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Canada's Greek Moment: Transnational Politics, Activists, and Spies During
CANADA’S GREEK MOMENT: TRANSNATIONAL POLITICS, ACTIVISTS, AND SPIES DURING THE LONG SIXTIES CHRISTOPHER GRAFOS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN HISTORY YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO DECEMBER 2016 © CHRISTOPHER GRAFOS, 2016 ABSTRACT This dissertation examines Greek immigrant homeland politics during the period of Greece’s military dictatorship, 1967 to 1974, in Toronto and Montreal. It carefully considers the internal dynamics of anti-junta activism in Canada’s Greek populations, but it also contemplates the meanings of external perceptions, particularly from the Canadian state and Canadian public discourse. The study acknowledges the dominant paradigm of Greek immigrants as unskilled workers, however, it demonstrates that this archetype is not monolithic. In many ways, it is challenged by a small number of Greeks who possessed skills to write letters to politicians, create petitions, organize public rallies, and politically mobilize others. At the same time, this dissertation carefully considers Canada’s social and political environment and shows how uniquely Canadian politics ran parallel to and informed Greek homeland politics. Transnationalism is used as an analytical tool, which challenges the meaning of local/national borders and the perception that they are sealed containers. The main argument expressed here is that environments shape movements and migrant political culture does not develop in a vacuum. Each chapter deals with specific nuances of anti-junta activism in Toronto and Montreal. Chapter One examines the organized voices of the Greek community’s anti-dictatorship movement. The chapter’s latter section looks at how the Panhellenic Liberation Movement (PAK), led by Andreas Papandreou, consolidated itself as the main mouthpiece against Greece’s authoritarian regime. -
How Has the Phenomenon of Revolutionary Groups Been Resilient in Greece? a Relational Study of Two Contentious Episodes (1965 – 2002)
How Has the Phenomenon of Revolutionary Groups Been Resilient in Greece? A Relational Study of Two Contentious Episodes (1965 – 2002) Sotirios Karampampas Department of Politics University of Sheffield A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2017 Acknowledgements If life is a journey, then PhD is a remote island in a wild ocean. It is a solitary trip in yourself and the great world that stands beside you ready to be discovered. This trip would have been, though, impossible without the help and active support of a number of people that deserve to be named as the least sign of gratitude. First, I want to thank my supervisors, Prof. Maria Grasso, Dr Liza Stampnitzky and Dr Rhiannon Vickers. Maria has been a great inspiration throughout the process, as through her advice, guidance and comments contributed significantly to this work. Besides, through her general attitude and mentality made me want to become better as a researcher and academic. Lisa was there in the final stages of the PhD, providing highly-appreciated feedback and helping me to (re)gain a macro-level perspective to the whole project. Finally, Rhiannon provided great feedback and support during the first two crucial years of this project. Thank you all for the great support. I also want to thank those that helped with all their “paddling” to keep me and this project afloat. A big thanks, then, (in order of appearance…) to Martha, Hisham, Giannis, Dimitris and Andreas that managed to make my life in Sheffield easier. A huge thanks goes to my family: my mother, my father and my sister that believed in me, even in times – especially for those – that I did not. -
The Colonels' Dictatorship and Its Afterlives
This is a postprint version of the following published document: Antoniou, D., Kornetis, K., Sichani, A.M. and Stefatos, K. (2017). Introduction: The Colonels' Dictatorship and Its Afterlives. Journal of Modern Greek Studies, 35(2) pp. 281-306. DOI: 10.1353/mgs.2017.0021 © 2017 by The Modern Greek Studies Association Introduction: The Colonels’ Dictatorship and Its Afterlives Dimitris Antoniou, Kostis Kornetis, Anna-Maria Sichani, and Katerina Stefatos A half century after the coup d’état of 21 April 1967, the art exhibition docu- menta 14 launched its public programs in Athens by revisiting the Colonels’ dictatorship. The organizers chose the former headquarters of the infamous military police (EAT/ESA) to host the “exercises of freedom,”1 a series of walk- ing tours, lectures, screenings, and performances that examined resistance, torture, trauma, and displacement in a comparative perspective. The initia- tive was met with mixed feelings, and its public discussion raised import- ant questions about the past. Why is it urgent today to revisit the junta as a period of acute trauma? Can we trace the roots of Greece’s current predicament to its non-democratic past? What remains unsaid and unsayable about the dictatorship and its enduring legacies?2 While the junta has been a favorite subject for public history (broadly understood here to include literature, film, personal testimonies, and so on), research on it has remained on the margins. Initially, it was marked by sporadic attempts to respond to the pressing public interest to understand the dictator- ship as a contemporary phenomenon (Tsoucalas 1969; Clogg and Yannopoulos 1972; Poulantzas 1976; Mouzelis 1978) and, most importantly, to explain how the Colonels came to power and why they managed to govern Greece for seven years. -
