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Infection and Immunity Volume 57 * January 1989 * Number 1 J INFECTION AND IMMUNITY VOLUME 57 * JANUARY 1989 * NUMBER 1 J. W. Shands, Jr., Editor in Chief Dexter H. Howard, Editor (1991) (1989) University of California University of Florida, Gainesville Peter F. Bonventre, Editor (1989) Los Angeles, Calif. Phillip J. Baker, Editor (1990) University of Cincinnati Stephen H. Leppla, Editor (1991) National Institute of Allergy and Cincinnati, Ohio U.S. Army Medical Research Institute Infectious Diseases Roy Curtiss III, Editor (1990) ofInfectious Diseases Bethesda, Md. Washington University Frederick, Md. Edwin H. Beachey, Editor (1993) St. Louis, Mo. Stephan E. Mergenhagen, Editor (1989) VA Medical Center National Institute ofDental Research Memphis, Tenn. Bethesda, Md. EDITORIAL BOARD Soman N. Abraham (1991) Barry Eisenstein (1991) Suzanne M. Michalek (1989) Julius Schachter (1989) Julia Albright (1989) Joseph Ferretti (1989) Michael L. Misfeldt (1991) Stewart Scherer (1991) John F. Alderete (1991) Richard A. Finkelstein (1989) David C. Morrison (1989) Patrick Schlievert (1990) Leonard C. Altman (1989) Vincent A. Fischetti (1989) Steve L. Moseley (1990) June R. Scott (1990) Neil R. Baker (1989) David FitzGerald (1989) Antony J. Mukkada (1990) Thomas M. Shinnick (1991) Alan Barbour (1989) Robert Fitzgerald (1989) Robert S. Munford (1989) Gerald D. Shockman (1989) Joel B. Baseman- (1991) Ronald J. Gibbons (1991) Juneann W. Murphy (1990) W. A. Simpson (1991) Robert E. Baughn (1990) Jon Goguen (1989) H. Nikaido (1989) Emil Skamene (1991) Blaine L. Beaman (1991) William E. Goldman (1989) Staffan Normark (1991) Magie So (1989) Gary K. Best (1991) Emil Gotschlich (1991) Itzhak Ofek (1989) P. Frederick Sparling (1990) Jenefer Blackwell (1991) Frank M. Griffin, Jr. (1990) Dennis Ohman (1989) Susan Straley (1989) Arnold S. Bleiweis (1990) Thomas L. Hale (1990) Andrew B. Onderdonk (1990) Barnet M. Sultzer (1991) David E. Briles (1991) Robert E. W. Hancock (1991) Paul Orndorff (1990) John L. Swanson (1990) Drusilla L. Burns (1991) Eric J. Hansen (1989) Shelley M. Payne (1991) Diane Taylor (1990) Gerald Byrne (1991) David L. Hasty (1991) Nathaniel F. Pierce (1989) Ronald K. Taylor (1991) Richard A. Calderone (1990) Fred Heifron (1990) Matthew Pollack (1989) John Thompson (1990) Priscilla A. Campbell (1990) David Hentges (1991) Richard A. Proctor (1990) Michael R. Thompson (1990) Janne G. Cannon (1990) James B. Hicks (1991) Reuben Ramphal (1991) K. N. Timmis (1990) Gail H. Cassell (1990) Jacques R. Hiernaux (1991) Jonathan I. Ravdin (1989) Ivo van de R"n (1990) Bruce Chassy (1990) Penny J. Hitchcock (1989) Neil E. Reiner (1991) Jan D. A. van Embden (1991) John 0. Cisar (1991) Paul S. Hoffman (1991) Richard F. Rest (1990) Johannes van Houte (1991) William B. Clark (1991) James B. Jensen (1989) John B. Robbins (1989) Michael L. Vasil (1990) P. Patrick Cleary (1990) William Johnson (1991) Donald Robertson (1990) Peter A. Ward (1991) Steven Clegg (1990) Keith