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Kvartalikiri 2-11 EESTI STATISTIKA 1921–2011 Statistika ajaloost meil ja mujal Kinnisvaraturg muutuste keerises Tööturg majanduskriisi teises pooles Transiidi tõusud ja mõõnad Eesti SKP-arvutus ja Euroopa nõuded Eesti Statistika Kvartalikiri 2/2011 QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF STATISTICS ESTONIA EESTI STATISTIKA STATISTICS ESTONIA Eesti Statistika Kvartalikiri 2/2011 QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF STATISTICS ESTONIA TALLINN 2011 MÄRKIDE SELETUS EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS X andmete avaldamist ei võimalda andmekaitse põhimõte data are confidential - nähtust ei esinenud magnitude nil … andmeid ei ole saadud või need on avaldamiseks ebakindlad data not available or too uncertain for publication .. mõiste pole rakendatav category not applicable M/M Mehed Males N/F Naised Females Toimetuskolleegium/Editorial Council: Riina Kerner, Siim Krusell, Mihkel Servinski, Mari Soiela, Raul Veede Toimetanud Raul Veede Inglise keel: Elina Härsing, Heli Taaraste Kaanekujundus ja makett: Maris Valk Küljendus: Uku Nurges Edited by Raul Veede English by Elina Härsing, Heli Taaraste Cover and design by Maris Valk Layout by Uku Nurges Kirjastanud Statistikaamet, Endla 15, 15174 Tallinn Trükkinud Ofset OÜ, Paldiski mnt 25, 10612 Tallinn Juuni 2011 Published by Statistics Estonia, 15 Endla Str, 15174 Tallinn Printed by Ofset Ltd, 25 Paldiski Rd, 10612 Tallinn June 2011 ISSN-L 1736-7921 ISSN 1736-7921 Autoriõigus/Copyright: Statistikaamet, 2011 Väljaande andmete kasutamisel või tsiteerimisel palume viidata allikale When using or quoting the data included in this issue, please indicate the source SISUKORD CONTENTS SISUKORD Uudisnoppeid statistika vallast 4 I Statistika ajaloost 6 Ene-Margit Tiit II Eesti kinnisvaraturg muutuste keerises 57 Olga Smirnova III Tööturg majanduskriisi teises pooles 65 Yngve Rosenblad IV Transiitkaupade veost möödunud dekaadil 91 Piret Pukk V Pakkumise ja kasutamise tabelid eelmise aasta hindades 113 Iljen Dedegkajeva Põhinäitajad 124 Eesti, Läti ja Leedu võrdlusandmed 132 CONTENTS News picks from the field of statistics 5 I About the history of statistics 32 Ene-Margit Tiit II Estonian real estate market in a whirl of changes, 2006–2010 62 Olga Smirnova III Labour market in the second half of the economic crisis 81 Yngve Rosenblad IV Goods in transit over the last decade 104 Piret Pukk V Supply and use tables at the previous year’s prices 119 Iljen Dedegkajeva Main indicators 124 Comparative data of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 132 EESTI STATISTIKA KVARTALIKIRI. 2/11. QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF STATISTICS ESTONIA 3 UUDISNOPPEID STATISTIKA VALLAST NEWS PICKS FROM THE FIELD OF STATISTICS UUDISNOPPEID STATISTIKA VALLAST Aavo Heinlo Statistikaamet Nopete allikas on värskemad Eurostati pressiteated (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/publications/collections/news_releases) ning Eurostati väljaanded sarjast „Statistics in focus“ (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/publications/collections/sif_dif/sif). Sotsiaalkaitsekulutuste kasv tagaks tervema elu Tuleks loota, et kvartalikirja lugejate hulgas ei ole rohkelt pensionäre, sest neile häid uudiseid ei ole. 65-aastastel naistel Eestis on keskmiselt elada jäänud 19,2 ja meestel 14,0 aastat. Need 2009. aasta andmed ei erinegi oluliselt, vähemalt naiste osas, ühe Euroopa Liidu liidri — Rootsi — omadest, kus see näitaja oli naiste jaoks 21,2 ja meeste jaoks 18,2 aastat. Suur erinevus on aga elada jäänud aastate kvaliteedis. Tervena elada jäänud aastate arv oli 2008. aasta andmetel 65-aastastel rootslastel 14 aastat ehk kaks kolmandikku elada jäänud aastatest, samavanustel eestlastel aga vaid 5 aastat ehk umbes kolmandik. Sama lühikest oodatavat tervet elu mõõdeti 65-aastastele ka Lätis, Ungaris ja Portugalis, kuid Eestist madalam näitaja — 3 aastat — oli kirjas ainult Slovakkial. Tahtmatult tekib huvi otsida seoseid sellise näitajaga nagu sotsiaalkaitsekulutuste suhe SKP-sse. Tõepoolest ulatus see Rootsis 2008. aastal 29%-ni, Euroopa Liidu keskmine oli pisut madalam — 26%, kuid Slovakkias vaid 16% ja Eestis 15%. Jällegi jäid Eestist tahapoole vaid kaks riiki: Rumeenia 14% ja Läti 13%-ga. Eestis üksikemasid ja -isasid rohkem kui mujal EL-is Euroopa Liidu 200 miljonist leibkonnast moodustasid 2009. aastal üksikemad 3,7% ja üksikisad 0,5%. Nendes leibkondades elas üksikvanema kõrval vaid laps või lapsed, kelle vanus võis ulatuda 24 aastani tingimusel, et nad ei olnud majanduslikult iseseisvad. Eestis oli selliste leibkondade osatähtsus kaks korda kõrgem, üksikemade osas koguni kõrgeim EL-is — 7,0%. Ka üksikisade osatähtsus — 0,9% — kuulus kõrgeimate hulka, vaid Leedu 1,0% ületas seda. Madalaimad olid need näitajad õigeusklikus Kreekas ja üllatuslikult ka naabritel Soomes, siis vastavalt soo järgi 1,5% ja 0,2%. Kui