Management of Archival Literary Sources: the Greek Approach Marietta Minotos and Anna Koulikourdi
Management of archival literary sources: the Greek approach Marietta Minotos and Anna Koulikourdi In Greece, as in many other countries, literary archives play an important role in the intellectual, social, political and cultural life of the country and are interconnected with the history of the state. Since the phenomenon of the diaspora of literary archives is familiar to all literary researchers, the scope of this article is to promote awareness of literary archives in Greece and to provide an approach to literary sources in an exceptionally wide range of archival institutions. It takes into account the Greek historical background in literary traditions and connects it with the current intensive interest in the archives, the legal framework, the principles of access to archival material and the challenges of on-line access for this category of archives and archivists. Eternity is quality, not quantity, this is the big but very simple secret. Nikos Kazantzakis (1883–1957) Where and how is literary memory safeguarded in Greece? The purpose of this article is to answer this basic question, presenting a representative picture of Greek literary archives, the places in which they are located and the way they are organized, the mapping of the archival landscape in this field, the accessibility and finding aids of the archival material and the challenges set by new technologies in the digital era. The profile of literary archives Literary archives constitute a specialized category of archives and include all kinds of documents, items and testimonies in every format, which were produced and are related to the intellectual, personal and social activity of a litterateur. -
April 21, 1967 Shock Opportunism and the Greek Junta
Yannick Verberckmoes 00903164 Master Program in American Studies Academic year: 2013-2014 April 21, 1967 Shock Opportunism and the Greek Junta Supervisor: Prof. Dr. J. Ken Kennard In this thesis we will investigate the concept of shock opportunism relating to the Greek colonels’ regime, that governed Greece from 1967 to 1974. Shock opportunism is defined as the use of a possibly premeditated collective shock, e.g. a natural disaster, war or coup d’état, as an opportunity to radically implement neoliberal economic reforms. On the one hand we will look at why and how this was done and on the other, we will link the case of Greece to similar examples of authoritarian regimes during the Cold War to come to a better analysis of this dark period in Greek history. Although writing a thesis is a very solitary endeavor, its merits can never be accredited to just one person. I would therefore like to express my gratitude to the following people: Prof. Dr. J. Ken Kennard: for yelling at me for about thirty minutes one week after the Easter break and explaining to me in quite straightforward English that my first draft still needed a lot of work, as this was a testimony to the great care and effort he displayed in helping me throughout the research and writing process. Prof. Dr. Victor Gavin: for his useful advice. Gizem Özbeko ğlu: for her undying support and access to the library of Boğaziçi University (Istanbul). Both of which were absolutely essential to the completion of this dissertation. Jannik Held: for introducing me to Naomi Klein’s book The Shock Doctrine over a couple of beers. -
Greek Whisky : the Localization of a Global Commodity Bampilis, T
Greek whisky : the localization of a global commodity Bampilis, T. Citation Bampilis, T. (2010, February 10). Greek whisky : the localization of a global commodity. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/14731 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the License: Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/14731 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). GREEK WHISKY THE LOCALIZATION OF A GLOBAL COMMODITY TRYFON BAMPILIS ii Printed by Wöhrmann Print Service © 2010, T. Bampilis, Leiden, The Netherlands ISBN 978-90-9025132-5 iii Greek whisky The localization of a global commodity PROEFSCHRIFT Ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. P.F. van der Heijden, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op woensdag 10 februari 2010 klokke 15.00 uur Door Tryfon Bampilis Geboren te Athene, Griekenland In 1978 iv PROMOTIECOMMISSIE Promotor: Prof. Dr. P.Pels Overige Leden: Prof. Dr. P. Geschiere (UVA) Prof. Dr. P. Spyer Dr. G. Agelopoulos (University of Macedonia, GR) Dr. P. ter Keurs This research was financially supported by a PhD fellowship in social anthropology from the State Scholarship Foundation of Greece (IKY) v !"# $% &%$'(# &)* +#" ,$% &-.&% $)* /#$'(# &)* To my mother and the memory of my father vi vii Contents Acknowledgments xi List of Figures xiii Note on transliteration xv Part One 1. Introduction: the social life of whisky 1 Materiality 5 Mass commodities: the things of modernity 9 Commodity consumption and globalization 14 Performances of consumption in relation to style 18 The cultural context of consuming alcohol in Greece 19 Recent history 19 Drinking alcohol in Greek ethnography 24 To “follow the thing” 27 The scope of following things and commodities 27 Research and fieldwork 29 Argument and description of the parts of the study 32 2. -