A. Joiner (1989) Domenico Romeo (1991) Rodney Welch (1990) Don B. Clewell (1990) Stefan H. E. Kaufmann (1989) Burton Rosan (1989) Tracy D. Wilkins (1990) Rebecca Cox (1990) Paul M. Kaye (1991) Raoul S. Rosenthal (1989) Peter H. Williams (1990) Jorge H. Crosa (1991) Paul Kolenbrander (1989) Roy R. B. Russell (1989) Herbert H. Winkler (1989) Jim E. Cutler (1990) Malak Kotb (1991) David Sacks (1989) Donald E. Woods (1989) Charles J. Czuprynski (1989) Thomas R. Kozel (1991) Catharine Saelinger (1990) William W. Yotis (1989) Judith E. Domer (1989) Maurice J. Lefford (1990) Ann L. Sandberg (1989) Douglas B. Young (1991) Gordon Dougan (1991) Floyd C. McIntire (1991) Phillippe Sansonetti (1989) Elizabeth J. Ziegler (1991) Roman Dziarski (1990) John Mekalanos (1989) Dwayne C. Savage (1990) Robert A. Eisenberg (1990) Jiri Mestecky (1989) Charles F. Schachtele (1991) Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Kirk Jensen, Director ofPublications Linda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals Jack Kenney, Production Editor Infection and Immunity (ISSN 0019-9567), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006-5107, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning: (i) infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and unicellular parasites; (ii) the ecology and epidemiology of pathogenic microbes; (iii) virulence factors, such as toxins and microbial surface structures; (iv) nonspecific factors in host resistance and susceptibility to infection; and (v) immunology of microbial infection. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Department. Infection and Immunity is published monthly, one volume per year. The nonmember subscription price is $340 per year; single copies are $30. The member subscription price is $41 (foreign, $70 [air drop shipping]) per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006-5107 (phone: 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because of failure to report an address change or for issues "'missing from files" will not be allowed. Second class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Infection and Immunity, ASM, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006-5107. Made in the United States of America. Printed on acid-free paper. Copyright C) 1989, American Society for Microbiology. El: 4^ t E I (f I' 4 All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index Abe, Chiyoji, 283 Follett, Denise M., 225 Martinez, Jose P., 262 Shultz, Leonard D., 62 Agliano, A. M., 138 Freihorst, Joachim, 235 Matile, Hugues, 278 Siadak, Anthony, 174 Allen, Bradley L., 219 Fujii, Nobuhiro, 272 Matsuo, Kazuhiro, 283 Siegfried, Lynne M., 225 Anderson, Kathleen J., 13 Fukuyama, Kimie, 186 Mazier, Dominique, 278 Simon, M. M., 41 Andrews, Gerard P., 164 McBride, Barry C., 95 Simpson, Lance L., 255 Astbury, Lyn, 204 Garsia, Roger J., 204 McConnell, Moyra M., 164 Slaughter, Clive A., 196 Gatermann, Soren, 110 McIntyre, Kim W., 48 Small, Gloria, 174 Basten, Antony, 204 Gerlach, Gerald-F., 219 Mellors, John W., 132 