Infection and Immunity Volume 51 * January 1986 * Number 1 J
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INFECTION AND IMMUNITY VOLUME 51 * JANUARY 1986 * NUMBER 1 J. W. Shands, Jr., Editor in Chief (1989) University of Florida, Gainesville Phillip J. Baker, Editor (1990) Peter F. Bonventre, Editor (1989) Arthur G. Johnson, Editor (1986) National Institute ofAllergy and University of Cincinnati University of Minnesota, Duluth Infectious Diseases Cincinnati, Ohio Stephan E. Mergenhagen, Editor (1989) Bethesda, Md. Roy Curtiss III, Editor (1990) National Institute of Dental Researcl Edwin H. Beachey, Editor (1988) Washington University Bethesda, Md. VA Medical Center St. Louis, Mo. Memphis, Tenn. EDITORIAL BOARD Leonard C. Altman (1986) Toby K. Eisenstein (1987) F. Kierszenbaum (1987) Catherine Saelinger (1987) Michael A. Apicella (1988) Peter Elsbach (1986) Paul Kolenbrander (1986) Dwayne C. Savage (1987) Roland Arnold (1987) Stanley Falkow (1988) Julius P. Kreier (1986) Irving E. Salit (1986) John B. Bartlett (1988) John R. Finerty (1987) Maurice J. Lefford (1987) Charles F. Schachtele (1988) Joel B. Baseman (1988) Robert Fitzgerald (1986) Thomas Lehner (1986) Julius Schachter (1986) Robert E. Baughn (1987) James D. Folds (1988) Stephen H. Leppla (1988) Gary K. Schoolnik (1987) Gary K. Best (1988) Samuel B. Formal (1986) F. Y. Liew (1988) June R. Scott (1987) Jenefer Blackwell (1988) Peter Gemski (1988) Francis L. Macrina (1988) Philip Scott (1988) Arnold S. Bleiweis (1987) Robert Genco (1988) John Mansfield (1988) Alan Sher (1987) William H. Bowen (1988) Ronald J. Gibbons (1988) Jerry R. McGhee (1988) Gerald D. Shockman (1986) David E. Briles (1988) Emil Gotschlich (1988) Floyd C. McIntire (1988) W. A. Simpson (1988) Robert R. Brubaker (1986) Frank Griffin (1987) Monte Meltzer (1986) Phillip D. Smith (1988) Gerald Byrne (1988) Richard Guerrant (1986) Jiri Mestecky (1986) Ralph Snyderman (1988) Bruce Chassy (1987) Thomas L. Hale (1987) J. Gabriel Michael (1986) Maggie So (1986) John 0. Cisar (1988) Robert E. W. Hancock (1988) Henry W. Murray (1986) P. Frederick Sparling (1987) William B. Clark (1988) Edgar Hanna (1987) Carol A. Nacy (1987) Barnet M. Sultzer (1988) John Clements (1988) Eric J. Hansen (1986) Alison O'Brien (1988) Catharina Svanborg-Eden (1988) Don B. Clewell (1987) Thomas P. Hatch (1988) Itzhak Ofek (1986) John L. Swanson (1987) Myron S. Cohen (1987) David Hentges (1988) Andrew B. Onderdonk (1987) Diane Taylor (1987) R. John Collier (1987) Randall K. Holmes (1986) Monique Parant (1987) K. N. Timmis (1987) Jorge H. Crosa (1988) Marcus A. Horwitz (1987) Shelley M. Payne (1988) Ivo van de Rijn (1987) Jim E. Cutler (1987) Dexter H. Howard (1988) Nathaniel F. Pierce (1986) Johannes van Houte (1988) James B. Dale (1988) Vincent J. Iacono (1988) Matthew Pollack (1986) Stefanie Vogel (1988) Judith E. Domer (1986) Barbara Iglewski (1986) Reuben Ramphal (1988) Peter A. Ward (1988) James L. Duncan (1988) Richard E. Isaacson (1987) Richard R. Ranney (1988) William P. Weidanz (1987) Dennis Dwyer (1987) Howard M. Johnson (1988) Ruth Rappaport (1986) P. H. Williams (1987) Roman Dziarski (1987) Russell C. Johnson (1988) John B. Robbins (1986) Jerry A. Winkelstein (1987) Robert A. Eisenberg (1987) William Johnson (1988) Donald Robertson (1987) Herbert H. Winkler (1986) Barry Eisenstein (1988) Dennis L. Kasper (1988) Burton Rosan (1986) Elizabeth J. Zieglekw (1988) Wendell D. Zollinger (1988) Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Linda M. lhlig, Managing Editor, Journals Thomas M. Rogers, Production Editor Infection and Immunity (ISSN 0019-9567), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination offundamental knowledge concerning: (i) infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and unicellular parasites; (ii) the ecology and epidemiology of pathogenic microbes; (iii) virulence factors, such as toxins and microbial surface structures; (iv) nonspecific factors in host resistance and susceptibility to infection; and (v) immunology of microbial infection. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Department. Infection and Immunity is published monthly, and the twelve numbers are divided into four volumes per year. The nonmember subscription price is $280 per year; single copies are $21. The member subscription price is $41 (foreign, $54 [surface rate]) per year; single copies are $7. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006 (phone: 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims Within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because offailure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Infection and Immunity, ASM, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006. Made in the United States of America. Copyright C) 1986, American Society for Microbiology. a* 4EWAwE TS%#l (1I3tl All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the ar- ticle may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index Aaltonen, Antti S., 49 Galloway, D. R., 37 Lehtonen, Olli-Pekka J., 49 Roth, M., 314 Abe, Chiyoji, 54 Garber, Gary E., 250 Levine, Michael J., 302 Achtman, Mark, 268, 286 Gariepy, Jean, 320 Lupan, David M., 360 Saito, Hajime, 157, 163 Aihara, Yukoh, 43 Germaine, Greg R., 119 Samuelson, John C., 181 Anderle, Sonia K., 240 Ghadirian, E., 263 Maldonado, Marcela S., 369 Sato, Katsumasa, 157, 163 Arata, Satoru, 43 Goebel, W., 314 Marchitto, Kevin S., 168 Schar, Gertrud, 199 Goguen, Jon D., 352 Mashimo, Jun-Ichi, 43 Schmitz, Silvie, 54 Babiuk, L. A., 344 Goldstein, Elaine G., 302 McArthur, Hamish A. I., 1 Schoolnik, Gary, 320 Barcinski, Marcello A., 80, Gordon, M. R., 134 McGhee, Jerry R., 348 Schwab, John H., 240 369 Graves, Don C., 125 McNabb, Scott J. N., 125 Scott, E. N., 6 Barnes, Robert C., 60 Gregory, Richard L., 348 McRae, William B., 115 Seeliger, H. P. R., 314 Beachey, Edwin H., 362 Mendonga-Previato, Lucia, Selander, Robert K., 268 Bessler, Wolfgang G., 233 Hansen, Eric J., 69 369 Selland-Grossling, Coleen K., Bhakdi, S., 314 Hastie, Annette T., 254 Meyers, Gwyneth L., 16 168 Bienz, Kurt A., 147 Hausmann, Ernest, 302 Michalek, Suzanne M., 348 Seoane, Rafael, 224 Blaser, Martin J., 204, 209 Heck, Louis W., 115 Mietzner, Timothy A., 60 Shafer, William M., 60 Bowie, William R., 250 Hedstrom, R. C., 37 Millar, Stephen J., 302 Shiba, Tetsuo, 43, 110 Brade, Helmut, 110 Heuzenroeder, Michael, 268 Miller, Edward J., 115 Shimamoto, Tetsuo, 43 Brade, Lore, 110 Higgins, Michael L., 254 Minion, F. Chris, 352 Shryock, Thomas, 254 Brawner, Diane L., 327, 337 Hindahl, Michael S., 94 Moll, Albrecht, 286 Silverblatt, Fredric J., 193 Brown, Roger R., 240 Hingley, Susan T., 254 Morahan, P. S., 87 Somerfield, S. D., 263 Bryner, John H., 209 Hoberg, Kathryn A., 102 Morihara, Kazuyuki, 115 Sommer, Pascal, 277 Hogt, Andre H., 294 Morse, Stephen A., 60 Spitalny, George L., 355 Calderone, Richard A., 102 Hopkins, Janet A., 204 Moser, Irmgard, 54 Stab, Karin, 233 Caugant, Dominique, 268 Hoyne, Peter A., 187 Muchmore, H. G., 6 Stevens, David A., 199 Caulfield, John P., 181 Hulstaert, C. E., 294 Murad, Ferid, 320 Stewart, David J., 187 Ceri, Howard, 1 Myrvik, Q. N., 134 Stimpson, Stephen A., 240 Chang, Ling Y., 320 Iglewski, Barbara H., 94 Stover, E. Price, 199 Cihlar, Ronald L., 102 Imoto, Masahiro, 43 Nawa, Yukifumi, 213 Stuart, Simon, 268 Clark, Bruce L., 187 Ivey, Michael H., 125 Norgard, Michael V., 168 Clark, Richard L., 240 Nuessen, M. E., 282 Takada, Haruhiko, 43 Clemons, Karl V., 199 Jann, Barbara, 54 Nziramasanga, Pasipanodya, Takata, I., 134 Connor, J., 87 Jann, Klaus, 54 360 Tellefson, Lois M., 119 Couceiro, Jose, 224 JeanLouis, Yucynthia A., 60 Tenovuo, Jorma, 49 Cromartie, William J., 240 Jerrells, Thomas R., 355 Ochman, Howard, 268 Thong, Y. H., 177 Jim E., 337 Ogier, Joelle A., 277 Tomioka, Haruaki, 157, 163 Cutler, 327, Joens, L. A., 282 320 Jones, Thomas C., 147 O'Hanley, Peter, Tranum-Jensen, J., 314 Dankert, Jacob, 294 Ohmann, H. Bielefeldt, 344 Tuohimaa, Pentti, 49 Okuda, Kenji, 43 Turco, Jenifer, 355 Danley, David L., 307 Kamisaki, Yoshinori, 320 0rskov, Frits, 54, 268 Dempsey, W. L., 87 Kaper, J. B., 37 0rskov, Ida, 54, 268 Vaisanen-Rhen, Vuokko, 268 dos Reis, George A., 369 Kasai, Nobuhiko, 43 Owhashi, Makoto, 213 Dove, C. Robert, 24 Kelly, James K., 16 Veum, Trygve L., 24 Vilja, Pekka, 49 Kimura, Alan, 69 Packer, Beryl J., 141 Eiras, Adolfo, 224 Klapper, David G., 240 Volkman, A., 87 Pai, Chik H., 16 Vordermeier, Martin,