The Female Image in Greek Women's Magazines During the Junta
Fashionable Fascism: The Female Image in Greek women’s magazines during the Junta (1967-1974) Master thesis Giannis Mavrogenis 8/31/2019 Supervised By Prof. Eric Storm Leiden University 1 | P a g e Abstract The present thesis looks through popular women’s magazines published during the period of the Greek Junta (1967-1974) in order to answer the following question: "To what extent did popular women's magazines during the Greek Junta reflect the regime's ideology on gender roles?". The analysis is divided into three chapters regarding representations of the female body and sexuality, work and marriage, and politics respectively. The thesis also highlights the underlying tension between modernity and tradition in far-right ideologies and the way it is mirrored through women's representations in the magazines.Through the analysis, the thesis concludes that these magazines promoted a considerably more liberal view of womanhood than that expected and desired by the Junta for Greek women. It also points out that this liberal image of women was not necessarily opposed by the regime since it too promoted itself as liberal. Finally, the thesis demonstrates that this particular inconsistency between presentation and expectation reveals a gendered facet of the tension between traditionalism and modernization documented in the magazine pages of the Greek Junta. 2 | P a g e Contents Fashionable Fascism: ................................................................................................................. 1 The Female Image in Greek women’s -
Greeks March on 5Th Avenue to Celebrate Freedom and Honor Blue Skies Confound Forecasters; Smiles North and Pride Prevail
O C V ΓΡΑΦΕΙ ΤΗΝ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ Bringing the news ΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ to generations of ΑΠΟ ΤΟ 1915 The National Herald Greek Americans c v A wEEkly GrEEk AmEriCAN PuBliCATiON www.thenationalherald.com VOL. 14, ISSUE 703 April 2-8 , 2011 $1.50 Greeks March on 5th Avenue to Celebrate Freedom and Honor Blue Skies Confound Forecasters; Smiles North And Pride Prevail America By Constantine S. Sirigos Strides to a TNH Staff Writer NEW YORK – Boom! Boom! ... BOOM-BOOM-BOOM! With the Greek Beat sounding of their pounding, re - minding that fighting in places today such as Libya and Syria By TNH Staff Writers showed that freedom sometimes must be won with guns and It wasn’t just New York blood – as it was in Greece - the Greeks marching to celebrate young drummers of the Greek Greek Independence Day last School of Plato of Brooklyn week: the faithful turned out in launched the annual Greek In - big cities such as Baltimore, De - dependence parade up New troit, Montreal and Toronto – York’s Fifth Avenue on March and small cities and towns such 27, the 73rd time that famed as Lowell and Peabody, Massa - boulevard received Greek cele - chusetts, North Wildwood, N.J., brants. It didn’t matter that the and Dover, N.H. And they all anniversary was two days ear - had the same mission: to mark lier as blue skies and smiles their heritage and the freedom framed the picture for the it brought their homeland. On march that marked the 190th Sunday March 27, many Greek anniversary of the Greek Revo - Americans and Greek Canadians lution against the Ottoman oc - took out flags and traditional cupation. -
Leonidas Kallivretakis
GREEK–AMERICAN RELATIONS IN THE YOM KIPPUR WAR CONCURRENCE* Leonidas Kallivretakis Abstract: This article suggests that there is no hard evidence supporting the conspiracy theory that Georgios Papadopoulos’ dictatorial regime was overthrown by the United States in 1973, because the Greek junta leader refused to assist their supply effort in support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War. The purpose of this article is to explore a widely held “urban legend”: namely, that the Americans overthrew the Georgios Papadopoulos Greek military regime in November 1973, because the junta leader refused to assist the US supply effort in support of Israel during the October 1973 Yom Kippur War. This scenario takes as a given that the Dimitrios Ioannidis coup of November 25, 1973 issued from, or in any case was supported by the Americans (and perhaps the “Jews”)1 and, moreover of course, that the Polytechnic uprising a few days earlier was a provocation planned by the same forces, creating the political conditions and necessary climate for the overthrow of Papadopoulos by Ioannidis. This theory holds a prominent position in the wider realm of popular conspiracy theories, which are fond of using simplistic explanations to interpret complicated, dramatic events. One can cite a number of sources that advance or adopt this theory.2 * A Greek version of this article was published in Μνήμων 33 (2013-2014), pp. 207-231. 1 G. A. Michalopoulos, Η προδοσία της 24 Νοεμβρίου 1973 [The treason of 24 November 1973], Athens n.d., p. 47; cf. Sefi Anastasakos, Θύελλα στην Αθήνα [Storm in Athens], Athens 1974, p. -