Smith, Leonard A., 18 Batteiger, Byron E., 299 Gil, M. Luisa, 262 Merrick, Joseph M., 235 Sokolovic, Z., 295 Beachey, Edwin H., 29 Goebel, Werner, 55, 295 Migasena, Sricharoen, 117 Sorsa, Timo, 213 Becker, Annette, 8 Grayston, J. Thomas, 71 Miller, Virginia L., 121 Speer, C. A., 289 Benjamin, William, 48 Grenier, Daniel, 95 Miltgen, Frangois, 278 Stanley, Samuel L., Jr., 8 Black, Robert E., 117 Groover, Karen A., 18 Miwatani, Toshio, 158 Stiles, Bradley G., 255 Boedeker, Edgar C., 164 Miyake, Masami, 158 Stills, Harold F., Jr., 191 Bohach, Gregory A., 23 Habig, William H., 18 Mogil, Rona J., 146 Suntharasamai, Pravan, 117 Booth, Roger J., 204 Hall, Elaine, 62 Moomaw, Carolyn R., 196 Supanaranond, Wichai, 117 Boyer, Michael J., 245 Halpern, Jane L., 18 Moon, Harley W., 82 Syuto, Bunei, 272 Bright, Rani, 180 Hanmilton, Holly L., 225 Munson, Robert, Jr., 88 Britton, Warwick J., 204 Handley, Jeffrey P., 23 Museteanu, C., 41 Takahashi, Hisashi, 186 Brown, James F., 100 Heffron, Fred, 1 Tall, Ben D., 164 Buchmeier, Nancy A., 1 Heino, Jyrki, 213 Nagai, Sadamu, 283 Taylor, Christopher E., 180 Hellqvist, Linus, 204 Nelson, Robert D., 291 Terasaka, Kunihiro, 283 Campbell, Lee Ann, 71 Hill, Walter E., 121 Norgard, Michael V., 196 Thissen, Robert W., 71 Cardenioso, Laura, 262 Honda, Takeshi, 158 Nussler, Andreas, 278 Thomas, Diane, 174 Casanova, Manuel, 262 Hook, Reuel R., Jr., 191 Toba, Hirokazu, 239 Cattani, P., 138 Hoschutzky, Heinz, 76 Ogra, Pearay L., 235 Tolan, Robert, W., Jr., 88 Chamberlain, Neal R., 196 Hsu, Pei-Ling, 196 Oguma, Keiji, 272 Trent, Ronald J., 204 Chao, G., 95 Huerkamp, Michael J., 62 Orth, Kim, 196 Tsuzuki, Kayo, 272 Chow, Anthony W., 231 Chrisp, Clarence E., 62 Jann, Klaus, 76 Paques, A. T., 138 Uitto, Veli-Jukka, 213 Clegg, Steven, 219 John, Jorg, 110 Peterson, Ellena M., 152 Unowsky, Joel, 48 Cocito, C., 138 Justus, C. W. E., 41 Pied, Sylviane, 278 Coene, M., 138 Pier, Gerald B., 174 Walzer, Peter D., 62 Cooley, A. James, 100 Kashima, Masato, 186 Pitisuttitham, Punnee, 117 62 Whipp, Shannon C., 82 Crawford, Jack T., 239 Kehoe, Michael A., 29 Pogue, Cheryl L., Whiting, John L., 231 Czarniecki, Christine W., 152 Kim, C. Kurtis, 62 Poirier, Thomas P., 29 Whitmire, William M., 289 Czuprynski, Charles J., 100, Kimura, Kouichi, 272 Pontet, Michel, 278 Whitnack, Ellen, 29 225 Kramer, M. D., 41 Prayurahong, Benjaluck, 117 Kuhn, Michael, 55 Wilkins, Tracy D., 255 Radford, Anthony J., 204 Winkler, Herbert H., 36 Daugherty, Robin M., 36 Kuhn, Raymond E., 13 Kim S., 245 Dean, Evelyn A., 82 Kuo, Cho-chou, 71 Radolf, Justin D., 196 Wise, Rank, Roger G., 299 Wixson, Sally K., 62 Debs, Robert J., 132 Kurokawa, Yasuo, 272 Marcia K., 164 de la Maza, Luis M., 152 Kyle, Jean E., 289 Rosten, Patricia M., 231 Wolf, DeLorenzo, William, 48 Ryan, John L., 132 Desakorn, Varunee, 117 Lambert, Paul-Henri, 278 Yamada, Takeshi, 283 Dettori, G., 138 Larjava, Hannu, 213 Sanna, A., 138 Yamaguchi, Ryuji, 283 Dockter, Michael E., 29 Lerro, Anthony V., 62 Schaible, U.
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