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REPOR TRESUMES ED 018 134 EM 006192 DEVELOPING MASS MEDIA IN ASIA, PAPERS OF UNESCO MEETING AT BANGKOK, JANUARY 1960. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 30. UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULT.ORS REPORT NUMBER 1605 -B PUB DATE 60 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.50 HC-$4.60 116P. DESCRIPTORS- PLANNING, *RADIO, *TELEVISION, *NEWSAPERS, *PERIODICALS, FILMS, INFORMATION SERVICES, PRINTNG, COMMUNICATIONS, DEVELOPING NATIONS, *CONFERENCE , SOUTH EAST ASIA, BANGKOK, ITU IN ASIA, THE MOST POPULOUS REGION OF THWORLD, THE COUNTRIES SUFFERING MOST FROM POVERTY AND ILITERACY ARE ALSO THE POOREST IN COMMUNICATION FACILITIES. PROGRAMS ARE NEEDED TO DEVELOP NEWSPAPER AND PERIODICAL CIRCUATION, NEWS AGENCIES, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, RADIO BROACASTING, FILMS, AND TELEVISION. JOURNALISTS NEED TO BE TRAIED IN ALL THE INFORMATION MEDIA. LOCAL LANGUAGE NEWSAPERS SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED, READER PREFERENCE IN MAGAZINES SHOULD BE DETERMINED, LOW-COST RADIO RECEIVERSSHOULD SE PROVIDED, HIGH PRIORITY SHOULD BE GIVEN TO DEVELOPENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION FACILITIES, NATIONAL NEWS AGENCIESSHOULD BE ESTABLISHED AND SHOULD COOPERATE. GOVERNMENTS SHOLD ENCOURAGE INVESTMENT IN INDUSTRIES NECESSARY TO THE INFORMATION MEDIA. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS 1605.B FROM NATONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OR FROM THE MASSOMMUNICATION CLEARING HOUSE, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS -7E, FRANCE, FOR $1.50.IMF) INeNOT.T.1.1r - Or" tc:rtNin rs onM ss or" ommunication I 111111,11111111k. - This series of Reports and Papers onMass Communication is issued bythe Clearing House of the Department of Mass Communicationof Unesco. Unless otherwisestated, the agemr...x.....na be reproduced_in_fullor in part, provided credit isgiven to Unesco. The following reportsand papers have so far been issued and areobtainable from National Distributors ofUne sco Publications or from the MassCommunication Clearing House, Unesco,Place de Fontenoy, Paris 7e. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASSCOMMUNICATION Films and Filmstrips about the workof the United Nations and its SpecializedAgencies, May 1952 (out of print). No 1 concerned with Educational, Scientific andCultural Film - Section A: No2World Film Directory- Agencies Africa: Section B: America (North, Centraland South); Section C: Asia and Oceania;Section D: Europe and Section E: International, July1952/September 1953 (free Qri request). Films and Filmstrips about Education.August 1952 (out of print). No3 An Annotated Bibliography. October 1952(out of print) with No4Unesco Publications on Mass Communication - Supplement 1954 (out of print). Television - An Experiment in CommunityReception in French villages. August 1952(out of print). No 5 November 1952 (free on request). No6 Kerosene Filmstrips and Slide Projectors. 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). N°7 The Daily Press - A Survey of the WorldSituation in 1952. December 1953 ($0.40; No 8Education for Journalism - 1953. January1954 ($0.40; 2/-.(Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 9Bibliography on Filmology as Related to theSocial Sciences. February 1954 ($0.40;2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 10Newsprint Trends 1928-1951.February 1954 ($0.40; 2/. (Stg.); 1,00 NF). and Writing- 1929-1951 Trends. March1954 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.);1,00 NF). No 11Paper for Printing (other than Newsprint) April 1954 ($0.40; No 12Paper for Printing and Writing - TentativeForecasts of Demand in 1955, 1960 and 1965. 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). September 1954 No 13Tentative International Bibliography of WorksDealing with Press Problems (1 900-1952 ). ($0.50; 3/- (Stg.); 1,50 NF). 1,00 NF). No 14Catalogues of Short Films and Filmstrips - SelectedList. February 1955 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); No 15Catalogue of French Ethnographical Films. May 1955($0,40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). 1955 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 0,50 NF). No 16Television and Tele-Clubs in Rural Communities. July Preliminary No 17International Rules for the Cataloguing of Educational,Scientific and Cultural Films and Filmstrips. edition, May 1956 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). May 1956 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 18A Manual for Evaluators of Films and Filmstrips. Selections made in 22 No 19List of Films Recommended forChildren and Adolescents up to 16 years Following Countries. June 1956 (out of print). 1956 (out of print). No 20Catalogue of 50 Popular Science Films. July published No 21Current Mass Communication Research I - Bibliographyof Books and Articles on Mass Communication since 1 January 1955. December 1956 ($1;5/- (Stg.); 2,50 NF). No 22Periodicals for New Literates : Editorial Methods.June 1957 ($0.75; 3/5 (Stg.); 1,50 NF). No 23Cultural Radio Broadcasts. Some Experiences. December1956 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 24 Periodicals for New Literates. Seven Case Histories.November 1957 ($1; 5/- (Stg.); 3,00 NF). No 25Adult Education Groups and Audio-Visual Techniques. 