The Hellenic Observatory Newsletter 2004
Issue 2 September 2004 The Hellenic Observatory Newsletter 2004 Editorial Welcome to this second issue of our newsletter. grateful to him. Dimitris continues as an Honor- I’m pleased to report that the Observatory is in a ary Fellow of the Observatory. strong position, as it looks forward to the new academic year. Sadly, the Observatory had to say goodbye to Katerina Loukopoulou, our Administrator. We We had a very active programme of confer- were very pleased, nevertheless, to welcome ences, seminars and research workshops in Maria Kantirou in April as our new Administrator. 2003-4. Our biggest public event was held at the She joins Eleni Xiarchogiannopoulou, HO Re- Inside this issue: National Film Theatre on London’s South Bank search Officer, who started in summer 2003. on 17th November. The date represented the 30th anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic rebel- The year 2004-5 will be a period of change for lion against the Greek junta. It was especially the Observatory. I am delighted that Dr. Spyros Editorial 1 poignant to show the film ‘Z’, depicting the politi- Economides has been appointed as Deputy Di- cal assassination of Lambrakis, on this day and rector. He and I will work closely together to we were delighted to welcome the film’s direc- sustain and develop our programme of activi- tor, Costas Gavras, to the event. The NFT audi- ties. This will be particularly relevant to me, A major anniversary, a major 2 whilst I am Director of the European Institute for event torium was packed with an audience that was both young and old, Greek and non-Greek in the next three years. -
MUNINAL'21 United Nations Security Council Delegate Study Guide
MUNINAL’21 United Nations Security Council Delegate Study Guide 1 LETTER FROM SECRETARY GENERAL Dear Delegates, It is my utmost pleasure to welcome you all to the MUNINAL’21. I am happy to say that it is an honor for me to serve you as Secretary General in the first ever official online conference of MUNINAL. I can assure you all that our conference will be unforgettable in every single way possible. Our organization team, led by Mr. Ozan Eren, has put up so much effort to plan every single detail of organization to give you the best experience. Also, our DSG Deniz had a lot of efforts to be verified by munturkey.com. It is my utmost pleasure to welcome you the 2 MUNINAL’21’s UNSC committee. Our distinguished Under Secretary General Süha and his assistant Osman Has prepared this study guide for you to understand the concept of this committee as well as rules of procedure of that conference is different from a regular MUN. This committee is well thought and prepared. Get ready for the fu and the crises all along the conference. There will be lots of surprises among the 2 days ahead of you. Both our organization team and academic team has been working so hard to make this experience unique and unforgettable. Sincerely, Arda Demirel Secretary General of MUNINAL’21 LETTER FROM UNDER-SECRETARY-GENERAL Most esteemed participants, Before introducing myself, I would like to welcome you all to MUNINAL’21. My name is Süha Ayvaz. I am a senior grade at Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University. -
Vicki Macris
Immigrant education and the makings of a never citizen: The case of Greece by Vicki Macris A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theoretical Cultural and International Studies in Education Department of Educational Policy Studies University of Alberta © Vicki Macris, 2014 ii Abstract This thesis delineates a qualitative research approach that investigates immigrant students’ learning and social experiences in Greek state schools. The purpose of this research was to gain deeper insights into the life and learning experiences of immigrant students and to explore the ways in which school level policies meet, or do not meet the schooling needs of immigrant students and improve immigrant education. Moreover, the research seeks to establish if, in fact, such policies are implemented, supported, and enacted. Immigrant students undoubtedly experience marginalization, exclusion, isolation and invisibility in dominant culture- normed schooling environments, while a look at educational practices in public schools reveals that immigrant-receiving societies continue to reflect the values and knowledge of the dominant society or culture (Vedder, Horenczyk, & Liebkind, 2006). The study seeks to find whether or not immigrants, minorities, or marginalized people are given the opportunities required to live a better life in their host country and to receive, at minimum, an education that is equivalent to the education most native students receive. It has increasingly become a social necessity, if not a matter of urgent moral concern in Greek society, to address the educational needs of marginalized immigrant youth who seem to be continuously isolated from public policy, as well as educational policy discourse in Greece.