Eesti kõrgeid näitajaid prooviks seletada meie naiste iseteadlikkusega, siis mis on lahe taga teisiti? Veosekäive raudteel stabiilne, maanteel miinuses Kui võrrelda raudteetranspordi 2009. aasta veosekäivet aasta varasemaga, siis oli Eesti EL-i liikmesriikidest ainus, kes suutis taseme säilitada (ja isegi saavutas 0,1% juurdekasvu). Samal ajal mõõdeti EL-is tervikuna 17,4% veosekäive langus. Nii hästi ei kulgenud aga kaubavedu maanteedel, kus EL-i 10,1% languse kõrvale mõõdeti Eestis veosekäive languseks 27,4%. Kehvemini olid asjad maanteetranspordis vaid Lätil ja Rumeenial. Täpsustuseks tuleb märkida, et veosekäivet tonn-kilomeetrites mõõdetakse kahel transpordiliigil olulise erinevusega. Raudteel kogunevad tonn-kilomeetrid ainult riigisisestel raudteedel toimuvatelt veostelt hoolimata vedajast, maanteel aga hoolimata veose marsruudi asukohast veoki registreerinud riigi järgi. Tööstustoodangu aastane juurdekasv stabiilselt kolmandik Oleks ülekohtune jätta ära märkimata Eesti majanduse kiire kriisist taastumise. Oktoobrist 2010 märtsini 2011 oli tööstustoodangu maht Eestis kolmandiku võrra kõrgem kui vastaval kuul aasta varem. Kõigil teistel liikmesriikidel jäi näitaja juurdekasv samal ajavahemikul alla viiendiku ning EL-i keskmine oli tänavu märtsis vaid 4,6%. Jääb loota, et trendi jätkumine toob kaasa olukorra paranemise ka tööhõives ja sissetulekutes, kus positiivsed muutused on seni tunduvalt tagasihoidlikumad. 4 EESTI STATISTIKA KVARTALIKIRI. 2/11. QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF STATISTICS ESTONIA UUDISNOPPEID STATISTIKA VALLAST NEWS PICKS FROM THE FIELD OF STATISTICS NEWS PICKS FROM THE FIELD OF STATISTICS Aavo Heinlo Statistics Estonia Picks are amongst other sources based on fresh news releases of Eurostat Statistics (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/publications/collections/news_releases), as well as on Eurostat series Statistics in focus (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/publications/collections/sif_dif/sif). Growth in the expenditure of social protection would ensure healthier life Let’s hope that among the readers of the Quarterly Bulletin the number of retired persons is not high as there is no good news for them. Having reached the age of 65, women in Estonia could expect to live an additional 19.2 and men 14.0 years. These 2009 data do not differ substantially, at least for women, from these of one of the EU leader countries – Sweden, where that indicator for women equalled 21.2 and for men 18.2 years. But there is a big difference in the quality of the additional life years. For the Swedes the expected healthy life for 65-year-olds amounted to 14 years or two thirds from additional years. For the Estonians of the same age it was limited to 5 years or nearly to one third. The period of healthy life years for 65-year-olds was as short also in Latvia, Hungary and Portugal. Lower than the Estonia’s value of the indicator – 3 years – was recorded only for Slovakia. Unintentionally the interest rises to seek a connection with such indicator as the expenditure on social protection ratio to GDP. Indeed this ratio for Sweden equalled 29% in 2008, EU mean was slightly lower – 26%, but for Slovakia the value was as low as 16% and for Estonia 15%. Again, only two countries remained behind us: Romania with 14% and Latvia with 13%. There are more single mothers and fathers in Estonia than elsewhere in the EU In 2009, among the 200 million private households in the European Union there were 3.7% of those with single mothers and 0.5% with single fathers. In such households together with a single parent there lived a child or children, whose age could reach 24 years in the condition that they were economically inactive. The share of such households in Estonia was twice higher. In the case of single mothers it was the highest in the EU – 7.0%, and in the case of single fathers one of the highest – 0.9%. Only Lithuanian 1.0% surpassed it. The lowest indicator values – 1.5% and 0.2% with respect to sexes – were recorded in orthodox Greece, but surprisingly also at our neighbours in Finland. If we try to explain our high figures with the self-confidence of Estonian women then the question remains: what is different in the other side of the gulf? Rail freight transport stable, road freight transport in the red Comparing the rail freight transport in 2009 with that of a year earlier then Estonia was the only one from the EU Member States being able to maintain its level (even 0.1% growth was recorded). For the EU as total the 17.4% decrease was measured. The road freight transport was not so successful. For Estonia 27.4% drop took place next to the EU mean fall of 10.1%. Even more on the poor side were Latvia and Romania. It has to be specified that the recording for two types of transport is quite different. By rail the tonne-kilometres accumulate on the territory
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