1958($0.75; 3/6 (Stg.); 2,00 NF). No 26The Kinescope and Adult Education. 1958 ($0.75;3/6 (Stg.); 2,00 NF). N0 27 Visual Aids in Fundamental Education and CommunityDevelopment.1959 ($0.75; 3/6 (Stg.); 2,50 NF). No 28Film Programmes for the Young. 1959 ($0.75: 3/6(Stg.); 250 NF). N° 29Film-making on a Low Budget. 1960 ($0.50; 2/ 6 (Stg.) ; 1,75 NFL "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED Jr(SEE x'980 1/F) MC.60.XVII.30.A Printed in the Workshops of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization Place de Fontenoy, Paris 7e C U1§11115C0 1960 Developing Mass Media in Asia Papers of Unesco meeting at Bangkok January 1960 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION FROM THE THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEENREPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS PERSON OR ORGANIZATIONORIGINATING IT. EDUCATION STATED DO NOT NECESSARILYREPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF POSITION OR POLICY. unesco FOREWORD 1960, to draw This publication deals withthe meeting convened byUnesco at Bangkok, 18-29 January for the development ofinformation media in South EastAsia. The meeting was attended up a programme media experts of the regionand observers from by representatives ofMember States of Unesco, mass international organizations -about 120 participants inall. forms part of a world surveywhich Unesco is conducting atthe request of The Bangkok meeting Similar meetings are expected tobe held for the Economic and SocialCouncil of the United Nations. de Chile in 1961 and forAfrica at Addis Ababa in1962. The survey is Latin America at Santiago needed to help the underdeveloped intended to enable the UnitedNations to evaluate the resources countries to build up theirinformation media. Unesco at the The present publicationcontains the inaugural speechby the Director-General of by the report adoptedby the meeting and by paperssubmitted to it by Bangkok meeting, followed grouped according to the various specialists in the masscommunication field. These papers are four main subjects coveredby the meeting, namely ; (i)newspapers andperiodicals; (ii) news agencies andtelecommunications; (iii) radio broadcasting,film and television ; (iv) training in journalismand mass communicationresearch. it provides This material has been gatheredtogether and reproducedhere because it was felt that governments and professionalorganizations, as well as for an exceptionalbody of information for readers communication specialists. Itis hoped that thepublication will a lso stimulate many mass meeting as to actionwhich they to carry out thesuggestions contained inthe report of the Bangkok might take to develop informationmedia in South East Asia. TABLE OF CONTENTS Inaugural Speech by the Director-General of Unesco 5 I. REPORT OF THE MEETING ON DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION MEDIA IN SOUTH EAST ASIA Introduction 9 1. Newspapers and Periodicals 15 2. News Agencies and Telecommunications 20 3. Radio Broadcasting, Film and Television 27 4. Journalism Training and Mass Communication Research 40 Annex I:List of Participants in the Meeting 47 Annex II: Summary Data on Mass Media Facilities in South EastAsian Countries 59 II.PAPERS BY MASS COMMUNICATION SPECIALISTS 1. Newspapers and Periodicals Development of a Multi - Language. Press; A.R. Bhat 61 The Magazine Press in South East Asia; Dr. S.Marbangun 64 Printing in Non-Ideographic Asian Scripts; S. Ramu 66 Printing in Ideographic Asian Scripts; Tsutomu Mawatari 68 Newsprint and Printing Paper in the Far Ea id; FAOSecretariat 70 2. News Agencies and Telecommunications News Agency Problems in South East Asia; K.S.Ramanathan 73 The Exchange of News within South East Asia;Mohammed Basri 76 The Flow of News out of South East Asia; SaburoMatsukata 78 Use of Telecommunications by the Mass Media inSouth East Asia; H. N. Shrivastava 81 3. Radio Broadcasting. Film and Television Radio Programming and Programme Exchange in SouthEast Asia; J . C . Mathur 85 News Services for Radio in South East Asia; RashidAhmed 87 Technical Aspects of Broadcasting in South EastAsia; G. Searle 90 Training Film Technicians in South East Asia; K.L.Khandpur 93 Production of Newsreels, Documentaries and Other Filmsin the Smaller South East Asian Countries; Soedarso Wirokoesoemo,Yung Kwon Kim, Ben G. Pinga and L. George Wickremasinghe 97 Starting a Television Service; W.S. Hamilton andthe B B C 99 The Future of Television in South East Asia;Kiichi Takata 109 4. Journalism Training and Mass CommunicationResearch Unesco and Professional Training in Journalism;Unesco Secretariat.. 111 INAUGURAL SPEECH BY DR. VITTORINO VERONESE, DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF UNESCO (Extracts) This meeting concerns the vast new field known as mass communication. The very fact that this term covers media as varied as the press, film, radio and television
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