, organic-cooled reactors and power system optimization and leadership in complex nuclear projects.” BY NEIL TODREAS EDWARD A. MASON, a leader in chemical engineering and nuclear power technology and practice, died on June 23, 2010. Ed was both versatile and accomplished in his career. He sequentially served as the director of research for a startup chemical company, Ionics, Inc.; professor and head of the Department of Nuclear Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); member of the five-man commission directing the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission; corporate vice president for research of the Amoco Corporation; and director of several small high-technology companies as well as Commonwealth Edison, a large electric utility. He was born on August 9, 1924, in Rochester, New York. After graduation from high school he enlisted in the US Navy and served for three years. A superior and hardworking student who had to finance his own education, he received the Rochester Prize and New York State Regents fellowships, enabling him to complete his undergraduate degree in chemical engineering at the University of Rochester in June 1945. With teaching and research assistantships he went on to complete an SM in chemical engineering practice in 1948 and an ScD in chemical engineering in 1950, both at MIT. 197 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 17 198 MEMORIAL TRIBUTES In June 1950 he started his academic career as an assistant professor of chemical engineering at MIT, with his first assignment as director for two years of the MIT Chemical Engineering Practice Station in Bangor, Maine. -
Memorial Tributes: Volume 15
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/13160 SHARE Memorial Tributes: Volume 15 DETAILS 444 pages | 6 x 9 | HARDBACK ISBN 978-0-309-21306-6 | DOI 10.17226/13160 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK National Academy of Engineering FIND RELATED TITLES Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 15 Memorial Tributes NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 15 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 15 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Memorial Tributes Volume 15 THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. 2011 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Memorial Tributes: Volume 15 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-21306-6 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-21306-1 Additional copies of this publication are available from: The National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Lockbox 285 Washington, D.C. 20055 800–624–6242 or 202–334–3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area) http://www.nap.edu Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. -
AVAILABLE from Atomic Fuel, Understanding the Atom
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 107 517 SE 019 206 AUTHOR Hogerton, John F. TITLE Atomic Fuel, Understanding the Atom Series. Revised. INSTITUTION Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge, Tenn. Div. of Technical Information. PUB DATE 64 NOTE 46p. AVAILABLE FROMUSAEC Technical Information Center, P. 0. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 EDP.S PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$1.95 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Economics; *Energy; *Fuels; Natural Resources; *Nuclear Physics; Pollution; Production Techniques; Padiation; Radioisotopes; Scientific Research; Utilities; Waste Disposal; Wastes IDENTIFIERS AEC; Atomic Energy Commission; *Nuclear Energy; Power Plants ABSTRACT This publication is part of the "Understanding the Atom" series. Complete sets of the seriesare available free to teachers, schools, and public librarians whocan make them available for reference or use by groups. Among the topics discussedare: What Atomic Fuel Is; The Odyssey of Uranium; Production of Uranium; Fabrication of Reactor Fuel Elements; Processing ofSpent Fuel; The Cost of Atomic Fuel; Atomic Fuel as an Energy Resource; and Atomic Fuel Utilization. A listing of books, reports, articles and motion pictures related to atomic fuels is included.(BT) U S DE PAR THE NT OF NEAT Th EoucA,00ra a WELFARE Wai-6473 NATIONAL INSTITUTE DT EDUCATION , - t fttA T.f f tt T ^,S , - , s- . .f P VrY 't ( Et f T PLrf .)"j4f.;\ViTr.4*"" TA.; 'A,Z 7.Pt a ospItce ray - 4.4=--, This is made available by ERDA United States Energy Research 0 and Development Administration rt Technical Information Center Oak Ridge. TN 37830 O The Understanding the Atom Series Nuclear energy is playing d vital role in the life of every man, woman, and child in the United States today. -
Gerald R. Ford Administration White House Press Releases
Digitized from Box 17 of the White House Press Releases at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE NOVEMBER 12, 1975 Office of the White House Press Secretary ----------------------------------------------------------------- THE WHITE HOUSE FACT SHEET ADVISORY GROUPS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY The President is today announcing the establishment of two new advisory groups concerned with science and technology. One group will be concerned with contributions of technology to economic strength; the other with anticipated advances in science and technology. Background On June 9, 1975, the President sent legislation to the Congress proposing the establishment of an Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) in the Executive Office of the President. On November 6, the House of Representatives passed legislation (H.R. 10230) to create the OSTP. Three Senate Committees are now working on similar legislation and are expected to complete action soon. To facilitate planning for the activities of the OSTP, the President directed the Vice President, working with Science Adviser, H. Guyford Stever, to bring together two groups to experts on two major areas that will be important to the new Office in providing advice on sCientific and technical aspects of issues and policies that must be addressed at the highest level of the Government. Functions and Membership of The Two Advisory Groups Both groups will be made up of experts from the academic community, industry, government and other organizations who can provide advice on the wise use of science and technology in achieving important national objectives. 1. Contribution 9f Technology ~~ Economic Strength. This group will examine issues and opportunities involving the improved utilization of technology in fostering economic strength and in assuring that economic goals are achieved along with environmental goals. -
National Medal of Science Presentation” of the James M
The original documents are located in Box 62, folder “1976/10/18 - National Medal of Science Presentation” of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 62 of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 16, 1976 PRESENTATION OF NATIONAL MEDAL OF SCIENCE Monday, October 18, 1976 11:50 a.m. (35 mins) Blue Room & East Room From: Jim Cannon~~ I. PURPOSE To present the National Medal of Science to the fifteen 1975 recipients, one posthumously. II. BACKGROUND A. Background - The National Medal of Science is the Nation's highest award for distinguished achievements in science, mathematics and engineering development. - It was established by the 86th Congress in 1959 to be awarded to individuals deserving of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to knowledge in the physical, biological, mathematical, or engineering sciences. Since 1962 the medal has been awarded to 102 distinguished scientists and engineers. -
CHEMICAL HERITAGE FOUNDATION MANSON BENEDICT Transcript Of
CHEMICAL HERITAGE FOUNDATION MANSON BENEDICT Transcript of an Interview Conducted by James J. Bohning at Naples, Florida on 24 January 1991 (With Subsequent Additions and Corrections) This interview has been designated as Free Access. One may view, quote from, cite, or reproduce the oral history with the permission of CHF. Please note: Users citing this interview for purposes of publication are obliged under the terms of the Chemical Heritage Foundation Oral History Program to credit CHF using the format below: Manson Benedict, interview by James J. Bohning at Naples, Florida, 24 January 1991 (Philadelphia: Chemical Heritage Foundation, Oral History Transcript # 0088). Chemical Heritage Foundation Oral History Program 315 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106 The Chemical Heritage Foundation (CHF) serves the community of the chemical and molecular sciences, and the wider public, by treasuring the past, educating the present, and inspiring the future. CHF maintains a world-class collection of materials that document the history and heritage of the chemical and molecular sciences, technologies, and industries; encourages research in CHF collections; and carries out a program of outreach and interpretation in order to advance an understanding of the role of the chemical and molecular sciences, technologies, and industries in shaping society. MANSON BENEDICT 1907 Born in Lake Linden, Michigan on 9 October Education 1928 B. Chem., Cornell University 1930-1931 University of Chicago 1932 M.S., physical chemistry, MIT 1935 Ph.D., physical chemistry, MIT Professional Experience 1929-1930 Research Chemist, National Aniline and Chemical Co. 1935-1936 National Research Council Fellow, Harvard University 1936-1937 Research Associate in Geophysics, Harvard University 1937-1938 Research Chemist, National Aniline and Chemical Co. -
Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize
2011 –2012 CALL FOR NOMINATIONS DRAPER ◆ RUSS GORDON ◆ FOUNDERS ◆ BUECHE NAE AWARDS Charles Stark Draper Prize Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize Bernard M. Gordon Prize Founders Award Arthur M. Bueche Award The National Academy of Engineering . Recognizing the Engineers Behind the Achievements The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) serves the riculum vitae of no more than two pages per candidate. United States government and the engineering community Though not required, you may also choose to submit the by advising on technology issues that impact society. candidate’s bibliographical listing of no more than two Each year the NAE salutes leaders in engineering for their pages. lifetime dedication to their field and their commitment to The nominator is responsible for soliciting supporting letters advancing the human condition through great engineering and ensuring that the letters are submitted to the NAE by the achievement and/or through innovation in engineering submission deadline. Supporting letters may be addressed to and technology education. The NAE dedicates more than the nominator or selection committee chair and forwarded $1 million annually to recognize these leaders and to bring to the NAE Awards Office. Note: Nominations without better understanding of the importance of engineering and supporting letters will not be considered. Supporting let- engineering education to society. ters may accompany the nomination cover form or may be The NAE currently presents five awards for engineering sent separately, however all components of the nomination achievement and innovation—the Charles Stark Draper must be received by April 1, 2011. Prize, the Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize, the Bernard Highly competitive nominations from previous years will M. -
Fall 2010 • MIT Course X News • Web.Mit.Edu/Cheme
FAll 2010 • MIT Course x newS • Web.mit.Edu/cheme/ XCurrentsMIT Chemical ENgineering Alumni NEwS Alumni and faculty mix at the May 14 symposium to honor Professor Emeritus Ed Merrill (Page 27) Letter from Department Head Klavs F. Jensen HigHligHts As a new school year begins, I am happy for this opportunity to share with you some of the latest developments in the MIT Chemical Engi- News from the Head 1 neering Department, as well as some things that our alumni are doing outside the MIT campus. This was one of our pri- Practice School News 4 orities when we redesigned our Alumni News in the fall of 2009: we want to help create a dialogue with and among Faculty News 10 our Course X alumni. I am grateful for the positive response we’ve gotten, and based on your feedback, we’ve added more alumni highlights and expanded the research news Research News 12 from our faculty. We hope you enjoy it! Alumni News 28 During the 2009-2010 academic year, the Department continued to excel, and re- tained its number-one ranking in the US News and World Report listing of top un- Fall Event Schedule 36 dergraduate and graduate programs; we have now held the first place position in chemical engineering for the past 21 years. Sponsored research volume increased find the latest news online: significantly once again for our faculty, rising from last year’s $41.2 million to a total of $50.4 million over the past year, representing a 22% increase. This is due web.mit.edu/cheme/ in no small part by the gracious support by our alumni and friends of the Depart- ment throughout the year, of which our faculty and students are very grateful. -
Affidavit Re Environ Qualification & Aging of Safety-Related Electrical
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICENSING BOARD In the Matter,0f: PACIFIC GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY Docket Nos. 50-275 O.L. (Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power 50-323 O.L. Plant Units I and 2) AFFIDAVIT OF THOMAS G. DUNNING I, Thomas G. Dunning, being duly sworn, do depose and state: l. I am employed as a Section Leader by the Instrumentation and Control Systems Branch (ICSB), Division of Systems Integration, Office of Nuclear Regulation, USNRC. A complete description of my professional qualifications is attached to this affidavit. 2. The purpose of re affidavit is to address factual matters raised 'by Joint Intervenors motion to reopen the record in the above captioned proceeding and the "Affidavitof Mr. Richard Burton Hubbard" (February 28, 1980) with respect to environmental qualification and aging of safety-related electrical equipment. 3. The affidavit of Mr. Hubbard states, among other things that: "... new factors pertinent to the Diablo Canyon Station (with respect to NUREG-0588 For Comment) ... demonstrate the need for additional review of environmental qualification of the safety-related structures, systems, and components. My affidavit demonstrates that the information on the qualification program for safety-related items should include (a) an identification of all Diablo Canyon Class I safety-related equipment and (b) an evaluation of aging effects on the qualification of all Diablo Canyon Class I safety-related equipment." (Affidavit, at 3). "... lists of Category I structures, systems, and components provided to assure (a) the integrity of the reactor coolant boundary, and (b) the capability to shut down the reactor and maintain it in a safety condition are general and are not sufficiently complete for purposes of documenting equipment qualification parameters. -
Enriching Uranium Two Centuries Ago This Year, Martin Scarce Then) Or Molybdenum, and Was Also Canadian-Born Physicist Arthur J
HISTORICAL NOTE Enriching Uranium Two centuries ago this year, Martin scarce then) or molybdenum, and was also Canadian-born physicist Arthur J. Heinrich Klaproth discovered the element used in some ceramics. In its natural com Dempster-is the best candidate for fission uranium while investigating the bluish pounds, uranium had been used for nearly work. Unfortunately, Zl5U is only 0.7% of black mineral pitchblende (uraninite) 2000 years as a coloring agent in the manu natural uranium; so, if the process of fis found in Saxony. facture of glasses and glazes-glass dating sion in uranium was to be put to any practi Mineralogists in the late 1700s tended to from 79 A.D. contains uranium oxide. Ura cal use, some way had to be found to classify pitchblende as an ore of zinc, but nium compounds were also used as a dye enrich the concentration of Zl5U. when Klaproth processed the pitchblende or stain in the leather and wood industries, In 1942, at the height of World War II, Dr. he discovered specks of a black substance, yielding colors from a pale yellow to a Vannevar Bush, head of the Carnegie Insti a new metal that he called "uranit:' The bright green. The main interest in process tution in Washington, DC, advised U.S. following year he renamed his new ele ing pitchblende ore then was to extract the President Franklin Roosevelt about the ment "uranium;' in honor of the new accompanying radium, which was consid possibilities of enormous energy to be re planet Uranus, discovered by Sir William ered much more valuable. -
17090 NAE Bridge Spr 01
The BRIDGE National Academy of Engineering George M. C. Fisher, Chair Wm. A. Wulf, President Sheila E. Widnall, Vice President W. Dale Compton, Home Secretary Harold K. Forsen, Foreign Secretary Paul E. Gray, Treasurer Editor-in-Chief George Bugliarello (Interim) The Bridge (USPS 551-240) is published quarterly by the National Academy of Engineering, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418. Periodicals postage paid at Washington, D.C. Vol. 31, No. 1, Spring 2001 Editor: Greg Pearson (Interim) Production Assistants: Penelope Gibbs, Kimberly West Postmaster—Send address changes to The Bridge, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418. Papers are presented in The Bridge on the basis of general interest and timeliness in connection with issues associated with engineering. They reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the National Academy of Engineering. The Bridge is printed on recycled paper. © 2001 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. A complete copy of each issue of The Bridge is available online at http://www.nae.edu/TheBridge in PDF format. Some of the arti- cles in this issue are also available as HTML documents and may contain links to related sources of information, multimedia files, or other content. The VOLUME 31, NUMBER 1 SPRING 2001 BRIDGE Editorial 3 3 Brad Allenby Earth Systems Engineering Features 5 5 George Bugliarello Rethinking Urbanization Balancing the biological, social, and machine elements of modern cities will be key to creating environmentally sustainable, emotionally satisfying urban centers of the future. 13 Robert M. White Climate Systems Engineering Forestalling the projected adverse effects of climate change presents an immense and complex challenge to the engineering profession.